1、Global warmingLanguage points in reading1 depend on2 for example 3 think about4 come across5 keep sb from doing sth6 compared to/with 7 add up to8 go up 9 result in10 worry about11 build up12 even though/if13 keep up with 14 encourage sb to do sth 15 in the air1依靠2例如3考虑，思考4偶然遇见5阻挡某人作某事6与相比7合计达8涨价;上涨
2、9导致;引起10担心11扩大;集结12尽管;即使13跟上不;落后14鼓励某人做谋事15不确定;未决定1 as a result of2 go through3 amounts of4 be used to(doing)sth 5 warm up6 have an effect on7 make a difference8 have to 9 put up with10 as long as11 turn off12 put on14 Instead of15 turn up13 put out1由于的结果2经历;遭受3许多的;大量的4习惯于5使某物变热，变暖6对有影响7有影响;很重要8不得不;
3、必须9忍受10只要11关掉12穿上，上演13扑灭14代替;而不是15开大（声音）;提高2 和某人或某事物相比3 发生；造成；（风向）起变化1 把比作4 产生；导致5 由.引起产生6 只要；如果1 compare to2 compare with3 come about4 result in（结果）=cause lead to5 result from(起因)=as a result of because of6 so long as on condition that provided(that)=providing(that)only if if归纳拓展comparewith 把.与.相比，
4、表示两者相比较。compare.to 可表示把谋物比作.，表示比喻意义不可用with。1._with the size of the whole earth,the bigger ocean doest seen big at all.A.compare B.when comparinC.comparing D.when compared大量的（1）可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词a lot of=lots ofa quantity of=quantities ofa mess of=messes of(2)只修饰可数名词时用many;a great/large number(numbers)of
5、 A good many(后面没有of)many a(后接单数名词，其谓语动词也用单数形式)（3）只修饰不可数名词时用a great/large amount(amounts)of;a great/good deal of muchrenewable adj 能再生的可再生的renew v 更新，恢复，重新开始Tips 1 re-是一个动词前缀，表示“新”“再”e.g.:recycle 回收rewrite 改写reform 改革refine 精练retell 复述recover 恢复2 able-是一个 形容词后缀表示“可的”“能的”acceptable 可接受的，可理解的respectabl
6、e 值得尊敬的1.destruction n.U破坏，毁坏，毁灭destroyvt.毁灭，毁坏destructive adj.毁灭性的；有害指点迷津destroy指十分彻底的“破坏”，常含“很难或不能修复”之意。damage损坏”，意味着损坏后价值或效率低，一般是部分性的完成句子1.My mother is right_不要为了苗条动人的身材毁了自己的健康。2.The building _ (被大火彻底烧毁了）。单项填空3.His house escaped_in the big fire.A.destructions B.damagesC.destruction D.destructiveD
7、ont damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.was destroyed by fire cu结果；影响；重要；要紧常 见 结 构be of no/little great/much+consequence不/非常重要常见搭配 as a consequence(of.)结果由于.effect 指由于某种行动、原因等直接产生的结果或效果为cause反义词The effect of disregarding traffic is a number of accident.consequence指由于某事所产生的或继之而起的后果，但不
8、一定有密切的或直接的因果关系：They now enjoy democracy as a consequence of the defeat of their country.result指某种行为或原因的effect或consequence乃最终的结果:the result of the general electionconsequence consequence n.后果，影响；重要性后果，影响；重要性consequentconsequentadj.跟随发生的；由跟随发生的；由而起的而起的consequentlyconsequentlyadv.结果；因此；所以结果；因此；所以归纳拓展in
9、 consequence(of)结果；因而as a consequence of 由于 的结果be of much/any/no consequence 有很大（任何，无）重要性完成句子完成句子1.If you behave so foolishly,you must1.If you behave so foolishly,you must be ready_ be ready_ (自食其果自食其果).).2.He may be_2.He may be_(_(在他自己的村中是在他自己的村中是 一个重要人物）一个重要人物）,but he is nobody here.,but he is nob
10、ody here.句型转换句型转换3.He was badly injured as a result of careless 3.He was badly injured as a result of careless driving.(driving.(改为同义句）改为同义句）.to take the consequences a man of much consequencein his own villageHe was badly injured as a consequence ofHe was badly injured as a consequence of careless
11、driving.careless driving.(1)As a result of his laziness,he was fired.As a result of his laziness,he was fired.As_ his laziness,he As_ his laziness,he was dismissed.was dismissed.(2)We hasn(2)We hasnt enough money to pay our bus fare t enough money to pay our bus fare,and as a result we had to walk.,
12、and as a result we had to walk.We hadnWe hadnt enough money to pay our bus fare,t enough money to pay our bus fare,and_ we had and_ we had to walk.to walk.a consequence ofa consequence ofin consequence in consequence(1)_your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.A In consequence of B Because C As cons
13、equence D In account of(2)Is it _to you that the government has lost the election?A of much important B of much consequenceC of very importance D of many consequences5.range n.排，行，系列；范围，幅度；山脉；射程；vt.&vi.排列成行；延伸；变化；论及，涉及归纳拓展in/within/out of/beyond range 在射程内（外）range from to 在范围内变化rangen 从到各种种类可供选择的范围，
14、可加不定冠词，beyond the range of 超越范围out of ones range 某人达不到的常用于range from to/between and从到不等range 指凭心理感觉所能理解或领悟的范围，或机械力量的运用所能达到的范围：Many stars are out of the range of the telescope.reach 指伸手可达到的范围，或某种效果影响所及的范围Riches and fame are above our reach.(1)1 It was still _range of my gun,I didnt want to shoot at i
15、t any longer.A out of;but B beyond;however C within;but D on;so(2)2 Sentences today range _5 or 6 words_70,with the majority not far from 20.A from;and B from;to C between;to D between;but 1.他兴趣广泛从下国际象棋到溜冰He has a wide _ _ interests,_ _chess to skating.2.这件事我的能力办不到It is beyond _my ability.range ofra
16、nging fromthe range of单项填空1.The new technology has opened up a very wide_of possibilities.A.range B.extent C.number D.collection完成句子2.The childrens ages_。(孩子们的年龄在5到15岁之间)range from 5 to 15glance vglance atnat a glance 乍看之下，look是为了看，把视线转向目标look at the blackboardstare指由于吃惊、好奇、恐怖而睁大眼睛，目不转睛的看,有时为不礼貌行为Th
17、e girl stared at the strangers.glare是以强烈的敌意或怒气威吓般的注视,glance指很快的看一看。She glanced at the boy.完成句子1.I_(一眼就可以看出）that something was wrong.2.He _（匆匆看了一下她的脸).单项填空3.She_shyly at the young fellow from behind.A.glared B.glanced C.stared D.gazed4.They stood_at each other as if they were enemies.A.staring B.glan
18、cing C.glaring D.lookingcould tell at a glancetook a quick glance at her faceenvironmental adj.环境的；environment n.环境迷津指点environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，往往从环境对人的感受、观念及道德的影响着眼。surrounding 专指周围的环境，从周围的事物着眼,用复数。1.A childs character is greatly influenced by his home_.A.case B.environment C.situation D.surround
19、ing2.The children grew up_(在美丽的环境中长大，但是缺少一个幸福的家庭环境）in beautiful surroundings but notin a happy home environmentPhenomenon n pl 现象phenomena奇迹罕见的人才或事物 phenomenons(1)Its just a natural phenomenon.(2)Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply as a social phenomenon.Beethoven was a phenomenon among
20、musicians1 The eclipse of the moon is a rare _.(现象)A phenomenon B phenomena C phenomenons D phenomenas.state 1 v声明+n/+that从句 stated statingHe has publicly stated his support for the policy.他已公开声明支持那项政策。The stated facts disgreed with what actually happened.所宣布的事实与实际发生的不符。.n 状态 情况 国家，州It is our though
21、ts that determine our states of mind.She was in a terrible state when we arrived.adj国家的The railways were once privately owned,but are now under state control.铁路一度是属于私营，但现在由国家管制。All matters has three _.She is in a poor _ of health.A confused _ of mindThey are trying to makeliving_ better.She helped i
22、mprove prison_ and gave prisioners work and education.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous_.statesstatestateconditionsconditionssituations(1)The US _war on Irap without the agreement of the UN.A declared B stated C pronounced D claimed (2)She is in a poor _of health,which worrie
23、s her mother much.A position B situation C state D condition(3)The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US in a difficult_.A situation B background C case D occasion（1)_（按 照 以 上 规 定），the gerund is the“ing”form of the verb used as a noun.(2)_（服 装 的 状 态）indicated too clearly that he had been pla
24、ying football.（3）The Prime Minister visits the Queen once a week to discus_(国家大事)(4)The President of the US will make _（正式访问）As stated aboveThe state of his clothesaffairs of the state/stateaffairsa state visitsubscribevi.同意；捐赠；订阅vt.（签署）文件；捐助常用结构：subscribe to.subscribe sth.to.He did not subscribe to
25、 my proposal.He subscribed a large sum to the relief fund.He subscribed his name to a petition.同意，赞许;（在文件等下面）签名，署名捐助他不赞同我的建议。他向救济基金捐赠巨资。他在请愿书上签名。tendvt.&vi.（常与to连用）有某种倾向；有的趋势；走向；趋向；朝向；照管，照料；看护People under stress tend to express their full range of potential.He tends to pitch the ball too high.Prices
26、 are tending upward.The woman stayed at home to tend her child.处于压力下的人容易发挥自己全部的潜力。他往往把球掷得过高。物价在上涨。那个妇女呆在家里照料她的孩子。单项填空 I never forget the days when I wasby the villagers when I was wounded.Tended B.observed C.monitored D.CaredAopposevt.反对；反抗；对抗；（与to连用）使反对，使相对Many members of the council opposed the bu
27、ilding of the luxury houses in the centre of the city.My mother is opposed to the new plan.Many residents are opposed to the plan of building the motorway.常用结构：be opposed to（表示对比）而，相对于许多议会议员反对在市中心建造豪华型住宅。我妈妈是反对这个新计划的。许多居民反对修建那条高速公路的计划。averageadj.平均的；普通的n.平均;平均数The average age of the boys in this cla
28、ss is fifteen.It was an average piece of work.The average man is not interested in this subject.这个班男生的平均年龄为十五岁。那是一件普通的作品。普通人一般对这个题目不感兴趣。常用结构：on average 平均地；通常 above/below average 高于/低于平均数/水平 an average of.的平均数 up to average 达到平均数 The average of 4 and 8 is 6.4和8的平均数为6。Two students are absent each day
29、 on average.平均每天有两个学生缺席。quantities of意思是“大量的”，既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。Quantities of apples were on the table.Huge quantities of oil were shipped to Japan last year.联想拓展in quantity/in large quantities 大量的in small quantities 少量的去年大量的石油被海运到日本。result in导致;结果是（相当于lead to）Their dispute resulted in war.The ac
30、cident results in the death of two passengers.His carelessness resulted in the accident.联想拓展result from 起因于；由造成as a result 结果；因此as a result of 作为的结果；因为 他们的争端导致了战争。事故导致两名乘客死亡。他的粗心导致事故的发生。高手过招用result in/result from的适当形式填空The traffic accident a lot of death and the destruction of several vehicles.The illnessexhaustion possibly.The injure a fall kept him in bed for months.resulted inresulted fromresulting from
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