1、考点分类练(八)主旨大意题标题归纳类A(2021山东济宁一模)During a decline in tourism, one national park in Thailand has seen a dramatic rise in “visitors” recently. So many are the hermit crabs(寄居蟹) flooding into the otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become in short supply. The Thai go
2、vernment moved quickly to ease the housing shortage, launching a public appeal for empty shells that netted over 200 kg. On December 5 these were distributed around the park in a ceremony. Hermit crabs rely on shells to protect their soft bodies, moving to larger shells as they grow. On Koh Lanta an
3、d the surrounding smaller islands, their rapid increase seems to be a natural phenomenon, rather than directly related to the absence of tourists. But the shortage of shells may be man-made: pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods. Crabs begun to make do with potential death-traps su
4、ch as plastic caps and bottles. The shell drive is part of a government initiative to regain the balance of nature.“I have instructed all national parks to do whatever it takes,” says the minister for natural resources. His inspiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by the epidemic. A ba
5、n on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover, bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches. In the coastal provinces of Phang Nga and Phuket, turtles have laid the largest number of eggs for 20 years. The government has decided to try to
6、copy the policy during the epidemic in future. From now on, all national parks will be required to close for a short period during the off-season and to limit the number of tourists through a reservation system when they are open. Although such restrictions mean reduced earnings from tourism in the
7、short term, in the longer run more parks may help to keep the tourists coming. 1.What happened to the beaches of Koh Lanta recently? A.They got flooded by seawater. B.They became completely empty. C.They were packed with hermit crabs. D.They saw a constant stream of tourists. 2.What contributed to t
8、he housing shortage for hermit crabs? A.Natural disasters. B.Human activities. C.Their preference for bottles. D.The governments involvement. 3.Why are turtles mentioned in paragraph 4? A.To warn turtles are dying out. B.To prove beaches are their ideal habitats. C.To stress the ecological diversity
9、 of Thailand. D.To illustrate the birth of the ministers inspiration. 4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Developing Economy or Protecting Animals? B.Closing National Parks or Drawing More Visitors? C.Governments Are Responsible for the Balance of NatureD.Authorities Help
10、to Find Shelters for Homeless Hermit CrabsB(2021山东烟台一模)Many teachers believe frequent quizzes(小测验) help students better grasp classroom material. Crede, an associate professor of psychology, was skeptical that something as simple as a quiz could positively affect students academic performance. He de
11、cided to dig deeper and conduct an analytic study of existing research to see if there was any proof of the idea. What he discovered truly surprised him. Crede analysed data from previously published studies that examined 52 classes with almost 8,000 students, to determine if frequent quizzes improv
12、ed the students academic performance. Laboratory settings were kept out of the study because Crede wanted to observe whether similar studies from labs would apply to general classrooms. Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over classroom material at least once a week, they tended to perf
13、orm better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes. He also found that students who took frequent quizzes were less likely to fail the class, especially if they were struggling with the course content. Students who struggled the most in a class seemed to benefit the
14、greatest from frequent quizzes. The other surprising thing was how much quizzes helped reduce failure rates in classes. The chances of passing a class went through the roof where instructors used this. In addition to quiz frequency, another factor that seemed to positively affect students performanc
15、e was immediate feedback from instructors. Also, quizzes that required students to answer with written responses proved more beneficial to their understanding of classroom material compared to multiple-choice questions. Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may discourage some fro
16、m carrying them out in their classes. Instead, it is recommended that instructors give online quizzes that can be automatically graded by a course management system. Quiz attributes(属性) proved insignificant in the study, including whether the tests were pop quizzes or planned, or if they were online
17、 or on paper. 5.What did Crede do to ensure his studys accuracy? A.He focused on what happened in classrooms. B.He researched as many students as he could. C.He made laboratory settings as real as possible. D.He gave easy quizzes to make every student do well. 6.What did Crede discover in his study?
18、 A.Frequent quizzes could remove students failure in classes. B.Instructors feedback was more important than frequent quizzes. C.Frequent quizzes were especially useful to the struggling students. D.Multiple-choice questions shouldnt be included in frequent quizzes. 7.What may be a disadvantage of f
19、requent quizzes for teachers? A.Accessing the Internet less frequently. B.Having too many exam papers to mark. C.Being unable to get appropriate test material. D.Finding it hard to choose the right type. 8.Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A.Quizzes Stimulate a Passion for C
20、reationB.Quizzes Improve Academic PerformanceC.Quizzes Create a Heavy BurdenD.Quizzes Increase BoredomC(2021安徽安庆高三二模)Becoming a parent brings out the best in many animals. Although parenting is usually left to the females, the males from many species will also care for the offspring. Take anemone fi
21、sh(海葵鱼) for example. Despite their smaller size, the males help the females defend the nest, but only the males take care of it. They use their fins as fans to provide a constant flow of oxygen and keep the surroundings clean. They also put a lot of effort into the nest. The eggs take about five day
22、s to hatch. During this important period, the males fan them to provide oxygen and remove the rubbish. They also pick up the eggs in their mouths and move them around to remove any bacteria. One of the biggest threats comes from female sticklebacks(刺鱼), who form organised groups and attack the nests
23、 to eat all the eggs. The males defend the newborn fish and bring back the ones who move too far from the nest. Once the fish grow up, they become a little bit more independent and start to swim away. The dad swims after them, picks them up in his mouth, and spits them back into his nest. Eventually
24、, he gets to the point where he cant keep track of them and thats when they separate. Doting(宠爱的) fathers are not restricted to the world of fish. In some poison frog species, the dads also warn the mums when the young ones are hungry and need to be fed. 9.What does the underlined word “offspring” i
25、n paragraph 1 probably mean? A.Children. B.Relatives. C.Friends. D.Colleagues. 10.What can we infer about the male anemone fish? A.They take full responsibility for building the nest. B.They are much larger than the female anemone fish. C.They are actually extremely excellent fathers. D.They frequen
26、tly make attacks on other animals. 11.What does it mean when the dad cant track its young fish? A.The dad cant tend to the young fish. B.The young fish are already independent. C.The living environment is worse. D.The dad is in a state of aging. 12.What can be the best title for the text? A.The Mode
27、l Father in the Animal KingdomB.The New Role of the Male Anemone FishC.The Really Caring Caregivers in LifeD.A Strange Phenomenon in Nature考点分类练(八)主旨大意题标题归纳类【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在泰国旅游业下滑期间, 寄居蟹数量暴涨, 政府向公众发出呼吁, 要求提供净重超过200公斤的空壳给寄居蟹居住。1.C解析:细节理解题。根据第一段的 “So many are the hermit crabs flooding into the
28、otherwise empty beaches of Koh Lanta that shells for them to live in have become in short supply.” 可知, Koh Lanta海滩挤满了寄居蟹。故选C项。2.B解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的 “But the shortage of shells may be man-made: pretty ones have long been gathered to be sold as goods.” 可知, 是人类活动导致了寄居蟹的住房短缺。故选B项。3.D解析:推理判断题。根据第四段的 “His in
29、spiration comes from the pause in tourism brought on by the epidemic. A ban on international visitors and the closure of national parks have helped nature recover, bringing endangered leatherback turtles back onto Thai beaches.” 可知, 他的灵感正是来源于这次的海龟拯救行动, 所以提到海龟是为了说明其灵感的来源。故选D项。4.D解析:标题归纳题。第一段提到旅游业下滑期间
30、, 许多寄居蟹涌入原本空旷的Koh Lanta海滩, 结果供它们居住的贝壳变得供不应求; 第二段提到为了解决贝壳短缺的问题, 泰国政府向公众发出呼吁, 要求提供净重超过200公斤的空壳; 第三段提到人类活动导致寄居蟹所需的贝壳短缺; 第四段提到政府贝壳行动的目的和灵感来源; 最后一段提到泰国政府已经决定在未来尝试复制疫情期间的政策, 使旅游业短暂休息以恢复生态。本文是一篇新闻报道, 所以D项 “当局帮助无家可归的寄居蟹寻找庇护所” 最适合做标题。故选D项。【帮你拓知识】必背单词closure n.停业; 关闭重点语块flood into. 涌入in short supply 短缺; 紧缺the
31、 off-season 淡季in the short term 短期内【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章提到一项研究发现, 经常进行小测验会对学生的成绩有积极的影响。5.A解析:细节理解题。根据第二段的 “Laboratory settings were kept out of the study because Crede wanted to observe whether similar studies from labs would apply to general classrooms.” 可知, 为确保研究的准确性, Crede排除了实验室环境下的研究资料, 而关注学生在课堂上的表现
32、。故选A项。6.C解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的 “He also found that students who took frequent quizzes were less likely to fail the class, especially if they were struggling with the course content. Students who struggled the most in a class seemed to benefit the greatest from frequent quizzes.” 可知, 频繁的小测验对那些学习有困难的学生尤其有用。
33、故选C项。7.B解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的 “Asking teachers to grade written quizzes daily or weekly may discourage some from carrying them out in their classes.” 可知, 要求老师每天或每周给笔试打分而产生的工作量可能会阻碍一些老师在课堂上实施这些做法。故选B项。8.B解析:标题归纳题。根据第一段的 “He decided to dig deeper and conduct an analytic study of existing research to see if
34、 there was any proof of the idea.” 和第三段的 “Crede discovered that when students were quizzed over classroom material at least once a week, they tended to perform better on midterm and final exams compared to students who did not take quizzes.” 可知, 本文主要讲述了Crede经过研究证明, 经常进行小测验会对学生成绩有积极的影响, 因此B项是最佳标题。故选B
35、项。【帮你拓知识】重点语块associate professor 副教授academic performance 学业表现failure rate 失败率quiz frequency 测试频率immediate feedback 及时反馈【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章以雄性海葵鱼为例, 讲述了有的雄性动物也会不遗余力地照顾后代。9.A解析:词义猜测题。根据画线词前一句 “Although parenting is usually left to the females, the males from many species will also care for the offspring
36、.” 可推测, 画线词意为 “后代, 孩子”。故选A项。10.C解析:推理判断题。第二段提到雄性海葵鱼帮忙保护巢穴, 给巢穴提供源源不断的氧气并保持周围环境的清洁; 第三段提到雄性海葵鱼在卵孵化期间保持卵的清洁, 保护它们不被吃掉; 第四段提到雄性海葵鱼保护刚出生的幼鱼, 并把那些离巢太远的幼鱼带回来。由以上信息可推知, 雄性海葵鱼实际上是非常优秀的父亲。故选C项。11.B解析:细节理解题。根据第四段的 “Once the fish grow up, they become a little bit more independent and start to swim away. The da
37、d swims after them, picks them up in his mouth, and spits them back into his nest. Eventually, he gets to the point where he cant keep track of them and thats when they separate.” 可知, 这意味着幼鱼长大并独立了。故选B项。12.A解析:标题归纳题。根据全文内容, 尤其是第一段 “Becoming a parent brings out the best in many animals. Although parenting is usually left to the females, the males from many species go above and beyond to care for the offspring. Take anemone fish for example.” 可知, 文章以雄性海葵鱼为例, 讲述了雄性动物也会不遗余力地照顾后代, 因而A项 “动物王国里的模范父亲” 是最佳标题。故选A项。【帮你拓知识】必背单词(熟词生义) fan v.扇(风)restricted adj.受限制的重点语块put a lot of effort into. 非常努力
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