1、1Part Developing ideas2Little White Lies(1)Written more than two hundred years ago，these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry：Oh，what a tangled web we weave，When first we practise to deceive!(2)We all know that honesty is an important value and that lyi
2、ng is wrong，but who can honestly say that theyve never told a lie?Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge(3)that most of the lies we tell are“white lies”：little lies that we tell to protectothers from the truth.3Weve all surely had the experience of someone(4)cooking a meal for us that we do
3、nt like.The majority of us of course dont tell the truthwe lie and say that the food is“delicious”.Or if a friend asks us what we think of their new haircut，we say“Its great！”，even if we think its awful.But(5)to what extent can we justify telling white lies like these?One of the main reasons for tel
4、ling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.However，(6)when we lie and say that someones haircut looks good，or when we say that we love a meal that we secretly hate，are we really hoping to improve the situation for someone else?Perhaps we are in fact lying to protect ourselves from the dis
5、appointment and anger of others.4Another reason for telling a white lie is to give encouragement.Say for example that your friend asks you what you think of his singing.You of course say that its wonderful，despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better.Stop for a moment and consider that pe
6、rhaps your friend wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve.Orperhaps，they need to know that they should look for a different hobby.Finally，we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.If youve had a bad day，do you tell your parents about it，or do you h
7、ide your tears and lie that your day was“fine”？(7)If the latter，dont you think your parents would want to listen to you and understand your feelings？Wouldnt it be better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice?5Going back to Walter Scotts lines，we may find even white lies have resu
8、lts we cannot know in advance.Perhaps(8)the meal you said was“delicious”will be servedevery time you visit.Would your friend trust your opinion again if he found out you had lied about his“wonderful”singing?How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if you only shared good news in
9、stead of bad?Moreover，how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you?6(1)Written过去分词短语作状语，by Walter Scott介词短语作定语。(2)but连接前后两个并列句，前一分句中and连接两个that.引导的并列宾语从句，且第二个引导词that不省略；后一分句中that引导的从句作say的宾语。(3)that引导同位语从句，解释说明knowledge的内容，从句中we tell是定语从句，省略了
10、关系代词that或which，先行词是the lies；第二个we tell也是定语从句，省略了关系代词that which，先行词是the lies。(4)cooking a meal为现在分词短语作定语修饰someone，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a meal。7(5)to what extent到什么程度。(6)or连接两个并列句when和when，第一个从句中that引导宾语从句，第二个从句中第二个that引导定语从句在定语从句中作宾语，修饰先行词a meal。(7)If the latter为省略句，完整的句子为If it is the latter。dont you thin
11、k.是否定疑问句。(8)本句为主从复合句，主句中the meal是先行词，you said是定语从句，之前省略了关系代词that/which。every time引导时间状语从句。8line n.诗行，句子remain vi.保持，仍是excerpt n.摘录，节选poetry n.诗歌，诗集tangled adj.缠结的，复杂的web n.网状物practise vt.练习honesty n.诚实value n.价值9honestly adv.诚实地tell a lie 说谎comfort.with.用宽慰protect.from.保护免受surely adv.一定experience n.
12、经验cook v.烹调；烧煮majority n.大多数truth n.事实，真相delicious adj.美味的10111213Step Factual readingRead the text carefully and choose the best answer.1.According to the passage，which of the following sentences is right?A.The author thinks perhaps there is such a person who never tells a lie.B.Sometimes we tell a
13、 white lie in order not to make others get angry with us.C.It isnt better to respect their concern for you and ask for their advice.D.We can always know others are telling a white lie.142.Why can we tell a white lie?To make others feel betterNot to let others know something badTo give courage to oth
14、ersTo avoid troubleA.B.C.D.3.Whats the meaning of the word“awful”？A.beautifulB.terribleC.suitableD.curly154.The text mainly talks about _.A.If you lie，you will lie again for the former oneB.A white lie can bring much trouble to us and you will lie for former onesC.No one never tells a lieD.A white l
15、ie is sometimes good.But it can bring much trouble to us and you will lie for former ones答案1.A2.C3.B4.D16Step Cloze testFill in the blanks according to the text.These lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry：Oh，what a tangled web we weave，When first we prac
16、tice to deceive!Most of the lies we tell are“white lies”and they are little lies that we tell to protect others 1._ the truth.from17Weve all surely had the experience 2._ someone cooks a meal for us that we dont like.The majority of us lie and say that the food is“delicious”.Or if a friend asks us w
17、hat we think of their new haircut，we say“Its great！”One of the main reasons 3._ telling a white lie is to try to make others feel better.Another reason is 4._(give)encouragement.5._，perhaps your friends wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve.Orperhaps，they need to know that they
18、 should look for a different hobby.thatforto giveHowever18Finally，we may also tell a white lie 6._(protect)others from bad news.If youve had a bad day，do you tell your parents about it，or do you hide your 7._(tear)and lie that your day was“fine”？Wouldnt it be better to respect their concern for you
19、and ask for their advice?8._(go)back to Walter Scotts lines，we may find even white lies have results we cannot know 9._ advance.Your friend will not trust your opinion again 10._ he found out you had lied about his“wonderful”singing?How would you expect others to truly understand your emotions if yo
20、u only shared good news instead of bad?Moreover，how would you feel if you discovered that the people closest to you had been hiding the truth from you?to protecttearsGoinginif191.tear n.眼泪If youve had a bad day，do you tell your parents about it，or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was“fin
21、e”？(教材P9)如果你有一天过得很糟糕，你会告诉你的父母吗？或者你会隐藏你的眼泪，谎称你过得很好吗？20We finally forgave him when he expressed his regret with tears.当他含泪表达他的悔恨时，我们最终原谅了他。Why did you tear out the back pages of the new book?为什么你把这本新书的后面几页都撕掉了？Helen ran out of the classroom in tears，but no one knew why she was so sad.海伦流着泪冲出了教室，但没人知道她
22、为什么如此地伤心。21单句语法填空/补全句子The workmen tore _ the old house and built a new one in its place.When James heard of the news by telegraph，he cried Lous name in _.She was so angry that she tore _ the letter the moment she had read it.The first pages of this book _ by someone.这本书的前几页被人撕掉了。He was so angry that
23、 he _ that check _.他生气的把支票撕成碎片。downtearsupwere torn outtoreinto pieces22单词一族tear v.撕裂；撕碎；撕开；扯破用法总结(1)in tears 流泪地with tears 含泪地burst into tears 突然哭起来23(2)tear down 拆毁tear up 撕毁，撕碎，连根拔起tear out 撕下，撕掉tear in/to/into pieces 把撕碎名师提醒tear作名词是可数名词，常用复数形式。242.independent adj.独立的The more independent you are，
24、the better your life will be.(教材P11)你越独立，你的生活会越好。You should learn to be independent of your parents.你应该学习不要依赖父母。A good education is the only way to success and independence.良好的教育是通往成功与自立的唯一道路。Find a job and end your dependence on your parents.找个工作，别再依赖你的父母了。Success in study mainly depends on one s o
25、wn efforts.学习成功主要靠自己努力。25单句语法填空Older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent _ their children.I always placed a lot of _(depend)on what she says.Were going _(depend)from the university and setting up our own group.ondependenceindependent26一句多译既然你已是个大学生了，就应当学着独立
26、，不靠父母的帮助。Now that you are a college student，you should learn _ your parents help.Now that you are a college student，you should learn _ your parents help.to be independent ofnot to depend on27单词一族independence n.独立dependent adj.依靠的；依赖的；从属的dependence n.依赖；信赖；上瘾depend vi.依赖；依靠；取决于用法总结be independent of 独
27、立的，与无关的be dependent on 依靠，依赖；依赖depend on 取决于，视而定；依靠，依赖；信赖，相信283.apart adv.分离，分开As soon as they started to get closer，they hurt each other with their quills，so they had to move apart.(教材P11)它们一开始靠近就互相用羽毛刺伤了对方，所以不得不分开。If youre ready to forgive me，then nothing can tear us apart，I promise.如果你已经准备原谅我了，那么
28、没有任何东西可以将我们分开，我保证。He was standing a bit apart from the rest of us，watching us.他正和我们其余人分开一点站着，看着我们。It was the first time Jane and I had been apart for more than a few days.这是我和简第一次分开超过了几天。29补全句子When the clock stopped he _，found what was wrong，and put the whole thing together again.钟停了之后他把它拆开，找出了问题，然后
29、又全部装好了。_ my academic studies，I always manage to find time for what Im interested in.除了我的学科学习之外，我还总是设法找到时间学习我所感兴趣的。You can _ by this mark on my face.你可以从我脸上的疤痕分辨出我和我的孪生兄弟。took it apartApart fromtell my twin brother and me apart30单词一族apart adj.分开的；分离的用法总结apart from 除之外；除了之外(还有)take.apart 将拆卸开，拆分tell.a
30、part 分辨出，辨别tear apart 撕开，拆散名师提醒apart from 表示“除此之外都”时，相当于except，except for；表示“除了之外(还有)”时，相当于besides，in addition to。311.protect.from.保护不受(危害)Perhaps we comfort ourselves with the knowledge that most of the lies we tell are“white lies”：little lies that we tell to protect others from the truth.(教材P8)也许我
31、们会用这种认知安慰自己，我们说的大多数谎言都是“善意的谎言”：为了保护他人不受真相伤害而说的小谎言。Ways must be found to prevent the poisonous gases from polluting the air.一定要找到办法阻止有毒气体污染空气。They have done much to protect the dam against the possible flood.他们花费了很大精力以防大坝受可能的洪水的袭击。32单句语法填空/补全句子Troops have been sent to protect aid workers _ attack.As
32、is known to us all，shoes play an important role in our life，for they can protect our feet from _(hurt).No one can _ leaving once we have made up our minds.一旦我们拿定主意，没人能够阻止我们离开。againstbeing hurtstop/keep/prevent us from33342.in advance 提前，预先Going back to Walter Scotts lines，we may find even white lies
33、 have results we cannot know in advance.(教材P9)回到沃尔特斯科特的台词，我们可能会发现，善意的谎言有我们无法事先知道的结果。Its cheaper if you book the tickets in advance.预定票要便宜一些。35补全句子Galileos ideas were well _ in which he lived.伽利略的思想远远超越了他所处的时代。_，this problem should not occur，but _ it does.从理论上讲，这个问题不应该发生，但实际它却发生了。in advance of the ag
34、eIn theoryin reality36短语记牢in theory 理论上in reality 事实上in brief 简而言之in order 有序地in public 公开地in silence 沉默地in return 作为报答371.Stop for a moment and consider that perhaps your friends wants some frank comments from you so that they can improve.(教材P9)停下来想一想，也许你的朋友想从你这里得到一些坦率的意见，这样他们就可以改进。【分析】so that“为了，以
35、便”，在句中引导目的状语从句。【拓展】引导目的状语从句的从属连词(1)in order that为了，以便(2)in case 以防(3)for fear that 以免，惟恐38Speak clearly so that they may understand you.讲清楚些，以便他们能理解你。He studied hard in order that he could pass the exam.他努力学习以便能考试及格。Shut the window for fear that it may rain.把窗子关上以防下雨。Take warm clothes in case the we
36、ather is cold.带上厚衣服以防天冷。【名师提醒】(1)so that引导目的状语从句时有时可省略so而只用that，有时也可只用so。(2)in case既可引导目的状语从句，也可引导条件状语从句。39同义句转换He got up early so as to catch the early bus.He got up early _ he could catch the early bus.He left an hour earlier for fear of missing the train.He left an hour earlier _ he might miss th
37、e train.Youd better take the keys in case of my being out.Youd better take the keys _ Im out.so that/in order thatfor fear thatin case402.Perhaps the meal you said was“delicious”will be served every time you visit.(教材P9)也许你说的“美味”的饭菜将会在你每次访问时都会提供。【分析】every time相当于each time，是名词短语用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“每当的
38、时候；每次”。【拓展】常见的可用作从属连词的名词短语还有：(1)each time 当的时候；每次the first time 第一次时(the)next time 下次时any time 任何时候(the)last time 上次时(2)the minute/moment/instant 一就41Every/Each time I see the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers.每当我在公园里看到这位老人时，他都在专注地看报纸。The first time I interviewed him，he looked a b
39、it nervous.我第一次采访他时，他看起来有点紧张。Next time you come，remember to bring along your sister.下次你来时，记着把你妹妹一块带来。Telephone me the moment(that)you get the results.你一有结果，马上给我打电话。【名师提醒】the first time用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“第一次时”。for the first time是介词短语，只能用作状语，意为“第一次”。42补全句子_ time I see him he either wants to either tell
40、me his trouble or borrow some money.每次我见到他，他不是向我诉苦，就是向我借钱。_ you come in，please close the door.下次你进来，请关门。_ we talked he said he needed another two days.上次我们谈话时他说他还需要两天。Every/EachNext timeThe last time43_ you come to London do look me up.你无论什么时候到伦敦来，一定要来看我。_ I saw her，she looked like an old woman.我第一次见到她时，她看上去像一个老太婆。Any timeThe first time44本节内容结束
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