1、专题14 任务型阅读（含答案解析）第一部分 题型解题技巧一、任务型阅读题型介绍任务型阅读是近几年在各地中考阅读试题中比较常见的题型。要求考生在阅读文章后能够对文章细节精准把握的一种读写结合能力检测的题型。二、任务型阅读题型做题技巧 还原句子类这种题型要求根据句意结构和上下文提示，选择合适的句子填空，使句意通顺，文意连贯。主要考查句意结构和单词形式，包括各种单词形式、动词的时态语态、非谓语动词等。这类题目难度不大，重点是掌握文意和语境，在正确理解的基础上选出正确的句子。五选五是常见的呈现形式，要求考生把句子还原到语篇中，考查的是学生的文本语篇分析能力，从而使上下文在语义，语法，结构上完整。技巧及
2、注意事项如下：1.判断挖空所处的位置：一般来讲位于句首通常是概括文章的总结性话语；文章中部通常是转折或者并列关系；文章末尾通常是总结段落或全文。2.根据连接词判断语境：连接词诸如but意味着上下文的语义关系出现转折，遇到此类情况就要弄得上下文说的是什么。而and等并列词语一般是描述前后两个或多个相似的事情。3.根据作者语气口吻推断：该类文章一般情况下主旨明确，有作者自己的态度倾向，所以做题时要看出作者持哪一方态度，不能选择有悖于作者思想的句子。回答问题类（1）快速通读课文，掌握文章大意。浏览完题目后，带着问题快速通读全文，对文章的大意有一个初步的了解，同时找到文章中的关键句，并确定第二遍细读的
3、重点部分，对于不影响理解和做题的部分可以一带而过，更不必在个别词上花时间。（2）提取有效信息，根据题目要求进行改写。在速度短文后，再回头看题后的问题。这时，能一锤定音的答案就先写好，不能马上确定的答案，根据第一遍速读时的印象到原文中找相关的信息，再进行推敲。尽管有相当的一部分题在原文中能找到答案，不需要推敲，但是大多数还是需要大家进行改写和重组的。（3）仔细推敲，认真复查做完题目后，要立足整体，将完成后的句子再通读一遍，看看所改写的句子是否流畅，语句是否通顺。同时还要照顾原文，看看答案是否与原文意义相符，时态一致。确保答案正确，大小写无误，语法正确，逻辑合理。完成句子或表格类阅读短文填空，即根
4、据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，提炼语言填空。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。综合任务类任务型阅读通常有回答问题型，判断正误型，阅读填空型，英汉互译型等题型，不仅考查学生阅读理解层面 能力，更加注重考查学生“写”的能力。阅读短文回答问题，即根据文章的表层意思进行深层次的推理判断，组织语言回答问题。首先要粗读文章了解大意，其次通过细读，理解全文。在粗读
5、的基础上，仔细阅读题后所给的题目，根据题目要求，再有重点地返回来仔细阅读。在阅读时要注意辨认和记忆具体事实，重要情节，事物的起因、过程、结果及发生的地点、时间等，这对题目的判断至关重要，需要考生综合所有的细节来理解把握。判断正误类“正误判断型阅读理解题”解题思路：（1）阅读原文，捕捉信息。理解大意。先通读原文，捕捉文中所提供的信息，抓住文章大意，理清全文脉络。（2）审读题目，找出相关的依据。读懂短文内容再读题目，把握每一个待判定句子的含义，通过寻读法在原文中找出每一个问题相关的段落与词句，然后依据短文内容对试题所给出的句子进行是非判断。（3）重读短文，逐题复核，检查无误。完成正误判断后必须将短
6、文重复一遍，以加深对短文的理解，在此基础上再对每一道题进行复查，对一些似是而非的句子，一定要重新认真识别。第二部分 任务型阅读专项训练一、回答问题 ADIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in the UK. Lots of stores and supermarkets sell DIY things. TV programs show people how to DIY.English people like DIY. Some started to do DIY in the 1960s. There is a saying
7、in the UK“An Englishmans home is his castle (城堡)”. About 5.6 million people spend their holidays making their homes beautiful “castles” every year. If there is anything that needs fixing around their homes, such as painting the walls or putting in a new shower, they will do the jobs themselves. They
8、 share DIY experience with their friends. More and more people enjoy the joy of DIY. Sometimes people also DIY to save money. With the economy (经济) becoming worse at present, many people dont have enough money to buy a big house. They are looking at how they can make their house better without spend
9、ing a lot of money. It is not surprising that DIY is so popular.DIY can be difficult. There is a huge market for DIY furniture. People need to get together pieces of furniture with a few basic tools. However, people often find it not easy to build a piece of furniture because they cant understand th
10、e instructions. Sometimes the instructions are simple and clear, but the furniture itself is difficult to build. One thing is for sure, though most DIY projects are started with the best ideas, many of them may not get finished. DIY can also be dangerous. For example, anything electrical should be d
11、one by a professional worker. Unluckily, many people dont care about this warning and put themselves in danger. It is reported that in just one year 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in the UK.Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money, but it is not always as easy as it looks. Ma
12、ybe factories should make products that are easier and safer for us to DIY. All in all, it is a very good and suitable thing for many people.1Is DIY quite popular in the UK?2When did people start to do DIY in the UK?3What do people need to get together pieces of furniture with?4How many people were
13、hurt while doing DIY in the UK in a year?5Why do people in the UK like DIY?BOne day, you open the fridge(冰箱) and find some moldy (发霉的) food. But before you can throw it away, your mother stops you. She doesnt want to waste food. She cuts off the moldy part and eats the rest. Is it safe to do this?Mo
14、ld can grow on almost all kinds of food. Mold is usually green, white, black or grey. Mold makes food soft and changes its color. Moldy food tastes quite bad and its not safe to eat.If you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. There is some water in soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot do
15、gs. This allows mold to easily grow. Bacteria (细菌) can also grow along with it.But its easy to remove(去除)mold from hard food. The mold cant grow very deeply inside this kind of food. Its OK to cut the moldy parts out of hard food and eat the rest. But if the food is completely covered with mold, you
16、 should still throw it away. Most kinds of mold is bad for us. But some kinds of mold can be used to make food. For example, penicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many kinds of cheese. The cheese is safe to eat and its quite delicious as well.6Why does the mother refuse to throw the moldy food away?
17、_7What color is mold? _8What should you do if you find mold in bread?_9Can the mold grow deeply inside hard food?_10What can penicillium (青霉菌) be used to make?_ C Whats the most popular movie this summer? Many say its Ne Zha.The film comes from the famous Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods (封
18、神演义). The novel was written over 500 years ago and Ne Zha was a rebellious (叛逆的) god in (A) it.The movie shows Ne Zha in his present (现今的) life. (B) Since he was a demon (魔王) in his past life, people think he is still bad. They hate him and even try to kill him. But Ne Zha doesnt give in. (C) He bel
19、ieves he can choose to be good or bad.Ne Zha is a hero. The small boy flies through the air, riding on the Wind Fire Wheels (风火轮). He has the Universe Ring (乾坤圈) around his body, the Red Armillary Sash (浑天绫) around his shoulders, and a Fire-tipped Spear (火尖枪) in his right hand. In both the old and n
20、ew stories, Ne Zhas fighting spirit (抗争精神) never goes away. Thats why people still love him today.11写出文中（A）处画线单词指代的内容。_12把文中（B）处画线句子翻译成汉语。_13把文中（C）处画线句子翻译成汉语。_14在文中找出两个描述哪吒的名词。_15找出或写出能体现文章大意的短语或句子。_D Can plants eat people? Probably not, but there are many plants that eat meat. Some of them are big,
21、 and they can eat small animals. One famous meat-eating plant is the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草).The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the US. Its leaves are like the pages of a book. They can open and close very quickly.Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs. If a fly (
22、苍蝇) touches one of the hairs, the leaf closes quickly. The fly cannot get out. After about half an hour, the leaf presses (压) the fly to make it die. Then, the plant covers the fly. Slowly, the plant eats the fly.Plants are living things that have leaves and roots and grows in earth. Most plants get
23、 what they need from the sun, the air, and the ground. In some places, the ground is very poor. It doesnt have all these important things, especially nitrogen(氮). Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen，so some plants eat it. Lets hope that some of the bigger plants dont get the same idea!16Where does the
24、 Venus flytrap grow?_17What do the plants leaves look like?_18How many small hairs are there inside the leaves?_19When does the leaf press the fly to make it die?_20Why do some plants eat animal meat?_二、多任务混合问题A http: /www funsportsclub. com /article 27Top five sports for childrenWhat sports do chil
25、dren like best? Fun Sports Club spoke to 75 children age 6-12 about their favorite sports in November. The children think that.Exercise helps them become strong and healthyThey feel happy when they do sportThey make new friends when they do sportLook at the bar chart to find out what sports the chil
26、dren love best.21How many children did Fun Sports Club speak to?ASix.BTwelve.CTwenty-seven.DSeventy-five.22Which is NOT true about the childrens ideas about sport?ASport makes them be happy.BSport makes them strong and healthy.CThey can learn new skills in every sport.DThey can become friends with o
27、thers when they do sport.根据调查信息，补全句子。23The same number of children like _ and _ best.24_ children like swimming best. BSixteen-year-old Amy White is on holiday with her family in San Diego, California, in the United States. Theyre staying at Blue Hotel. 25 The fourth member of their family, Martha,
28、is going to take a surfing class. But heres the unusual thing: Martha is a dog.At the hotel, dogs and cats are special guests(客人). For example, Martha stays in the same room with Amy and her parents. 26 At the hotel, cooks make special meals for dogs and cats. And for fun, the animals can go surfing
29、.27 For example, at hotels in Italy and Mexico, there are dining rooms for dogs and cats where they can eat special food. At the Devon Hotel in the UK, dogs can exercise. 28 The guests spend more money staying with their pets in the hotels. They usually spend $200 each night. 29 Martha is a part of
30、our family, says Amy White. When we travel, she comes with us.(a) 根据短文内容，将下面选项中的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺，每个选项只能用一次。AThere are many animal-friendly hotels around the world.BAfter lunch, Amy and her parents are going swimming in the hotel pool.CBut most hotel guests with pets are happy to pay.DAnd Martha
31、 also has her own bed.E. Then they can relax in a private(私人的) pool.(b) 根据短文内容，补全下面的语段， 每空不超过两词。Martha, a dog, is the fourth member of 30 family. She is staying in an animal-friendly hotel named 31. As a guest of the hotel, she can do something special. There are many such hotels 32 the world. Some
32、hotels in 33 and Mexico have dining rooms for pets. To stay in these hotels, guests usually need to pay 34 for their pets each night. Most of the guests are happy because they can travel with all the family members.参考答案1Yes.2In the 1960s.3A few basic tools.4230,000.5Because DIY can bring us fun and
33、help us save money.短文大意本文主要介绍了DIY的意义及它的优缺点，告诉人们DIY可以给我们带来乐趣，帮助我们省钱，但它并不总是像我们想象的那么容易，因此我们要量力而行。解析1根据“DIY, which means Do It Yourself, is quite popular in the UK”可知，DIY在英国相当受欢迎，故填Yes.2根据“Some started to do DIY in the 1960s”可知，英国人在20世纪60年代开始DIY，故填In the 1960s.3根据“People need to get together pieces of f
34、urniture with a few basic tools”可知，需要用一些基本的工具把家具组装起来，故填A few basic tools.4根据“It is reported that in just one year 230,000 people were hurt while doing DIY in the UK”可知，英国就有23万人在DIY时受伤，故填230,000.5根据“Therefore, DIY can bring us fun and help us save money”可知，因为DIY能给我们带来乐趣和帮助我们节省金钱，故填Because DIY can bri
35、ng us fun and help us save money.6Because she doesnt want to waste food.7Mold is usually green, white, black or grey./Green, white, black or grey.8We/I should throw it away./Just throw it away.9No, it cant./No.10It can be used to make many kinds of cheese./Many kinds of cheese.短文大意本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了食物上的
36、霉菌，大部分的食物因为有水，所以容易长霉菌，长霉的食物是不能食用的，但是青霉菌用来做各种各样的奶酪。解析6根据第1段“She doesnt want to waste food.”可知，妈妈是不想浪费食物。故填Because she doesnt want to waste food.7根据第2段“Mold is usually green, white, black or grey.”可知，霉菌通常是绿色，白色，黑色或者灰色。故填Mold is usually green, white, black or grey./Green, white, black or grey.8根据第3段“If
37、 you find mold in soft food, just throw it away. There is some water in soft food, such as bread, tomatoes or hot dogs.”可知，如果面包长霉菌了，要把它扔掉。故填We/I should throw it away./Just throw it away.9根据第4段“The mold cant grow very deeply inside this kind of food.”可知，霉菌不能在这种坚硬的食物里面长到很深。故填No, it cant./No.10根据第5段“pe
38、nicillium (青霉菌) can be used to make many kinds of cheese”可知，青霉菌用来做各种各样的奶酪。故填It can be used to make many kinds of cheese./Many kinds of cheese.11The famous Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods.12因为他的前世是一个魔王，人们认为他仍然是坏的。13他相信他可以选择成为好人或坏人。14A demon, a god, a hero.(任意两个)15Ne Zhas fighting spirit nev
39、er goes away. 短文大意短文主要介绍了今年夏天最受欢迎的电影哪吒。这部电影展示了哪吒现在的生活。由于他前世是个魔王，人们认为他仍然是坏的。他们恨他，甚至想杀了他。但是哪吒没有屈服。他相信：我命由我不由天。解析11根据前文提到“The film comes from the famous Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods .”这部电影来源于中国著名小说封神演义。“哪吒”是这部的主人公，可知这里的“it”指代the famous Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods，故答案为The famo
40、us Chinese novel The Investiture of the Gods.12观察句子，这里是Since“因为”引导的原因状语从句；in ones past“在某人的过去”； think“认为”；still“仍然”，故答案为：因为他的前世是一个魔王，人们认为他仍然是坏的。13观察句子，这里是省略that的宾语从句，believes“相信”；choose“选择”；to be“成为”；good or bad“好或者坏”，故答案为：他相信他可以选择成为好人或坏人。14根据“Ne Zha was a rebellious (叛逆的) god”哪吒是个叛逆的神；“he was a dem
41、on.”他是一个魔王；“Ne Zha is a hero.”哪吒是个英雄。故答案为A demon, a god, a hero.(任意两个)15短文主要介绍了哪吒这部电影，电影中的哪吒不屈服命运，相信：我命由我不由天。根据最后一段“In both the old and new stories, Ne Zhas fighting spirit (抗争精神) never goes away.”可知主语讲哪吒的战斗精神，故答案为Ne Zhas fighting spirit never goes away.16In dry parts of the US.17The pages of a book
42、18Three.19After about half an hour.20Because animal meat has much nitrogen. / Because it has much nitrogen.短文大意这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了生长在美国的干燥地区的捕蝇草，它是一种食肉植物。详细描述了它的捕食过程。最后分析了这些植物捕食动物的原因。解析16根据第二段“The Venus flytrap is a very strange plant. It grows in dry parts of the US”可知捕蝇草生长在美国干旱地区。故填In dry parts of the U
43、S.17根据第二段“Its leaves are like the pages of a book”可知捕蝇草的叶子看起来像一本书的书页。故填The pages of a book.18根据第三段“Inside the leaves, there are three small hairs”可知在捕蝇草叶子里面有三根小毛。故填Three.19根据第三段“After about half an hour, the leaf presses the fly to make it die”可知大约半个小时之后，叶子挤压苍蝇让它死亡。故填After about half an hour.20根据最后一
44、段“It doesnt have all these important things, especially nitrogen. Animal meat has a lot of nitrogen, so some plants eat meat to get what they need”可知因为有些植物需要氮，它们从动物的肉里获得氮。故填Because animal meat has much nitrogen. / Because it has much nitrogen.21D22C23 basketball ping-pong 2418短文大意本文是有关学生最喜欢哪项运动的一个调查
45、报告。解析21根据“Fun Sports Club spoke to 75 children age 6-12 about their favorite sports in November”可知，俱乐部采访了75名学生，故选D。22根据“Exercise helps them become strong and healthy”“They feel happy when they do sport”及“They make new friends when they do sport”可知，学生认为运动可以帮助他们变得强壮和健康，运动时感到开心，也会交到新朋友，C选项未提到，故选C。23根据表
46、格里的数据显示，可知，最喜欢篮球和乒乓球的学生一样多，故填basketball；ping-pong。24根据表格里的数据显示，可知，最喜欢游泳的学生最多，达到18人，故填18。25-29BDAEC30the Whites 31Blue Hotel 32in 33Italy 34200 dollars短文大意短文讲述了16岁的Amy White正在美国加州圣地亚哥与家人度假，详细介绍了一些宠物旅馆。解析25由空格下文“The fourth member of their family, Martha, is going to take a surfing class.”可知说的是家庭成员要做什么
47、，选项B“午饭后，艾米和她的父母要去酒店的游泳池游泳”符合情景。故选B。26由空格前文“For example, Martha stays in the same room with Amy and her parents.”可知说的是同住一个房间，选项D“玛莎也有自己的床”符合情景。故选D。27由空格下文“For example, at hotels in Italy and Mexico, there are dining rooms for dogs and cats where they can eat special food.”可知说的是动物友好型旅馆，选项A“世界上有很多动物友好
48、型旅馆”符合情景。故选A。28由空格前文“At the Devon Hotel in the UK, dogs can exercise.”可知说的是放松、锻炼，选项E“然后他们可以在一个私人的泳池里放松”符合情景。故选E。29由空格前句“They usually spend $200 each night.”可知说的是费用，选项C“但是大多数有宠物的酒店客人都很乐意付钱”符合情景。故选C。30根据“The fourth member of their family, Martha, is going to take a surfing class.”可知玛莎，一只狗，是怀特家的第四个成员。故
49、答案为the Whites。31根据“Sixteen-year-old Amy White is on holiday with her family in San Diego, California, in the United States. Theyre staying at Blue Hotel.”可知她住在一家动物友好型旅馆，名叫蓝色旅馆。故答案为Blue Hotel。32根据“There are many animal-friendly hotels around the world.”可知世界上有很多这样的旅馆。故答案为in。33根据“For example, at hotels in Italy and Mexico, there are dining rooms for dogs and cats where they can eat special food.”可知意大利和墨西哥的一些旅馆有宠物餐厅。故答案为Italy。34根据“The guests spend more money staying with their pets in the hotels. They usually spend $200 each night.”可知要住在这些旅馆里，客人通常需要为他们的宠物每晚支付200美元。故答案为200 dollars。
