1、第一部分选修8Unit 5.阅读理解(2020年海南省天一联考第三次模拟)An 80yearold man and his family may soon get a bill for the cost of his rescue mission.After an allnight search by rescuers, James Clark of Dublin, Ohio, was found “not moving and exhibiting what appeared to be signs and symptoms on low body temperature to the po
2、int of not being able to speak any clear words，” according to a statement.Rescuers wrapped him in a sleeping bag and carried him out about 1.7 miles to safety.Similarly, in 2015, a family of four received an about 8,500 bill after their daytime hike left them lost in the dark and requiring search an
3、d rescue(SAR)This raises an interesting question: Who pays for the cost when you get lost or injured in the great outdoors?The high cost of SAR missions is what prompted states like New Hampshire to pass laws that establish programs like Hike Safe to hold individuals more financially accountable for
4、 their rescues.However, some people have called for more strict laws to shift SAR costs off taxpayers.They say such a move would ultimately make people more responsible, but its a controversial idea.“Society rescues people all the time auto accident victims, home fire victims and at far greater cost
5、 than wilderness hiker rescues.” writes Backpacker.Critics say putting a price tag on SAR can cause people to hesitate before calling for help in emergency situations.But Heggie says this isnt actually the reason why the National Park Service doesnt charge for SAR.“If an agency such as NPS starts ch
6、arging the public for SAR costs, the agency essentially has to conduct SAR operations.If something goes wrong during the SAR operation, someone can lead to a lawsuit(起诉)”Both Heggie and Kupper say the best way people can avoid needing rescue is simply by being prepared, suggesting that people resear
7、ch hikes before they go pay attention to their surroundings, pack essential gear and not rely on a cellphone as a survival kit.“The best time to prevent SAR incidents is when people are still at home，” Heggie said.()1What state was James in when he was rescued?AHe lost his way home.BHe feared to mov
8、e alone.CHe was in danger of dying.DHe couldnt express himself.()2Why do some people support a price lag on SAR?ATo reward the rescuers.BTo reduce outdoor activities.CTo prevent hikers calling for help.DTo make hikers take responsibility.()3What makes NPS avoid charging for SAR?AThe possibility of b
9、eing charged.BThe heavy burden of medical costs.CThe difficulty in doing a SAR operation.DThe fear of doing fewer SAR operations.()4What is the most effective in avoiding a rescue need according to Heggie?APacking necessary things.BPreparing well in advance.CImagining accidents at home.DTaking a cel
10、lphone everywhere.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要介绍了谁该承担营救受困游客的救援费用，以及人们对此问题的不同看法。1D细节理解题。根据第一段的“James Clark of Dublin, Ohio, was found not moving and exhibiting what appeared to be signs and symptoms on low body temperature to the point of not being able to speak any clear words”可知，他被发现的时候， 已经不能清晰地说话了， 即不能清晰地表达自
11、己。故选D项。2D推理判断题。根据第三段的 “However, some people have called for more strict laws to shift SAR costs off taxpayers.They say such a move would ultimately make people more responsible ”可知：有些人呼吁更严格的法例，以转移纳税人在特区的负担，并表示这样的举动最终会让人们更负责任。由此可推知，这些人主张让旅行者承担费用，这样可以让他们为自己的行为负责任。故选D项。3A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“If an agency suc
12、h as NPS starts charging the public for SAR costs, the agency essentially has to conduct SAR operations.If something goes wrong during the SAR operation，someone could lead to a lawsuit(起诉)”可知：如果像NPS这样的机构开始向公众收取搜救费用，该机构就必须进行搜救行动。如果在搜救行动中出现问题，可能会导致有人诉讼。由此可推知，NPS不愿意收费就是害怕如果救援中出错会遭到起诉。故选A项。4B细节理解题。根据最后一
13、段可知， 避免搜救需要最好的办法就是时刻准备着，后半句提到了出发前需要做的各项准备，即最好的方法就是提前做好准备。故选B项。.语法填空(2021年山东省师范大学附属中学二模)I used to be so addicted to computer games that I had little time for study and thus fell behind and my 1_(fit) began to fail.My parents and teachers were greatly worried about me.It was 2_ my English teacher said
14、 to me that helped me 3_.She told me that I must have my own goal of life, or my future would be hopeless and that playing computer games 4_(be) fun but it would not guarantee me 5_bright future.I finally realized that I must set up a goal and work hard towards it right away.In the days that 6_(foll
15、ow), whenever I felt tired or had an urge 7_(play) computer games, I thought of my goal and soon regained strength.Now I turn out to be a vital and diligent student and I never miss a class.Apart from this, I am 8_ (enthusiasm) about helping the other students.After having got rid of the bad habits,
16、 I have a whole new world view.While 9_(return) to school every morning, I make up my mind to spare no effort to achieve my set goal and 10_(bright) the day of others.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在老师的帮助下戒掉网瘾的故事。1fitness考查名词。句意：我以前沉迷于电脑游戏，以至于几乎没有时间学习，因此落后了，我的健康也开始衰退。分析句子结构可知，空处需用名词作主语，fit的名词为fitness “健康”，不可数名
17、词。故填fitness。2what考查连接词。句意：是我的英语老师对我说的话帮助我摆脱了困境。空处需用连接词引导主语从句，连接词在从句中作动词said的宾语，空处需用连接代词what，表示说的具体内容。故填what。3out考查介词。句意：同上题。根据句意可知，此处是固定短语help sb.out “帮助某人摆脱困境”。故填out。4was考查主谓一致。句意：她告诉我，我必须有自己的人生目标，否则我的未来将是无望的，玩电脑游戏是有趣的，但并不能保证我有一个光明的未来。动名词短语“playing computer games”是句子的主语。故填was。5a考查冠词。句意：同上题。空处需用不定冠词
18、a/an，泛指“一个美好的未来”，bright是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以空处需用a。故填a。6followed考查时态。句意：在接下来的日子里，每当我感到疲倦或想玩电脑游戏时，我就会想到我的目标，很快就恢复了力量。根据空后“felt tired”可知，空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。故填followed。7to play考查不定式。have an urge to do sth.“很想做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to play。8enthusiastic考查形容词。句意：除此之外，我热衷于帮助其他同学。空处需用形容词作表语，be enthusiastic about “对热心”。
19、故填enthusiastic。9returning考查现在分词。句意：每天早上回到学校的时候，我都下定决心，要不遗余力地去实现自己的目标，让别人的一天充满阳光。空白处需用非谓语动词作状语，空白处动词return与主句主语之间是主动关系，所以空处需用现在分词returning作状语。故填returning。10brighten考查动词。句意：同上题。spare no effort to do sth.“不遗余力地做某事”，是固定搭配，此处and连接两个并列的宾语，所以空处需用动词原形brighten。故填brighten。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完
20、整的短文。(2021年广东省调研考试)Ariana caught another whiff(难闻的味道) and tried to hold her breath.She moved away slightly, but Ashley only moved closer and continued talking.Ariana felt trapped.She wanted badly to tell Ashley that she didnt smell very good.But how could she do that without hurting Ashleys feelings
21、? Instead, she gathered the remains of her lunch to throw into the trash, thankful for the excuse to get some fresh air.She looked back to see Ashley eating quietly.Ashleys hair was tangled(乱糟糟的), and her clothes were dirty.Ariana forced herself to go back to the table and take her seat, vowing(发誓)
22、that she would not sit with Ashley the next day.When Ariana got home from school, she complained to her mom, “Theres a girl named Ashley who likes to sit next to me in school, but she smells bad.”“Shes probably having a tough day，” said her mother.“No, its not just one day.She smells bad a lot，” Ari
23、ana explained.“Nobody else likes to sit next to her, either.”“I dont think you understand Ashleys situation, so let me ask you this” Her mothers tone was serious.“Who makes sure that your hair is combed every morning so youll look nice when you go to school？”“You do，” answered Ariana.“Who makes sure
24、 youre bathed and cleaned every day? And your clothes are washed and neatly ironed？”“You and Daddy，” Ariana said again.“Do you live in a nice home? Do you have enough to eat？”Ariana nodded, beginning to feel guilty.She was starting to understand now.Ashley couldnt help her situation because she was
25、only seven years old the same age as Ariana.Grownups are supposed to take care of kids.“Why doesnt her family take better care of her？” Ariana asked.“Not all children live in the best situation，” her mother said.“The best thing you can do for Ashley is to treat her with kindness and sympathy.”注意：续写词
26、数应为150左右。Ariana bit her bottom lip.Sadness for Ashley filled her heart._ _【答案】Ariana bit her bottom lip.Sadness for Ashley filled her heart. She vowed that from now on she would be the best friend that she could be to Ashley.At school, Ariana voluntarily sat next to Ashley.She partnered with Ashley
27、to help with her schoolwork.On the days that Ashley smelled bad, she moved away a little or politely asked Ashley for a little room.She was always careful not to hurt Ashleys feelings.At the end of the school year, the second grade prepared to go on a field trip to the zoo._【答案】At the end of the sch
28、ool year, the second grade prepared to go on a field trip to the zoo. The day before the trip, the teacher announced that the class needed to bring lunch from home.Ashley was absent, and Ariana worried that her friend would not have lunch because Ashley always ate the school lunch.Therefore, the next day, Ariana asked her mom to make an extra lunch for Ashleyjust in case.When Ariana got to school, she discovered that she had been right.Ashley had not brought any lunch for the field trip.When Ariana gave the lunch to Ashley, she saw tears well up in Ashleys eyes.
