1、教学 知识细解码UNIT1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT1_ vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)_ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitment n承诺；交托；信奉2_ adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的distinction n差别；区分；卓著3._ vt.承 认(属 实、权 威 等)；(公 开)感 谢acknowledgement n承认commitcommitteddistinctacknowledge4conclude vt.推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止_ n结论；推论；结束5.apparent adj.显而易
2、见的；显然的；表面上的_ adv.显而易见；看来；显然6.science n科学scientist n科学家_ adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的conclusionapparentlyscientific7._ n(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校_ adj.学业的；学术的8.object n物体；对象；宗旨_ n目标；目的 adj.客观的9.botany n植物学_ adj.植物学的academyacademicobjectivebotanical1defeat n失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜；使困惑；难住Our football team defeated theirs thi
3、s time._We had two defeats this year._This kind of problems always defeats me._vt.击败；战胜n失败；挫败vt.使困惑；难住2conclude vt.推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止The meeting concluded at ten oclock._When you didnt arrive,we concluded that the car had broken down._They concluded their research with these words._vi.结束；终止vt.推断出
4、vt.使结束3.boil vt.&vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n沸腾；沸点Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade._Boil some water for us,please!_Just before the milk comes to the boil,turn down the heat._vi.沸腾vt.煮开；烧开n沸腾；沸点4.obtain vt.(尤指努力)获得；赢得；学会 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行The custom still obtains in some districts._It is necessary to obtain t
5、he patients permission._He obtained a knowledge of Latin._vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行vt.(尤指努力)获得vt.学会Words and Phrases知识要点1 vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的(教材 P2)Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria.青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分例 1 His vital and cheerful manner filled the whole team with courage.他
6、那充满生机、欢快的态度使整个队伍充满了勇气。例 2 It is vital that we should be kept informed of all developments.重要的是我们必须熟悉所有的发展情况。知识拓展be vital to.对很重要It is vital to do sth.做某事是很重要的It is vital that.是十分重要的(that 从句中要用虚拟语气，即 should do,should 可以省略)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Consideration for other people is vital _ all of us.Its vital th
7、at we _(carry)out the operation immediately.It is vital _(protect)wild animals.旅游业对西班牙经济至关重要。Tourism _ to the Spanish economy.to(should)carryto protectis vital知识要点2 commit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)(教材 P2)Tu Youyou,a committed and patient scientist,was born in Ningbo,China，on 30 December
8、1930,and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.屠呦呦，一位坚定而有耐心的科学家，1930 年 12 月 30 日出生于中国宁波，1955 年毕业于北京大学医学院。例 1 We are committed to improving services.我们承诺改善服务。例 2 Nobody was prepared to commit themselves.谁都不愿作出承诺。知识拓展(1)commit.to 把送交/托付给；对作出承诺，承担义务，担负责任；使(自己)致力于commit oneself to do/t
9、o doing.承诺；保证做commit a crime 犯罪(2)committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的commitment n.承诺；委托；承担义务即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The boy _(commit)to the care of his aunt yesterday.He has committed himself _ the cause of education.He has committed himself _(support)them.The President is committed to _(reform)health care.不管怎样，她都不想
10、作出承诺。She didnt want _ one way or the other.was committedtoto supportreformingto commit herself小片段填空 Also,be totally _ what you do,as excellence is only possible with _此外，完全致力于你所做的事，因为只有完全付出才可能达到卓越。committed tocommitment知识要点3 evaluate vt.评价；评估(教材 P2)Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts,and
11、evaluated 280，000 plants for their medical properties.她的团队查看了 2 000 多本古老的医学文献，并对 28 万种植物的药用性能进行了评估。例 1 I cant evaluate his ability without seeing his work.我没有看到他的工作情况，无法评估他的能力。例 2 The school has only been open for six months,so its hard to evaluate its success.该学校仅开办了六个月，所以还很难估计它的成就。知识拓展(1)evaluate
12、sb.on/by根据评价某人(2)evaluation n.估计；评价make an evaluation of 对进行评估即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子We must evaluate her ability _ her work.We must _(evaluate)the consequences caused by the fire.We must make an _(evaluate)of the consequences caused by the fire.这项证据应当仔细地评定。The evidence should _on/byevaluateevaluationbe car
13、efully evaluated小片段填空 At present,there exist some problems in the _ of teachers.Schools should perfect the means of _ and improve _ level.当前教师评价中存在着一些弊端，学校应针对存在的问题，完善评价方法，提高评价水平。evaluationevaluationevaluating知识要点4 obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行(教材 P2)They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,a
14、nd using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.然后他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。例 1 Different laws obtain in different places.不同的法律存在于不同的地方。例 2 As far as Im concerned,what he had done obtained him respect.在我看来，他的所作所为为他赢得了荣誉。知识拓展obtain knowledge/ones degree 获得
15、知识/学位obtain sb.sth.obtain sth.for sb.给某人带来某物obtain sth.by doing sth.通过做某事获得某物obtain sth.from sb./sth.从某人/物获得某物即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 The value of a person can _(obtain)by relative evaluation.Her successful performance obtained great honour _ her.Details can be obtained _ the Department of Education.这种信息从互联
16、网上很容易获得。Such information _ the Internet.be obtainedforfromis easily obtained from知识要点5 acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢(教材 P2)However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦并不接受失败。例 1 He acknowledged having made a mistake.他承认做错了。例 2 I acknowledged him as an expert.我视他为专家。知识拓展(1)acknowledge(doi
17、ng/having done)sth.承认(做了)某事acknowledge sb./sth.to be/as承认某人/某物是acknowledge that.承认Its generally/universally/widely acknowledged that.大家公认(2)acknowledgement n.承认；感谢；谢礼即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换She is acknowledged _(be)one of the best singers in the world.With no solid evidence,he refused to acknowledge _(steal)
18、the ladys purse.I was sent a free copy in _(acknowledge)of my contribution.to bestealing/having stolenacknowledgementPeople widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall qualities._ students should be evaluated in terms of overall qualities.It is widely acknowledged that知识
19、要点6 (教 材 P2)She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她的结论是，煮沸青蒿显然破坏了它的医疗特性。(1)conclude vt.推断出；得出结论；使结束 vi.结束；终止例 1 We concluded not to wait any more.我们决定不再等了。例 2 The doctors concluded that he had suffered a stroke.医生诊断他中风了。知识拓展(1)conclude.from.从中推断出co
20、nclude(from sth.)that.(从某事中)推断出；(从某事中)断定conclude sth.with./by doing.以结束(2)conclusion n.结论；推论；结束draw/reach/come to/arrive at a/the conclusion得出结论in conclusion 最后；总之；总而言之即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子 We will have a further discussion before we draw a final _(conclude)._ conclusion,I would like to say the film Born
21、in China is worth seeing.She concluded her performance _ a poem.What can we conclude _ the conversation?你从所有这一切当中得出了什么结论？What _ from all this?conclusionInwithfromdo you conclude联想助记完成下列表示“最后；总而言之”的其他表达：_ a word _ brief all _ all _ short _ the wholeininininon小片段填空 The seventh chapter is a _The author
22、 stated the full texts key points and _ this articles study _第七章是结论，作者综述了全文要点，并得出了本文的研究结论。conclusionconcludedconclusion(2)apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然例 1 He was apparently much surprised at the news.他对这个消息显然感到十分惊讶。例 2 The child nodded,apparently content with the promise.孩子点了点头，看来他对这个许诺还满意。知识拓展(1)As is
23、apparently shown/stated in the picture/chart/passage above.正如上面图画/图表/文中明显展示/陈述的那样(2)apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的It is apparent that.显然即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子_ is apparently shown in the chart above,there are about 10%students supporting the idea.He paused,_(apparent)lost in thought.Soon,it was apparent to ev
24、eryone _ he couldnt sing.显然他从那里什么也看不见。_ from there.AsapparentlythatApparently he could see nothing知识要点7 insist on 坚决要求(教材 P3)Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在他们自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。例 1 He insisted on his dema
25、nd.他坚持他的要求。例 2 She insisted on her mothers living with her.她坚持要她母亲和她住在一起。知识拓展(1)insist on/upon(doing)sth.坚决要求(做)某事(2)在“insistthat.”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略。当 insist 作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子The manager insisted on the work _(do)in two h
26、ours.He insisted _ walking me to the station to see me off.He insisted that the problem _(discuss)at the meeting.她坚持立刻就走。She _ at once.being doneon/upon(should)be discussedinsisted on leavingSentence Patterns重点句式1 过去分词作定语(教材 P2)In 1967,the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the obje
27、ctive of discovering a new treatment for malaria,and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967 年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学家队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。句式分析：过去分词 chosen 作名词 researchers 的后置定语，相当于定语从句 that were chosen 的省略。例 1 The experience gained will give you more confidence to help your customers
28、.获得的经验会给你更多的信心去帮助你的客户。例 2 There are many beautifully decorated houses in this rich area.这个富人区有许多装饰精美的房子。知识拓展(1)过去分词作定语时通常与所修饰的名词构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。(2)过去分词还可以在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。此时过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换_(give)a lot of money,he lived a better life._(use)with care,one tin will la
29、st for six weeks.The teacher came in,_(follow)by a group of students.The meeting which was held yesterday is of great importance.The meeting _ is of great importance.GivenUsedfollowedheld yesterday重点句式2 upon/on doing.当时；一就(教材 P3)Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize.当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时句式分
30、析：upon/on doing.当时；一就，相当于 as soon as 引导的时间状语从句。例 1 Upon seeing her,I smiled and ran toward her.一看到她，我就笑着向她跑去了。例 2 On his return from Japan,Prof.Li went directly to his laboratory and started working with his colleagues.李教授刚一从日本回来就到他的实验室，开始和他的同事们一道工作起来。知识拓展(1)一些表示短暂性动作的动词，如：arrive,return,reach,hear,s
31、ee,receive,enter,step,get,recognize,leave 等，它们相应的名词形式或动名词形式用在 upon 或 on 之后可表达“一就”。(2)某些 at 引导的介词短语可用来表达“一就”，如：at the sight of(一看到)；at the thought of(一想到)；at the sound of(一听到)；at the first opportunity/chance(一有机会)等。(3)在名词 minute,moment 和 instant 前加上定冠词 the 也可以引导时间状语从句来表达“一就”。它们后面可以加 that，含义不变。(4)可用副词
32、 immediately 和 directly 来表达“一就”。这时，它们所起的作用相当于连词，引导时间状语从句。这种用法主要用在英式英语及口语中。即学即练单句语法填空/句型转换_(immediate)he arrived,he started telling us what to do._ the sight of the police officer the thief ran off.Ill tell him _ minute(that)he gets here.As soon as he went out of the room,Jack heard his cellphone rin
33、ging._,Jack heard his cellphone ringing.ImmediatelyAttheOn/Upon going out of the room1This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(co-winner),whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin,a crucial new treatment for malaria.分析 主句后 whose 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Tu
34、Youyou，其中名词短语 a crucial new treatment for malaria 是artemisinin 的同位语。译文 今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究发现了青蒿素，这是一种治疗疟疾的关键新药。2They then tried boiling fresh wormwood,and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria,but this did not work either.分析 句中 but 连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中 and连接表示顺承关系的两个并列的动词in
35、g 形式作动词 tried 的宾语；过去分词短语 obtained from this 作名词 liquid 的后置定语。译文 然后他们试着把新鲜的苦艾煮开，用从中提取的液体来治疗疟疾，但这也不管用。教材高考 1.They then tried boiling fresh wormwood，and using the liquid obtained from this to treat malaria，but this did not work either.(2020 全 国 卷)Carle Pieters，a scientist at Brown University，says，“beca
36、use it means we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.”2.She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparentlydestroyed its medical properties.(20207 月 浙 江 卷)I couldnt see Don，but as I approached the tractor he jumped out onto the road，apparentlyunhurt，and dashed
37、 back to me.3.Artemisinin has become a vitalpart of the treatment for malaria,and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone.(2019 天津卷)Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation.4.Her team examined over 2，000 old medical texts,and evaluated280，
38、000 plants for their medical properties.(2019 全国卷)First,you need to evaluate yourself,your values，your strengths,your weaknesses，your achievements,your desires，etc.5.However,Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.(2019 全国卷)Her years of hard work have finally been acknowledgedafter a customer nominat
39、ed(提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.6.She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.(2019 北 京 卷)They conclude that when task interdependence is high,team performance will suffer when there is too much talent.单句语法填空1.Food and energy are vital _ the
40、livelihood,development and stability of all nations.2She _(acknowledge)as an expert on the subject now.3Six soldiers are reported to have died _ their wounds.tois acknowledgedfrom4Three professors were asked to make an _(evaluate)of the teaching plan.5She has committed herself _(go)at once.6I asked
41、him to stay for a while,but he insisted on _(leave)at once.7Upon his _(arrive)at the spot,he found that the gypsies had gone.evaluationto goleavingarrival/arriving8He continued to place safety above all other_(objective).9The teacher tried his best _(analyse)the cause of our failure.10The general be
42、gan to work out his plan for _(defeat)the enemy.objectivesto analysedefeating.短语填空die from,in the beginning,by chance,draw out,commit oneself to,insist on,risk ones life,lead to 1I must go.I _ the club tonight and the members are expecting me.2The teacher _ all the homework being handed in on Monday
43、.have committed myself toinsisted on3The fireman _ to save the baby from the burning building.4In given conditions,a bad thing can _ good results.5In a severe winter,wild animals can _ lack of food.6“No one does very well at this _，”said the counselor.7I met a famous actor _ on the street.8He _ his
44、notebook and began to take notes.risked his lifelead todie fromin the beginningby chancedrew out.课文语法填空In 2015,Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine because she discovered artemisinin,which is a vital 1._(treat)for malaria.Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo,China，in 1930 and 2._
45、(graduate)from Peking University Medical School in 1955.In 1967,she,together with a team of 3._(scientist),began to discover a new treatment for malaria.In 1969,as the head of the project,she decided treatmentgraduatedscientists4._(find)traditional botanical treatments for the disease from ancient C
46、hinese medical texts.She got an inspiration from one medical text of the fourth century,which suggested 5._(use)the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever.At first her team tested a collection of 6._(dry)wormwood leaves but it didnt work.Then they tried boiling fresh wormwood 7._ had no effect
47、,either.However,she didntacknowledge defeat and finally found a different way to treat the wormwood.She drew out the extract from the wormwood 8._ a lower to findusingdriedbutattemperature and found a substance that worked.9._(lucky),her team finally succeeded in 1971 and the medicine，10._ was called artemisinin,soon became a standard treatment for malaria.Luckilywhich点击右图进入 课 时 分 层 作 业 谢谢观看 THANK YOU!
