1、X6U21convey vt.传达；运送6tease vi. & vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄9transform vi. & vt.转化；转换；改造；变换transformation n转化1convey vt. 传达；运送；传播conveyor (er) n. 运送者，传达者；运输设备convey sb./sth. from.to. 把某人/某物从运送到convey sth. to sb. 向某人传达/表达(思想、感情等) 即学即练1(1)Pipes _ hot water _ the boiler _ the radiators. 管道把热水从锅炉输送到散热器里。(2)Words cant _
2、 how delighted I was.言辞无法表达我内心的喜悦。(3)Please _ my good wishes _ your mother.请向您母亲转达的美好祝愿。Convey from to/convey/convey to2transform vt.&vi. 改变，转变，改造，使改观transformation n. (外观或性质的)改变，变革transform A into B 使A变成Bbe transformed from A to B 从A变到Btransform into 转化成，改观为 即学即练2(1)The photochemical reactions _ th
3、e light _ electrical impulses.光化学反应使光变为电脉冲。(2)The company has _ _ _ a family business _ a multimillionpound operation.这家公司已由一个家庭企业变成拥有数百万英镑的运作机构。(3)Lets _ the old educational system.让我们改革旧的教育制度。Transform into/been transformed from into/transform提示：trans是前缀，意为“转移，变化”。如：transport 运输，运送transfer 转移，调往tr
4、ansmit 传导，输送，播送translate 翻译6take it easy/take things easy 别紧张，从容，松懈，不急take it/things easy 告诉别人不要紧张(指在心理上“别紧张，别着急”，相当于 Dont be nervous.)take ones time (Dont hurry.) “别着急”，告诉别人不要着急。(意味着时间还早、没必要匆忙。)take sb./sth. seriously 认真对待某人/某事take.for granted 认为理所当然 即学即练6(1)There is nothing serious; you can _ _ _.
5、没什么严重的事，你不要紧张。(2)Now, no use getting nervous. Tom, _ _ _.汤姆，不要过于紧张，现在着急是没用的。(3)Theres no need to rush backjust _ _ _.不用急着赶回来慢慢来吧。Take it easy/take it easy/take your time7run out of 用完；用光Sb. runs out of sth. 某人用光某物。Sth. is run out of. 某物被用光。Sth. is running out. 某物快用光了。Sb. uses up sth. 某人用光某物。Sth. is
6、used up. 某物快被用光。Sb. runs short of sth. 某人快用光某物了。Sth. runs short. 某物快用完了。Sb./Sth. gives out. 某人精疲力尽/某物用完。 即学即练7(1)Tom had _ _ _ money and he had to write a letter asking his father to send him some by post.汤姆用完了钱，不得不写信让父亲汇些来。(2)Food in the flooded area _ _ fast since more and more people became homel
7、ess.由于愈来愈多的人无家可归，洪灾区的食品很快就用完了。(3)His strength _ _ after he ran that long distance.跑完那么长一段距离，他已筋疲力竭。(4)They have _ _ their money.他们已经把钱花光了。run out of/ran out/gave out/used up8make up of(多用于被动结构)构成make up 组成；编造；化妆；补偿make up for 弥补make out 听出，看出，辨认出be made of/from 由制成be made out of 由制成；用改制而成be made int
8、o 把做成be made in (某物)产于某地 即学即练8(1)Are all animal bodies _ _ _ cells?所有动物的身体都是由细胞组成的吗？(2)Nothing can _ _ _ the death of so many people.什么也弥补不了这么多人的死亡。(3)Books _ _ _ paper, while paper _ _ _ wood.书是由纸做成的；而纸是由木头做的。Made up of/make up for/are made of/is made from9let out发出；放走let sth. out泄露(秘密等)；发出(叫喊等)；放宽
9、；放大(衣服等)；让跑掉let sb. out放出去，释放let sb. down让某人失望let sb./sth.in让某人/某物进来let alone更不用说 即学即练9(1)Dont _ _ _ about my losing job.别把我丢了工作一事泄露出去。(2)Hes getting so fat that his trousers have to _ _ _ round the waist.他越来越胖，裤腰都得放宽了。(3)The baby cant even crawl yet, _ _ walk.这孩子连爬都不会，更不用说走了。let it out/be let out/l
10、etalone1. transform/change/convert/shift/transfer这五个词都含有“改变”的意思。(1)transform强调完全改变某事或人的外观或特征。(2)change着重强调与以前不一样，是最常用的单词。(3)convert是由一种形式或作用转变成为另一种形式或作用。(4)shift含有轻易变动之意，一般用于改变位置或方向，或出于不正当动机把罪过嫁祸给他人。(5)transfer意为“移交，转移”，强调从一处转移到另一处。1. 应用1(1)_ coal to/into pipeline gas.将煤转化为管道气。(2)He _ the chair clos
11、er to the bed.他把椅子向床移近。(3)Please have my luggage _ to the railway station.请把我的行李转到火车站去。Convert/shifted/transferred (4)The Greens have _ their garage into a guest house.格林家把他们的车库改成了客房。(5)The weather is _ for better/worse.天气正在变好/坏。Transformed/changingX6U34ban vt.禁止；取缔 n禁令；谴责7accustom vt.使习惯于accustomed
12、 adj.惯常的；习惯了的10quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开12strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强 vi.变强strength n力气strong adj.强壮的1abuse vt. & n滥用；虐待即学即练1(1)Dont _ _ _.不要滥用你的特权。(2)The farmer often _ _ _.这位农夫经常虐待他的妻子。abuse your privilege/abused his wife (3)You shouldnt _ _ _.你不应该过度使用你的眼睛。(4)I dont understand why I should put up with this k
13、ind of _ _ _.我不明白我为什么要忍受她这样辱骂我。Abuse your eyes/abuse from her4accustom vt. 使习惯于，使适应accustomed adj. 通常的，习惯的be accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表状态)become/get accustomed (used) to (doing) sth.习惯于(表动作)accustom oneself/sb. to (doing) sth.使自己/某人习惯于 即学即练4(1)Painting barns red is an _ practice.仓房刷成红色是一
14、种习俗。(2)He has _ _ _ the way the teacher gives lectures. 他已经习惯了那个老师的讲课方式。(3)You must _ _ _ the new environment.你必须使自己适应新环境。Accustomed/become accustomed to/accustom yourself to5quit vt.&vi. 停止(做某事)；离开；戒掉adj. 摆脱(难题等)的quit doing sth. 放弃干某事，停止干某事quit office/school 离职/退学be quit of sb./sth. 摆脱 即学即练5(1)I _
15、_ years ago.我几年前就戒酒了。(2)I made up my mind _ _.我已决定辞职了。(3)He was glad to _ _ _ the troublesome job.他很高兴能摆脱那个麻烦的工作。quit drinking/to quit/be quit of9take risks/a risk冒险run (take) a risk/risks 冒险run (take) the risk of doing sth. 冒着的风险/危险at risk (in danger)处于危险中at the risk of doing sth. 可能导致(不快等)，冒危险at a
16、ll risks 无论冒危险risk ones health/life 以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险risk doing 冒险做 即学即练9(1)You are _ _ _ _ in trusting him.信任他无异于冒险。(2)He decided to get there even _ _ _ _ his life.他决定去那里，即使有生命危险。(3)They _ _ everything.他们冒着失去一切的风险。Taking a big risk/at the risk of/risked losing (4)Any man who smokes cigarettes is _ _ _
17、. 吸烟的人是拿健康去冒险。risking his health10get into 陷入；染上(习惯)；开始对感兴趣get into trouble 陷入麻烦get into the habit of. 染上的习惯get into panic 陷入恐慌get (sth.) across (to sb.) (使某事为人)理解get along/on with 进展；相处ge away (from) 脱离get back 回来；返回get around/about 四处走动get over 克服；解决；控制get through 接通；完成 即学即练10(1)How did you _ _ _？
18、你是怎么染上毒品的？(2)I havent really _ _ _ _ _ yet.我还未真正熟悉我的新工作。(3)I _ _ _ with an Italian student.我与一位意大利学生谈了起来。get into drugs/got into my new job/got into conversationX6U42subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助4tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势6oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.反对的；对立的8state vt.陈述；说明s
19、tatement n说明10glance vi.看一下；扫视 n一瞥15refresh vt.使恢复；使振作2tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt. 照顾；护理tendency n倾向；趋势tend to do sth.往往容易干某事tend towards/to倾向于；趋于tend sb./sth.照顾，护理某人/某物 即学即练2(1)The sort of music he listens to varies, but _ _ popular music.他听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。(2)She _ _ get angry when people oppose to her
20、plan.别人反对她的计划时，她很容易生气。tends towards/tends to (3)The nurse skillfully _ their wounds.那位护士熟练地为他们包扎伤口。tended3oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量opposed adj.相反的；对立的oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth.反对某事/做某事/某人做某事oppose sth. to/against sth.使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗be opposed to.反对；与对立 即学即练3(1)He _ the proposal to build a ne
21、w hall.他反对修建新礼堂的建议。(2)Do not _ your will _ mine.不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。(3)She seems very much _ _ your going abroad.她好像很反对你出国。Opposed/oppose against/opposed to4state vt.陈述；说明n状况；政府；国家；州in a.state处于状态中in a bad/good state处于良好(差)状况中staten./thatclause/whclause阐明 即学即练4(1)She was _ _ _ _ when we arrived.我们到达时，她情绪很
22、不好。(2)He is _ _ _ _ _ health.他的健康状况不好。(3)The witness _ that he had not seen the woman before.该证人说他以前从未见过那个女人。In a terrible state/in a poor state of/stated (4)She gave away _ _ to the enemy.她把国家的机密泄露给了敌人。(5)Please _ _ _ as they are.请如实地陈述事实。State secrets/state the facts6glance vi. 一瞥，扫视，匆匆一看n. 一瞥，扫视，
23、掠过，闪光glance at/about/around/round/up/down. 向看at a glance 立刻，一眼，(只)看一眼at first glance 乍一看give/take/shoot/throw a glance (at). 看一眼glance off 擦过，掠过 即学即练6(1)He _ nervously _ his watch.他紧张不安地看了一下表。(2)_ _ _ the place seemed deserted.乍一看，这地方似乎被废弃了。(3)He _ her _ _ _ as she walked into the room.她走进房间时，他朝她瞥了一
24、眼。Glanced at/At first glance/gave a quick glance (4)The bullet _ _ the side of the car.子弹从汽车边上擦过。Glanced off8come about 发生；造成；(风、船等)转向How does it come about that.? 是怎样发生的？It comes about like this. 事情是这样发生的come across 偶遇；碰到come along 进展；进行come out 公开；问世；出版；被发行come round 恢复知觉；苏醒过来come to 涉及；共计；达到come
25、up with 提出come up 上来；被提出；发芽 即学即练8(1)Can you tell me _ the accident _ _？你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？(2)_ _ _ _ _ that he knew where we were?他是怎样知道我们在什么地方的呢？About how came about/How did it come提示：come about, happen, take place和 break out 这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词， 不可用于被动语态。10keep on 继续keep on doinggo on doingcontinue d
26、oing/to do继续做keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物一直做某事keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事keep down 控制，压制keep up保持，维持；继续keep up with 跟上，不落在后面keep away 避开，离开，使不靠近keep back 隐瞒(某事)，阻止keep off 让开，不接近keep out of. 置身于之外keep together 聚在一起，协调一致keep.in mind 记住keep in touch with. 与保持联系提示：keep doing sth. 表示动作或状
27、态的持续，连续不断地或反复地做；keep on doing sth. 表示动作的反复，动作之间略有间隔。 即学即练10(1)Dont _ _ _ such noise.不要老是发出这样的噪音。(2)Dont _ _ such foolish things.不要老是做这样的傻事。(3)I will _ _ _ until I reach my goal!我还是要继续奋斗直到成功！Keep on making/keep doing/keep on striving11put up with 忍受；容忍put aside节省，储蓄，储存put down写下，记下，击败，平定put forward提出
28、建议，把向前拨put off延期，推迟put on穿上，戴上，演出put out熄灭，扑灭put through接通电话 即学即练11(1)I cant _ _ _ your rudeness any more; leave the room.我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，请离开这个房间。(2)No longer being able to _ _ _ my toothache, I went to consult a dentist.我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去找牙科医生诊治。put up with/put up with (3)Can you _ me _ to reservation?
29、你可以给我接客房部吗？(4)He _ _ a good plan at the meeting.他在会议上提出了一项好计划。put through/put forward1. glance/glare/stare/glimpse(1)glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼。(2)glare 指以强烈的敌意或怒气，威吓般注视。(3)stare 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。(4)glimpse 意为“瞥见”，是 glance 动作的结果。1. 应用1用 glance, glare, stare, glimpse 的适当形式填空(1)He walked and _ at his
30、watch now and then.(2)They _ at each other across the table after the quarrel.(3)The children _ at the stranger with open eyes.Glanced/glared/stared(4)He _ a short whitehaired figure heading for the back door.Glimpsed3. take place/come about/happen/occur/break out都有“发生”之意，并且都用做不及物动词，即无被动语态。(1)take p
31、lace强调必然性或按事先的安排而发生。(2)happen, come about多为偶然发生。(3)break out多指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然发生。(4)occur多指意想不到的事情的发生。 应用3(1)Argument occasionally _ between them.他们之间偶尔也发生争论。(2)How did it _ that they knew where we were?他们是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？(3)When does the meeting _？会议什么时候举行？Occurs/come about/take place (4)If anything _ to you, let me know.要是你出了什么事，就告诉我。(5)Fire _ during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。Happens/broke out