1、上海市致远高中2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期中试题（含解析）第I卷（共100分）I. Listening Comprehension (25)Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
2、only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Excited. B. Dissatisfied. C. Bored. D. Exhausted.2. A. 7:00. B. 7:10. C. 9:00. D. 9:10.3. A. A cook. B. A sho
3、p assistant. C. A saleswoman. D.A waitress.4. A. At a gas station. B. In a work shop.C. At an art gallery. D. In a department store.5. A. He hasnt had a chance to meet Kathy yet.B. Kathy had already told him the news.C. He didnt know that Kathy was being moved.D. His new office will be located in Ne
4、w York.6. A. The woman wants to go to Toronto. B. The man wants to go to Vancouver.C. There are no flights to Toronto. D. There are two direct flights to Toronto.7. A. She should do more careful work.B. She is not concerned about Georges remarks.C. George does not care about her.D. George shouldnt h
5、ave said much about her.8. A. She cant afford that much for a trip.B. She is fortunate to have made a lot of money.C. She doesnt think 15,000 dollars is enough for the trip.D. She considers 15,000 dollars only a small sum of money.9. A. Playing tennis. B. Writing a term paper.C. Gathering materials.
6、 D. Holding a meeting.10. A. The man was seriously injured in the car accident.B. The man had poor imagination because of the car accident.C. The man wasnt wearing the seat belt when the accident happened.D. The mans daughter advised him to wear the seat belt before he left home.Section BDirections:
7、 In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one conversation. You will be asked three questions on each of the passages and four questions for the conversation. The passages and conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the fo
8、ur possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Future researchers. B. College students.C. Company employees. D. Successful artists.12. A. To teach the listeners how to wo
9、rk hard.B To enable the listeners to get better salaries.C. To prepare the listeners to get better jobs.D. To encourage the listeners to seize opportunities.13. A. Kindness. B. Diligence. C. Willingness. D. Interest.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. The benefits of wa
10、lking. B. The importance of keeping fit.C. The way of forming a habit. D. The possibility of excising regularly.15. A. Because it needs much thinking. B. Because people can improve their memory.C. Because it is suitable for everyone. D. Because people neednt concentrate on it.16. A. It is the easies
11、t way to lose weight. B. It can be made part of peoples life.C. It can make peoples hearts stronger. D. It prevents people suffering from cancers.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. He has just been back from South America.B. He has been burnt for a few hours.C. He
12、 has been surfing the Internet for long.D. He has been doing school work all night.18. A. To look for something interesting for pleasure.B. To meet new friends in the net chatroom.C. To release pressure from heavy work.D. To look for information for his project.19. A. Quite a few sites are just old
13、event calendars.B. Its a waste of time to surf the Internet.C. A lot of information can be found.D. A lot of friends can be made on the Internet.20. A. People spend much time talking about other interests.B. It takes long to find things because of many useless sites.C. It is hard to start chatting w
14、ith others in the chatroom.D. Its hardly the best source of information available. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the prop
15、er form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Can Indoor Plants Really Purify the Air?Plants are very important to human life. Through photosynthesis(光合作用), they transform carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. They _1_ (assume) to remove toxins from the air we
16、breathe - but is this true?One famous NASA experiment published in 1989 has found indoor plants can clean the air by removing pollutants _2_ cause cancer. Later research has found soil micro - organisms in the potted plant also _3_ (play) a part in cleaning indoor air. Based on this research, some s
17、cientists say house plants are effective natural air purifiers, and the bigger and leafier the plant, the better. The amount of leaf surface area influences the rate of air purification. _4_ , however, say the evidence that plants can effectively accomplish this feat(功绩)is far from conclusive. “Ther
18、e are no definitive studies to show that _5_ (have) indoor plants can significantly increase the air quality in your home,” According to Luz Claudio, a professor of environmental medicine and public health. “Theres no question _6_ plants are capable of removing volatile(易挥发的)chemical toxins from the
19、 air under laboratory conditions,” says Claudio. But in your home or office space, the notion that putting a few plants together can purify your air doesnt have much hard science _7_ (back) it up. Most research efforts to date, including the NASA study, placed indoor plants in small, _8_ (seal) envi
20、ronments to assess how much air-purifying power they have. “But those studies arent really applicable to what happens in house. In many cases, the air in your home completely turns over - that is, exchanges places with outdoor air - once every hour. In most instances, air exchange with the outside h
21、as a _9_ (great) effect on indoor air quality than plants.” says Stanley Kays, a professor of horticulture(园艺学).Disappointed _10_ many people may be by what Kays said, the professor also made it clear that he believes house plants are beneficial. Studies have shown plants can knock out stress and ma
22、ke people feel happier. More research shows spending time around nature has a positive effect on a persons mood and energy levels.【答案】1. are assumed 2. which / that 3. play 4. Others 5. having 6. that 7. to back 8. sealed 9. greater 10. as【解析】这是一篇议论文。室内植物真的能净化空气吗?对于此问题，有的研究表明，室内植物可以通过去除致癌污染物来净化空气。而有
23、的人认为，目前还没有明确的研究表明室内种植植物能显著提高家中的空气质量，但是认为室内植物是有益的，这是无疑的。【1题详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：它们被认为可以清除我们呼吸的空气中的毒素但这是真的吗?分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语They与assume之间是被动关系，应用一边现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数，be动词用are。故填are assumed。【2题详解】考查定语从句。句意：NASA在1989年发表的一项著名实验发现，室内植物可以通过去除致癌污染物来净化空气。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词pollutants在从句
24、中充当主语，应用关系代词which/that。故填which/that。【3题详解】考查一般现在时。句意：后来的研究发现盆栽植物中的土壤微生物也在净化室内空气中发挥着作用。分析句子可知，设空处是宾语从句的谓语动词，结合语境可知本句陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为soil micro-organisms，所以谓语用复数形式。故填play。【4题详解】考查代词。句意：然而，其他人认为，植物能够有效地完成这一壮举的证据还远没有定论。由前文的“some scientists”可知，本空为others，some.others“一些另一些”，该词位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Others。【5题详解】考
25、查动名词。句意：Luz Claudio，一个环境医学和公共健康教授说：“没有确切的研究表明在室内种植植物可以显著提高你家里的空气质量。”分析句子可知，设空处是宾语从句的主语，此处应用have的动名词having作为句子主语，故填having。【6题详解】考查连接代词。句意：Claudio说：“毫无疑问，在实验室条件下，植物能够清除空气中的挥发性化学毒素。”分析句子可知，设空处引导同位语从句，从句成分完整，句意完整，所以用连接词that。故填that。【7题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：但在你的家里或办公室里，把一些植物放在一起可以净化空气的想法并没有多少支持的科学依据。分析句子可知，此处应用动词
26、不定式作名词hard science的后置定语。故填to back。【8题详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，包括NASA研究在内的大多数研究工作，都是将室内植物置于小型密封环境中，以评估它们的空气净化能力。分析句子可知，设空处应填形容词作名词environment的定语，形容词sealed “密封的”符合语境。故填sealed。【9题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：在大多数情况下，与外界空气交换对室内空气质量的影响比植物对室内空气质量的影响大。由“than”可知，设空处应填形容词的比较级greater修饰名词effect。故填greater。【10题详解】考查部分倒装句。句意：尽管许多人可能对
27、Kays所说的话感到失望，但这位教授也明确表示，他相信室内植物是有益处的。分析句子可知，本句为as“尽管”引导的部分倒装句。其形式为：形容词+as +主语+动词。故填 as。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Smart Homes Around the CornerInternet-connected light
28、s, locks and laundry machines are close to becoming everyday household items, thanks in part to voice-activated speakers such as Amazons Echo and Google Home.The market has witnessed increasing sales of lights that turn off when you say “good night,” smart locks that let in your friends before you g
29、et home, and other smart-home gadgets (小配件). Smart speakers and their digital assistants also have been growing in _11_. From your couch, you can ask these smart assistants to play your favorite music, check the weather, order pizza or_12_flights.While the devices are still relatively expensiveyou c
30、an get six _13_light bulbs for the price of a single smart one_14_is likely to pick up further as prices fall in the future.Moreover, the more people use such speakers, it turns out, the more things they want them to do. In some cases, that leads _15_to other smart gadgets for the home. People who o
31、wn an Echo are_16_more likely to install other smart gadgets, said David Limp, Amazons senior vice president of devices and services. “They dont start by rewiring the whole home. They start with a switch.” That switch, known as a smart plug, can make any appliance remote-controllable by cutting or_1
32、7_its powerjust ask an assistant to turn it off or on.U.S. sales of smart speakers have more than tripled (增至三倍) to nearly 25 million in 2017, as shown by a CTA (Commodity Trading Advisors) _18_. Theyre expected to grow further this year, to about 36 million, as Apples HomePod joins the competition.
33、Smart-home products such as lights and security cameras are lagging behind, but they have been catching up. “Were still in the early stages,” said Jeff Patton, a smart-home executive at General Electric. “While the gadgets arent yet _19_” he said, “average people are much more aware of them”.Alex Ha
34、wkinson, CEO of Samsungs Smart Things smart-home business, said that about half of his new customers are coming because of smart speakers “_20_a lot of excitement.” Once people get their first smart product, such as a smart plug, they are likely to buy more, market researchers say. They also tell fr
35、iends and neighbors about them, and might buy some as gifts.【答案】11. B 12. K 13. C 14. H 15. A 16. J 17. F 18. G 19. I 20. E【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。随着语音 AI 设备和数字助理越来越受欢迎，全球智能家居的时代即将到来。【11题详解】考查动名词。句意：语音AI设备和数字助理也越来越受欢迎。由句意可知，语音AI设备和数字助理也越来越受欢迎。in为介词，后接名词popularity“受欢迎”作宾语。故B选项正确。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：坐在沙发上，你可以让这些智能的助手
36、播放你最喜欢的音乐，查看天气信息，点披萨或搜寻航班信息。or连接的是play，check，order和track。track“搜寻”符合句意，来说明智能助手的功能之一。故K选项正确。【13题详解】考查名词。句意：尽管这些设备仍然相对昂贵你可以用一个智能灯泡的价格买到6个普通灯泡但随着未来价格的下降，需求可能会进一步上升。由“as prices fall in the future”可知，随着未来价格的下降。需求可能会进一步上升。demand“需求”为名词，作is的主语。故C选项正确。【14题详解】考查形容词。句意：尽管这些设备仍然相对昂贵你可以用一个智能灯泡的价格买到6个普通灯泡但随着未来价格
37、的下降，需求可能会进一步上升。由“While the devices are still relatively expensive”可知，这些设备很昂贵，你可以用一个智能灯泡的价格买到6个普通灯泡。regular“常规的；通常的”为形容词，修饰名词bulbs。故H选项正确。【15题详解】考查副词。句意：在某些情况下，这会直接导致家庭使用其他智能设备。directly“直接地”为副词修饰动词lead。故A选项正确。【16题详解】考查副词。句意：亚马逊负责设备和服务的高级副总裁DavidLimp说，拥有Echo的用户肯定更愿意安装其他智能设备。definitely“明确地，肯定”为副词，修饰形容词
38、likely，表示拥有Echo的用户肯定更愿意安装其他智能设备。故J选项正确。【17题详解】考查动名词。句意：这种开关被称为智能插头，它可以通过切断或恢复电源，使任何电器都处于遥控状态只要让数字助理把它关掉或打开就行了。or连接的是cutting和restoring“恢复”，两者应该是相对的选择关系。故F选项正确。【18题详解】考查名词。句意：根据CTA的估计，在2017年，美国的智能扬声器销量增长了三倍多，达到近2500万台。由“U.S. sales of smart speakers have more than tripled (增至三倍) to nearly 25 million in
39、 2017”可知，在2017年，美国的智能扬声器销量增长了三倍多，达到近2500万台。这个数据来自于CTA 的估计，所以estimate“估计”符合语境。故G选项正确。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：虽然这些智能设备还没有成为主流。他说，“但是一般人对它们的了解越来越多”。while引导的让步状语从句，主句句意与从句句意表示转折关系，所以mainstream“主流”符合语境。故I选项正确。【20题详解】考查动名词。句意：三星智能家居首席执行官霍金森表示，约有一半的新客户前来是因为语音AI“激起了人们的购买欲望”。本句在说明，约有一半的新客户前来的原因，是因为语音AI“激起了人们的购买欲望”，所以
40、arousing“激起”符合语境。故E选项正确。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.High-end taxi services are widely used in big cities across China
41、. Their being well received has been fueled by the success of taxi-hailing apps like Didi and Kuaidi. But at present, there are no laws to _21_ the safety and legal rights of _22_ who use these services, since high-end taxis _23_ operate without a government license.This has also cast _24_ on whethe
42、r the services offered by international taxi apps like Uber and other local rivals are legal according to current laws in China. A motion raised by Deputy Zhang Yubiao at this years National Peoples Congress aims to address this _25_ loop-hole. High-end taxis are one category of taxis, and the only
43、difference is the lack of government _26_. We should have an open attitude towards the new service and _27_ its innovation. Since it has the market demand, we should consider _28_ it.Unlike traditional taxis, high-end taxis can only be _29_ using smart-phone apps. They _30_ a high-end richer market
44、that pays higher rates for more customized services. NPC Deputy and transportation expert Cheng Dehong says high-end taxis should not be _31_ as illegal black cabs run by individuals. In the past, we only saw the negative side of the high-end taxi service, since we always highlighted the safety conc
45、erns, tax evasion issues and other _32_ activities. But given the huge demand for high-end taxies, we should look at its _33_ side. We can _34_ many of the problems with new regulations and _35_ commuters a safer, more convenient taxi service.21. A. keepB. offerC. giveD. guarantee22. A. operatorsB.
46、passengerC. driversD. managers23. A. extraordinarilyB. currentlyC. swiftlyD. regularly24. A. doubtsB. challengesC. conflictsD. thoughts25. A. legalB. clearC. similar D. basic26. A. assistanceB. investigationC. supervisionD. cooperation27. A. reformB. preventC. enhanceD. encourage28. A. promotingB. e
47、mployingC. applyingD. legalizing29. A. rodeB. bookedC. subscriptedD. served30. A. changeB. satisfyC. demandD. threaten31. A. classifiedB. knownC. exchangedD. interpreted32. A. efficientB. high-endC. illegalD. financial33. A. negativeB. influentialC. carefulD. positive34. A. ariseB. raiseC. resolveD.
48、 display35. A. approveB. improveC. increaseD. offer【答案】21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，高端出租车服务虽得到了广泛的应用，但无合法性，应该对其采取措施促进它的发展。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但目前还没有法律保障使用这些服务的乘客的安全和合法权益，因为高端出租车目前没有政府牌照。A. keep保持；B. offer提供；C. give给予；D. gua
49、rantee保障。由上文的“there are no laws”可知，没有法律保障乘客的安全和合法权益。故选D项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但目前还没有法律保障使用这些服务的乘客的安全和合法权益，因为高端出租车目前没有政府牌照。A. operators操作员；B. passenger乘客；C. drivers司机；D. managers经理。由下文的“who use these services”可知，these services指的是High-end taxi services（高端出租车服务），用高端出租车服务的人自然是乘客。故选B项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：但目
50、前还没有法律保障使用这些服务的乘客的安全和合法权益，因为高端出租车目前没有政府牌照。A. extraordinarily异常地；B. currently当前；C. swiftly迅速地；D. regularly有规律地。由上文的“But at present”和本处的“high-end taxis _3_ operate without a government license”可知，高端出租车目前没有政府牌照。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据中国现行法律，这也让人怀疑Uber等国际出租车应用程序和其他本土竞争对手提供的服务是否“合法”。A. doubts怀疑；B. cha
51、llenges挑战；C. conflicts冲突；D. thoughts想法。由下文的“whether the services offered by international taxi apps like Uber and other local rivals are legal”可知，Uber等国际出租车应用程序和其他本土竞争对手提供的服务是否“合法”，这是一种怀疑。故选A项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：张玉彪副代表在今年全国人大上提出的一项议案旨在解决这一法律漏洞。A. legal法律的；B. clear清晰的；C. similar 相似的；D. basic基本的。由上文语
52、境可知，没有法律保障使用高端出租车服务的乘客的安全和合法权益，人们也怀疑Uber等国际出租车应用程序和其他本土竞争对手提供的服务是否“合法”，因此张玉彪想解决这一法律漏洞。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：高端出租车是出租车的一类，唯一不同的是缺乏政府监管。A. assistance帮助；B. investigation调查；C. supervision监督；D. cooperation合作。由上文的“high-end taxis _3_ operate without a government license”可知，高端出租车缺乏政府许可，即缺乏政府监管。故选C项。【27题详解
53、】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们应该对新服务持开放的态度，鼓励它的创新。A. reform改革；B. prevent阻止；C. enhance加强；D. encourage鼓励。由上文的“We should have an open attitude towards the new service”可知，作者认为要对新服务持开放的态度，因此作者会鼓励它的创新。故选D项。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然有市场需求，我们就应该考虑合法化。A. promoting促进；B. employing利用；C. applying申请；D. legalizing合法化。由上文语境可知，高端出租车服务没
54、有取得政府许可，人们对它的合法性持怀疑态度，因此作者认为有市场需求，就要考虑它的合法性。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：与传统出租车不同，高端出租车只能通过智能手机应用程序预订。A. rode骑；B. booked预定；C. subscripted下标；D. served服务。由常识可知，类似于滴滴和快滴等打车软件需要在手机上提前下单预定。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们满足了高端、富裕的市场，为更多的定制服务支付更高的费率。A. change改变；B. satisfy满足；C. demand需要；D. threaten威胁。由上文的“High-end ta
55、xi services are widely used in big cities across China.”和“it has the market demand”可知，高端出租车服务在中国各大城市得到广泛应用和有市场需求，说明它满足了市场需求。故选B项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国人大代表、交通专家程德宏说，高端出租车不应被归为个人经营的非法黑出租车。A. classified将归类；B. known知道；C. exchanged交换；D. interpreted解释。由上文语境可知，高端出租车服务没有取得政府许可，没有合法性，但它能满足市场需求，所以不应该把它归为个人经营的
56、非法黑出租车。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：过去，我们只看到高端出租车服务负面影响，因为我们总是强调安全问题、逃税问题和其他违法行为。A. efficient有效的；B. high-end高端的；C. illegal非法的；D. financial经济的。由上文的“we only saw the negative side of the high-end taxi service, since we always highlighted the safety concerns, tax evasion issues”可知，本句讲的是高端出租车服务的不好的方面，包括安全问题、
57、逃税问题和上文一直提及的不合法行为。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但考虑到高端出租车的巨大需求，我们应该看到其积极的一面。A. negative消极的；B. influential有影响力的；C. careful认真的；D. positive积极的。本句中But表转折，由上文的“They _10_ a high-end richer market that pays higher rates for more customized services.”可知，高端出租车满足了高端、富裕的市场，为更多的定制服务支付更高的费率，所以除了上文提到的消极方面，拥有市场需求的高端出租车
58、也有贡献，要看它积极的一面。故选D项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以通过新规定解决许多问题，为通勤者提供更安全、更方便的出租车服务。A. arise出现；B. raise提升；C. resolve解决(问题或困难) ；D. display显示。由下文的“with new regulations”可知，此处指用新规定解决许多问题。故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以通过新规定解决许多问题，为通勤者提供更安全、更方便的出租车服务。A. approve批准；B. improve提高；C. increase增加；D. offer提供。由下文的“commuters a
59、 safer, more convenient taxi service”可知，此处应该指为通勤者提供更安全、更方便的出租车服务。故选D项。Section BDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to
60、 the information given in the passage you have read.AWhat will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-technology（生物技术）. With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very lon
61、g time. Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war. Todays leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories.In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real techno
62、logical event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells（细胞） are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as t
63、hose of brain cells，would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs（器官）. The medicine，made up of the basic bu
64、ilding materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so onin much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems
65、still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.36. According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by _.A. diseases and agingB. accidents and warC. accidents and agingD. heart disease and war37. In the authors opinion，todays most important advance in technology lies in（在于） _.
66、A. the InternetB. medicineC. brain cellsD. human organs38. Humans may live longer in the future because _.A. heart disease will be far away from usB. human brains can decide the final deathC. the basic materials of cells will last foreverD. human organs can be repaired by new medicine39. How long ca
67、n humans live in the future according to the passage?A. Over 100 years.B. More than 120 years.C. About 150 years.D. The passage doesnt tell us.【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了医学的发展让未来人们的寿命会大大延长。【36题详解】A 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Todays leading killers, such as heart disease, cancer, and aging
68、itself, will become distant memories”.（今天的头号杀手，如心脏病、癌症和衰老本身，将成为遥远的记忆）可知，现在人们死亡的主要原因是疾病和衰老。故A正确。【37题详解】C 细节理解题。根据第二段“But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times.”（但是，医学的变革可能是我们这个时代真正的科技事件。）可知，在作者看来，当今最重要的技术进步在于医学，故B正确。【38题详解】D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Sometime between 2050 and 2100
69、, medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine repair their organs(器官)”（在2050年到2100年之间的某个时候，医学将会发展到每10年左右，人们将能够通过服用药物来修复他们的器官）.可知，未来人们的寿命会更长是因为可以用新药来修复器官，故D正确。【39题详解】D 细节理解题。根据第二段“Sometime between 2050 and 2100, medicine will have advan
70、ced to the point at which every 10 years or so, people will be able to take medicine repair their organs(器官)”（在2050年到2100年之间的某个时候，医学将会发展到每10年左右，人们将能够通过服用药物来修复他们的器官）.可知，第二段提及人们可以用药物来替换修复细胞，故很难说人能活多久，文章也没有提及具体时间，故D正确。 考点：考查科普类短文阅读BFile Created Page 1 of 1DELAYED BAGGAGE REPORTPRINTED AT ALBANY N.Y. AI
71、RPORT ON JULY 10 2012 11:15 A.M.Dear Valued Customer,We regret that your baggage was not available to claim after your recent flight. Everything possible will be done to locate your property and return it to you promptly.For information regarding your delayed baggage, contact the United Airlines Bag
72、gage Resolution Center at its 24 hour, seven day a week number:1-800-335-BAGS (2247) (US Toll Free)281-821-3536 (Local Houston Number)Or visit site: As soon as you file your Delayed Baggage Report, United Airlines will begin to trace for your baggage system wide. Our Baggage Resolution staff will ma
73、ke every effort to call you once a day to keep you updated on our progress.So that we can quickly access your records, please refer to the File Reference Number on this receipt when corresponding or calling.Keep this receipt with your claim check and E-Ticket receipt until your baggage is returned t
74、o you.In most circumstances, United Airlines will deliver your baggage when it is located. Delivery times vary depending on location.If your baggage has not been returned to you within the initial five-day tracing period, please download a claim form at delayed.aspx and return it to us with the requ
75、ired documentation included.DELAYED BAGGAGE REPORT REFERENCE: ALBUA25876Name: JOHN JACKSON Contact Number: 802-247-9999Delivery Address: 66 MOONBROOK DRBRANDON Email: minminvtVERMONT USA 05745Bag Tag Description0037387643 Soft-Side Upright suitcase0037387657 Non-Zippered, hard side horizontal suitca
76、se40. Where does the receipt most probably come from?A. Suitcase Tracing Website.B. Delivery Center of United Airlines.C. Baggage Resolution Center.D. Information Center of the Airport.41. From the receipt we can learn that John Jackson _.A. must have filed his Delayed Baggage Report alreadyB. could
77、nt deal with his delayed baggage on line until July 17, 2012C. should call 802-247-9999 for the information about his delayed baggageD. may not know anything about his delayed baggage during the first five days42. Which of the following information is not provided in the receipt?A. The description o
78、f the customers checked suitcases.B. The regular routine of the delayed baggage tracing.C. The contact phone number of Albany N.Y. Airport.D. The customers delayed baggage file reference number.【答案】40. C 41. A 42. B【解析】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了行李解决中心指导客户如何拿回自己延误的行李的一份报告。【40题详解】推理判断题。由第一段“We regret that your bag
79、gage was not available to claim after your recent flight. Everything possible will be done to locate your property and return it to you promptly.”（很遗憾，您的行李在最近一次飞行后无法领取。我们会尽一切可能找到您的财产，并尽快归还给您。）和第二段“For information regarding your delayed baggage, contact the United Airlines Baggage Resolution Center a
80、t its 24 hour, seven day a week number”（有关您的延迟行李的信息，请联系美国联合航空公司行李处理中心，该中心每周7天24小时提供），可知本文主要讲如何处理机场延误行李的情况，收据可能来自行李处理中心。故选C项。【41题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二部分“DELAYED BAGGAGE REPORT REFERENCE: ALBUA25876 Name: JOHN JACKSON Contact Number: 802-247-9999”（延误行李报告 编号：ALBUA25876 姓名：约翰杰克逊 联系电话：802-247-9999），可知John Jacks
81、on一定已经提交了行李延误报告。故选A项。【42题详解】细节理解题。由最后一段“Bag Tag Description 0037387643 Soft-Side Upright suitcase0037387657 Non-Zippered, hard side horizontal suitcase”（行李标签说明 0037387643软侧立行李箱 0037387657非拉链硬面卧式行李箱），可知描写了客户托运的行李箱，A项正确；由第二段中的“281-821-3536 (Local Houston Number)”（281-821-3536（当地休斯顿电话），可知提供了纽约奥尔巴尼机场的联系
82、电话，C项正确；倒数第二部分“DELAYED BAGGAGE REPORT REFERENCE: ALBUA25876 Name: JOHN JACKSON Contact Number: 802-247-9999”（延误行李报告 编号：ALBUA25876 姓名：约翰杰克逊 联系电话：802-247-9999），可知提供了客户的延误行李档案编号，D项正确；B项未提及。故选B项。CGenetic testing offers people insight into the types of diseases they are most likely to develop but a new s
83、tudy suggests most people do not alter their lifestyles based on this information. These tests known as genome sequencing analyze a persons DNA, telling patients about their known risk for diseases like cancer or diabetes. But being told youre at a higher risk for lung cancer doesnt seem to motivate
84、 anyone to quit smoking or alcohol, this study suggests. Because of this, the scholars argue that genetic testing should be banned as a tool for improving peoples health.Todays finding came from pulling data from 18 other studies that followed people after they received the results of genetic tests.
85、 Receiving information about genetic risks didnt inspire people to eat differently, exercise more, or stop smoking, Expectations have been high that giving people information about their genetic risk will empower them to change their behavior, but we have found no evidence that this is the case, stu
86、dy author Theresa Marteau, director of behavior and health research said in a press release.Genetic testing, which the National Institutes of Health says costs anywhere from $100 to $2,000, has become much more accessible as commercial testing companies such as 23andMe and Sure Genomics have sprung
87、up. These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates with consumers thanks to the Food and Drug Administration. However, todays study didnt specify whether the genetic testing were purely from academic sequencing, or if any of these companies had had a role in supplying the data.Genet
88、ic testing doesnt get people to change their behavior for the better, but it doesnt have any known negative effects either. Knowing the results of these tests didnt change peoples depression or anxiety levels. And theres no indication that testing inspires people to pick up risky or dangerous health
89、 habits either, the study found.Actually a genetic predisposition to a certain disease is common among people. Some people are born weak in heart. Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system. But these most common risk factors usually dont raise a persons chances of getting the disease by a sig
90、nificant amount. Its possible that some of the patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare. Its still likely that communicating this type of information is very valuable to some people, but its just that there arent
91、 that many of those people, Zikmund-Fisher from the University of Michigan said. The idea that providing genetic risk information is going to be transformative to everyone seems unlikely.43. Why did some experts suggest stopping genetic testing?A. Genome sequencing arent accurate in detecting certai
92、n disease risks.B. Genetic testing results fail to encourage people to remove bad habits.C. Genetic testing does neither good nor harm to peoples behaviorial improvement.D. Genetic testing results are offered by commercial testing companies.44. The underlined word predisposition to in the passage is
93、 closest in meaning to _.A. testing onB. prediction aboutC. sensitivity toD. insight into45. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Theresa Marteau believes genetic testing helps to change peoples behaviors.B. Sure Genomics is forbidden to deliver illness risk expectat
94、ions to patients.C. Genetic testing results are totally coming from academic sequencing.D. Genetic testing results in a way worsen the patients moods and emotions.46. Its said that peoples unconcerned response to genetic testing doesnt cause much harm because _.A. getting rid of bad life habits does
95、nt do much good to peoples healthB. almost all people have certain disease risks based on genetic testingC. providing genetic risk information interferes with the medical treatmentD. genetic testing shows few people are at a high risk of getting certain diseases【答案】43. B 44. C 45. B 46. D【解析】本文是说明文。
96、文章说明了一项新的研究表明，关于人们患有某种疾病的风险性较高的基因检测并不能改变人们的生活方式。一些患者可能具有相当高的疾病风险，但这些患者往往很少。因此学者们主张应该禁止基因检测作为一种改善人们健康的工具。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“but a new study suggests most people do not alter their lifestyles based on this information. But being told youre at a higher risk for lung cancer doesnt seem to motivate an
97、yone to quit smoking or alcohol.(但是一项新的研究表明大多数人不会基于这些信息改变自己的生活方式即使被告知你患肺癌的风险更高，似乎也不会促使任何人戒烟或戒酒。) ”可知，专家们主张禁止基因检测是因为基因测试的结果并不能鼓励人们改掉抽烟或者是喝酒的坏习惯。故选B。【44题详解】词句猜测题。划线词后的句子提到“Some people are born weak in heart. Some are innately vulnerable in digestive system.（有些人生来就心脏脆弱，有些人天生消化系统脆弱。）”根据其中的“are borninnat
98、ely”可知，在人群中，在基因上就容易患有某种疾病是很普遍的。由此可以猜测，predisposition意思为“(有患某种疾病的) 倾向，易患病体质，对某种疾病敏感度高”。故选C。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段中 “These companies are not allowed to share disease risk estimates with consumers.（不允许这些公司与消费者分享疾病风险评估）”可知，Sure Genomics被禁止向患者传递疾病风险预期。故选B。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“Its possible that some of the
99、 patients in the study had substantially high disease risks based on their DNA profile, but those patients tend to be rather rare. Its still likely that communicating this type of information is very valuable to some people, but its just that there arent that many of those people,（根据他们的DNA特征，研究中的一些患
100、者可能具有相当高的疾病风险，但这些患者往往相当罕见。“对某些人来说，交流这类信息仍然很有价值，只是这样的人并不多。”）可知，人们对基因检测的不是很关心的反应不会引起太大的危害是因为基因测试表明有患上某些疾病的高风险的人还是很少。故选D。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentenc
101、es than you need.Is Multitasking Always Good?Not only do smart-phones provide unrestricted access to information, they provide perfect opportunities to multitask. Any activity can be accompanied by music, selfies or social media updates. Of course, some people pick poor times to tweet or text, and l
102、awmakers have steeped in. _47_ In Honolulu, its illegal to text or even look at your phone while crossing the street, and in the Netherlands theyve banned texting while biking._48_ You need to self-regulate. Understanding how the brain multitasks and why we find multitasking so appealing will help y
103、ou realize the danger or pulling out your phone.Multitasking feels like doing two things at the same time, so it seems the danger lies in asking one mental process to do two unrelated things - for texting drivers, watching the screen and the road.Twenty states have instituted bans on driving using a
104、 hand - held phone while still allowing hands - free calls. Yet hands - free or hand - held makes no difference. _49_ The real problem is the switch of attention between the conversation and road, and that affects performance.Please sense this, and when on the phone they drive slower and increase th
105、eir following distance, but they are far too confident that these measures reduce risks. This overconfidence extends to other activities. A 2015 survey showed that a majority of students who use social media, text or watch TV while studying think that they can still comprehend the material theyre st
106、udying.People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits. _50_ Most people will still choose to multitask. But they should, at the very least , be fully aware of how that choice affects them and the potential consequences for themselves and others. They need to pay attention
107、to how much - or how little - they are paying attention.A. But legislation（法律）wont ban all situations in which multitasking is unwise.B. They multitask for efficiency to fight boredom or to keep up with social media.C. Forty - eight states have banned texting while driving.D. However, texting while
108、biking seems so undemanding as to be harmless.E. They damage driving equivalently as far as external dangers go.F. Instead of multitasking, they take more rest breaks and get a social media fix during a break.【答案】47. C 48. A 49. E 50. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了开车时一心多用的危害是很大的。【47题详解】空后说在檀香山，过马路时发短信甚至看手机都是
109、违法的，在荷兰，他们禁止骑车时发短信，因此此处应该会提到禁止在驾车或骑车时使用手机的情况，故C项（48个州禁止开车时发短信）符合语境。【48题详解】空后说你需要自我调节，了解大脑一心多用的方式以及为什么我们发现一心多用如此吸引人，这将有助于你意识到危险或拿出手机，因此此处是说要想避免一心多用，不能只靠法律的约束，故A项（但立法不会禁止所有不明智的一心多用的情况）符合语境。【49题详解】空前说20个州已经禁止使用手持电话驾驶，同时仍然允许使用免提电话，不过，免提或手持也没什么区别，因此此处是说免提电话也会对驾驶造成危害，故E项（它们对驾驶造成的危害是相当大的）符合语境。【50题详解】空前说人们一
110、心多用是因为他们认为这样做没有害处，他们只看到了好处，此处应该会提到一心多用给他们带来了哪些好处，故B项（他们一心多用是为了提高效率，对抗无聊，或是跟上社交媒体的步伐）符合语境。【点睛】在六选四的解题过程中，空处与上下文之间的举例证明或解释说明的关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第4题，根据空前的“People multitask merely because they see no harm in it; they see benefits.”可知，人们一心多用只是因为他们认为这样做没有害处，他们只是看到了好处，此处应该会举例说明一心多用给他们带来了哪些好处，故B项（他们一心多用是为了提高效率，对
111、抗无聊，或是跟上社交媒体的步伐）符合语境。IV. Summary Writing51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.The Psychology of SpendingDr. Thomas Gilovich, psychology professor at Cornell University,
112、has studied the psychology of spending for over 20 years. According to Dr. Gilovich，“We buy things to make us happy, and we succeed, but only for a while. New things are exciting to us at first, but then we adapt to them.” In other words，once the freshness of our newest purchase wears off, we begin
113、looking for something else to buy to make us happy.Dr. Gilovich found that our satisfaction with possessions fades over time. Yet our happiness over things weve experienced increases. For that reason, he has concluded that we are spending our money on the wrong things. A study out of San Francisco S
114、tate University agrees. The research showed that those people who spent money on experiences instead of possessions were happier. They also thought their money was better invested.To begin with, activities like a trip, adventure, hobby, etc. tend to bring the participants together and unite them ove
115、r a shared interest. According to Gilovich, “We consume experiences directly with other people.” As a result, these experiences typically create a positive link and good feelings toward the other person or people.Besides, your experience shows others who you are and what you are. For example, you mi
116、ght be someone who loves taking cooking classes. More than likely, youll become known by friends and family as a great cook. They wont know you as someone who owns the latest kitchen equipment.Lastly, planned experiences arc frequently something we look forward to. Then when the moment arrives, if w
117、e enjoy the time involved in the activity, were left with fond memories. These memories will often last a lifetime. Even our worst trips, on many occasions, arc later remembered with laughter.【答案】After studying the link between spending and happiness for years, Dr. Gilovich has found that experience
118、s rather than possessions paid for will more likely bring long - lasting happiness. Firstly, activities can unite individuals, thus creating a feeling of closeness. Secondly, what we do rather than what we own shows our identity. Lastly, experiences whether good or bad, provide lasting fond memories
119、.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是概要写作，要求概括在多年研究消费和幸福之间的联系之后，季洛维奇博士发现，比起花钱买的东西，经历更可能带来长久的幸福。首先，活动可以团结个人，从而创造亲密感。其次，我们所做的比我们所拥有的更能体现我们的身份。最后，无论经历是好是坏，都能带来持久的美好回忆。注意词数要求和使用自己的语言。【详解】1、写之前，需要认真仔细地读几遍原文材料，让理解更深刻。2、遵循原文的逻辑顺序，对重要部分的主题、标题、细节进行概括，全面清晰地表明原文信息。3、给摘要起一个好标题，比如：可以采用文中的主题句。4、尽量使用自己的话完成，不要引用原文的句子，篇幅控制在原文的三分之一或四分之一长
120、。第II卷V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 科学家们下定决心要不惜一切代价完成这项艰巨的任务。(determine)（汉译英）【答案】The scientists are determined to accomplish the hard task at all costs.【解析】【详解】考查短语和时态。本句主语是The scientists，be determined to do sth表示“下
121、定决心做某事”，是谓语部分，accomplish the hard task 表示“完成艰巨的任务”，hard做定语修饰名词task，at all costs表示“不惜一切代价”，时态为一般现在时，结合句子其他部分，故翻译成The scientists are determined to accomplish the hard task at all costs.53. 如今，购物中心成了最时尚的购物场所，它提供各式各样的商品和娱乐。(variety) （汉译英）【答案】Now the shopping center has become the most fashionable shoppi
122、ng place, for it provides a wide variety of goods and entertainment.【解析】【详解】考查时态、状语从句和固定搭配。本句可由 for 引导原因状语从句，become（成了）这个动作是从过去一直持续到现在，用现在完成时，后半句讲的是事实，provide（提供）用一般现在时，固定搭配a wide variety of（各种各样的 ），主句主语 the shopping center，主句谓语has become，主句宾语 the most fashionable shopping place，从句主语 it ，从句谓语provide
123、s，从句宾语a wide variety of goods and entertainment，再根据其他汉语提示，故翻译为： Now the shopping center has become the most fashionable shopping place, for it provides a wide variety of goods and entertainment。54. 对我们来说，真正重要的是经过坚持不懈的努力获得最后的成功。(matter) （汉译英）【答案】What really matters to us is that we succeed in the end
124、 through unremitting efforts【解析】【详解】考查主语从句、表语从句、动词和短语。表示“真正重要的”用主语从句，通过后面的从句可知，主语从句中主语应是指物，所以引导词用what ，表示“对我们来说”用to us，从句中谓语动词用matter，从句讲述的是一个客观事实，what作主语，谓语用单数形式matters,所以主语从句完整形式是what really matters to us，因为主语从句是一个从句，所以主句谓语用单数形式，且是讲述客观事实，所以时态是一般现在时，即谓语动词是is，表示“最后”用短语in the end，表示“坚持不懈的努力”为unremitt
125、ing efforts，同时这个从句里的谓语动词用succeed，同样也是讲述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，从句主语是复数，主谓一致原则，从句谓语用复数，所以表语从句是we succeed in the end through unremitting efforts.又因表语从句中句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以表语从句的引导词用that,故翻译为What really matters to us is that we succeed in the end through unremitting efforts。55. 直到二十世纪晚期，中国运动员才开始在奥运会上以出色的表现震惊世界。( It )
126、（汉译英）【答案】It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their excellent performance at the Olympics.【解析】【详解】考查it强调句型和时态。由句意可知，时态用一般过去时，本句可用it强调句型“It is / was not until that ”（直到才），主语“中国运动员”表达为Chinese athletes，谓语“开始”为began，宾语“用他们出色的表现让世界震惊”为to amaze th
127、e world with their excellent performance ，再根据其它汉语提示，故翻译为：It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their excellent performance at the Olympics。VI. Guided Writing56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120150 words according to the instruc
128、tions given below in Chinese.现在，国家规定高中生必须参加社会实践活动，社会上对此反响不一。教育专家们认为这有利于培养学生服务社会的意识，而有些家长认为这浪费了学生很多时间。请谈谈你的看法。【答案】 Social Practice in EducationNowadays students must take part in social practice activities. During the holidays, more and more students choose to be the volunteers, taking part-time jobs
129、, or taking part in other practical activities alike. Different people have different views about it.Some think that social practice in education is of little significance and they dont care about it at all. They think that it will waste much time. While others hold opposite views about it. They con
130、sider it an important component of school education, which plays a vital role in students development. Meanwhile, the knowledge in our textbooks is so limited that it cant meet our needs for our future.From where I stand, on one hand, there is no denying the fact that social practice in education is
131、 necessary for the reason that all of us will fit in society. On the other hand, we should keep a balance between social practice in education and our study in order not to affect our academic performance.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文写作，要求考生就高中生参加社会实践活动谈谈自己的看法。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：议论文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法要求
132、：现在，国家规定高中生必须参加社会实践活动，社会上对此反响不一。教育专家们认为这有利于培养学生服务社会的意识，而有些家长认为这浪费了学生很多时间。请谈谈你的看法。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）take part in；choose to；different views；be of little significance；play a vital role in；meet needs；there is no denying；keep a balance第三步：连词成句1. Nowadays students must take part in social practice activities.
133、2. During the holidays, more and more students choose to be the volunteers, take part-time jobs, or take part in other practical activities alike.3. Different people have different views about it.4. Some think that social practice in education is of little significance and they dont care about it at
134、 all.5. They consider it an important component of school education, which plays a vital role in students development.6. Meanwhile, the knowledge in our textbooks is so limited that it cant meet our needs for our future.7. From where I stand, on one hand, there is no denying the fact that social pra
135、ctice in education is necessary for the reason that all of us will fit in society.8. On the other hand, we should keep a balance between social practice in education and our study in order not to affect our academic performance.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）表转折对比关系：while others, sothat,
136、 On the one hand,On the other hand连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1Some think that social practice in education is of little significance and they dont care about it at all.运用that引导宾语从句。高分句型2They consider it an important component of school education, which plays a vital role in students development.运用which引导非限制性定语从句。高分句型3Meanwhile, the knowledge in our textbooks is so limited that it cant meet our needs for our future.运用结果状语从句。
