1、Period 4语法专题课学习目标.Know the rules of this grammar point.1.The -ing form can be used as the attribute.2.The -ing form can be used as the adverbial of time/reason/accompanying/result.Make use of the rules to make sentences.呈现新知Look through the first reading passage,write out the missing part of the eig
2、ht sentences and point out their functions in the sentences.1.Yesterday,another student and I,went to the Capital International Airport to meet this years international students.2.I saw several young people enter the waiting area.3.I stood for a minute and then went to greet them.4.She stepped back
3、and put up her hands.5.Then Akira Nagata from Japan came in .6.Just at that moment,however,Akira bowed so his nose touched .7.When Darlene Coulon from France came dashing through the door,she recognized Tony Garcias face.8.In the same way that people communicate with spoken language,they also expres
4、s their feelings .感受新知Fill in the blanks using the correct form of the following verbs.observedeliverfocustouchapproachenjoydefendshake1.He is a postman letters from door to door.2.While the professor was doing the experiment,the boy sat there carefully.3.He lost his life the honor of his nation.4.S
5、he sat by the windows, the beautiful sights outside.5.The buildings showed us that an earthquake was coming.6.How attentive the students are! They are all sitting straight, their eyes on the screen.7.It is exciting to watch athletes reach the other end of the swimming pool.8.The blind man walked the
6、 walls of the building.归纳拓展.Read the following sentences and find out the function of the underlined part.1.On the bed lies a sleeping baby.2.There is a baby sleeping in the bed.3.Looking about,he saw nothing around him.4.Tom stood there,not moving,and waited for the approaching bus.5.You speak Engl
7、ish very well,considering you have only been studying for a year.According to Chinese,fill in the blanks of the following sentences and find out their functions in the sentences.1.(听到这个好消息),we were all excited.2.(不知道他的地址),we couldnt get in touch with him.3.The teacher stood there,(同另一个老师谈话).4.(往右转),
8、you will find the post office.5.I turned off the light,(所以什么也看不见).6.(尽管相信他的话),we still think that he hasnt tried his best.7.After a discussion,our family went (购物)together.8.(从她的外表看),she seems to be a doctor.巩固运用.单句改错1.Sarah pretended to be cheerful,said nothing about the argument.2.Sit down,Emma.Yo
9、u will only make yourself tired,to keep on your feet.3.Mike found his missing car in the street outside his house looked newly polished.4.Look over theretheres a very long,winding path leads up to the house.5.Recently a survey compared prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has cause
10、d a heated debate among citizens.6.Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures,some had a life span of around 20 years.7.More highways have been built in China,to make it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.8.Do you wake up every morning feel energetic and ready to start a new
11、day?9.Gather around the fire,the tourists danced with the local people.10.On receiving a phone call from his wife says she had a fall,Mr Green immediately rushed home from his office.单项填空1.(2014北京卷)Last night,there were millions of people the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watchB.to watchC.watchedD.w
12、atching2.The lecture, at 7:00 pm last night,was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes.A.startingB.being startedC.to startD.to be started 3.(2014大纲卷)Today there are more airplanes more people than ever before in the skies.A.carryB.carryingC.carriedD.to be carrying4.Mark lives in a bi
13、g pleasant room approximately 5 meters by 6 meters.A.measuresB.measuringC.to be measuredD.having measured5.(2014福建卷) the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong,Linda appears more mature than those of her age.A.SpendingB.SpentC.Having spentD.To spend6.“You cant catch me!” Janet shouted, away.A
14、.runB.runningC.to runD.ran7.(2014湖南卷)There is no greater pleasure than lying on my back in the middle of the grassland; at the night sky.A.to stareB.staringC.staredD.having stared8. how to work out the difficult physics problem,he asked the teacher for help.A.Not to knowB.Not knowingC.Knowing notD.N
15、ot known9.(2014江西卷) nearly all our money,we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.A.Having spentB.To spendC.SpentD.To have spent10.many times,he still repeated the same mistake.A.Having been toldB.Having toldC.TellingD.Told 11.(2014山东卷)Theres a note pinned to the door when the shop will open again.A.say
16、ingB.saysC.saidD.having said12.(2013北京卷) the course very difficult,she decided to move to a lower level.A.FindB.FindingC.To findD.Found13.(2013江苏卷)Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year,is considered the most talented football player in Europe.A.setB.settingC.to setD.having s
17、et14.(2013湖南卷)The sun began to rise in the sky, the mountain in golden light.A.bathedB.bathingC.to have bathedD.having bathed15.(2013辽宁卷)Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail for her.A.waitedB.to waitC.waitingD.was waiting16.(2013山东卷)The room is empty exc
18、ept for a bookshelf in one corner.A.standingB.to standC.standsD.stood17.(2013山东卷) at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.A.Having eatenB.To eatC.EatD.Eating18.(2013四川卷) which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.A.Not knowingB.Knowing notC.Not knownD.Known n
19、ot19.(2013新课标卷)I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington.A.caughtB.to have caughtC.to catchD.having caught20.(2013新课标卷)The sunlight is white and blinding,hard-edged shadows on the ground.A.throwingB.being thrownC.to throwD.to be thrown参考答案呈现新知1.representing our universitys
20、 student association2.looking around curiously3.watching them4.appearing surprised5.smiling6.Georges moving hand7.smiling8.using unspoken “language” through physical distance,actions and posture感受新知1.delivering2.observing3.defending4.enjoying5.shaking6.focusing7. approaching8.touching归纳拓展.1.“Sleepin
21、g” is a single -ing form which modifies the noun“baby”,so it is placed before the noun“baby”.2.“Sleeping in the bed” is an -ing phrase modifying a noun phrase “a baby”,so it is placed behind the noun phrase “a baby”.3.“Looking about” is placed at the beginning of the sentence but it can also be put
22、at the end of the sentence.4.“Not moving” modifies the predicate “stood there”,so it is put in the middle of the sentence.5.“Considering you have only been studying for a year” in the sentence is placed at the end of the sentence,but it can also be put at the beginning of the sentence.1.Hearing the
23、good newsHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of time.2.Not knowing his addressHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of reason.3.talking with another teacherHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of accompanying.4.Turning to the rightHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of condi
24、tion.5.seeing nothingHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of result.6.Admitting what he saidHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of giving in.7.shoppingHere the -ing form is used as an adverbial of purpose.8.Judging from her appearanceHere the logical subject of “Judging from her appeara
25、nce” is not the subject of the main sentence,so it is an exception.巩固运用.1.saidsaying考查非谓语动词。句意:萨拉假装开心,对那次争论什么也没说。句中没有连词,故said改为saying,在句中是伴随状语。2.to keepkeeping考查非谓语动词。句意:埃玛,你坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。to keep表示将来。make yourself tired与keep on your feet同时进行,故to keep改为keeping。3.lookedlooking考查非谓语动词。句意:迈克在他屋子外的大街上发现了
26、他丢失的汽车,看上去刚打过蜡。looked是谓语形式,但句中没有连词;looking表明车子的特性,作伴随状语,故looked改为looking。4.leadsleading考查非谓语动词。句意:看那儿,有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。leading作path的后置定语,相当于which leads。paredcomparing考查非谓语动词。句意:最近一项调查引起了市民们的激烈讨论,该调查是比较在两个不同超市里的相同商品的价格。句子的主语是a survey,谓语动词是has caused,宾语是a heated debate。由此可见,原句不缺主干成分,“ prices of the
27、 same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的,作后置定语。由于prices作compare的宾语,是主动形式,故compared改为comparing。6.hadhaving考查独立主格结构。句意:令人惊讶的是,蝙蝠是长寿的动物,有些能活20年左右。had是谓语动词形式,题中没有连词,一个简单句中不能同时存在两个谓语动词,having是动词-ing形式表示伴随。7.to makemaking考查非谓语动词。句意:中国已经修建了许多高速公路,人们更加方便地从一个地点到另外一个地点旅游。to make作目的状语,不符合句意;mak
28、ing it.是动词-ing形式在句中作结果状语,但是此句中如果去掉in China后的逗号,用to make也是正确的。8.feelfeeling考查非谓语动词。句意:每天早上醒来后,你是否感到精力充沛,并为新的一天做好了准备?wake up作句子的谓语,句中没有连词,因此用谓语动词feel是不对的。feel 和you 之间是主谓关系,故用feeling作伴随状语。9.GatherGathering考查非谓语动词。句意:游客们围绕在火堆旁边,与当地人一起跳舞。gather 的动作由the tourists执行,用主动形式,并与dance同时进行,故用gathering,表示伴随。10.say
29、ssaying考查非谓语动词。句意:在接到妻子的电话说她摔倒后,格林先生立刻从办公室冲回家。非谓语动词修饰phone call,前后动词的动作在同一时间发生,表主动进行用动词-ing形式,表示伴随。.1.D考查非谓语动词。句意:昨天晚上,好几百万人在电视上观看了开幕式的直播。此处为非谓语动词修饰people,且表示主动,故用现在分词形式,相当于一个定语从句who watched.。2.A考查非谓语动词的用法。根据last night可知start已经发生,故排除C、D两项(不定式常表将来),B项(being done)一般表示一个被动动作正在进行,也排除。The lecture和start之间
30、是主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式作定语。3.B考查非谓语动词。句意:与以前相比,如今天空中有更多的飞机来运送更多的乘客。“ more people”是定语,修饰airplanes。且airplanes和carry之间是主谓关系,因此B项正确。4.B考查动词-ing形式作定语。本句中的动词measure可以作为及物动词vt.“测量;估量”;也可以表示“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为”。本句中的measure表示的就是第二层含义“距离(或长度、宽度、数量等)为”;动词measure与前面的名词room构成逻辑上的主动关系,故使用动词-ing形式measuring approximately 5 m
31、eters by 6 meters来修饰前面的名词room。句意:马克生活在一个面积大约为5米乘6米的很大的舒服的房子里。故B项正确。5.C考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:作为交换生在香港待了一年,琳达看上去要比她的同龄人更成熟。分析句子结构可知,所填部分在句中作状语,且与句子的主语之间是主动关系,排除B项;根据句意可知,非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,故选C项。6.B考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式running与句中主语Janet为逻辑上的主谓关系,与句中谓语动词shout同时发生。句意:“你抓不住我!”珍妮特喊着,逃跑了。故B项正确。动词-ing形式作状语的用法需要注意动词-i
32、ng形式的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。7.B考查非谓语动词。句意:没有什么乐趣能比得上躺在草地中央,凝望夜空。根据句意可知,“躺在草地中央”与“凝望夜空”是同时发生的动作,因此用现在分词形式作伴随状语。8.B考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。句意:不知道怎么解决这个难的物理问题,他向老师求助。因为he和know是主动关系,用动词-ing形式作状语,否定式是在动词-ing形式前面加not,选B项。9.A考查非谓语动词。句意:几乎把我们所有的钱都花光了,我们住不起旅馆了。分析句子结构可知,所填部分在句中作原因状语,与句子的主语之间构成逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。10.A考查非谓语动词。句意:他虽
33、然被告诉过许多次但仍旧犯同样的错误。这里是非谓语动词作状语,having done在谓语动词之前发生表示主动。having been done在谓语动词之前发生表示被动。故选A项。11.A考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,此处要用非谓语动词形式修饰前面的名词a note,且note与say之间为逻辑上的主动关系,故要用现在分词的一般式作后置定语。句意:在门上钉着一张字条,上面说商店何时将会再次开张。12.B考查非谓语动词。句意:她发现这门课程很难,决定转学难度小一些的课程。主语she与动词find之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作原因状语。13.D考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,该句的主句结构
34、是非常完整的,缺少的成分只能是非谓语形式,主语Lionel Messi与set the record是主动关系,而且“创纪录”已经完成,所以用现在分词的完成式。14.B考查非谓语动词。bath“沐浴,笼罩”,可作及物动词。“the mountain in golden light”在题目中作状语。A项为过去分词,表被动和完成;B项为现在分词作状语;C项为不定式的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前;D项为现在分词的完成式,表示该动作发生在谓语动词之前。句意:太阳开始在空中升起,那座山沐浴在金色的阳光里。故选B项。15.C考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,there be句型结构完整,缺少的只是
35、修饰成分,排除D项;a pile of mail与wait之间存在主动关系,所以选择现在分词形式作后置定语。16.A考查非谓语动词。句意:这个房间空荡荡的,只不过是角落里立着一个书架。根据except for可知,后面不能用谓语动词形式,且bookshelf与stand之间存在逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词作后置定语。故选A项。17.A考查非谓语动词。句意:蒂娜以前曾在这家自助餐厅吃过饭,她不想再去了。根据句意可知,此处非谓语动词表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前,且主语Tina与eat存在逻辑上的主动关系,故要用现在分词的完成式。因此A项正确。18.A考查非谓语动词。句意:由于不知道上哪一所大学,这个女孩向她的老师征求建议。非谓语动词的否定式,应把not置于非谓语动词的前面,故排除B项和D项;由于know与主句的主语the girl之间存在主动关系,故选A项。19.D考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知,赶上七点半的火车这件事发生在前,到达办公室发生在后,为了体现动作的先后,故使用分词的完成式;主句主语与catch之间是主动关系,所以选D项。20.A考查非谓语动词。句意:阳光明亮刺眼,在地上投下轮廓分明的影子。所填部分在句中作伴随状语,且the sunlight 与throw之间是主动关系,故用现在分词。
