1、Section Language Awareness & Culture Corner & Bulletin Board根据提示写出下列单词1_ n工匠2_ n. 读写能力；有文化3_ n. 武器4_ n. 指南针；罗盘5_ adj. 有磁力的6_ v. 导航；航行【答案】1.craftsman2.literacy3.weapon 4compass5.magnetic6.navigate根据提示补全下列短语1defend._.保护免受(侵害)2as well_ 除以外(还)；也3plenty _ 充足的；大量的4_ addition 另外5be associated _ 与相关联6be mad
2、e _ 由制成7lead _ 导致；通向8prevent._. 阻止9be/get stuck _ 被卡住/陷入/困住【答案】1.against2.as3.of4.in5.with6from7.to8.from9.in根据提示补全下列教材原句1On the border of England and Wales，it is full of beauty，with high hills，wooded countryside and picturesque towns and villages，_ makes it an ideal place to visit.在英格兰与威尔士的交界处，到处都是
3、美景群山耸立、乡村内树木繁茂、村镇内风景如画，这一切使它成了一个理想的旅游胜地。2Because of the invention of paper，the Chinese were one of the first nations _ producing historical records，maps and literature.由于纸的发明，中国成为最早开始出现历史记录、地图和文学的国家之一。【答案】1.all of which2.to start阅读P30课文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式Ancient Chinese InventionsThe ancie
4、nt Chinese made many great inventions，some of 1._ have changed the world.For example，the ancient Chinese 2._ (invent)and were using paper，which was made 3._ bamboo.Because of the invention of paper，China became the first nation to produce 4._ (history)records，maps and literature.In 1045 AD，Bi Sheng
5、invented the printing press，which was made by 5._ (carve)wooden blocks with characters.This invention made 6._ quicker and easier 7._(reproduce) written work and led to the first ever massproduction of books and literature.In 8._ 8th century AD，gunpowder was invented，which was used in wars and led t
6、o the 9._ (develop)of different kinds of weapons.The ancient Chinese invented the compass when they noticed that certain kinds of metals 10._ (usual)lined up in a north to south position.While in the West magnetism was not discovered until the 15th century.【答案】1.which2.invented3.from4.historical5.ca
7、rving6.it7.to reproduce8.the 9development10.usually sensible adj.明智的，有感觉的(教材P29)It is probably sensible to base yourself in Ludlow，which is the biggest town in the district.以该地区最大的城镇拉德洛为据点可能是明智的。The seriously wounded soldier was speechless but still sensible.那个受了重伤的士兵不能说话但仍有知觉。Are you sensible _ the
8、 danger of your position?你察觉到你处境危险了吗？【答案】of明辨异同sensible，sensitivesensible通常指人用感官去感觉，其后常接of短语或to短语，分别表示“知道的，觉察的”和“对有感觉的”。它还可用来表示“通情达理的，明智的”或“懂事的”，用来说明事物是“合理的，行得通的”。sensitive强调感觉的敏锐、激烈，常译为“敏感的”，其后常接介词to；它还可指价格、要求等“易波动的”，仪器等“灵敏的”。sensible，sensitiveA barometer(气压计)is_to changes in atmospheric pressure.H
9、e should not treat you like this.You are_；dont care much about this.【答案】sensitivesensible arrange v整理；布置；排列(教材P30)The blocks were then arranged to form the words on a page.然后这些方块被排列形成纸上的文字。(1)arrange (for) sth.安排；协商arrange sth.for sb. 为某人安排某事arrange for sb.to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrange (with sb.) to do
10、sth. (与某人)约定做某事arrangethat从句 商定；安排(2)arrangement n. 整理；布置；排列；准备；筹备make arrangements for 为做准备come to some arrangement 达成协议Have you arranged to meet Mark this weekend?你安排好了这个周末与马克会面了吗？He arranged that the meeting (should)be put off until next week.他安排把会议推迟到下周。Ive arranged for a window cleaner _ (come)
11、on Thursday.我已经安排好一个窗户清洁工星期四来。Mother arranged an appointment _ me with the dentist.母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。【答案】to comefor名师点津如何“安排”(1)“安排某人做某事”不能用“arrange sb.to do sth.”，而要用“arrange for sb.to do sth.”。(2)arrange后跟that引导的宾语从句时，从句要用“shoulddo”型虚拟语气，其中should 可省略。 available adj.可用到的，可利用的(教材P30)Because books became m
12、ore widely available to the public，general literacy in China was a lot better than anywhere else in the world.因为书籍变得越来越普及，中国人的整体文化素养比世界上任何其他地方要好得多。be available for可用来做be available to sb. 对某人来说是可利用的be available to do sth. 可用来做某事There is no money available for an office party this year.今年没有钱举办办公室聚会了。I
13、ts vital that food is made available _ the faminehit areas.把食品送到遭受饥荒的地区是至关重要的。The insurance will be available _ customers even during the most popular holidays such as Labor Day.即使在像五一节这样受欢迎的假期顾客也可使用此保险。【答案】toto lead to通往；通向；导致(教材P30)This invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce writte
14、n work and led to the first ever massproduction of books and literature.这项发明使得复制作品变得更省时、省力，从而实现了书籍和文学作品的首次批量生产。lead sb.into/out of.领某人进/出lead sb.to do sth. 使得某人做某事lead sb.in doing sth. 领导某人做某事lead a.life 过着的生活lead the way 带路Our guide led us to the temple to begin with.首先导游把我们带到这座庙。What led you _ (be
15、lieve)her and change your mind?什么促使你相信她的话而改变主意的？He led us in _ (build)a strong country.他领导我们建设强大的国家。【答案】to believebuilding (教材P31)I think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from_getting_stuck_in traffic jams.我认为将有一个发明可以帮助司机免受交通阻塞之苦。(1)prevent.from doing sth.阻止做某事；不让做某事Her sudd
16、en arrival prevented/stopped/kept him from _ (go) out.她突然来到，使他不能外出。【答案】going名师点津在keep.from doing sth.结构中from不能省略，且在被动语态中from都不能省略。(2)get stuck in被卡住/陷入/困住get married结婚get burnt 烧伤，烫伤get broken 损坏，遭到破坏get lost 迷路My glasses got broken while I was playing basketball.我的眼镜在打篮球时弄坏了。The child got _ (burn)w
17、hile playing with fire.那小孩玩火时把自己烧伤了。【答案】burnt.语境填词1They made an _ (arrange)to meet at 3 pm.2They got permission to take action in self _ (defend)3My grandmother got _ (marry)at the age of seventeen.【答案】1.arrangement2.defence3.married.选词填空1The bad harvest _ severe food shortage.2It _ you to refuse hi
18、s offer.3When would you _ start work here?4Here we are well _ a surprise attack.5Whats more，they often _ the mud. 【导学号：34422012】【答案】1.led to2.was sensible of3.be available to4.defended against5.got stuck in (教材P29)On the border of England and Wales，it is full of beauty，with high hills，wooded country
19、side and picturesque towns and villages，all_of_which makes it an ideal place to visit.在英格兰与威尔士的交界处，到处都是美景群山耸立、乡村内树木繁茂、村镇内风景如画，这一切使它成了一个理想的旅游胜地。【要点提炼】本句为主从复合句，all of which引导非限制性定语从句，all of which属于“代词介词关系代词”结构。I have two bikes，both of which were bought yesterday.我有两辆自行车，都是昨天买的。(1)“the名词ofwhich”引导非限制性定
20、语从句时，相当于“whose名词”。(2)“the形容词比较级或最高级ofwhich/whom”引导非限制性定语从句。(3)“数词ofwhich/whom”引导非限制性定语从句时，也可以把“ofwhich/whom”置于数词前。The child was saved by a man，the name of whom was not known.The child was saved by a man，whose name was not known.这个孩子被一位不知姓名的男子救了。Two ladies were walking towards us，the taller of _ was
21、my aunt.两位女士正向我们走来，个子较高的是我的姨妈。He downloaded some songs，four of _ were very sweet.他下载了一些歌曲，其中有四首非常好听。【答案】whomwhich名师点津关系代词选择的注意点在“代词/名词/数词介词which/whom”结构中，当先行词为人时，只能用whom；当先行词为物时，只能用which。 (教材P30)Because of the invention of paper，the Chinese were one of the first nations to start producing historical
22、 records，maps and literature.由于纸的发明，中国成为最早开始出现历史记录、地图和文学的国家之一。【要点提炼】句中不定式短语to start producing historical records，maps and literature作后置定语，修饰the first nations。常接不定式作定语的情况：(1)way，time，plan，right，chance，reason，wish等名词后面常用不定式作定语(2)名词前有表示次序的词(如the first，the last等)或有形容词最高级时，其后常用不定式作后置定语(3)the only，the ver
23、y，the next等修饰的词后面常用不定式作定语Thank you for giving me the chance to make the speech.感谢你给我发言的机会。This is the only way _ (open)the door at present.这是目前打开门的唯一方法。【答案】to open完成句子1她是唯一一个地震中幸存的人。She was the only person _.2我有三个孩子，他们都毕业于同一所大学。I have three children，_.3中国有成千上万的岛屿，其中最大的为台湾岛。China has thousands of isl
24、ands，_.【答案】1.to survive the earthquake2.all of whom graduated from the same university3.the largest of which is Taiwan代词阅读下列句子，体会黑体部分的用法1They are amongst the scores of castles in the area.2Three restaurants hold the famous Michelin star, which is really quite surprising when you think that there are
25、 only several of them in the whole country.3I have something important to consult you.4There are plenty of good hotels and restaurants in Ludlow and their food has an excellent reputation.5As the wellknown local historian, David Lloyd, has said, “there are few towns like ours in Britain with such fi
26、ne architecture.”6These are just some of the things that make Ludlow a very special town.7There are also plenty of things to do for those who like the outdoors.8You will find yourself in Broad Street with its impressive 18th century houses.9If you have children, drop in to The Secret Hills Discovery
27、 Centre in Craven Arms where they can learn all about the area and enjoy themselves at the same time.在句中代替名词(或相当于名词的词)、词组、短语或句子的词称为代词。根据指代对象的不同，代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、不定代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词等。在句中代词可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等句子成分。一、人称代词1人称代词的主格通常作主语，宾格作宾语；作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，口语中尤其如此。He has finished his homework.他已经
28、完成了作业。2作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，通常用宾格。I like English.我喜欢英语。Me too.我也喜欢。3在than，as后用主格、宾格都可以。Im taller than我比她高。4强调句中人称代词的使用应该看其具体所作的成分而定。It is he who helped me out of trouble.是他帮助我脱离困境的。二、不定代词1both，all，either，any，neither，none的用法意义数的范围都任何都不两者botheitherneither三者或三者以上allanynoneBoth of us are from the c
29、ountryside.我们两个都来自农村。All of us were excited at the news.听到这则消息我们大家都兴奋了。You can take either of the books as you like.你可以随意从这两本书中拿一本。Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?周一和周二你哪天能来？Im afraid neither day is possible.恐怕(这两天)哪天都不行。2none，nothing，nobody(no one)的用法单词意义指代范围特/泛指回答问句类型谓语单复数能否与of连用none一个(点)也没有人或物特
30、指how many/much引导的疑问句单/复数能nothing什么也没有物泛指what引导的疑问句单数不能nobody/no one一个人也没有人泛指who引导的疑问句单数不能How much money do you have?你有多少钱？None.一点也没有。What are you doing?你在做什么？Nothing.什么也没做。3each，every，either，any的用法单词意义应用与not连用each指两个或两个以上的人或物中的“每一个”，侧重个体单独应用not.each或each.not表部分否定修饰名词(单数)后接of短语every侧重三个或三个以上的“每一个”，侧重
31、全体，强调“无一例外”修饰名词(单数)not.every或every.not表部分否定either代指两个人或事物中的任意一个，表选择单独应用not eitherneither表全部否定修饰名词(单数)后接of短语any代指三个或三个以上的“任何，任何一个”表选择单独应用not anyno/none表全部否定修饰名词(单数)后接of短语Each of the tickets costs 10 dollars.Each ticket costs 10 dollars.The tickets cost 10 dollars each.The tickets each cost 10 dollars
32、.每张票10美元。Every man is not honest.Not every man is honest.并非每个人都诚实。三、所有格代词所有格代词(物主代词)是用来表示所有关系的。分为形容词性和名词性两类。类别人称和性数形容词性第一人称第二人称第三人称阳性阴性中性单数myyourhisherits复数ouryourtheir单数mineyourshishersits复数oursyourstheirs四、指示代词指示代词有this，these，that，those，such，the same(同样的)，so等，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。1指示代词this和that的区别this(
33、these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.这是我的课桌，那是你的。this常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this：the English party will be held on Saturday afternoon.我想告诉你这件事：英语晚会将在星期六下午举行。He hurt his leg yesterday.Thats why he didnt come.昨天他的腿受伤了，那就是
34、他没有来的原因。2打电话时通常用this表示自己，that表示对方。3that与those可代替前面所提过的名词，以避免重复，不可数名词和单数可数名词用that，复数可数名词用those代替，这种情况一般不用this和these。The climate of Guangzhou is much better than that of Xian.广州的天气比西安好多了。4one，ones，that，those的用法区别one用来替代前面出现的单数名词，是泛指概念，相当于a/an单数名词。ones用来替代前面出现的复数名词，也是泛指概念。that用来替代前面出现的同名同物的名词，是同类替代，但并非
35、同一个，可以是可数单数概念，也可以是不可数，为特指概念。those用来替代复数名词，是特指概念，相当于the复数名词，但多用于两者间的另一方。五、反身代词表示“某人自己”的代词称为反身代词。第一、二人称的反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加self或selves构成，第三人称的反身代词由人称代词的宾格加self或selves构成。人称数第一人称第二人称第三人称单数myselfyourselfhimself，herself，itself复数ourselvesyourselvesthemselves六、关系代词关系代词指的是引导定语从句的that，which，who，whom，whose，as等。例如：
36、The radio that he bought yesterday is not expensive.他昨天买的收音机不贵。He is the man who lives next door to ours.他就是住在我们隔壁的人。.单句语法填空1The research group produced two reports based on the survey，but _ contained my useful suggestions.2Niki is always full of ideas，but _ is useful to my knowledge.3How would you
37、like _ if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?4In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from_in the UK.5To warm himself，the sailor sat in front of the first rubbing one bare foot against the _.【答案】
38、1.neither2.none3.it4.that5.other.单句改错1She gave the books to you，him and I._2I havent brought the dictionary with me.Will you lend me your?_3I dont think that possible to master a foreign language in a short time._4I invited Tom and Ann to dinner，but both of them came._5These plants are watered each other day._【答案】1.I改为me2.your改为yours3.that改为it4.both改为neither5.each改为every