1、Unit 4 Public transport网约车在中国获合法地位The Chinese government has formally legalised online car-hailing services, including San Francisco-based Uber and Beijings Didi Chuxing, giving a boost to an industry that has operated in a grey area.中国政府已正式将网约车服务合法化，包括总部位于旧金山的优步(Uber)和北京的滴滴出行(Didi Chuxing)，此举让这个一直在
2、灰色地带运营的行业获得提振。Both groups welcomed the provisional rules, unveiled by the transport ministry yesterday, which Didi referred to as the worlds first nationwide online ride-booking regulations.两家公司都对中国交通部昨日公布的网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法表示欢迎，滴滴称其为世界范围内颁布的第一个国家级的网约车法规。Uber said the regulations sent a clear messag
3、e of support for ride-sharing and the benefits that it offers riders, drivers and cities.优步表示，暂行办法体现了政府对网约车新业态的认可和支持。China was a country that has consistently shown itself to be forward-thinking when it comes to business innovation, the US group added.优步补充称，中国在面对创新时一直具有前瞻性。Car-hailing has been met w
4、ith protests and bans in many countries, but Beijing has sought to co-opt the technology to promote economic growth.网约车服务在很多国家遭遇抗议和禁令，但中国政府寻求利用这种技术促进经济增长。The car-hailing rules set a precedent for other industries in China such as finance and healthcare where regulators are considering how much disru
5、ption can be tolerated from fast-moving internet companies.网约车规定为中国其他行业（例如金融和医疗）设立了先例，在这些行业，监管者正考虑在多大程度上容忍快速发展的互联网公司造成的颠覆性影响。Car-hailing has quickly grown from a niche sector to a large industry in China, where the ubiquity of smartphones has translated into millions of rides a day. Didi has claimed
6、 to be handling 14m rides a day across its platforms, including licensed taxis and car pooling as well as private car hailing.在中国，网约车已迅速从一个小众领域发展为一个大规模产业，智能手机的普及转变为每日数百万次出行。滴滴声称其平台每天在处理1，400万次的完成订单，这个平台包括有执照的出租车和拼车以及专车服务。骑车上班更环保In many cities across the United States, May 20 was Bike to Work Day. Th
7、e day encourages people to try bicycling to work instead of driving or taking a bus or train.在美国很多城市，5月20日是骑车上班日。这一节日的设立是为了鼓励人们骑车上班，而不是开车、乘坐公汽或火车。Biking has not always been a popular kind of transportation in the United States. But, in some cities, using a bike to commute is increasingly normal. The
8、 League of American Bicyclists website says that, from 2000 to 2013, the number of people who biked to work regularly in the U.S. grew by 62 percent.在美国自行车并不是常用的交通工具。但在一些城市，骑车上下班越来越常见。美国骑车者联盟网站表示，从2000年到2013年，美国经常骑车上班的人数增长了62%。This year, bike to workday 2016 even trended on Twitter Friday in the Uni
9、ted States.今年，2016年骑车上班日甚至成为了美国推特周五的热点事件。The League of American Bicyclists created National Bike Month in 1956. The month of May was chosen because it usually brings warmer weather. The month-long celebration aims to inspire cyclists and others to share the road and make biking more enjoyable and po
10、pular in America.美国骑车者联盟在1956年设立了全国自行车月。选择五月是因为五月的天气通常比较温暖。这一长达一个月的庆祝活动旨在鼓励骑车者和其他人共用车道，让骑车在美国更享受、更受欢迎。National Bike to Work Day helps new bikers try cycling as a way to commute. In big U.S. cities, local bicycle groups provide Bike to Work Day participants with food, drinks and support as they make
11、their journeys.全国骑车上班日可以帮助新骑手尝试骑车方式上下班。在美国大城市，当地自行车团体为节日参与者在骑车途中提供食物、饮水和其他支持。The U.S. Census reported this year that around 1 million people regularly use a bicycle to get to work or school. But not everyone is interested in becoming a bike commuter.美国人口普查局今年报告称，大约有100万人经常骑车上班或上学。但并非所有人都愿意成为骑车通勤者。St
12、udies often cite the dangers of biking, especially in large cities with many cars. A 2007 study by the Centers for Disease Control found that you are two times as likely to die on a bike than in a car.研究总是显示骑车具有危险性，尤其是在有很多汽车的大城市。美国疾病控制预防中心2007年发布的一份研究表明，骑车死亡的风险是开车的两倍。And, many U.S. cities do not yet
13、 have many bicycle lanes or bicycle-friendly roads.而且，很多美国城市尚不具备自行车道或适合骑自行车的道路。Cycling, of course, does have many benefits. It is good for your heath. Research says that three hours of biking a week can reduce a persons risk of heart disease by 50 percent. Cycling is also environmentally friendly. A
14、nd, it is cheaper than other forms of transportation. On social media Friday, people celebrated the benefits of biking.当然骑车确实有很多好处，它对健康有益。研究称，每周骑车3个小时可以减少50%的心脏病风险。骑车也很环保，而且，它比其他交通方式更实惠。周五活动当天在社交媒体上，人们赞美了骑车的好处。Here in Washington, DC, Bike to Work Day is especially important this year. Starting in Ju
15、ne, many lines and stations along the districts metro rail system will be closed for long-term repairs. Not being able to use the train has many people wondering how they will get around.在华盛顿特区，骑车上班活动尤为重要。从6月份开始，该区地铁系统沿线的很多线路和站点都将长期关闭维修。不能坐地铁让很多人担心出行问题。One Twitter user joked that DCs metro system mu
16、st just be a proud sponsor or supporter of Bike to Work Day.一位推特用户开玩笑说，华盛顿特区的地铁系统肯定是骑车上班日的赞助商或支持者。【试题导读】远在天南地北、千里之外的新鲜果品，快速运到各地供人们尝鲜；上学、上班、旅游、物资运输、传递信息，可以风雨无阻，这些都是公共交通带给我们的好处，它既方便了人们的出行，又对减轻环境污染有重要的意义。高考试题对公共交通这一话题的考查以各种题型呈现着，从下面的高考试题可见一斑。I. 完形填空（2016全国新课标卷I）A Heroic Driver体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文Larry救人的故事2
17、5114分钟Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from unde
18、r the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle.
19、 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.Once fire an
20、d emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved th
21、e womans life.41. A. walkingB. touringC. travelingD. rushing42. A. passengersB. colleaguesC. employersD. customers43. A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If44. A. eachB. anotherC. thatD. his45. A. flamesB. smokeC. waterD. steam46. A. usedB. disabledC. removedD. abandoned47. A. got hold ofB. preparedC. took c
22、harge ofD. controlled48. A. came downB. came throughC. came inD. came over49. A. returnedB. receivedC. madeD. confirmed50. A. thenB. againC. finallyD. even51. A. StartingB. ParkingC. PassingD. Approaching52. A. quietB. stillC. awayD. calm53. A. forB. soC. andD. but54. A. explodeB. slip awayC. fall a
23、partD. crash55. A. as ifB. unlessC. in caseD. after56. A. stepped forwardB. backed offC. moved onD. set out57. A. womanB. policeC. manD. driver58. A. forbiddenB. readyC. askedD. free59. A. for certainB. for considerationC. reportedD. checked60. A. patienceB. skillsC. effortsD. promise【试题分析】本文是一篇记叙文，
24、主要介绍了Larry在送货回来的路上遇到了一辆着火的汽车。他不顾个人安危，勇敢地拿起灭火器去救火，并挽救了汽车里的幸存人员。41.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。walk走路；tour旅行；travel旅游，行进；rush冲。根据下文中Larry pulled over可知故事发生的时候他在沿着公路行驶。故选C。42.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。passengers 乘客；colleagues同事；employers雇主；customers顾客。根据首句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc可知他是送货司机，由此推断他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。故选D。4
25、3.C 【解析】考查连词辨析。Since自从，由于；Although 尽管；As 当时候；If如果。根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。故选C。44.B 【解析】考查代词辨析。each 每个；another另一个；that那个；his他的；根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on可知当时有一辆亮着大灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。45.A 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知当时汽车是着火了。flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。故选A。46.
26、B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据第二段中a womens voice coming from the wrecked vehicle可知，汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。47.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据后句可知他下车去灭火。get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A。48.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据and told Larry he had 48 an emergency call可知，那个司机走过来和Larry说话。come down
27、下来；come through 经历；come in进来；come over 走过来。故选D。49.C 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据下文警察来了可知这个司机打了电话报警。return 归还；receive a call 接到电话；make a call 打电话；confirm确认。 故选C。50.A 【解析】考查副词辨析。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。故选A。51.D 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断当时Larry离汽车远，所以他是走近了之后才看到车内的那位女士。start the car
28、发动汽车；park a car 停放汽车；pass a car路过汽车；approach a car 走近汽车。故选D。52.B 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的。故选 B。53.D 【解析】考查连词辨析。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。for 因为；so所以；and 并且；but但是。故选D。54.A 【解析】考查动词辨析。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。explore
29、爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎。故选A。55.C 【解析】考查短语和介词辨析。根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。as if仿佛；unless 除非；in case 以免；after在之后。故选C。56.B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。stepped forward 迈步向前；backed off退后；moved on 继续前行；set out出发。根据句意选B。57.B 【解析】考查名词辨析。根据上文Once fire and emergency people ar
30、rived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。woman妇女；police警察；man男人；driver司机。故选B。58.D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否可以离去。forbidden被禁止的；ready有准备的；asked 被问到的； free自由的。be free to do sth 自由地做某事。故选D。59.A 【解析】考查短语辨析。根据上文可知Larry救人的事实是确定无疑的。for certain 确定无疑；for consideration以供参考；report报道；check核实。故选A。60.C 【解析】考查名词辨析。patien
31、ce耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺，根据从上文可知Larry的努力挽救了别人的性命。故选C。II. 阅读理解（2014天津卷）体裁话题词数难度建议时间议论文回归步行3656分钟People arent walking any moreif they can figure out a way to avoid it.I felt superior about this matter until the other day I took my car to mail a small parcel. The journey is a matter of 281 steps
32、. But I used the car. And I wasnt in any hurry, either. I had merely become one more victim of a national sickness: motorosis.It is an illness to which I had thought myself immune(免疫的), for I was bred in the tradition of going to places on my own two legs. At that time, we regarded 25 miles as good
33、days walk and the ability to cover such a distance in ten hours as a sign of strength and skill. It did not occur to us that walking was a hardship. And the effect was lasting. When I was 45 years old I racedand beata teenage football player the 168 steps up the Stature of Liberty.Such enterprises t
34、oday are regarded by many middleaged persons as bad for the heart. But a wellknown British physician, Sir Adolphe Abrhams, pointed out recently that hearts and bodies need proper exercise. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly. And walking is
35、an ideal form of exercisethe most familiar and natural of all.It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot. The man walking can learn the trees, flowers, insects, birds and animals, the significance of seasons, the very feel of himself as a living creature in a living world.
36、 He cannot learn in a car.The car is a convenient means of transport, but we have made it our way of life. Many people dont dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat. To them security is a steel river thundering on a concrete road. And much of their th
37、inking takes place while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.I say that the green of forests is the minds best light. And none but the man on foot can evaluate what is basic and everlasting.51. What is the national sickness?A. Walking too much.B. Travelling too much.C. Driving cars too much.
38、D. Climbing stairs too much.52. What was life like when the author was young?A. People usually went around on foot.B. People often walked 25 miles a day.C. People used to climb the Statue of Liberty.D. People considered a tenhour walk as a hardship.53. The author mentions Henry Thoreau to prove that
39、_.A. middleaged people like getting back to natureB. walking in nature helps enrich ones mindC. people need regular exercise to keep fitD. going on foot prevents heart disease54. What is compared to a steel river in Paragraph 6?A. A queue of cars.B. A ray of traffic light.C. A flash of lightning.D.
40、A stream of people.55. What is the authors intention of writing this passage?A. To tell people to reflect more on life.B. To recommend people to give up driving.C. To advise people to do outdoor activities.D. To encourage people to return to walking.【试题分析】 本文是一篇议论文。作者认为全国的人们都患了一种病motorosis，即人们过多地使用汽
41、车，而不走路。作者把现在的自己和年轻时的自己走路做了对比，同时又用专家的观点来证明自己的观点以此鼓励人们要回归走路。51. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的a national sickness: motorosis以及前文的 The journey is a matter of 281 steps. But I used the car.可知作者提到的全国通病就是人们开车太多了。可知C项正确。52. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知，作者年轻时靠自己的双腿去某个地方，一天走25英里路，从没感觉走路是一种痛苦。由此可知，作者年轻时人们通常靠自己的双脚到处走动。故选A
42、。53. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的第一句It was Henry Thoreau who showed mankind the richness of going on foot.可知作者提到Henry Thoreau是为了证明用脚走路可以丰富人类的大脑。故B项正确。54. A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词组后面的.while waiting for the traffic light to turn green.可知是车在等交通灯变绿，所以这里是指一排车。可知A项正确。55. D 【解析】推理判断题。总览全文，可知我用自己的亲身经历告诉读者现在很多人都依赖车而不走路，但走路使
43、人身体健康，丰富人的内心。作者同时引用名人名言，进一步证明自己的观点，其目的都是在鼓励人们重新回归走路。所以D项正确。I. 阅读理解体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文很多国家创建更多的公园及自行车和步行专道2705分钟More than half of the worlds population live in cities. Traffic and pollution are becoming big problems in big cities all over the world. In cities like Mexico City, Shanghai or Cairo the quali
44、ty of the air is getting worse every day. In the United States, people spend more time waiting in traffic jams.Some of the worlds cities have already found the answer to the problem. In Bogota, the capital of Columbia, the government has taken measures to improve the quality of life for the citys 8
45、million people. They created over a thousand new parks, a new public transport system, and built hundreds of cycling and walking paths. People who live in the city also joined in making their city one of the most livable (适合居住的) places in South America.Today city planners around the world are lookin
46、g for ways to provide more room for living and less room for cars. In America, public transport has increased over 2 % since the mid-1990s not much but a start. More and more people leave their cars at home and get on buses, trains or even ride a bike to work. Some cities are far better at planning
47、than others. In Amsterdam, for example, only 40 % of the population use their cars to get to work, 35 % ride bikes while 25% use public transport. In Paris, about half of the citys workers drive their cars to work.For cities in developing countries, the problems have just started. Traffic is getting
48、 worse as more and more people can afford to buy a car.1. The writer listed Mexico City, Shanghai and Cairo as examples of cities of _.A. heavy trafficB. air pollutionC. rapid developmentD. large population2. What did Bogota do to improve the quality of life for its people?A. It shut down some facto
49、ries in the city.B. It introduced a foreign public transport system.C. It encouraged people to plant trees in the city.D. It built new parks and a new public transport system.3. From the third paragraph, we can learn that _.A. 35% of the population in Paris ride bikes to workB. half of the people in
50、 Amsterdam drive their cars to workC. a quarter of the people in Amsterdam use public transportD. American public transport has increased much since the 1990s4. What would be the best title of the text?A. Ways to solve traffic jamsB. New changes in transport systemsC. Peoples new choice in big citie
51、sD. Parks instead of cars for the citiesII. 七选五体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文英国的交通运输行业2295分钟The transport industry in the UKThe transport industry employs around 2.3 million people in the UK across some 196,000 companies. Worth over 75 billion to the economy, it ensures that goods, services and people can move as
52、efficiently as possible. 1._ Traffic and transport construction jobs are essential to ensure that there are no long-term disruptions(中断) in transport. Without traffic and transport construction jobs, the Transport for London Organization wouldnt be able to maintain its train or tube lines.2._ Opport
53、unities involve construction work and building services to maintain facilities(设施) such as airports and train stations. It also involves anything from designing and creating a new bridge or road, to developing a new harbor to increase sea freight(海运).Some roles require shift work. 3._ Depending on t
54、he role, travel may also be required either locally, nationally, or in some cases, internationally.Traffic and transport construction jobs have not escaped the effects of a global economic downturn. However, rising fuel costs have seen a huge increase in the number of people using public transport.
55、4._Traffic and transport construction jobs were important during the 2012 Games. Billions of pounds were invested into improving the capitals transport facilities.5._ It was a 12-carriage train that linked Kings Cross St. Pancras stations to the heart of London in just seven minutes.A. With the tran
56、sport industry, many people would be unemployed in UK.B. This included the Olympic Javelin.C. This can mean working evenings, nights and possibly weekends.D. Because of the size of the industry, a number of career opportunities are available.E. Many stadiums were built at that time.F. This is becaus
57、e transport construction jobs carry out all the necessary maintenance required to keep public transport safe and running.G. The industry can be divided into three main sectors: surface, sea and air transport.I. 阅读理解【试题分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了为了提高人们的生活质量，很多国家开始创建更多的公园以及自行车和步行专用路，从而减少汽车的使用。1. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第
58、一段中的In cities like Mexico City, Shanghai or Cairo the quality of the air is getting worse every day.可知，墨西哥城、上海和开罗等城市的空气质量越来越差。故B项正确。2. D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的They created over a thousand new parks, a new public transport system, and built hundreds of cycling and walking paths.可知，波哥大政府建立了一千多个新公园、一个新的公共交通
59、系统以及数千个自行车和步行专用路。故D项正确。3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的In Amsterdam, for example, only 40 % of the population use their cars to get to work, 35 % ride bikes while 25% use public transport.可知，在阿姆斯特丹，25%（也就是四分之一）的人使用公共交通工具去上班。故C项正确。4. D 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为了提高人们的生活质量，很多国家开始创建更多的公园以及自行车和步行专用路，从而减少汽车的使用。故D项作
60、标题最能概括文章内容。II. 七选五【试题分析】本文主要介绍了英国的交通运输行业里的一些基本情况。1. G 【解析】从后一句Traffic and transport construction jobs are essential to ensure.可以看出这里是在讲运输行业的具体方式。所以选G。2. D 【解析】从后一句的Opportunities involve construction work and building services可以看出，这段话讲的是与工作机会有关的，故选D。3. C 【解析】从第一句话的Some roles require shift work可知，工作的时
61、间和地点等都会发生变化，故选C。4. F 【解析】这段话的前半部分讲的是交通运输建设方面的工作也受到全球经济下滑的影响，特别是燃料成本的增加，因为不得不为了公工运输的安全与正常运行而将这个工作进行下去。故选F。5. B 【解析】这段话是讲与奥运会有关的情况，故选B。. 重点单词识记1. convey vt. 运送，输送；表达2. postpone vt. 延迟，延期3. section n. 部分；部件；部门4. undertake vt. & vi. 承担，从事；承诺，答应5. authority n. 权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权6. enlarge vt. & vi. 扩大，扩展
62、，增大7. anniversary n. 周年纪念日8. growth n. 增加，增长；成长，生长9. punctual adj. 准时的，守时的10. arise vi. 出现，产生11. pedestrian n. 行人，步行者；adj. 行人(使用)的12. aggressive adj. 好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的13. crash n. & vi. & vt. 撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃14. fine vt. 处以罚金15. drunk adj. 喝醉的；n. 醉汉，酒鬼16. unbelievable adj. 非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的 believe v.
63、 相信；认为 belief n. 看法，信念17. enquiry n. 询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究 enquire v. 询问，打听18. annual adj.每年的，一年一次的 annually adv. 一年一次地19. detail n. 具体情况，详情，细节 detailed adj. 详细的，细致的20. departure n. 离开，出发；背离，违反 depart v. 离开，出发21. load n. 负荷，负载；大量，许多；vt. 装载，装上，装入 unload vt. 卸货. 重点短语识记1. drop off 中途下客或卸货2. link up 联合，连接3. at (.) intervals 每隔距离或时间4. break out 突发，爆发5. make out 辨认出；理解，明白；假装6. put through 给某人接通(电话)；使经历7. decide on/upon 决定，选定8. put off 推迟，推延；使反感9. turn up 出现，到来；调高(音量等)10. fill in 填写(表格)；消磨(时间)11. a handful of 少数的，少量的12. split up 分组，分解；分离13. speed up (使)加速14. arise from 起因于，由引起15. apply to 适用于版权所有：高考资源网()
