1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家备战2011届高考英语（通用版）一轮复习专题06 非谓语动词【考纲解读】非谓语动词是历年来的考查重点之一，因为它们结构复杂，功能繁多，也是考生难于掌握的语法点， 2010年的高考题中考查共有33题之多。考查重点主要有不定式的完成式、被动式、进行式、否定结构及省略形式；不定式和分词作后置定语的区别；只能接动名词的动词和接动名词、不定式有区别的动词的用法；动名词的被动用法及分词作为定语、状语、宾补的用法。尤其是作状语的用法，在非谓语动词的考题中占的比例最大；其次是非谓语动词作补语和宾语的用法，也占一定的比例。不管怎么考，基本上离不开非谓语动词的基本用法，只是题干的设
2、置注重了句子结构的复杂化和语境化。所以做非谓语动词题不仅要理清句子的结构，还要理解句子的意思。毋庸置疑，来年高考中，非谓语动词定是一个考查热点。【知识要点】定义：在英语中，不作句子谓语，而具有除谓语外其他语法功能的动词，叫做非谓语动词。分类：非谓语动词有动词不定式（the Infinitive）；动名词（the Gerund）；现在分词（the Present Participle）；过去分词（the Past Participle）一、动词不定式不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，其否定形式是“not to+动词原形”。不定式可以带宾语或状语构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变
3、化。不定式可作主语、宾语、状语、表语和定语，但不能单独作谓语。1.不定式的时态及语态时态主动被动意义例句语态一般to doto be done与谓语动词同时发生或以后发生Im glad to see you.当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式须用被动形式。如：He asked to be sent to work in Tibet.This book is said to have been translated into many languages.进行to be doing表示谓语的动作（情况）发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行He pretended to b
4、e reading a book when I came in.完成to have doneto have been done先于谓语动作发生We seem to have met each other before.完成进行to have been doing先于谓语动作发生而又延续到谓语动作发生后He is said to have been studying abroad，but I dont know which country he is studying in.2.不定式的句法功能1）作主语：To finish the work in ten minutes is very har
5、d.在十分钟内完成这项工作很难。动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，例如上面一句可用如下形式：It is very hard to finish the work in ten minutes.2）作表语：Her job is to clean the hall.她的工作就是打扫大厅。3）作宾语：常与不定式作宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer，afford，ask，decide，expect，intend，等。
6、如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，如：Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.马克思认为研究俄国的形势很重要。动词不定式在介词but后面时，如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么这些介词后的不定式不带to；否则就要带to。另外在cant choose but和cant help but等后面的不定式也省略to。如：I have no choice but to stay here.我别无选择只有待在这儿。动词不定式作动词tell，show，under
7、stand，explain，teach，learn，advise，discuss等词的宾语时，前面常带疑问词。即：疑问词(how，when，where，what，who).+to do。如：He gave us some advice on how to learn English. 他给了我们一些就如何学英语的建议。 4）作宾语补足语：动词不定式作动词feel,hear，see，watch，notice，observe等感官动词以及have,let，make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式符号to要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to符号。如：I saw him cross
8、the road.我看到他过了街道。He was seen to cross the road.他被看到过了街道。5）作定语：作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：He has no place to live.他没有住的地方。This is the best way to work out this problem.这是解决这个问题的最好的办法。动词不定式作定语，放在所修饰
9、的名词或代词后。与所修饰名词有如下关系：当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：Have you got anything to send （你有什么东西要寄吗？不定式to send的动作执行者是“你”）Have you got anything to be sent （你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？不定式to be sent的动作执行者是“我”或“别人”）用不定式作定语的几种情况不定式表将来I borrowed some books to read during my holiday.我借了几本书在假期里
10、读。用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no,all，any等限定的中心词。如：He was the best man to do the job.他是做这项工作的最佳人选。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上获得金牌的第一个女人。用于修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability，chance，idea，fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，belief，way，reason，moment，time等。如：Do you have the abili
11、ty to read and write English 你具备读、写英语的能力吗？6）作状语表目的He worked day and night to get the money.为了挣钱，他日日夜夜的工作。注意不定式放句首时，逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：为了省钱，能用的方法都用上了。（)To save money, every means has been tried.()To save money, he has tried every means.表结果He arrived late to find the train gone.他来晚了，结果发现火车开走了。常用only放在不定式前表示
12、强调：I visited him only to find him out.我来拜访他，结果发现他出去了。表原因They were very sad to hear the news.听到这个消息他们非常伤心。表程度Its too dark for us to see anything.天太黑了，我们什么也看不清。The question is simple for him to answer.这道问题对他来说太容易回答了。作独立成分To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked.说实话，我不喜欢他说话的方式。3.不定式符号to的保留问
13、题有时为了避免重复，可以用to来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词后：expect，hope，wish，mean，prefer，care，forget，want，try以及be glad/happy；would like/love等后面。如：I havent been to Hong Kong，but I wish to. 我没去过香港，但我想去。I didnt tell him the news. 我没有告诉他那消息。Oh，you ought to have.你应该告诉他的。4.动词不定式的几种特殊结构1）for sb.to do 还是of sb.to do “for+逻辑主语+不定
14、式”结构称为不定式复合结构，介词可用for或of。当形式主语句型中的表语是形容词，来描述不定式动作时，逻辑主语之前使用for；当它描述不定式的逻辑主语，说明其品质、特征或属性时，要用of，常见形容词有good，nice，clever，wise，foolish，stupid，honest，kind，polite，careful，cruel，brave，crazy等。2)too . to结构在英语中，“too+adj./adv.+to do sth.”结构表示否定意义，意为“太而不能”。也可用so.that句型来表示，但that从句必须用否定形式。如：Youre too young to unde
15、rstand such things.你太小了，还不能理解那些事情。=Youre so yong that you cant understand such things.注意：在下列场合下，too. to结构表示肯定意义：某些形容词与too.to 连用表示肯定意义，too相当于very much。这些形容词多是表示心情的词和描述性的形容词。如：ready，glad，pleased，surprised，delighted，happy，easy，eager，thankful，anxious，willing，good，kind，true等。 在too前加上only，but，all，simply或j
16、ust时，too.to结构表示肯定意义。如：Im only too glad to meet you here again.再次见到你我太高兴了。二、动名词动名词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有名词的句法功能。1.动名词的形式：否定式：not+动名词1）一般式：Seeing is believing.眼见为实。2）被动式：He came to the party without being invited.他未被邀请就来到了晚会。3）完成式：We remembered having seen the film. 我们记得看过这部电影。4）完成被动式：He forgot having been ta
17、ken to Guangzhou when he was five years old.他忘记五岁时曾被带到广州去过。5）否定式：not+动名词I regret not following his advice.我后悔没听他的劝告。6）复合结构：物主代词（或名词所有格）+动名词He suggested our trying it once again.他建议我们再试一次。His not knowing English troubled him a lot.他不懂英语给他带来许多麻烦。2.动名词的句法功能：1）作主语：Reading aloud is very helpful.朗读是很有好处的。
18、Collecting stamps is interesting.集邮很有趣。当动名词短语作主语时常用it作形式主语。Its no use quarrelling.争吵是没用的。2）作表语：In the ant city, the queens job is laying eggs.在蚂蚁王国，蚁后的工作是产卵。3）作宾语：They havent finished building the dam.他们还没有建好大坝。We have to prevent the air from being polluted.我们必须阻止空气被污染。注意：动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如上面两个例句。此
19、外，动名词作宾语时，若跟有宾语补足语，则常用形式宾语it，如：We found it no good making fun of others. 我们发现取笑他人不好。要记住如下动词及短语只跟动名词作宾语：enjoy, finish, suggest, avoid， excuse ,delay, imagine, keep, miss, consider, admit（承认），deny, mind, permit, forbid, practise, risk（冒险）, appreciate, be busy, be worth, feel like, cant stand, cant hel
20、p, think of, dream of, be fond of, prevent.(from),keep .from, stop.(from）,protect.from, set about, be engaged in, spend.(in), succeed in, be used to, look forward to, object to, pay attention to, insist on, feel like4）作定语：He cant walk without a walkingstick.他没有拐杖不能走路。Is there a swimming pool in your
21、 school?你们学校有游泳池吗？5）作同位语：The cave, his hidingplace is secret.那个山洞，他藏身的地方很秘密。His habit, listening to the news on the radio remains unchanged.他收听收音机新闻节目的习惯仍未改变。三、现在分词现在分词既具有动词的一些特征，又具有形容词和副词的句法功能。1.现在分词的形式否定式：not+现在分词1）现在分词的主动语态：现在分词主动语态的一般式表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，完成式表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，常作状语。如：They went to
22、 the park, singing and talking. 他们边唱边说向公园走去。Having done his homework, he played basketball.做完作业，他开始打篮球。2）现在分词的被动语态：一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生的被动的动作，完成式表示发生在谓语动词之前的被动的动作。The problem being discussed is very important.正在被讨论的问题很重要。Having been told many times, the naughty boy made the same mistake.被告诉了好几遍，这个淘气的孩子又犯了
23、同一个错误。2.现在分词的句法功能：1）作定语：现在分词作定语，当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语放在名词后。In the following years he worked even harder.在后来的几年中，他学习更努力了。The man speaking to the teacher is our monitors father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我们班长的父亲。现在分词作定语相当于一个定语从句的句法功能，如：in the following years 也可用in the years that followed;the man speaking to
24、the teacher可改为the man who is speaking to the teacher.2）现在分词作表语：The film being shown in the cinema is exciting.正在这家上演的电影很棒。The present situation is inspiring.当前的形势鼓舞人心。be+doing既可能表示现在进行时，也可能是现在分词作表语，它们的区别在于be+doing表示进行的动作是进行时，而表示特征时是系动词be与现在分词构成系表结构。3）作宾语补足语：如下动词后可跟现在分词作宾语补足语：see, watch, hear, feel,
25、find, get, keep, notice, observe, listen to, look at, leave, catch等。如：Can you hear her singing the song in the next room？你能听见她在隔壁唱歌吗？He kept the car waiting at the gate. 他让小汽车在门口等着。4）现在分词作状语 作时间状语(While)Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker.在工厂工作时，他是一名先进工人。作原因状语Being a League member, he
26、is always helping others.由于是共青团员，他经常帮助他人。作方式状语，表示伴随He stayed at home, cleaning and washing. 他待在家里，又擦又洗。作条件状语(If)Playing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就会浪费宝贵的时间。作结果状语He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉了，结果摔得粉碎。作目的状语 He went swimming the other day. 几天前他去游泳了。作让步状语Tho
27、ugh raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.虽然雨下得很大，但不久天就晴了。与逻辑主语构成独立主格 I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard.我等汽车时，一只鸟落到我头上。All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly.所有的票已经卖光了，他们失望地离开了。Time permitting, well do another two exercises.如果时间允许，我们将做另两个练习。有时也可用with (wit
28、hout)+名词（代词宾格）+分词形式With the lights burning, he fell asleep.他点着灯睡着了。作独立成分 Judging from(by)his appearance, he must be an actor. 从外表看，他一定是个演员。Generally speaking, girls are more careful.一般说来，女孩子更细心。四、过去分词过去分词只有一种形式：规则动词由动词原形加词尾ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的规则要求，要一一记住。过去分词的句法功能：1.过去分词作定语Our class went on an organi
29、zed trip last Monday.上周一我们班开展了一次有组织的旅行。Those elected as committee members will attend the meeting.当选为委员的人将出席这次会。注意当过去分词是单词时，一般用于名词前，如果是过去分词短语，就放在名词的后面。过去分词作定语相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。2.过去分词作表语The window is broken.窗户破了。They were frightened at the sad sight.他们对眼前悲惨的景象感到很害怕。注意：be+过去分词，如果表示状态是系表结构，如果表示被动的动作是被动语态。
30、区别：The window is broken.（系表）The window was broken by the boy.（被动）有些过去分词是不及物动词构成的，不表示被动，只表示完成。如：boiled water（开水）fallen leaves（落叶）newly arrived goods（新到的货）the risen sun（升起的太阳）the changed world（变了的世界）这类过去分词有：gone, come, fallen, risen, changed, arrived, returned, passed等。3.过去分词作宾语补足语 I heard the song su
31、ng several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。有时过去分词作with短语中的宾语补足语：With the work done, they went out to play.工作做完了，他们出去玩去了。4.过去分词作状语1）表示原因Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents. 受到邻居们的表扬，他成为父母的骄傲。2）表示时间Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见，人们就忘不了。3）表示条件Given more time, Ill b
32、e able to do it better.如果给予更多的时间，我能做得更好。4）表示让步Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.虽然被告之有危险，他仍然冒生命危险去救那个孩子。Filled with hopes and fears, he entered the cave.心中充满了希望与恐惧，他走进山洞。【考点诠释】考点一、考查谓语动词与非谓语动词的识别 英语句子至少应该包括主语与谓语两部分, 而多数情况下谓语都由动词来充当。如果对句子成分划分不清，把谓语动词与非谓语动词混淆, 做题效果可想而
33、知。要克服这一毛病，关键在于正确判断、识别动词在句中是否充当谓语。如： 1. The children (play) _ the violin over there will go on the stage next week. 根据句子结构，我们可以看出这是一个简单句。主语是The children，谓语部分是will go 考点二、考查作状语的非谓语动词的辨析 作状语的非谓语动词主要考查其各种形式的辨析，即是选择动词不定式、现在分词还是过去分词作状语, 不同的状语对非谓语动词的要求不同。 动词不定式主要作目的、结果和原因状语；现在分词和过去分词主要作时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随状语，
34、两者不同之处在于：现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,即它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系，而过去分词作状语时，虽然它的逻辑主语也是句子的主语，但过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。请看下面例题： 1._tired of Toms all-talk-no-action attitude, Julia decided to do the job all by herself. A) To get B) To have got C) Getting D) Have got 一般来说，在句子中没有连接词的情况下, 逗号是无力连接两个句子
35、的。据此，首先可以确定 这是一个简单句，非谓语动词短语放在句首作状语。依据非谓语动词短语get tired of与其逻辑主语Julia之间的主动关系，以及谓语动词与非谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生，没有明显的先后顺序，可以断定应用现在分词一般式作原因状语,即“由于厌倦了Tom只说不做的工作态度”，故正确答案为C。 考点三、考查非谓语动词逻辑主语的分辨 非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但仍然有自己逻辑上的主语。历年各种考试的重点在于正确分辨非谓语动词的逻辑主语是什么，两者之间是主动关系还是被动关系，特别是非谓语动词作状语的时候。我们知道，当非谓语动词放在句首作状语的时候，一般来说，它的逻辑主语就
36、是句子的主语，那么，当它的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时，又会出现什么现象呢？请看下面例题： 1. The last bus (go)_, we had to walk home. 2. Weather (permit)_, the spaceship will be launched tomorrow evening. 这两个非谓语动词短语的逻辑主语都不是句子的主语，而是分别有它自己的逻辑主语，请再看下面例题： 3. The work (finish) _, they may go home. 4. The problem (discuss) _ at the meeting- room now,
37、 the workers had to wait outdoors. 同样，这两道题的结构也是独立主格结构。依据非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间的被动关系以及非谓语动词所表示动作发生的时间性，可以判断正确答案分别为finished(已完成)和being discussed(正在进行)。 考点四、考查非谓语动词时态与语态的把握 非谓语动词虽然在句中不作谓语，但它仍然具有动词的特征，即可以有自己的主语(逻辑主语),也可以有时态和语态的变化。非谓语动词的各种时态形式都是依据句子的谓语动词的时态形式而变化的。一般情况下，如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作同时或之后发生, 就用非谓语动词的一般式
38、或进行式(侧重强调动作正在进行)；如果非谓语动词所表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，就用非谓语动词的完成式(特别强调动作发生的先后)。非谓语动词的语态在于正确把握非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。例如： _ that Bob had got promoted, his friends came to congratulate him. A) Heard B) Having heard C) Hear D) To hear 依据非谓语动词hear与其逻辑主语his friends之间的主动关系，以及前后句的逻辑关系，可以断定用现在分词形式来作时间状语，再根据现在分词的动作
39、“听说”发生在主要谓语动词“来”之前，由此判断应该用现在分词的完成式(只用作状语时使用)，意为“听说Bob已得到提升，他的朋友都来向他表示祝贺”，故正确答案为B。 考点五、考查非谓语动词作主语时句式的转变 非谓语动词（动词不定式或动名词）作主语主要考查其句式的转变，习惯上通常把it作为形式主语放在句首，作题时要善于分辨这种形式上的转变。请看下面例题： 1. It is an honour for me (be) _ your English teacher. 2. It is no use of us (wait) _ at home like this. 六、考查作定语的非谓语动词的判断 非
40、谓语动词作定语主要考查非谓语动词作后置定语的情况，这里关键要把握住非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动行为还是被动行为,以及非谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间性，即是正在进行或已经完成还是将要发生。一般来说，用现在分词一般式作定语往往表示动作是主动行为且正在进行当中，如果动作是被动行为且正在进行当中，就用现在分词一般式的被动语态；用过去分词作定语往往表示动作是被动行为且已经完成; 用动词不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作，如果是被动行为，就用动词不定式一般式的被动语态。 例如： 1. The boy (cry)_ over there is my younger brother. 依据cry与它的逻辑主语
41、The boy之间的主动关系和cry的动作正在进行，所以用现在分词作定语修饰boy，因而正确答案为crying。 【高考链接】1.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,40)Thai is the only way we can imagine _ the overuse of water in students bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce【答案】B【解析】此处考查非谓语动词。此处应该用不定式the way to do sth表示做的途径、方式。the only way to do,we can imagine 做定
42、语，前面省略了that.2.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,35) _ the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.A. Approaching B. Approached C. To approach D. To be approached3.(2010高考英语上海秋季卷,33) Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _ with her stories. A. amused B. amusing C. to am
43、use D. to be amused4.(2010高考英语重庆卷,34)Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one _first is the library.A. repairedB. being repairedC. repairing D. to be repaired【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。the one指代前面提到的buildings与repair是动宾关系，由前半句房屋需要修缮可知修缮这个动作发生在need之后，所以用to be repaired. 不定式的被动式作后置定语表示被动关系及动作尚未发生。5.
44、(2010高考英语重庆卷,30)The news shocked the public, _to great concern about students safety at school.A. having ledB. ledC. leadingD. to lead【答案】 C【解析】考察非谓语动词。句意为：这个消息使警察震惊，也引起了人们对学校在校安全的关注。the news和lead之间是主谓关系，并且作shocked的伴随状语，所以leading。6.(2010高考英语浙江卷,20)The traffic rule says young children under the age o
45、f four and _ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighingage of four and _ less than 40 pounds用于修饰宾语从句主语children。动词weigh与名词children是主动关系，所以选择weighing。句意：交通法则规定四岁以下并且体重不超过四十磅的婴儿必须坐在婴儿安全座上。逻辑主语young children与weigh之间构成主谓关系，应该用weigh的现在分词形式weighi
46、ng，相当于“young children who weigh less than 40 pounds”，答案选D项。7.(2010高考英语浙江卷,8)The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health. Abeing carried out Bcarrying out Ccarried out Dto carry out 【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语exercise与carry out之间构成动宾关系，故用carry out的过去分词形式carr
47、ied out，此处相当于if the exercise is carried out regularly的省略，所以答案选C项。8.(2010高考英语天津卷,11)It rained heavily in the south. _serious flooding in several provinces.A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 【答案】 C【解析】考察非谓语动词。 句意为：“南方下大雨，引起南方几个省份严重洪水灾害。”下大雨同时引起洪水灾害，采用现在分词，表示主动且同时发生，故选C。9.(2010高考英语四川卷,17
48、)The lawyer listened with full attention，_ to miss any pointAnot trying Btrying notCto try not Dnot to try10.(2010高考英语四川卷,11)In many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant _ Ato deal with Bdealing with Cto be dealt with Ddealt with【答案】A【解析】考查不定式主动表被动。在某些形容词后经常用不定式的主动形式表被动，此
49、时，不定式动作和句子的主语存在动宾关系。又如：The apartment is comfortable to live in.11.(2010高考英语四川卷,4)A great number of students _ said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。question与students 存在被动关系，question表示的动作也已完成，故用过去分词。12.(2010高考英语
50、上海春季卷,39)The report indicated that 45% of students were in jobs not _ specific qualifications.Arequiring Bto be required Cbeing required Dto have required【答案】A【解析】非谓语动词。此处require的逻辑主语是jobs，它们之间构成主谓关系，因此应该用：require的现在分词形式requiring，因此选A项。13.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,35) _ as an Olympic event, a sport must be pla
51、yed in at least 75 countries on at least 4 continents.ATo accept BHaving accepted CTo be accepted DAccepting14.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,34) _ by the growing interest in nature, more and more people enjoy outdoor sports.AInfluenced BInfluencingCHaving influencedDTo be influenced【答案】A【解析】非谓语动词。非谓语动词的解题关键是找准其逻辑主
52、语。在本题中，influence的逻辑主语是more and morepeople，它们之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词形式。D项表示将来，不符合语意。所以这里选A项。15.(2010高考英语上海春季卷,31) _ well in an interview will be an important part of getting a place at university.ADo BDoing CDone DBeing done【答案】B【解析】非谓语动词。句子缺少主语，所以此处用动名词作主语，即Doing well in an interview是句子的主语，其他选项都不能充当主语，所以这里选
53、B项。16.(2010高考英语陕西卷,19)His first book _ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published【答案】B。【解析】考查非谓语动词。下个月要出版的他的第一本书是以一个真实的故事为基础的。此处表示将来，是被出版，要用不定式的被动式作定语。17.(2010高考英语陕西卷,16) _ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea o
54、f trees. A. Seen B. Seeing C. Have seen D. To see【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。当从塔顶看的时候，南边的山脚是一片树的海洋。动词see与句中主语是逻辑上的动宾关系，所以用过去分词。此非谓语结构相当于一个状语从句If/When it is seen from thet op of the tower。18.(2010高考英语山东卷,29)The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already _ for a meal to be cooked. A. laid B
55、. laying C. to lay D. being laid19.(2010高考英语山东卷,23)I have a lot of readings _ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed【答案】 B【解析】考查非谓语动词的使用。句意应为“这个学期结束前，我要做很多阅读练习。”由于时间状语before the end of this term表达未来的时间，所以空格处使用动词不定式表示将来，充当readings的定语。AD现在分词，现在分词作定语表示
56、正在进行的动作；C项是过去分词，过去分词做定语表示完成，因此，ACD均不符合语境。20.(2010高考英语辽宁卷,35)Alexander tried to get his work _in the medical circles.A. to recognize B. recognizing C. recognize D. recognized 【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。题干中含有“get sth done”结构，表示“使某事被做”。语意为：Alexander试图使他的工作被医学界认可。his work与recognize为逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。故选D项。21.(20
57、10高考英语辽宁卷,25)We were astonished _ the temple still in its original condition.Afinding Bto find Cfind Dto be found【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。语意为：看到寺院仍处于原始的状态，我们感到非常震惊。空格处为动词不定式作状语，表示原因，故选B项。22.(2010高考英语江西卷,32)There were many talented actors out there just waiting _.A to discover B to be discovered C discovered
58、 D being discovered23.(2010高考英语江西卷,24)The lady walked around the shops, _ an eye out for bargains.A keep B kept C keeping D to keep【答案】C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士在商场转悠着，留意着里面的减价商品。现在分词短语keeping an eye out for(留意，注意)作伴随状语。24.(2010高考英语江苏卷,28)The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged b
59、y the ea rthquake in Yushu ,_ _the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。语意：这位退休老人把他大部分的积蓄捐赠给了在玉树地震中被毁坏的那所学校，使学生得以重返教室，此处是-ing分词短语作状语。25.(2010高考英语湖南卷,30)So far nobody has claimed the money _ in the library.A. discovered
60、B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered【答案】 A【解析】考察非谓语动词。该空中作后置定语修饰the money，根据the miney与discinver的被动关系，排除CD两项。B项表示的是“将要被发现”的意思，根据句意“到目前为止还没有人来认领在图书馆被发现的钱。”26.(2010高考英语湖南卷,26)Dina, _ for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.A. stru
61、ggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle【答案】 C【解析】考察非谓语动词。该空分词短语作时间作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与strggle为主动关系，故排除B，由句中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语took a position之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。27.(2010高考英语湖南卷,21)Listen! Do you hear someone _ for help?A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 28.(2010高考英语福建卷,25)Lots of
62、 rescue workers were working around the clock, _ supplies to Yushu, Qinghai province after the earthquake.A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent【答案】 A【解析】考察非谓语动词。句意为：“地震发生后，大量的营救人员夜以继日地为青海省提供补给”A项意为正在送，B项意为将要送，C项意思为已经送到，D项意为将要已经送到。该空作伴随，表示正在送，供给的意思。故选A。29.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,34)With Father
63、s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank _ presents for my dad. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。父亲节即将来临，我已经从银行取了些钱要给父亲买礼物。空白处应用动词不定式作目的状语，因此答案为B。30.(2010高考英语大纲全国I卷,27)Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _ from the library. A. to borrow B
64、. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing【答案】 C【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：怀特老师向她的学生展示了一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。maps与borrow为动宾关系，因此空白处应用过去分词作后置定语，故答案为C31.(2010高考英语北京卷,25)Im calling to enquire about the position _ in yesterdays China Daily.A. advertised B. to be advertisedC. advertising D. having advertised32.(2010高考英语北京卷,21
65、) _at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked【答案】 A【解析】考察非谓语动词。句意为：“看看同学们的脸，从他们眼神里我读出乐同样的兴奋感。”“_ at my classmates faces”是分词状语作伴随状语，此处主语I和look是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语，即A项正确。33.(2010高考英语安徽卷,30) He had a wonderful childhood, _ with his mother to all corners of the world.A. travl B. to travl C. travled D. travling【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。后半句是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。B表示动作尚未发生，与前半句内容矛盾。高考资源网()来源：高考资源网版权所有：高考资源网(www.k s 5 )版权所有：高考资源网()版权所有：高考资源网() 版权所有高考资源网
