1、必修5Unit 5First aid 要 点 梳 理 高效梳理知识备考重点单词1aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助2temporary adj.暂时的；临时的3injury n损伤；伤害injure v受伤4bleed vi. & vt.流血bled(过去式)bled(过去分词)5choke vi. & vt.(使)噎住；(使)窒息6poison n毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的7variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)various adj.各种各样的vary v变化8mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地9
2、swell vi. & vt.(使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj.肿胀的10squeeze vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨11symptom n症状；征兆12pour vt. & vi.倒；灌；注；涌13tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地14firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地15treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待；待遇16apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效applicant n申请人application n申请(
3、书)17pressure n压力；挤压；压迫(感)重点短语1first aid急救2fall ill 生病3prevent.from. 阻止4get burned 烧伤5electric shock 触电；电休克6squeeze out 榨出；挤出7over and over again 反复；多次8in place 在适当的位置；适当9a number of 若干；许多10put ones hands on 找到11make a difference 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用重点句型1If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher tha
4、n the heart, if possible.若烫伤是在胳膊或腿上，如果可能的话，把它们抬得高于心脏。2John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里做功课，突然听到一声尖叫。3It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。4There is no doubt_that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skill
5、s he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。高考范文(2008湖南)请从下列人物中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求根据所给信息作适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：1对该人物的简单介绍；2喜欢该人物的理由；3从该人物身上得到的启示。Thomas EdisonHelen KellerWilliam Shakespeareinventor；creative; diligent；full of wisdomordinary but great woman; dis
6、abled；optimistic; eager to learnwriter; talented；imaginative; man of all ages“Genius is onepercent inspirationand ninetyninepercent perspiration.”“.if I had the power of sight for three days.”“Life is a stage.”范文Born in America, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor. He was once thought t
7、o be a boy who was not worth educating. In fact, he was a man full of imagination.I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution to the world. He had more than 1 000 inventions. In his life time, he was always eager to know how things worked, which helped him to earn the nickname “the Wizar
8、d of Melo Park”. He was also so diligent that he worked day and night. And this explained why he had so many great inventions.What impresses me most is his famous saying, “Genius is one percent inspiration and ninetynine percent perspiration”. Probably I cannot be an Edison myself, but I can be a ha
9、rdworking learner. From him, I realize the secret to success is not when or where you were born, but what you are doing and how you 考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1aid n&vt. 援助；资助；救助first aid 急救give/do/offer sb. first aidgive/do/offer first aid to sb.对某人进行急救with the aid/help of. 在的帮助下without sb.s aid/help 没
10、有某人的帮助go to ones aid/help 前去帮助某人aid sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事aid sb. in/with. 为帮助某人即学即练1(1)The organization offers economic _ the Third World.这个组织给第三世界提供经济援助。(2)Dictionaries are _ learning languages.字典对于学习语言有很大的帮助。(3)They _ the poor country _ money.他们用钱帮助那个穷国。aid toa great aid inaidedwith(4)His workmat
11、es _ him _ the difficulty.他的工友们帮助他克服了困难。aidedto overcome2swell v(使)膨胀；增长 (swelled, swollen)n涌浪；海浪的涌动swollen adj.肿胀的swell(sth.) into/to sth.(使某物)膨胀，肿胀，增强，增多swell(sth.) with pride/anger etc.洋洋得意/怒气冲冲等即学即练2(1)Her face _ (_) with toothache./Her face _ (_) with toothache.她的脸因牙痛而肿了起来。(2)A small business _
12、 a big company.小商店发展成大公司。(3)Her heart _ as she watched her son receiving his award.看着儿子领奖时，她心中充满了自豪。 swelledupwas swollenupswelled intoswelled with pride3squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨squeeze out榨出；挤出squeeze.out of/from.把从中榨出来squeeze into/through.挤进即学即练3(1)Must you _ the toothpaste tube in the middle？你非得从
13、中间挤牙膏吗？(2)Try to _ a bit more _ the tube.尽量从管里再挤出一点儿。(3)Five of us _ the back seat of the car.我们中有5个人挤进了汽车的后座。squeezesqueezeout ofsqueezed into4treat vt. 治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treat.as/like把当做treat sb./oneself(to sth.)请客吃be ones treat由/该某人请客即学即练4(1)They _ me _ one of the family, which was very kind of them
14、.他们把我作为一个家庭成员来对待，他们真是太好了。(2)He is seriously ill, and _in hospital now.他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。(3)Well _ you _ dinner.我们请你吃饭。(4)_. What would you like to eat?我请客，你们想吃什么？treatedasis being treatedtreattoIts my treat5apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用vi.申请；请求；使用；有效apply to适用于apply.to.把应用到apply to sb. for.向某人申请apply oneself t
15、o(doing) sth.专注于；专心做某事即学即练5(1)What you said doesnt _ me.你所说的并不适合我。(2)You cant _ this rule _ every case.这个规则并不能适用于所有的状况。(3)She _ a job _ an English teacher.她应征英语教师的工作。(4)We had to _ the government _ financial help.我们只好向政府申请财务援助。apply toapplytoapplied forasapply tofor(5)He _ learning English.他专心学英语。ap
16、plied himself to6fall ill生病fall asleep 睡着，入睡fall behind (竞赛等)落在(对方)后面；输给别人fall apart 土崩瓦解；(关系)崩裂，崩溃fall down 从落下；倒下；跌倒；(建筑物等)倒塌；(计划等)失败fall off 下降；跌落fall over 跌倒即学即练6(1)Caught in a heavy rain, he _ and died.淋了大雨，他生了一场病就死了。(2)Work hard, or we will _.努力学习，否则我们就会落后。(3)He _ his bike while riding.他骑车时从自行
17、车上摔了下来。fell illfall behindfell off7in place 在适当的位置；适当out of place 不在适当的位置；不恰当in the first place 首先，第一in the next place 其次，第二点in place of. 代替take the place of. 代替，取代take ones place 代替某人；就座take place 发生，举行give place to 让位于，为取代即学即练7(1)She likes everything to be _ before she starts work.她喜欢东西都摆好再开始工作。(2
18、)Her dress was quite _ at the ceremony.在那个典礼上她的服装非常得体。(3)I felt completely _ among all those smart rich people.在那些衣冠楚楚的富人中间，我觉得自己完全格格不入。 (4)_ for the next dance.各就各位，准备跳下一个舞。in placein placeout of placeTake your places8put ones hands onlay/get ones hands on 找到，得到at hand 在手边；即将来到by hand 用手做，靠手工from h
19、and to hand 从一人手中传到另一人手中hand in hand 手拉手，共同地in hand 在手里；在掌握中，在控制下join hands 携手，联手on the one hand., on the other hand. 一方面，另一方面out of hand 无法控制即学即练8(1)Ill bring some tapes if I can _ them.如果找得到的话，我会带几盒录音带来。(2)_， I want to sell the house, but _ I cant bear the thought of moving.一方面我想把房子卖掉，但另一方面我又不愿搬家。
20、(3)Dont worryall the arrangements are _.别担心，一切都安排好了。lay my hands onOn the one handon the other handin hand(4)He believes that the great day is _.他相信这个伟大的日子就要来到了。 at hand9make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用make no difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要/不要紧make some difference(to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作
21、用或影响tell the difference分辨，区分，区别即学即练9(1)It _ which way he goes.他走哪条路会有很大不同。(2)Whether he will come _.他是否来无关紧要。(3)The twins are so alike. Its difficult to _.这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。makes a great differencemakes no differencetell the difference.重点句型详解1If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the
22、heart, if_possible. 如果烫伤的部位在臂部或腿部，如果可能的话就要把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。if possible 为状语从句的省略，其完整形式为 if it is possible。 If possible, do it by yourself.可能的话，你自己做。If possible, Ill go to Beijing tomorrow.如果可能的话，明天我要去北京。拓展：if so 如果这样的话if not 如果不是的话if any 如果有的话if necessary 如果必要的话if ever 如果曾经有的话即境活用1I hear Bob has been i
23、ll in hospital for days._， lets go to see him.AIf everBIf anyCIf possible DIf so答案：D解析：考查省略句 if so“如果这样的话”。2John was_studying in his room when he heard screaming. 约翰正在屋里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。when 并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于 and then。 when 作并列连词用时，构成并列句，意为“就在这时，恰恰在这时”，多用在下列句型中：.be doing.when. 正在这时.be about to do.when. 正打算
24、做这时be just going to do.when. 正要这时had just done.when. 刚做了这时be on the point of doing.when. 正要这时He was sleeping when there was a knock at the door.他正在睡觉，这时有人敲门。I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我刚想出门，这时有人敲门。We had just begun to work when the machine broke down. 我们刚开始工作，这时机器坏了。The
25、thief was on the point of putting his hand into the ladys handbag when the bus suddenly stopped.小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中，这时公共汽车突然停了。即境活用2The children were playing football happily on the playground _ it began to rain heavily.Aas BwhileCwhen Dsuddenly答案：C解析：句意为：孩子们正在操场上高兴地踢足球，这时天开始下起大雨。易 错 点 拨 自我完善误区备考1. in
26、jury/wound/hurt/damage/harm(1)injury指平时的大、小创伤或伤害，也可用于无生命物。(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤、伤口。(3)hurt尤指精神上或感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。(4)damage指损失、损害(不表示伤痛)，主要用于物。(5)harm指精神和肉体上的极大损害，不但可用于生物也可用于抽象事物。应用1(1)Too much drinking will do you great _/do great _ to you.过量饮酒有害。(2)He got an _ in the accident.他在事故中受伤。(3)Fires caused by t
27、he California Earthquake did the most _.在加利福尼亚大地震中，火灾造成的损失最大。harmharminjurydamage(4)The soldier had a _ in his chest.这位战士胸部受伤。(5)My sympathy eased his _.我的同情减轻了他的痛苦。woundhurt2. a number of/the number of同：两者均修饰可数名词复数。异：a number of是指“大量的”，后面的谓语动词是复数形式。the number of是指“的数量”，后面的谓语动词是单数形式。应用2(1)_ students
28、 in my class is 56.(2)_ our classmates love English.The number ofA number of高 效 作 业 自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1The old man was sent to hospital because of high blood p_.2The cut on my arm b_ a lot when I was hurt yesterday.3As soon as he came back to life from the accident, he called an a_.4The dog was killed by
29、 rat p_.pressurebledambulancepoison5He had a badly s_ ankle after falling down from the stairs.6More and more people are riding _ (电的) bikes.7Although I _(倒) it carefully, I spilt some of the oil.8In the crash he suffered severe _(伤) to the head and arms.9The news of the _ ( 辐射) leak caused widespre
30、ad public alarm.10An old woman was found _ (使窒息) to death.swollenelectricpouredinjuriesradiationchoked .单项选择1Lets go Dutch for this supper. OK?No, _ this time, as a reward for all your help.Aits up to youBits my treatClets talk about it Dit doesnt matter答案：B解析：句意为：“这顿晚饭让我们AA制吧。”“不，这次由我请客，作为对你的帮助的回报。
31、”A项意为“由你做决定”；B项意为“由我请客”；C项意为“让我们讨论一下”；D项意为“没关系”。2(2010湖北百校联考)The most successful retired athletes are those who can _ the life skills they learned in sports to another area of life.Acontribute BemployCapply Dengage答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。语意：最成功的退役运动员当属那些能将自己在体育中学到的人生技能运用到人生的另外一个领域的人。这里用apply A to B表示“把A应用于B”。
32、3What do you think of our next game?A bit worried. We _ it with our two major players _ injured.Ahave lost; / Bwill have lost; beingCwill lose; are Dare losing; /答案：D解析：第一空用现在进行时表将来；第二空为with的复合结构，过去分词injured做宾补。4You have to be accurate in this job, because a small mistake can make a big _.Adifferenc
33、e BdifficultyCtrouble Dchange答案：A解析：make a (some, no) difference有(一些，没有什么)作用；关系；影响。5On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont _ I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading “Boston”Awhich BwhileCwhen Das答案：C解析：句意为：在一个雨天我正开车沿Vermont向北行驶，这时我注意到一个年轻人举着一个写着Boston的牌子。when这时。其他选项无此意。6Life is t
34、ough in the city. In order to lose their _， some people drink alcohol.Atemper BmoodCconsciousness Dpressures答案：D解析：句意为“在城里生活很艰辛，为了减压，一些人喝酒”。A.脾气；B.情绪；C.意识；D.压力。7Its a good habit to keep everything _ in your study.Ain the way Bin placeCin hand Din the place答案：B解析：keep.in place 把保存在适当的位置。in the way 挡道
35、，碍事；in hand 保有，可用；in the place 在这个地方。8_ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word information.AA; a BThe; /CA; / DThe; the答案：A解析：考查冠词。第一空 a most efficient way 表示“一种非常有效的方法”，第二空 a knowledge of 指“一门知识”。9(2010河北辛集中学调研)I think Jack will _ a good mo
36、nitor, so Id like to vote for him.Aturn BchangeCmake Delect答案：C解析：考查动词辨析。此处make表示“成为”。假如选择A项，应该去掉句中的不定冠词。10(2010江西高安中学)Did you have any trouble finding your way in Shanghai?Yes, I tried to find my way to the airport but _.Ahas been lost Bget lostClost Dgot lost答案：D解析：前面的问句以及tried暗示时态应为一般过去时，因此选got l
37、ost。11(2010贵阳部分学校联考)The painting is so valuable that it is difficult to calculate _ its price would be.Athat BwhichCwhat D/答案：C解析：考查名词性从句。这里用what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作表语。这画太名贵了，很难估量其价格。12(2010江西师大附中)_ that we should look after the three dogs three times, my mother left home.AMentioningBHaving been mentionedC
38、Having mentionedDMentioned答案：C解析：mention这个动作的逻辑主语是mother，首先排除B、D两项；mention这个动作发生在leave之前，故应用having done的形式。13There are _ people dancing and singing in the park on May Day.Aa great many Ba great many ofCthe large number of Da great deal of答案：A解析：a great many 修饰可数名词复数；a great deal of 修饰不可数名词；the numbe
39、r of “的数量”；a great many of 所修饰的可数名词前有 the, these, those 等。14He is always too ready to help others, seldom, _， refusing them when they turn to him.Aif never Bif everCif not Dif possible答案：B解析：句意为：“他很少拒绝别人，如果曾经有过的话。”15Tom has practised his part over and over again. _ that he will perform well on the s
40、tage.ANo doubt BNo wonderCNo possibility DNo good答案：A解析：句意：汤姆已经反复练习他的角色多次了。毫无疑问他将会在舞台上有很好的表现。 .完形填空“Are you too stupid to do anything right？” These wordssaid by a woman to a little boy who was obviously her sonwere spoken _1_ he had walked away from her. The boy returned, his eyes downcast.Not a _2_
41、 moment, perhaps, _3_ small moments sometimes last a very long time. And a few wordsthough they mean _4_ at the time to the people who say themcan have great _5_ .I recently heard a story from a man named Malcolm Dalkoff. For the last 24 years he has been a professional _6_. Here is what he told me：
42、As a boy in Rock Island, Dalkoff was terribly _7_ . He had few _8_ and no selfconfidence. One day, his English teacher, Ruth Brach, gave the class an assignment(作业). The students had been reading To Kill a Mockingbird. Now they were to write their own chapter that would _9_ the last chapter of the n
43、ovel.Dalkoff wrote his chapter and turned it _10_ . Today he can not recall anything _11_ about the chapter he wrote, or what _12_ Mrs Branch gave him. What he does remember is the four words Mrs. Branch wrote in the margin(空白处) of the paper：“This is _13_ writing.” Four words. They _14_ his life._15
44、_ I read those words, I had no idea of who I was or _16_ I was going to be，”he said.“After reading her note, I went home and wrote a short story, something I had always been _17_ of doing but never believed I could do.” Over the rest of that year in school, he wrote many short stories and always bro
45、ught them to school for Mrs Branch to evaluate. She was _18_ , tough and honest. “She was just what I _19_，” Dalkoff said.His confidence _20_. Dalkoff believes that none of this would have happened if that woman had not written those four words in the margin of his paper.1A. where B. why C. because
46、D. when2A. wonderful B. difficult C. funny D. big3A. yet B. although C. for D. therefore4A. much B. little C. more D. most5A. meaning B. power C. force D. sense6A. writer B. player C. poet D. singer7A. sorry B. proud C. sick D. shy8A. books B. ideas C. friends D. chances9A. follow B. match C. decide
47、 D. improve10A. on B. in C. out D. down11A. more B. again C. special D. different12A. honors B. remarks C. prizes D. grade13A. poor B. serious C. good D. silly14A. changed B. damaged C. affected D. improved15A. Unless B. Until C. When D. While16A. what B. how C. where D. which17A. tired B. fond C. p
48、roud D. dreaming18A. strict B. kind C. encouraging D. praising19A. feared B. needed C. expected D. loved20A. grew B. lifted C. appeared D. returned答案及解析：1. C。妈妈说气话是“因为”小孩从她身边走开了。2. D。从后句中的small moments推出。3. A。根据句意表转折。4. B。有时候几句话对说话者没什么关系或影响，但对听话者有时候有很大的影响。5. B。meaning是“意思，含义”，power表“影响力”。6A。根据后文可知道D
49、alkoff是职业作家。7D。根据后文小男孩没有朋友，没有自信可推断他“害羞”。8C。9A。接着小说的最后一章再自己写一章。10B。turn in“上交”。11C。现在他不记得自己所写的特别之处，也不记得老师所给的分数。12D13C。老师赞扬他的文章。14A。老师对他的肯定评价改变了他的一生。15B。考查not.until.句型。16A。直到读了这几个字我才知道我是谁，我今后要干什么。17D。写故事是我一直梦想但又从来不相信我能做的事。18C。根据前文知道老师是一个“给人鼓励”的人。19B。Dalkoff从小是个害羞的人，如果没有这个老师，没有这个老师的鼓励肯定，Dalkoff的一生就不会有改
50、变，所以“老师正是他所需要的”。文章没谈到对老师的“爱”，所以排除D。20A。grow“增加”。.短文改错Time flies as an arrow. Im already in the second half 1._of senior grade 3 before I realized it. It is only a little more 2._than three months before I graduate middle school.3._At the present, Im busy reviewing my lessons in order to 4._aslikerea
51、lizedrealizegraduate后加from去掉thetake the college entrance examination. I hope to go to 5._Beijing University, that is one of the best universities not 6._only in China but also in the world. Ill try my best to turn 7._my dream to reality. Most of my classmates are also 8._examinationexaminationsthatwhichtointo studying very hard to realize our wishes. I do believe everyone 9._will be able to enter a very good university and college. 10._ourtheirandor