1、专题06 代词it2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全【考点详解】【命题解读】 代词中的it是历年高考的重要考点。在2021年高考乙卷和2020年课标I卷，2018年，2016年等多年高考课标I卷中都考查了代词it的用法。【命题预测】预计2023年高考中代词it仍然是热门命题点。但是，命题者会更加注重学生们在特定语言环境中对代词的把握，以及it充当形式主语或形式宾语等的用法。【复习建议】1.掌握人称代词it的基本用法2.掌握it充当形式主语和形式宾语3.掌握it的固定句型和固定短语考点一 （it的基本用法）1it指代前面所提到过的事情、事物；身份不明的人或婴儿；未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或
2、情况。The Parkers bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in.(指双方都明白的事情)帕克一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作需要去做。2it用作形式主语或形式宾语，而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面，真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动名词、不定式充当。New technologies make it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.新的科技使得以更快的速度、更低的成本生产新产品成为可能。As
3、 far as Im concerned, it is no use arguing with him; he wont change his mind.就我个人而言，同他争论没用，他不会改变主意。【典例剖析】(2022全国卷I) Running is cheap, easy and its always energetic. If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give _ a t
4、ry.【答案】it【解析】考查代词。句意“我们应当尝试一下”，give it a try为固定短语，故填it。3表示“喜欢、爱恨”等心理活动的动词后面接it作形式宾语再接从句，it为形式宾语，指代后面的从句，这类动词有enjoy, prefer, love, like, hate, dislike, appreciate等。I hate it when I have to speak in French on the phone. 不得不用法语打电话，我感到很厌烦。I like it when she sings me a song. 我喜欢她为我唱歌。I would appreciate i
5、t if you could help me. 如果您能帮我，我将不胜感激。Please see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough money when you go out.当你出门时请务必带够钱。You can count on it that he is very smart. 你就相信吧，他非常聪明。You can put it that it was arranged before.你可以说这是以前安排的。I take it that you dont agree with me. 我的理解是：你不同意我的见解。4.(1)如果指
6、代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it； (2)如果指代天气、时间、距离，则用it；考点二 （it用于强调句型及其他固定句式中）1.强调句型（1）It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who .It is on the farm where we worked together that we got to know each other.我们是在一起工作过的农场上相互认识的。（2）It is not until + 被强调部分 + that .该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语 “直到才”，可以说是 not . until . 的强调形式。It was not unti
7、l she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.= I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.(2)常见固定句式aItbe时间段since引导的状语从句这个句型表示“自以来已多久了”。表示现在的情况时，主句多用一般现
8、在时或现在完成时，从句多用一般过去时；表示过去的情况时，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。It is three years since his father passed away.自从他父亲去世已经三年了。It was 10 years since they had married.自从他们结婚已经十年了。bItbe时间段before引导的状语从句这个句型中的“时间段”一般为some time, long, . years, . months, . weeks, . days, . hours, . minutes等。主句中的be可用一般过去时was/were或一般将来时will be：
9、用was/were时，before从句用一般过去时；用will be时，before从句常用一般现在时。It wasnt long before he told us about this affair.没过多久他就告诉了我们这件事情。It will be many years before the situation improves.这种状况要过许多年才能得到改善。cItbe时间点when引导的状语从句这个句型中，it指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词(时间一般为具体时间)。主句的谓语动词和从句的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，但是当主句是将来时时，从句一般用一般现在时代替将来时。It w
10、as already 8 oclock when we got home.我们到家时已经8点了。dItbetimethat引导的从句这个句型中从句需用虚拟语气，该句型表示“是做的时候了”，从句谓语动词常用过去式(be用were)。time之前有时可加上high或about以加强语气。It is high time (that) she wrote a letter to her mother.她早该写一封信给她妈妈了。eItbethe first/second/third . timethat引导的从句这个句型表示“这/那是某人第几次做某事”。主句中be是is时，从句要用现在完成时；主句中be
11、是was时，则从句需相应地用过去完成时。It is the first time (that) these Europeans have visited the Great Wall.这是这些欧洲人第一次参观长城。It was the fifth time (that) he had paid a friendly visit to Africa.这是他第五次到非洲友好访问。f. Its +形容词+(for sb) +to do sth（1）It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth.该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引起，主句中的形容
12、词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, rare, impossible, pleasant 等。在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写，如：It is important for her to come to the party.= It is important that she (should ) come to the partyIt is difficult t
13、o walk through eight country parks.Its +形容词+(of sb) +to do sth（2）It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth.该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of 引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有: bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good (好心的), honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的), polite, rude, silly,
14、 stupid, wise, wrong (错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth. It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.2it可用于意义表达不明确的语境中，通常不指代内容，如：get it(明白了)；make it(成功了)；forget it(算了吧)等结构中。【牛刀小试】单句填空Yesterday I lost my pen and I couldnt find _ anywhere.Id appreciate _ if you could teach me how to use
15、 the computer.When shall we meet again?Make _ any day you like; _ is all the same to me.Was _ because Jack came late for school _ Mr Smith got angry?It was not until I came here _ I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.【答案】：ititit; itit; thatthat(2)单句写作(用it作形式主
16、语或形式宾语)我认为我们开这个会是必要的。I think _ that we have the meeting.众所周知，在世界上中国人口最多。_ China has the largest population in the world.据说他们都去看电影了。_ all of them have gone to the cinema.【答案】：it (is) necessaryIt is well known thatIt is said that单项选择1I admired the painting, and Ed said he would like me to have _ as a
17、gift from him.AoneBitCthisDsome2I believe _ no use reading without full understanding.AthatBthisCitDyou3Have you heard about Huawei P30?Sure. It is very hot these days. Im thinking about getting _.AoneBthemCthatDit4She thinks _ difficult to finish the work on time by _.Ait, herselfBthat, her Cit, he
18、rDthis, herself5Alice hopes to have a pet cat, but her mother doesnt want to buy _ for her.AoneBthisCitDthat6Anything more about the Annas family life?Well, she makes _ a rule to go shopping once a week.AthisBthatCherselfDit7As this is my first time in China, I would appreciate _ if you could recomm
19、end some Chinese dishes to me.AitByouCthisDthat8Two Yangtze Evening Paper, please! Only one copy left. Would you like to have _, sir?AoneBitCthisDthem9Actually, _ is a challenging job for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company.AthereBthisCthatDit10As the busiest woman in the
20、village, Huang Wenxiu made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that village.AthisBthatCitDone11The doctor considered _ a good idea for the businessman to take a holiday.AthisBthatConeDit12I think _ necessary that we drink plenty of water every day.AwhatBthatCthisDit13“_ survive
21、 the tiger attack.” the little boy thought to himself.AI am not possible toBIt is likely that I will notCIt is likely to notDI possibly dont14Why dont you bring _ to his attention that you are too ill to work on?AthatBitChisDhim15Mikes never willing to change his mind. Its no use _ with him.Ato argu
22、eBarguingCarguedDhave been argued16It is believed_ children should learn to be responsible from the very beginning.AwhyBthatChowDwhen17As they were educated by the same teacher, _was no wonder that they should do the work in a similar way.AthisBthatCthereDit18I could appreciate _ if you could do me
23、a favor.AitBthatCwhatDwhich19I need to buy a new MP4 and cell phone, but I cant afford_.AoneBthatCitDthe one20As far as Im concerned, he never breaks his word; you can rely on _ that hell come to meet you on time.AhimBitCyourselfDone21_is necessary to learn English.AHowBThatCThisDIt22Do you think _
24、true that _is hard work that leads to success?Ait; itBit; whatCthat; itDwhat; which23Id appreciate _ if you could give me an early reply.AyouBmyselfCitDthem24His dream was that the Olympic Games would make_ possible for countries to live peacefully.AthatBitCwhichDwhat25Caught in a dilemma, .Ait was
25、hard to make a decision.Bnothing seemed to be of help.Cmaking a decision seemed hard.Dhe found it hard to make a decision.26I dont think it wise the hard work that they have refused to do.Afor you to take onBof you to take onCfor you taking onDof you taking on27Until now,we have raised 50,000 pounds
26、 for the poor children,_is quite unexpected.AthatBwhichCwhoDit28I know the dinner with your boss will be boring, but if you get an important phone call during meal, it is easier to .Amake a hitBmake an exitCmake a differenceDmake a distinction29To get the most of each achievement, you owe_ to yourse
27、lf to pause and reflect on the experience before you move on to the next one.AsomethingBnothingCitDthat30_is required that under no circumstances _he betray his motherland even if there are temptations like money or beauty.AWhat; canBIt; couldCIt; shouldDWhat; could31The Internet has made _ possible
28、 for us to keep in touch with the world.AitBthisCthatDone32Ideally we would want_to be good contact between the child and both parentsAitBthereConeDany33（2014山东）Susan made_ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.AthatBthisCitDher34-Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert?-Y
29、es, but I dont like _ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dont like.AthisBthatCthoseDit35 Have you got used to the Chinese food, Robert? Yes. But I dont like _ when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dont like.AthisBthatCit36Ray is a new graduate, and _ seems that he has difficul
30、ty in dealing with _ problems arise.Awhat, whicheverBwhat, wheneverCit, whateverDit, wherever37The information tells me that the way of education in Canada is quite different from _ in China.AoneBitCthatDthose38 How did _ feel to run 3,000 meters at the sports meeting?Terrible! Especially when I saw
31、 I was left so far _ by others.Athat; aloneBit; aloneCthat; behindDit; behind39The sun is bigger than the moon , _ we all know it.AandBasCwhichDit40How would you like _ if the power went out when you were watching your favorite TV program?AthemBthoseCitDone【参考答案】1B【详解】考查代词。句意：我很欣赏这幅画，艾德说他想让我把它作为他送给我
32、的礼物。分析句子结构可知，此处为代词作宾语，结合句意可知，此处指代的是上文中的the painting，指代上文中的同一事物，应使用代词it。故选B项。2C【详解】考查it的用法。句意：我认为没有充分的理解，阅读是没有用的。分析可知，空白处及之后的内容作谓语believe的宾语；句式：believe it +名词+动名词，it为形式宾语，指代其后的动名词。本句中it指代“reading without full understanding”，选项C符合题意，故选C。3A【详解】考查代词。句意：你听说过华为P30吗？当然。最近很热门。我在考虑买一个。A. one 泛指一个，同名异物，相当于a/a
33、n + 名词；B. them 他们，指代前文出现过的复数名词；C. that 是特指，同名异物，相当于the + 名词；D. it 指代前文提到的同一个，同名同物。根据句意和语境可知，此处应用one指代一个华为P30手机，故选A。4A【详解】考查形式宾语和代词。句意：她认为单靠自己的力量按时完成这项工作是困难的。分析句子，第一个空处，放在thinks的后面作宾语，指代真正的宾语“to finish the work”，用形式宾语it；第二个空处，by oneself意思为：独自，主语为She，反身代词用herself。故选A项。5A【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：爱丽丝希望有一只宠物猫，但她妈
34、妈不想给她买。A. one代词，同类异物，泛指；B. this指示代词，特指；C. it人称代词，同类同物，特指；D. that指示代词，特指。根据句意可知，妈妈不想给爱丽丝买“一只宠物猫”，它可以是任何品种，任意一只，是泛指，应用代词one指代。故选A项。6D【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：-还有关于安娜的家庭生活吗?-嗯，她定了一个规则，每周去购物一次。A.this这个；B.that那个；C.herself她自己；D.it它，可做形式宾语。make it a rule to do sth.为固定用法，其中it为形式宾语，to do为真正的宾语，故选D。7A【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：这是我第一
35、次来中国，如果你能给我推荐一些中国菜，我将非常感激。I would appreciate it if you could.为固定句型，it作形式宾语，故选A。8B【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：请来两份扬子晚报！只剩下一份了。先生，您要吗？根据句意可知，空格处单词代指“剩下的唯一一份报纸”，即上文提到的同一事物，应用“it”替代；“one”用于泛指上文提到的某类事物中的一个；“this”和被代替的名词并非之同一事物，而是同类事物，多用于事物的比较；“them”代指同一事物的复数。故选B项。9D【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：事实上，对于年轻员工来说，与这样一家大公司谈判合同是一项具有挑战性的工作。
36、A.there代词，表示某事物存在或发生；常用于结构There is/are.；B.this这个，表示后文中将要提到的某物；C.that代词，特指上文提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词，为同类异物；D.it代词，用于句型It is/was + a(n) + 单数名词+ (for sb.) to do sth.，句型中it为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式。分析可知，本句中的主语为for the young staff to negotiate contracts with such a big company，所以空白处填it作形式主语。故选D。10C【详解】考查代词it和代词辨析。句意：作为村里最忙
37、的妇女，她认为照料其他人的事是她的职责。当不定式作宾语，同时又有自己的补足语时，常常用形式宾语it代替不定式，而把真正的宾语不定式后移。常用结构为：make/feel/find.+it+宾补（n./adj.）+to do sth.。分析句子可知，空格处是宾语，代替真正的宾语“ to look after all the other peoples affairs in that village”，用形式宾语it。this这个；that那个；one一个。故选C。11D【详解】考查代词。句意：这个医生认为这个商人去度假是个好主意。分析句子结构可知，本句含有“动词(consider)+it宾补(fo
38、r sb.) to do sth.”结构， it是形式宾语，(for sb.) to do sth.是真正宾语。this这个；that那个；one一个。故选 D。12D【详解】考查it用法。句意：我认为我们每天喝大量的水是必要的。此处为“think it+形容词+that从句”结构，it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。故选D。13B【详解】考查likely的用法和it做形式主语。句意：小男孩心想：“我很可能在老虎的袭击中活不下来”。likely 的用法为“ It is likely that.”和 “sb be likely to do sth” 。possible一般不用表示人的词作主语
39、，但若真的要用表示人的词作主语，possible后接不定式，构成“It is possible（for sb）to do sth ”。副词是用来修饰动词的,一般放在情态动词、be动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前。综合以上分析。故选B项。14B【详解】考查代词。句意：为什么你不让他注意到你病的太严重了以至于不能继续工作了呢？分析句子结构可知，设空处作bring的宾语；根据句意可知，设空处用于指代that you are too ill to work on；可知，设空处为形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句；形式宾语用it表示。故选B选项。15B【详解】考查动名词作主语。句意：迈克从不愿意
40、改变主意。和他争论是没有用的。固定句型：Its no use doing sth.“做某事没有用”，其中it是形式主语，动名词是句子的真正主语。故选B。16B【详解】考查固定句型。句意：人们认为，孩子应该从一开始就学会负责任。这里使用了固定句型：It is believed that据相信.其中it在这里是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。故选B。17D【详解】考查固定句型。句意：由于他们接受的是同一位老师的教育，他们以同样的方式做这项工作并不奇怪。表示“不足为奇；并不奇怪”句型为its no wonder that +从句，其中it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。故
41、选D。18A【详解】考查it的用法。句意：如果你可以帮助我，我将感激不尽。appreciate后接宾语从句时，常接it作形式宾语，再接宾语从句作真正的宾语。故选A项。19A【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：我需要买一个新的MP4和一个手机，但我买不起。A. one一个（泛指）；B. that那个；C. it那个；D. the one那一个。根据句意可知，此处没有特指是哪一个，应用one表泛指，即同类中的某一个，泛指上文提到的名词“MP4 and cell phone”。故选A。20B【详解】考查it的用法。句意：就我所知，他从不食言；你放心，他会准时来见你的。分析句子可知，分号后面为宾语从句，rel
42、y on“依靠”后缺少宾语，“that hell come to meet you on time”为宾语从句，此处用代词it放在on前作形式宾语来指代宾语从句。故选B项。21D【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：学英语很有必要。分析句子可知，本句不定式to learn English为真正的主语，由于不定式后置了，所以用it作形式主语，故选D。22A【详解】考查it作形式宾语和强调句。句意：你认为努力工作会导致成功是真的吗？分析句子可知，第一空是it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是that引导的宾语从句；第二空是强调句型，强调句的基本结构是：it is/was +被强调部分+ that + 句子的其他
43、成分，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用who代替that，应用it。故选A。23C【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：如果你能尽早给我答复，我将不胜感激。根据句意可知，我感激的是“你能尽早给我答复”，故空格处应用it作形式宾语，if引导的从句为真正的宾语，构成句型“Id appreciate it +if从句”，意为“如果，我将不胜感激”。故选C项。24B【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：他的梦想是奥运会使各国和平共处成为可能。分析句子结构可知， make it possible to do sth.使做某事成为可能，固定搭配，此处it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语，此处形容词possibl
44、e作宾语补足语。故选B。25D【详解】考查形式宾语和不定式。句意：他进退两难，发现很难做出决定。本句用it做形式宾语，结合句式：主语+动词+it+形容词+不定式，主语是he，谓语动词是found，形容词是hard，不定式部分是to make a decision，连起来是he found it hard to make a decision。故选D项。26B【详解】考查不定式。句意：我认为你承担他们拒绝做的艰苦工作是不明智的。当形容词表明的是人的性格、品质时，使用固定句式it is+adj+of sb+to do。故选B。27B【详解】考查定语从句。句意：直到现在,我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了50
45、 000英镑,这很出乎意料。which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主语，可译为这件事。注意：that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选B。28B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我知道和你老板的晚餐会很无聊，但是如果你在吃饭的时候接到一个重要的电话，那就更容易退场了。A. make a hit击中球，其常引申为获得成功；B. make an exit 字面意思是找出口，常引申为退出、退场等；C. make a difference 有所作为、获得成功；D. make a distinction加以区别、指出。空格所在的句子中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是to和空格处所组成的
46、动词不定式，故空格处填动词原形。根据句意和语境可知此处指和老板吃饭太无聊，想退场。故选B。29C【详解】考查代词。句意：为了让每一个成就最大程度发挥作用，在你进入下一项之前，你有必要暂停并反思自己的经历。A. something某事，某物；B. nothing没有什么；C. it 它；D. that那个。此处为固定表达owe it to oneself. to do sth.“认为自己有必要.”，其中it是形式宾语，不定式为真正的宾语。故选C。30C【详解】考查主语从句和倒装。句意：要求他在任何情况下都不应该背叛他的祖国，即使有金钱或美丽等诱惑。此处为固定句型It is required th
47、at sb./sth. should do.“要求某人/某事做.”，此处it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，且从句要用虚拟语气，谓语部分为(should) do ；从句中，状语under no circumstances “决不”置于句首，所在句子需要部分倒装，将情态动词should置于主语he之前。故选C项。31A【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：互联网使我们与世界保持联系成为可能。此处为“make it+形容词+for sb.+ to do sth.”结构，it作形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。故选A。32A【详解】考查代词。句意：理想情况下，我们希望孩子和父母之间能有良好的接触。A. it
48、它；B. there 在那里；C. one一个；D. any任何。本句中代词it是一个谦词，用在句中无实际意义，但是不可省略，属于一种特殊句型，其他的几个代词没有这种用法。故选A。33C【详解】考查代词it。句意：Susan向我表明她希望能过上新的生活。这是一个宾语从句，make的宾语是that引导的句子，在本句中用it做形式宾语代指that引导的宾语从句。故选C。34D【详解】考查it用法。句意：你习惯中国的饮食了吗，Robert？我不喜欢中国的主人不停地让我吃我不喜欢的食物。本题的it被称为模糊it，在句中没有意思，但是不能省略，一般用于表达个人感情，如喜好等。如Ihateitwhenit
49、ishot。故选D项。35C【详解】考查形式宾语。句意：你习惯中国食物了吗，罗伯特？是的。但是我不喜欢中国主人老是给我上我不喜欢的食物。when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dont like.是句子真正的宾语，放在句末，前面需要使用形式宾语，故选C。36D【详解】考查it和名词性从句。句意：Ray刚刚大学毕业，他似乎很难处理任何出现的问题。分析句子可知，第一空应用it作形式主语，seems后面的that引导真正的主语从句，it seems that“似乎”；第二空是宾语从句，arise是不及物动词，分析句子可知，此处需要一个地点状语，
50、故用wherever引导符合语境。综上所述，故选D项。37C【详解】考查代词。句意：这条信息告诉我在加拿大的教育方式和中国的教育方式很不一样。前后比较的是教育方式，用that指代the加名词。A .one是泛指一个，B.it 指的是同一个东西，D .those指代the 加名词复数，故选C。38D【详解】考查it作形式主语和固定短语。句意：运动会上跑3000米感觉怎么样？糟透了！尤其是当我看到自己被别人远远的甩在后面的时候。故选D项。首先看第一个空，根据句子结构可以判定，句子真正的主语是不定式to run 3,000 meters at the sports meeting，空格处应用it作形
51、式主语，故第一个空填it。第二个空考查固定搭配，leave alone意为“不管，不理，不干涉”，leave alone意为“落后”，根据句意可知，是我被别人甩在后面，故第二个空填behind。故选D项。39A【分析】这是一道单项选择题。【详解】考查连词的辨析。句意：太阳比月亮要大，这我们都知道。A. and而且；B. as当；C. which哪一个，引导定语从句；D. it它，引导形式主语或宾语。根据句意分析可以知道此处的从句里面的it指的就是前面的句子所说的事情，因此表示与前面的主句是并列关系。故选A。40C【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：如果你在看你喜欢的电视节目时停电了，你会怎么想？A. them他们；B. those那些；C. it它，可作形式宾语；D. one一个。在一些表示“喜好、厌恶”的动词之后，如enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等，后接if从句或when从句，通常先在动词后接it作形式宾语。故选C。
