1、四川省2015高考英语人教版一轮讲义：选修8 Unit 3（1）Unit 3Inventors and inventions1distinguish(vi.& vt.)显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别2passive(adj.)被动的；消极的；被动语态的3seize(vt.)抓住；捉住；夺4file(n.)文件；档案；文件夹(vt.)提交；将归档5freezing(adj.)冰冻的；严寒的6bear(vt.)忍受；忍耐；负担7tap(vt.& vi.)轻打；轻拍；轻敲(n.)轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头8stable(adj.)稳固的；稳定的；安定的9practical(adj.)实际的；实践的；
2、实用的10competence (n.)能力；胜任；本领11current n(水或气)流；电流；adj.现在的；当前的12merciful(adj.)宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的mercy(n.)宽大；仁慈13convenient(adj.)便利的；方便的；就近的convenience(n.)便利；方便inconvenient(adj.)不方便的；引起麻烦的14caution(n.)小心；谨慎cautious(adj.)小心的；谨慎的cautiously(adv.)小心地；谨慎地15expectation(n.)预料；期待；期望expect(v.)预料；期待；期望；认为16innocent(adj
3、.)清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence(n.)天真；清白17associate(vt.)联想；联系；(n.)同伴；伙伴association(n.)协会；社团；联合；联想18abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地1call_up给打电话2now_and_then偶尔；有时3set_about开始；着手4dive_into迅速把手伸入；一心投入5set_out_(to_do)开始(做)6hang_on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7out_of_order次序颠倒；发生故障8get_through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9ring_bac
4、k回复电话10ring_off挂断电话1Follow it up，explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟随它，在它的周围探索，那么在你知道它之前，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。名师指津：“祈使句and陈述句”结构。例句仿写：尽力和你的孩子成为朋友，这样你会真正地知道他们在想什么。Try to be friends with your children，and_you_will_really_know wh
5、at they are thinking about.2The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。名师指津：so.that.引导的结果状语从句。例句仿写：这个巨星如此平易近人，以至于她和粉丝们相处得很好。This superstar is so_easygoing_that she can get along well with fans.3The next morn
6、ing I got up early before the sun was hot.第二天早上，天还不是很热，我就早早地起来了。名师指津：before意为“在之前”，引导时间状语从句。例句仿写：遭受地震袭击的地区，人们的生活要过很长时间才会恢复正常。It_will_be_a_long_time_before the peoples life in earthquakestricken areas returns to normal.4Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an invent
7、or.只有获得了认证，你才可以说是一个真正的发明者。名师指津：only状语位于句首主句要部分倒装。例句仿写：只有当他离开家时他才意识到他的家是多么的好。Only when he was away from home did_he_realize how nice home was.distinguish vi.& vt.辨别；显示的差别(朗文P588)The twins are so alike，its difficult to distinguish one from the other.这对双胞胎太像了，很难分辨出谁是谁。(1)(2)distinguished adj.卓越的，著名的，杰出
8、的(3)distinguishable adj.易分辨的，能区分的(牛津P580)At what age are children able to distinguish_between_right_and_wrong?儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非？ It is known to us that Sun Yang has already distinguished himself as an althlete.众所周知，孙杨作为一名运动员已享有盛名。Honestly speaking，I admire your distinguished achievements.诚实地说，我真羡慕你卓越的成就
9、。convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的教材原句P20：They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.他们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了。(1)(2)Come and see me whenever it_is_convenient_to_you.只要你方便，随时过来看我。Trains are fast and convenient，but rush hours can be terrible.城铁方便快捷，但上下班高峰时也会拥挤得可怕。Ill call in two weeks to arrange
10、 a meeting at_your_convenience.我会在两周后打电话来把会议安排在您方便的时候。bear(bore，borne) vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；生育(牛津P129)The ice is too thin to bear your weight.冰太薄，承受不住你的重量。(1)bear/stand/tolerate doing/to do sth.忍受做某事put up with sth.容忍某事(2)bear/keep sth.in mind记住bear a heavy burden肩负重担I cant bear people smoking while hes eati
11、ng.我无法忍受人们吃饭时吸烟。Bearing_a_heavy_burden，she has to work hard to bring up her children.肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。Reasonable as the opinion sounds，it cannot bear the test through analysis.虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析。associate vt.联想；联系；n.同伴；伙伴(2012辽宁卷信息匹配)The first step to making friends is associating with other peop
12、le.交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。(1)(2)You must bear it in mind that you should never associate with bad companions.你必须要牢记千万别和坏人交往。(牛津P104)He is closely_associated_in the public mind with horror movies.在公众的心目中，他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。We are working in association with a local company to raise money for the homeless.我们联合一
13、家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。.完成句子1In my opinion，_(旅行是非常方便的) in London by underground.答案：it is very convenient to travel2He wished to forget everything_(跟过去的生活有联系) and start a new life.答案：associated with his former life3If you would give me another chance，I believe I can_(达到你的期望)答案：live up to your expectation4W
14、hen the couple were laid off，_(没有稳定的收入)，they could hardly make ends meet.答案：with no stable income5Hes too young to_(明辨是非)，and needs your guidance.答案：distinguish right from wrong.单项填空1(2014皖南八校联考)It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man_the other animals. AwithBfro
15、m Cbetween Damong解析：考查介词。句意为：正是高超的智力和使用语言的能力把人和其他动物区别开来。distinguish.from.把和区别开来，为固定搭配。答案：B2Have you decided which house to buy?No，not yet.I must find a house that is_for all kinds of transportation.AconvenientBappropriateCavailableDcontent解析：convenient方便的；便利的，其主语通常是物，符合题意。答案：A3As far as the American
16、 children are concerned，the Christmas is_with excitement，happiness and gifts.AassociatedBgetCdealDsatisfied解析：句意为：对于美国的孩子来说，圣诞节与兴奋、幸福和礼物连在一起。associate联想，联系；be associated with与有联系，符合题意。be satisfied with对感到满意，其余两项搭配不当。答案：A4Why did Bob cry?He couldnt bear_like that before the whole class.Amaking fun of
17、Bbeing made fun ofCto be laughedDbeing made fun解析：动词bear后跟v.ing形式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。答案：Bcall up给打电话；使回忆起教材原句P20：When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset.我给住在乡下的母亲打电话的时候，她感到很心烦。call at拜访(某个地点)call off取消，停止call on/upon拜访(某人)；号召call for需求；需要；去接(某人)；为争取而呐喊The sound
18、of happy laughter called_up memories of his childhood.这笑声使他回忆起童年时代的情景。The Ministry of Education calls on students to exercise for an hour every day.教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。As far as I know，the flight has been called_off because of the bad weather.据我所知，航班因天气恶劣被取消。get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过(全国卷)She fo
19、und writing helped her get through the rough days.她发现写作帮助她度过了那些艰难的岁月。get across被理解，使人了解get into进入；陷入；染上(习惯)get off下车；脱下(衣服等)；(使)动身；(飞机)起飞get along with.与相处get over越过(墙等)；克服；从(病、损失等)中恢复过来 I tried phoning her office，but I couldnt get through.我试着给她办公室打电话，但是没打通。 Much to my delight，I got_through the driv
20、ing test.使我非常高兴的是，我通过了驾驶考试。(2011安徽卷)I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.我设法做完了游戏，最后疼痛是值得的。If we can get_over present difficulties，then everything should be all right.如果我们克服了目前的困难，那么一切都应该好起来。.完成句子1Your letter_(使我想起岁月) we worked together on the farms fifteen years ag
21、o.答案：calls up the days when2Have you finished your homework yet?Not yet，I_(开始做) just a few minutes ago.答案：set out to do/set about doing3Its the love and responsibility that have driven him to_(度过) many hardships and survive.答案：get through4The teacher was angry with Tom because he looked out of the w
22、indow _(偶尔，有时)答案：now and then5The machine_(出故障)I have to have it repaired.答案：is out of order6If you_(不挂断，稍等) a while I will go and see if I can find your mother.答案：hang on.单项填空1(2014南京四校阶段调研)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can_preparing your business plan.Aset out Bset aboutCset off
23、Dset up解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：收集到的信息已备好，你可以开始准备你的商业计划了。此处应用set about表示“开始做，着手做”，其后用动名词形式。set out 后接 to do，set off表示“出发”，set up表示“建立”，均与语境不符，所以选B 项。答案：B2(2014皖北协作区联考)Do you know his daughter will_the project?Really？I dont know it yet.Alook up to Bget across toClive up to Dget down to解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：你知道他的女儿将
24、开始做这个计划吗？真的吗？我还不知道。get down to开始做，符合语境。答案：D3(2013江西临川一中压轴考试)In terms of character teaching，storytelling is one of the best ways to_your points_，especially to young kids.Aget；aroundBget；acrossCget；overDget；through解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意为：就汉字教学而言，讲故事是(学生)理解你的观点的最好的方法，特别是对小孩子来说。get around到处走走，说服；get across理解；get over克服；get through完成，接通。根据题意可知，应选B项。答案：B4Please forgive me to_you_so late，but I have something urgent.Thats all right.Whats the matter?Acall；byBcall；offCcall；inDcall；up解析：考查短语辨析。call up给打电话。句意为：请原谅我这么晚给你打电话，但是我有急事。没关系，什么事？call by顺路来一下；call off取消；call in顺路(到某处或某人的家)。答案：D。
