上海市闵行区2020届高三英语下学期二模考试试题（含解析）.doc

1、上海市闵行区2020届高三英语下学期二模考试试题（含解析）考生注意：1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分, 试卷共 12 页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上, 做在试卷上一律不得分。3. 答题前, 务必在答题纸上填写学校、姓名和考生号。I. Listening Comprehension Section ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each convers

2、ation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. A coo

3、k. B. A dentist. C. A surgeon. D. A technician .2. A. She d like to have the windows open. B. She likes to have the air conditioner on .C. The air is heavily polluted . D. The windows are always open.3. A. Art attraction. B. Painting skills.C. Furniture quality. D. Room decoration.4. A. She apprecia

4、tes the mans effort. B. She does enjoy spicy food.C. She is annoyed with the man. D. She doesnt like the food the man prepared .5. A. They cant fit into the machine. B. They were sent to the wrong stress.C. They havent been delivered yet . D. They were found to be of the wrong type .6. A. The long w

5、aiting time. B. The broken down computer.C. The mistakes in her telephone bill. D. The bad telephone service.7. A. Its quality. B. Its price C. Its materials D. Its appearance.8. A. Walk in the countryside. B. Do some exercise.C. Go shopping. D. Wash some dresses.9. A. He is going to visit a photo s

6、tudio. B. He has just had his picture taken.C. He is one the way to the theatre. D. He has just returned from a job interview.10. A. He doesnt want Jenny to get into trouble.B. He doesnt agree with the womans remark.C. He thinks Jennys workload too heavy at college.D. He believes most college studen

7、ts are running wild.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once.

8、 When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Attend expert growers lecture. B. Visit fruit-lovig families.C. Plant fruit trees in

9、an orchard(果园). D. Taste many kinds of apples.12. A. It is a new variety. B. It is the best variety for eating quality.C. It is rarely seen now. D. It needs perfect soil to grow.13 A. To show how to grow apples. B. To introduce an apple festival .C. To help people select apples. D. To attract more p

10、eople to visit BritainQuestions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14. A. Lack of sleep could lead to heath problem.B. Lack of sleep affects adults more than children.C. Sleeping problems are one of the leading causes of obesity.D. The amount of sleep people need changes with age.15. A. L

11、ess sleep is needed when they enter adolescence.B. Ideally, they need 8 hours of sleep a night.C. They may have difficulty in falling asleep before 11:00 pm .D. They always wake up at midnight due to biological changes .16. A. The amount of sleep and academic performance.B. A comparison of different

12、 time to start school .C. Students sleeping time and social behaviors.D. A beneficial change of school starting time.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Extreme sports . B. City life.C. Humans potential. D. Danger and safety.18. A. They like to stay isolated . B. T

13、hey prefer danger to safety.C. They want to know their potential. D. They are bored with the traditional ones.19. A. Objective. B. Negative. C. Positive. D. Neutral.20. A. It is interesting and challenging . B. It is dangerous and needs no skills.C. It enables people to face fears. D. It only stimul

14、ate individualism.II. Grammar and vocabulary Section ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one wor

15、d that best fits each blank.A brief history of Chopsticks.Weve discussed the story of knife and fork, but theres another set of utensils(器皿) used by billions of people around the worldand it has a truly ancient past. The Chinese have been wielding chopsticks since at least 1200 B.C., and by A.D. 500

16、 chopsticks _1_ (sweep) the Asian continent from Vietnam to Japan. From their humble beginnings _2_ cooking utensils to paper-wrapped bamboo sets at the sushi counter, theres more to chopsticks than meets the eye.Chopsticks _3_ (develop) about 5000 years ago in China. The _4_ (early) versions were p

17、robably twigs used to get food from cooking pots. When resources became scare, around 400 B. C. ,crafty chefs figured out _5_ to conserve fuel by chopping food into smaller pieces that required less cooking fuel, and besides, it could be cooked more quickly. This new method of cooking made it unnece

18、ssary to have knives at the dinner tablea practice that also matched the non-violent teachings of Confucius ( 孔 子 )，_6_ expressed in one of his numerous quotations:“ the honorable and upright man keeps well away from both the slaughterhouse(屠宰房) and the kitchen. And he allows no knives on his table.

19、” As a vegetarian, he believed that knives sharp points evoked( 诱 发 ) violence _7_ (kill) the happy, contented mood that should reign during meals. Thanks in part to his teachings, chopstick use quickly became widespread throughout Asia.Different cultures adopted different chopstick styles. Perhaps

20、in a nod to Confucius, Chinese chopsticks featured a blunt rather than pointed end. In Japan, chopsticks were 8 inches long for men and 7 inches long for women. In 1878 the Japanese became the first _8_ (create) the now-ubiquitous disposable set, typically made of bamboo or wood. Wealthy diners coul

21、d eat with ivory, jade, coral, brass or agate versions, while the most privileged used silver sets. It was believed that the silver would corrode and turn black _9_ it came into contact with poisoned food.Throughout history, chopsticks have enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with another staple of Asi

22、an cuisine: rice. At first glance, youd think that rice wouldnt make the cut, but in Asia most rice is of the short- or medium-grain variety. The starches(淀粉质食品) in these rices create a cooked product that is gummy and clumpy, unlike the fluffy and distinct grains of Western long- grain rice. _10_ c

23、hopsticks come together to lift steaming bundles of sticky rice, its a match made in heaven.【答案】1. had swept 2. as 3. were developed 4. earliest 5. how 6. as 7. killing 8. to create 9. if/when 10. As/Because/Since【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章简单介绍了筷子的历史渊源。【1题详解】考查时态。句意：截止公元500年，筷子已经传遍了亚洲大陆，从越南到日本。分析句子可知，这里sweep的动作在

24、一个过去的时间点之前已经完成了，要用过去完成时。故填had swept。【2题详解】考查介词。句意：从作为餐具的简陋的雏形到寿司柜台上纸包竹的套装。分析句意可知，这里humble beginnings与cooking utensils所指的含义是相同的，都是筷子最初的形态，要用介词as表示“作为”。故填as。【3题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：大约五千年前筷子在中国被发展起来。分析句意可知，主语Chopsticks与谓语动词develop之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，且动作发生于过去的时间点，要用一般过去时。故填were developed。【4题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：最早的样子可能是用

25、来从锅具里夹取食物的小树枝。这里承接上文介绍筷子的起源，应该要介绍最早的筷子形态，要用形容词最高级。故填earliest。【5题详解】考查疑问代词。句意：灵巧的厨师想出了通过把食物切成小份从而节省燃料的方法。这里需要空白处与其后的不定式共同构成宾语，可以用“疑问代词+不定式”结构，相当于名词的作用。此处给的是一种烹饪方法，要用how表示“如何、怎样”。故填how。【6题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这样的行为也符合了孔子避免暴力的思想，正如他那句著名的话表达的一样。这里考虑非限制性定语从句，后句缺少主语，且从句意上看含有“正如、就像”的意思，要用as作关系词。故填as。【7题详解】考查非谓语动词。

26、句意：作为一个素食者，他认为刀的尖端会诱发暴力，将本应该在吃饭时拥有的快乐满足的情绪给抹杀掉。分析句子结构可知，kill作violence的后置定语，且kill与violence之间是主动关系，要用现在分词形式。故填killing。【8题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1878年日本人成为了第一批创造出现在通用的由竹子和木头做成的一次性筷子的人。分析句子结构可知，这里create作the first的后置定语，且the first是create的逻辑主语（这些人创造了筷子），要用不定式。故填to create。【9题详解】考查状语从句。句意：人们认为银接触到有毒的食物会腐蚀变黑。这里前后句所描述的

27、动作可以视为是同时发生的，可以用when连接作时间状语从句；也可以视作后句动作发生导致前句动作发生，可以用if连接作条件状语从句。故填if/when。【10题详解】考查连词。句意：因为筷子合在一起来夹起黏成一团的热腾腾的米饭，所以堪称天作之合。分析句意可知，前后句呈现的是因果关系，可以用because、since和as三个从属连词来引导原因状语从句。故填As/Because/Since。Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used onl

28、y once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The “Penny Black”, the first postage stamp issued in Britain and, more importantly, the first postage stamp issued anywhere, _11_ the image of Queen Victoria, but the first British postal service didnt originate in Victoria England. In 1860, Wil

29、liam Dockwra started a public service that _12_ the quick delivery of a letter anywhere in London. His system was quickly _13_ with Dockwra in charge. It was far from a perfect system, _14_ with seemingly improper charges that made it unreasonably expensive to send a letter. Worse still, recipients

30、were expected to pay. As you might imagine, this _15_ some problemseither people werent home or flatout refused to pay. The system just didnt work, but it remained in place for far too long.About 50 years later, to do better, Rolland Hill argued for putting an end to the postal charges and replacing

31、 them with a single national rate of one penny, which would be paid by the sender. When the post office ignored Hills ideas, he self-published his essay and it quickly gained _16_ among the public. Hill was then ordered by Postmaster General Lord Lichfield to discuss postal reform and ,during their

32、subsequent meetings, the two men conceived of a gluy _17_ that could be applied to the envelops to indicate payment. Though it had gained support with the public who longed for a affordably way to connect with distant friends and family, officials were still not convinced. Thankfully, Hill was far f

33、rom alone in his passion for reform. He eventually earned enough support from other like-minded individuals to convince Parliament to _18_ his system.In 1839, Hill held a competition to design all the postal facility. The winning stamp _19_ describing the young queens profile came from one William W

34、yon, who based the design on a medal he created to celebrate his first visit to London.The“Penny Black”stamp went on sale on May 1, 1840. It was an immediate _20_ Suddenly, the country seemed a lot smaller. The penny blacks design was so well received that it remained in use for forty year.【答案】11. B

35、 12. F 13. J 14. C 15. G 16. K 17. A 18. E 19. I 20. H【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章记述了世界上第一张邮票的诞生及其历史背景。【11题详解】考查动词。句意：更重要的是，在各个地方发行的第一张邮票，带有维多利亚女王的头像。分析句子结构可知，主语是the first postage stamp，宾语是the image of Queen Victoria，缺少谓语动词，bear有“带有（标记、特征）”的意思，符合句意。故选B项。【12题详解】考查动词。句意：1860年，William Dockwra开始一项公共服务，保证信件在伦敦任何地方都能迅速

36、送达。分析句子结构可知，在定语从句中缺少谓语动词，结合先行词service要解释服务的内容，guarantee“保证，担保”更加符合文意。故选F项。【13题详解】考查动词。句意：他的系统迅速在全国普及，由他来全权掌管。从文段中对邮政系统发展历程的描述中不难猜测，这里要表达Dockwra的系统有了进一步的发展，也就是从伦敦发展到了全国范围。故填J项。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这还远非一个完美的系统，受限于看起来不太合理的价格，使得送一封信的价格贵得没道理。分析句意可知，后句提及的价格因素造成了当前系统的不完善，burden意为“加负担于，使负重担”，符合文意。故C项。【15题详解】考查

37、动词。句意：正如你可能想象的，这会出现一些问题有的人不在家或者比较直率都会拒绝付款。前文提到收信人还要付收信款，从而导致了下文的问题。present意为“使发生，出现”配合宾语some problems是最合适的。故选G项。【16题详解】考查固定短语。句意：邮政官方没有理睬Hill的想法，他就自己作出了尝试，并快速在人们中普及。分析句意可知，Hill的主意没有得到官方重视，他出版了自己的方案，也确实有很好的反响，gain ground意为“取得发展，普及”，符合文意。故选K项。【17题详解】考查名词。句意：两个人设想了一种有粘性的标签，可以贴在信封上代表邮资。结合上下文不难理解，这里就是对邮票

38、雏形的描述，即信封上的一个标签。故选A项。【18题详解】考查动词。句意：他最终从那些有类似想法的人那里获得了足够的支持，使议会同意了施行他的系统。这里叙述邮票系统发展的波折过程，最终议会被说服，下一步就应该使用这套系统了。implement意为“实施，实现”，符合文意。故选E项。【19题详解】考查名词。句意：胜出的邮票作品上绘有年轻女王的肖像，出自一位William Wyon之手。Hill为邮票形象安排了一次设计比赛，最后有一个作品胜出了，entry意为“参赛作品”，符合文意。故选I项。【20题详解】考查名词。句意：它马上就流通起来。联系上下文，邮票一经发行，整个国家似乎都变小了，意味着很多人

39、都用上了邮票寄信，hit有一个非正式含义“面市并产生影响”，符合文意。故选H项。III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The term “staycation” means vacations that you ta

40、ke at home or near your home rather than traveling to another place. It is is closely connected with less pollution, saving money and not contributing to the overwhelming disorder that takes place in some of the worlds most touristic areas.The concept of staycation was born at the time of the 2008 m

41、arket _21_ in the United States.Because of it, many households were forced to _22_ their expenses and consequently limit their vacation budget. The shortage of money to travel abroad is at the origin of why many people started to (re) discover their most _23_ surroundingsAt the same time awareness o

42、f the _24_ impacts of tourism, especially on what concerns the impacts of transportation, started to increase too. And so did the perception that some of the main cities (abroad) are increasingly overloaded with people- with places such as Barcelona, Venice, or the Seychelles planning on _25_ a tour

43、ist cap.Staycation appears like a great solution for the _26_ above mentioned. It is a great way of spending joyful vacations while helping ones _27_ and the environment. _28_, staying close to home eliminates the budget for accommodation and transport.Apart from the financial _29_ gained by leaving

44、 behind expensive plane tickets or by not booking hotel rooms that arent cheap, staycation also has the benefit of keeping harmful _30_ in the ground. Cars, boats, and planes are not (or are less) used; _31_, other means of transport such as public transport, bicycles, electric scooters or just walk

45、ing are favored.This allows peoples carbon footprints not to _32_ as much as they would if long distances had been traveled.A staycation is a form of alternative tourism that is fully in line with the slow tourism trend. Slow tourism invites you to live in the _33_ moment. It encourages you to take

46、your time, discover nearby landscapes, reconnect and spend more time outdoors in nature with the people you enjoy, There are no fully-booked days, and there is no _34_ to go from one activity to another just to stay busy all the time.Given the multiple _35_ of local tourism, you no longer have a rea

47、son to be embarrassed at the coffee machine at work when you are asked where you are going on vacation this year.21. A. valueB. sectorC. crisisD. shares22. A. restrictB. bearC. avoidD. meet23. A. cheerfulB. immediateC. pollutedD. attractive24. A. limitedB. financialC. culturalD. environmental25. A.

48、introducingB. stoppingC. postponingD. raising26. A. challengesB. assessmentC. tasksD. applications27. A. voyageB. mindC. pocketD. hometown28. A. In additionB. For exampleC. In factD. On the contrary29. A. servicesB. adviceC. resourcesD. savings30. A. emissionsB. exposureC. vehiclesD. strategies31. A

49、. thereforeB. insteadC. howeverD. moreover32. A. lastB. fallC. increaseD. change33. A. historicB. presentC. criticalD. climatic34. A. goodB. harmC. blameD. rush35. A. advantagesB. challengesC. platformsD. themes【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 3

50、5. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种居家度假的新型度假模式，讲述了其来历和优点所在。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：staycation的概念诞生于2008年美国市场危机之时。A. value价值；B. sector部门；C. crisis危机；D. shares股份。根据下文人们缩减支出的描述并联系时代背景，不难想到这里指的是2008年的金融危机。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，很多家庭都被迫限制支出，缩减假期的预算。A. restrict限制；B. bear忍受；C. avoid避免；D. meet满足。下文提到结果是限制假期预算，也就是缩减支出的意思

51、。故选A项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没钱去国外旅游成了许多人开始发现最近的旅游目的地的理由。A. cheerful愉快的；B. immediate立刻的，最接近的；C. polluted受污染的；D. attractive吸引人的。结合前文提出的staycation的含义不难推测，无法出外旅游的人们会把目光投向身边、近处。故选B项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，对于旅游业的环境影响的意识也增加了。A. limited有限的；B. financial金融的；C. cultural文化的；D. environmental环境的。下文尤指交通方面的影响，还提到了人

52、口对城市的影响，都可以归为环境因素，且与后文的environment对应。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：比如巴塞罗那、维纳斯或塞舌尔都计划引入了旅游业经费的最高限额。A. introducing引入，介绍；B. stopping阻止；C. postponing推迟；D. raising募集。本段从城市的旅游业政策上给出staycation的另一方面理由，大城市也选择在旅游业上减少支出，a tourist cap意为“旅游业经费的最高限额”，该政策是要引入的。故选A项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Staycation似乎是应对上述挑战的不错的解决方案。A. chall

53、enges挑战；B. assessment评估；C. tasks任务；D. applications应用。金融危机和其带来的种种结果对人们的生活来说无疑是个挑战。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是个好办法，让人享受美好假期的同时也善待了钱包和环境。A. voyage航行；B. mind思想；C. pocket口袋，钱财；D. hometown家乡。结合前文理解staycation的好处，就是能让人们省钱。故选C项。【28题详解】考查固定短语。句意：实际上，在家附近旅游避免了住宿和交通的消费。A. In addition此外；B. For example例如；C. In fac

54、t事实上；D. On the contrary相反。空白后句子的内容陈述的是事实，与前句基本是并列的关系。故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了用不看昂贵的机票和旅馆房间省下的钱以外，staycation还有一个好处：让有害的尾气排放变少。A. services服务；B. advice建议；C. resources资源；D. savings储蓄，存款。结合上文，financial savings在这里就指通过不出门旅游节省下的钱。故选D项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了用不看昂贵的机票和旅馆房间省下的钱以外，staycation还有一个好处：让有害的尾气排放变少。A.

55、 emissions排放；B. exposure暴露；C. vehicles车辆；D. strategies策略。与下一句“汽车、轮船、飞机都不（或少）被使用”对应可知，是指尾气排放变少。故选A项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：取而代之的是，其他的交通方式比如公共交通、自行车、电动车乃至步行更受人们欢迎。A. therefore因此；B. instead而不是，取而代之；C. however然而；D. moreover除此之外。前句说到汽车、船舶、飞机用得少了，后句则说绿色出行方式更受欢迎了，相当于后者取代了前者，用instead符合句意。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意

56、：这使得人们的碳足迹不会增长到出一趟远门带来的那么多。A. last持续；B. fall坠落；C. increase增加；D. change改变。分析句意可知，选择不出门旅游就可以减少碳排放，也就是碳足迹的不增加。故选C项。【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：慢旅游邀请你生活在此时此刻。A. historic历史的；B. present现在的；C. critical批评的，决定性的；D. climatic气候的。结合上下文对于慢旅游的解释，指的是慢下来，发现附近的景色，活在当下感受当下。故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有哪一天是日程满满的，也不用着急着从一个活动赶去另一个

57、活动，就为了一直保持忙碌。A. good好处；B. harm害处；C. blame责备；D. rush仓促。承接前文对慢旅游的解释，这里是建议读者把生活的节奏慢下来，享受一些闲暇时光，不用急着做事。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到当地旅游的多种优势。A. advantages优点；B. challenges挑战；C. platforms平台；D. themes主题。下文表示即使不出门旅游也不会感到尴尬了，正是因为文章罗列出的staycation的种种好处。故选A项。Section BDirections: Read the following three passages

58、. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Brooke Martins golden retriever(金毛猎犬) Kayla hated being left a

59、lone or separated. She would howl, pace, and chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets. She wondered: What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone?Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally, she inve

60、nted a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets! She calls the device iCPooch. The dog doesnt have to answer the call,explains Brooke. It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. Its a two-way audio and videoyou can see and hear each other.With a click of a button you can

61、 even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students. These finalists, selected based on their short video presentations, are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final

62、competition in St. Paul, Minn.After Martins video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge, she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson, a product development scientist in 3Ms consumer health care division. I just lead her down the product development pat

63、h,Langer-Anderson told Live Science. This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product, which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dogs end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate.One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if while th

64、e device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it over, or scratches the screen? Martin said. She and Langer-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalist

65、s create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method, testing their hypot

66、hesis, in a determined way, so the kids dont get buried in data.she said.36. Which of the following would be the best title of the text?A. “iCPooch” wins in a young scientist competition.B. A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dog hunger.C. A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.D. A

67、kid-invented device calm dogs separation anxiety.37. “iCPooch”calms pet dogs by _.A. allowing video chatB. making dogs sleepC. answering the callD. giving them food38. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “mentor”A. competitorB. assistantC. instructorD. companion39. What do the invent

68、ions of the finalists have in common?A. They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B. They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C. They cope with the problems related to computers.D. They are all accomplished through individual work.【答案】36. D 37. A 38. C 39. B【解析】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一种儿童发明的装置可

69、以缓解狗的分离焦虑。【36题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容分析可知，本文主要介绍了一种儿童发明的装置可以缓解狗的分离焦虑。故选D。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据文中she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets(她发明了一种设备，让宠物主人可以和他们的宠物视频聊天!)可知， iCPooch可以通过视频聊天让宠物狗安静下来。故选A。【38题详解】词义猜测题。根据下文After Martins video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discove

70、ry Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge, she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson, a product development scientist in 3Ms consumer health care division.可知，她与科学家一起搭档，从而猜测mentor为“导师”之意。故选C。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app

71、 that rewards drivers for not texting or calling.( 他们的项目包括将割下的草转化为电能的燃料电池，以及一款奖励司机不发短信或不打电话的应用程序。)可知，决赛选手的发明共同点是它们是日常问题的可能解决方案。故选B。(B)This is What a REAL Silver Dollar Looks LikeIf you trust in the yen, the euro, and the dollarstop reading.Because this is a story about the sliver coin EVERYBODY want

72、s.You read the headlines.You know that troubled economic times have put global currency on a rollercoaster(过山车) ride.But millions have found a smarter way to build longterm value with highgrade collectable silver.And right now, those people are lining up to secure some of the last 2012 US.Mint Silve

73、r Eagles, Americas Newest Silver Eagle Dollars. Today, you can graduate to the front of that line.Buy now and you can own these brilliant uncirculated Silver Dollars for only $38.95!You Cant Afford to LoseWhy are we releasing(发行) this silver dollar for such a remarkable price? Because we want to int

74、roduce you to what hundreds of thousands of smart collectors and satisfied customers have known since 1984New York Mint is the place to find the worlds finest highgrade coins.Thats why were offering you this Brilliant Uncirculated 2012 US.Silver Eagle for as little as $37.45(plus s/h)Timing is Every

75、thingOur advice? Keep this to yourself.Because the more people who know about this offer, the worse it is for you.Demand for Silver Eagles in 2011 broke records.Experts predict that 2012 Silver Eagles may break them all over again.Due to rapid changes in the price of silver, prices may be higher or

76、lower and are subject to(受影响) change without notice.Supplies are limited.Call immediately to add these Silver Eagles to your holdings before its too late.Offer Limited to 40 per household2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost 14 Coins $38.95 eachs/h59 Coins $38.45 eachs/h1019 Coins $37.95 eachs/h2

77、040 Coins $37.45 eachs/hNote：$10 s/h(shipping and handling) for each purchaseFor fastest service, call tollfree 24 hours a day18882017143Offer Code(代码) ASE17704Please mention this code when you call.New York Mint14101 Southcross Drive W， Dept.ASE17704Burnsville, Minnesota 55337www.NewYorkM40 What is

78、 stressed in the ad?A. The coin is of high quality and worth collecting.B. The coin can be circulated as a currency.C. Limited supplies guarantee a stable price of the coin.D. Demand for the coin is bound to break records.41. If you buy six 2012 US.Mint Silver Eagles by post, you should pay at least

79、 _.A. $230.7B. $233.7C. $240.7D. $243.742. The ad strongly encourages people to purchase the silver coins by _.A. shopping onlineB. making a phone callC. lining up in front of the storesD. writing to the company【答案】40. A 41. C 42. B【解析】这是一篇广告应用文。文章向读者推荐一种有收藏价值的银币。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“But millions

80、 have found a smarter way to build long-term value with high-grade collectable silver.”。可知，成千上万的人已经发现一种更加明智的做法，就是收藏高质量的有长效价值的银元。故选A。【41题详解】细节理解题。根据文中图片旁边的内容“59 Coins $38.45”和图片下面的Note：$10 s/h(shipping and handling) for each purchase。可知，你应该付费：6$38.45$10$240.7。故选C项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后部分方框上面的内容“For fas

81、test service，call toll-free 24 hours a day”。可知，最快捷的方式便是打电话。故选B项。(C)The dream of the flying car could come down to earth soon as several start-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are developing so-called “passenger drones(无人机)”self-flying drones big enough to ferry individual commuters around townwhich c

82、ould shrink commute(上下班往返) times from hours to minutes.At first glance, human-carrying drones sound no more realistic than flying cars. Until recently inventors had never been able to marry automobiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few companies have kept at it: Woburn, for example, has sin

83、ce 2006 been developing Transition, a “roadable aircraft” that resembles a small airplane that can fold its wings and drive on roads. A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a tough sell, however, as there are serious safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pi

84、lots license and take to the skies.Passenger drones, by contrast, would operate autonomously and leave the “roadable” part behind in favor of larger versions of aircraft that already exist. Passenger drone designs favor “distributed electric propulsion(推进),” meaning instead of one large rotor powere

85、d by a large engine they have multiple propellers each powered by its own, smaller motor. This sacrifices lifting power and flight performance in exchange for mechanical simplicity and lighter weightfactors that could make them cheaper to operate. Quieter electric power would make the noise tolerabl

86、e to city residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a vehicle could lift, and for how long.With any of these vehicles, safety is the biggest concern and extends to both the aircraft and the automated systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed to fly large nu

87、mbers of autonomous aircraft without crashing them into one another or, say, the local news channels traffic helicopter. Carrying people from points A to B seems simple enough, but even the best AI struggles with surprises: What, for example, would a drone do if a landing area suddenly became unavai

88、lable? asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Mellon University robotics researcher. Instead of leaping to fully automated passenger drones, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned cargo(货物)runs, and adopting a “mixed mode” approach in early passenger services where pilots are assisted by AI c

89、o-pilots.Technical challenges aside, start-ups promoting the technology will have to find a way to convince the public to give their drones a whirl, something that requires a much bigger leap of faith than getting into the backseat of a self-driving car. Passenger drone makers are “obviously still i

90、n the incubation(孵化) stages of technology development and improving the basics,” says Mike Hirschberg, executive director of the American Helicopter Society International. “But 20 or 30 years from now life may be a little like The Jetsons where you take advantage of the third dimension and have much

91、 more mobility, especially in urban close quarters where ground transportation is gridlocked.”The passenger drone progress may follow a sloping takeoff rather than vertical leap. Carnegie Mellons Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lots of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the pu

92、blics trust before the technology becomes a viable transportation option. “There is the danger of someone moving too fast and then having a problem that sets the industry back for some time,” he says.43. Personal flying cars have failed to gain popularity among households mainly because _.A. people

93、dont have the courage to take the cars to the air.B. people are unwilling to train for a pilots license.C. people worry that they may not be qualified to fly the cars safely.D. it is practically impossible to combine cars and aircraft together.44 Which of the following is NOT an advantage of passeng

94、er drones?A. It can lift more weight.B. It is lighter in weight.C. It makes less noise.D. It is simpler in mechanical design.45. What is Hirschbergs attitude towards passenger drones?A. disapprovingB. neutralC. skepticalD. cautiously optimistic46. We can learn from the passage that _.A. artificial i

95、ntelligence can easily tackle the problems occurring in air traffic.B. human pilots in autonomous aircraft will endanger the safety of passengers.C. the passenger drone industry will make major breakthroughs in the near future.D. the publics distrust may hinder the development of passenger drones.【答

96、案】43. C 44. A 45. D 46. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一种类似于“会飞的汽车”的新思路载人无人机，详细阐述了其面临的各种技术难题，指出这种技术的实现还要走很长的路。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a tough sell, however, as there are serious safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pilots license a

97、nd take to the skies.”可知，私人飞行汽车之所以无法普及，就是因为大众对于驾驶执照、安全问题方面的担忧。故选C项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段最后几句“This sacrifices lifting power and flight performance in exchange for mechanical simplicity and lighter weight make the noise tolerable to city residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a ve

98、hicle could lift, and for how long.”可知，重量更轻、噪音更小、构造更精简都是提到的无人机的优点，只有A选项“能负载更大的重量”没有提及。故选A项。【45题详解】推理判断题。综合文中引用的Hirschberg的两句话“obviously still in the incubation(孵化) stages of technology development and improving the basics”和“But 20 or 30 years from now life may be a little like where ground transport

99、ation is gridlocked.”可知，他承认载人无人机在技术方面还处在孵化阶段，但假以时日应该会让人们的生活有所改观，D选项“谨慎的乐观态度”符合文意。故选D项。【46题详解】推理判断题。从最后一段的描述“Carnegie Mellons Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lots of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the publics trust before the technology becomes a viable transportation optio

100、n.”可知，该技术要成为可行的交通方式，还有很长的路要走，要付出很多努力来赢取公众的信任，一旦有人步子迈太快甚至可能让发展进程倒退，D选项“公众的不信任可能阻碍行业的发展”，符合文意。故选D项。Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Boxi

101、ng is a popular sport that many people seem to be fascinated by . Newspapers , magazines and sports programmes on TV frequently cover boxing matches . Professional boxers earn a lot of money , and successful boxers are treated as big heroes.It seems to me that people , especially men ,find it appeal

102、ing because it is an aggressive sport . When they watch a boxing match , they can identify with the winning boxer , and this gives them the feeling of being a winner themselves . It is a fact that many people have feeling of aggression from time to time , but they cannot show their aggression in the

103、ir everyday lives . _47_However , there is a negative side to boxing . _48_ Although boxers wear gloves during the fights , and amateur boxers even have to wear helmets , there have frequently been accident in both professional and amateur boxing , sometimes with dramatic consequences . Boxers have

104、suffered from head injuries , and occasionally , fighters have even been killed as a result of being knocked out in the ring. _49_ Sometimes even if a boxer has never been knocked out, he might have suffered severe brain damage without knowing it._50_ I think it would be better if less time was give

105、n to aggressive sports on TV, and we welcomed more men and women from non-aggressive sports as our heroes and heroines in our society . I believe that the world is aggressive enough already ! Of course , people like competitive sports , and so do I , but I think that hitting other people in an aggre

106、ssive way is not something that should be regarded as a sport.A. Watching a boxing match gives them an outlet for this aggression .B. I am personally not at all in favor of aggressive sports like boxing .C. In my personal opinion, boxing can be so thrilling that many people dare not to have a try.D.

107、 Professional boxers are much more at risk than their amateur counterparts.E. Furthermore , studies have shown that there are often long-term effects of boxingF. It is likely to threaten personal safety of people.【答案】47. A 48. F 49. E 50. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。作者讲述了拳击运动的利弊所在，并表明这类运动因其暴力和侵略性的体现不应该过多占据大众视野

108、。【47题详解】前文提到人们大都有侵略的欲望，但日常生活中不能表现出来。A选项“观看拳击比赛给出了一个发泄的方法”承接上文，且回归到了拳击的主题上。故选A项。【48题详解】段落的主题是拳击也有负面的效果。空白后陈述的是各种拳击场上时有发生受伤事故。F选项“这有可能威胁人们的个人安全”承上启下，符合文意。故选F项。【49题详解】前文提到拳击手可能受伤甚至被击倒导致死亡，可以看作是当下产生的后果，而空白后指出的则是潜在的、长期的伤害，E选项“此外，研究表明拳击往往会造成一些长期影响”承上启下，符合文意。故选E项。【50题详解】最后一段表达的是作者对于拳击作为运动的不支持不赞成，也不应该为观众树立这

109、样侵略性的价值观。D选项“职业拳击手比起业余爱好者承担的风险大得多”符合段落主题。故选D项。【点睛】六选四题型主要考查考生对文章的整体理解和掌握情况，相当于阅读理解和完形填空的综合。它不仅需要阅读速度，还要对文章的结构、主旨、写作意图、观点都有所了解。主要考点包括：1.考查主题句，也就是考查对文章整体内容的概括能力；2考查上下文衔接，即考查文章的过渡部分；3考查中心句，需要考生学会归纳段落大意。拿到题目时，应该先确定出题位置；读题干，再读需要填入句子的上下句，画出关键词；读文章各段落，确定段落中心句和文章主题句；通读文章确定上下句和选项之间的逻辑关系。针对不同设空位置选择不同的策略就能事半功倍

110、。第2小题是上下文衔接的典型，其上句是段落主题句直言拳击不好的方面，下句点明赛场内外意外时有发生，根据对拳击运动的认识，容易想到这里所指的就是拳击运动对人身安全存在威胁，故确定正确答案。IV. Summary Writing51.Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Students who have us

111、ed electronic cigarettes by the time they start ninth grade are more likely than others to start smoking traditional cigarettes and other tobacco products within the next year, according to a new study funded by the National Institutes of Health. Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, deliver nicot

112、ine to the lungs by heating a liquid solution that contains nicotine and other chemicals to produce a spray that the user takes in.As part of a survey of substance use and mental health among high school students in Los Angeles, the study compared the start of tobacco use among 222 students who had

113、used e- cigarettes, but not any other tobacco products, and 2,308 who had neither used e-cigarettes or any other tobacco products when initially surveyed at the start of ninth grade. The 2,530 students who initially reported never using tobacco underwent follow-up assessments after six and 12 months

114、. Students were asked about lifetime and past six-month use of e-cigarettes or any other forms of tobacco products.During the first six months after being surveyed, 30.7 percent of those who had used e- cigarettes started using tobacco products, such as cigarettes, and cigars, compared to only 8.1 p

115、ercent of those who had never used e-cigarettes. Over the following six months leading into the start of 10th grade, 25.2 percent of e-cigarette users had used tobacco products, compared to just 9.3 percent of nonusers.“While teen tobacco use has fallen in recent years, this study confirms that we s

116、hould continue to closely watch teen smoking patterns,” said NIDA Director Nora D. Volkow, M.D. “Parents and teens should recognize that although e-cigarettes might not have the same harmful effects of regular cigarettes, they do carry a risk of addiction.”“Recreational e-cigarette use is becoming i

117、ncreasingly popular among teens who have never smoked tobacco,” said Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., the first author on the study. “While we cannot conclude that e-cigarette use directly leads to smoking, this research raises concerns that recent increases in youth e-cigarette use could ultimately lead t

118、o the spread of smoking- related illness.【答案】As indicated in a new study, early exposure to e-cigarettes may trigger tobacco smoking in teens.( 要点一) Comparison of tobacco use initiation between students with e-cigarettes experiences and those nonusers has been made, the result of which reveals a sig

119、nificant increase of smoking tendency in the former. (要点二、三) With the prevalence of e-cigarettes, its worth paying attention to teens smoking patterns and considering the detrimental effects possibly exerted by e-cigarettes. (要点四)【解析】【分析】阅读短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。【详解】阅读短文，可以将每个段落的大意梳理出来，然后依据篇章结构整理成内容概

120、要，注意控制好字数：第一段作为文章首段，首先引出了文章的主题：电子烟的使用可能导致青少年更早接触传统香烟和其他烟草产品。这在内容概要中是一定要点出来的。可以简写为：According to a new study,students who have used electronic cigarettes are more likely to start smoking traditional cigarettes.第二段和第三段罗列出了实验设计和两次实验数据，显示在两个对照组中，使用过电子烟的学生在半年内使用其他香烟产品的百分比远大于那些没有电子烟使用经历的学生，用来佐证首段中提出的结论。可以简

121、写为：The survey showed there is a significant increase of smoking tendency among students who has e-cigarettes experiences compared with those nonusers.第四段和第五段都是引用权威人士的话，提醒青少年和他们的父母认清电子烟带来的潜在风险，提醒人们提高对于这一现象的重视。可以简写为：People should pay attention to teens smoking patterns and considering the detrimental

122、effects possibly exerted by e-cigarettes.V. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.52. 在线课程是否能满足不同层次学生的需求，尚不明朗。(it)53. 在抗击病毒的斗争中，中国会给予受到感染的国家尽可能多的帮助。（offer）54. 极目远眺，山外有山，令人赞叹不已。(view)55. 从长远角度看，各国间需要加强沟通，完善全球医疗体系，防止类似疫情爆发，避免卫生危机演变

123、为全球经济危机。(stop)【答案】52. It is not clearly/remains unknown/ remains to be seen whether on-line classes can meet the demands of students of different levels. 53. China will offer as much assistance as possible to the countries infected (with the disease) in the battle against virus. 54. If you look arou

124、nd in the distance, you will enjoy the fantastic view of mountains beyond mountains, with sincere/great/deep admiration . 55. From a long-term perspective, all the countries should strengthen communication(between each other), improve the global medical/healthcare system, and prevent the outbreak of

125、 similar epidemic, stopping the heath crisis from turning into a global economy crisis.【解析】【分析】翻译句子，要使用括号内所给单词。【52题详解】考查形式主语。分析句子可知，整个前句的内容要作为主语，与“尚不明朗”搭配构成主系表结构，可以用whether或if引导的主语从句。而为了使句子不显得冗长累赘，可以使用形式主语it。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：It is not clearly/remains unknown/ remains to be seen whether on-line classes

126、 can meet the demands of students of different levels。【53题详解】考查动词用法。分析句子可知，前句可以作为状语，后句作为主句，主语是“中国”，谓语动词是“提供”，宾语采用双宾语结构，使用offer sth. to sb.“给某人提供某物”。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：China will offer as much assistance as possible to the countries infected (with the disease) in the battle against virus。【54题详解】考查名词用法。分析

127、句子可知，“极目远眺，山外有山”这一句可以依照其内在的逻辑关系，整理为“先极目远眺，后山外有山”，符合条件状语从句的情况。view作为名词，意为“视野，风景”。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：If you look around in the distance, you will enjoy the fantastic view of mountains beyond mountains, with sincere/great/deep admiration。【55题详解】考查动词用法。分析句子可知，“从长远角度看”作状语，其余四句都可以写作“各国”作主语的主谓宾长句，“避免、阻止某人做某事”可

128、以用stop sb. from doing sth.，且在句中作结果状语，所以用现在分词。再根据其它汉语提示。故翻译为：From a long-term perspective, all the countries should strengthen communication(between each other), improve the global medical/healthcare system, and prevent the outbreak of similar epidemic, stopping the heath crisis from turning into a g

129、lobal economy crisis。【点睛】在翻译题型中，汉译英的难度普遍要高于英译汉，因为汉语句子往往没有严格按照考生习惯的主谓宾等各类成分的形式呈现出来，而要翻译为英语句子，又必须先整理出对应的成分，梳理好句型句式，再做翻译。不仅要求考生基础知识掌握扎实，对于各类句型句式也必须非常熟悉，才能将句子翻译得自然而不显生硬。第3小题是一个典型的例子，文言文的翻译就要求考生首先清楚其现代汉语含义再整理转化，极目远眺意为“尽眼力之所及眺望远方”，山外有山字面意为“山外面的山风景更好”，整理的过程中就需要补充主语，显然是一个人在眺望时才有这样的体验，可以用you或者one，另外句型上应当根据动作

130、的先后关系确定条件状语从句的用法，这样就可以将两句话的意思较为准确地翻译出来了。VI. Guided Writing56.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.假设你是高三某班班长李华，7 月即将毕业，你正计划高考后在班级里开展一项离校公益活动-“绿色离校（Be a Green school-leaver）”旧书回收项目。请写一封倡议信给你们班级同学，信中必须包括：该活动的目的和意义；该活动的具体计划。_【答案】

131、One possible version：Dear classmates,As we all know, our life of high school is coming to an end. Feeling reluctant to part with you, I am planning to do something unforgettable and meaningful. As far as Im concerned, every class of graduates leaves many used books when graduating from school, and s

132、ome students even destroy them. Its totally a waste of resources and may result in environmental pollution. Therefore Im considering an activity called “Be a Green school-leaver”, which requires participants to collect and hand in used books firstly. After collecting these books, we will organize an

133、d sort them, which will finally be donated to those who are in need in rural poverty areas. As the monitor, I sincerely ask for your participating.Dont you want to create some memories while helping others and this world? Lets do this together!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封信，倡议同学们参与离校公益活动。【

134、详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 阐述倡议主题 2. 介绍活动相关： 1）活动目的和意义 2）活动具体计划第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）graduate；environment-friendly；college entrance exam；approach；activity；used books；public benefit；plan on第三步：连词成句1. The end of our final term in high school is approa

135、ching.2. I am planning on a public benefit activity.3. The activity is called Be a Green school-leaver.4. The aim is to recycle those used books and donate them.5. In this way we can help those who needs books and make our school life more meaningful.6. Sincerely hope you can join me.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词

136、造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not onlybut (also), including,3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spit

137、e of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：Therefore Im considering an activity called “Be a Green school-leaver”, which requires participants to collect and hand in used books firstly这句话运用了非限制性定语从句；使用了一些固定词组，如come to an end，result in，as far as Im concerned等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。