1、英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言之一，那么它是怎样成为世界性语言的呢？让我们一起来看看下文吧！English is a language spoken all around the world.There are more than 42 countries where most people speak English.In total(总计),for more than 375 million people,English is their mother tongue.An equal(相同的)number of people learn English as a second languag
2、e.These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family,but the language of the government,schools,newspapers and TV is English.This situation is found in countries such as India，Pakistan,Nigeria and the Philippines.However,the number of people who learn English
3、 as a foreign language is more than 750 million.In China students learn English at school as a foreign language,except for those in Hong Kong,where many people speak English as a first or a second language.English is the working language of most international organizations,international trade(贸易)and
4、 tourism.Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.Chinese businessmen,taxi drivers and students talk with them using English.English is also the language of global(全球的)culture,such as popular music and the Internet.You can listen to English songs on the radio
5、or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet.短文注释：1more than 超过，多于2mother tongue 母语3the number of 的数量4except for 除了5Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese.很多来中国的生意人和游客都不会说英语。重点单词写作词汇1._ adj.官方的2_ n.航行，航海3_ adj.本国的；本地的n.本地人；
6、本国人4_ n.(美)公寓住宅；单元住宅5_ n.词汇；词汇量；词表6_ n.拼写；拼法officialvoyagenativeapartmentvocabularyspelling“旅行”名词家族voyage 航行；航海tour (观光)旅行travel 旅行journey (长途)旅行trip (短途)旅行；外出outing 远足拓展词汇1._ vt.以为根据；n.基部；基地；基础basic adj.基本的；基础的2_ adj.逐渐的；逐步的gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地3_ vt.使富裕；充实；改善rich adj.富有的4_ adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的late
7、st adj.最近的；最新的later adj.后期的lately adv.近来；最近late adj.迟的；晚的5_ adj.流利的；流畅的fluently adv.流利地；流畅地fluency n流利；流畅6_ adj.频繁的；常见的frequently adv.常常；频繁地basegradualenrichlatterfluentfrequent阅读词汇1.subway n_2elevator n._3petrol n._4gas n._5identity n._地铁电梯；升降机汽油汽油本身；本体；身份en-前缀和-en后缀改变词性richv.enrich 使富裕ablev.enable
8、 使能够largev.enlarge 使扩大surev.ensure 确保；担保shortv.shorten 缩短；使变短重点短语1._ 因为；由于2_走近；上来；提出3_现在；目前4_利用；使用5_例如；像这种的6_以为基础7_交际，交流8_许多because ofcome upat presentmake use ofsuch asbe based oncommunicate witha number of“因为；由于”荟萃because of 因为；由于thanks to 多亏；由于owing to 由于as a result of.因为的结果重点句型1.why not do.提建议句式
9、_何不乘地铁呢？2even if/though引导让步状语从句Native English speakers can understand each other _ _.以英语为母语的人可以理解彼此，即使他们不说同一种英语。Why not go by underground?even if they dont speak the same kind of English3more.than.与其不如He is _.与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。4the number of.作主语Today _ learning English is increasing rapidly.当今社会，学英语的人的数
10、量在快速地增加。more lucky than cleverthe number of people“maken.prep.”短语荟萃make use of 使用；利用make the most/best of 充分利用make way for 为让路make a fool of 愚弄；欺骗Step One：Warming up1How much do you know about English?(1)_ _.(2)_.(3)_ _.(4)_.It is the official language of many countries,such as America,the UK,Canada
11、 and so onIt has a long historyThere are mainly two kinds of English:American English and British EnglishMany Chinese are learning English2Do you know that there is more than one kind of English in the world?Step Two：Fast readingSkim the text and choose the best answers.1Whats the main idea of the t
12、ext?AHow to learn English well?BThe history of the English language.CThe differences between old English and modern English.DEnglish is widely used all over the world.答案：B2Match the main idea of each paragraph.(1)Paragraph 1 Athe example of the difference between different native English speakers(2)
13、Paragraph 24 Bwide use of English(3)Paragraph 5 CEnglish is a language spoken all around the world(4)Paragraph 6 Dwhy English has changed over time(5)Paragraph 7 EEnglish was settled答案：BADECStep Three：Careful readingRead the text and then choose the best answer according to the text.1At the end of 1
14、6th century,about _ people spoke English.Afive to six million Bfive to seven millionCsix to seven million Dseven to eight million答案：B2If people speak different kinds of English,they _.Acant communicate with each otherBcan only be understood by those who speak the same kind of EnglishCcant be underst
15、ood by foreignersDcan understand each other答案：D3Why do more people speak English?ABecause it is an international language.BBecause it has the largest number of speakers.CBecause it is easy to learn.DBecause it always stays the same.答案：A4Which country may have the largest number of English learners i
16、n the world?AAustralia.BChina.CIndia.DBritain.答案：BStep Four：Explain difficult sentences1Later in the next century,people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that,English began to be spoken in many other countries.句式分析本句为and连接的并列句。在第一个分句中，Later in the next cen
17、tury为时间状语，动词不定式短语to conquer other parts of the world 为目的状语；在第二个分句中介宾短语because of that为原因状语。尝试翻译后来，在17世纪，英国人开始出海远航以征服世界其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语。2At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today.句式分析尝试翻译起初，大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间，英国人所说的英语与人们现
18、在所说的英语有很大的不同。3Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150,English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.句式分析尝试翻译然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到1150年之间，英语就不那么像德语了，因为那些统治英国的人开始讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。ReadingTHE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISHAt the end of the 16th century,about fiv
19、e to seven million people spoke English.Nearly all of them lived in England.Later in the next century,people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world【1】and because of that,English began to be spoken in many other countries.Today，more people speak English as their first,second or
20、 a foreign language than ever before.【1】动词不定式短语to conquer other parts of the world为目的状语。Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English【2】.Look at this example：【2】even if在此引导让步状语从句。British Betty：Would you like to see my flat？American Amy：Yes.Id like
21、 to come up to your apartment.So why has English changed over time？Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other【3】.At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150【4】was very different from the English spoken today.It was based more
22、 on German than the English we speak at present【5】.Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150,English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French.【6】These new settlersenriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.So by the 1600s Shakesp
23、eare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.In 1620 some British settlers moved to America.Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too.English began to be spoken in both countries.【3】when引导时间状语从句，从句中and连接两个并列的谓语动词meet和communicate。【4】过去分词短语spoken.and
24、 1150作后置定语，修饰the English。【5】we speak at present为省略了关系词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the English，关系词在从句中作宾语，故可省略。【6】because引导原因状语从句，从句中who ruled England为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。Finally by the 19th century the language was settled.At that time two big changes in English spelling21 happened:first Samuel Johnson w
25、rote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The AmericanDictionary of the English Language.The latter22 gave a separate23identity24 to American English spelling.English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia.For example,India has a very large number of fluent25English
26、speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947.During that time English became the language for government and education.English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as26 South Africa.Today the number of27 people learning English in China【7】is increasing rapi
27、dly.In fact,China may have the largest number of English learners.Will Chinese English develop its own identity?Only time will tell.【7】现在分词短语learning English in China作后置定语，修饰people，该短语可转换为定语从句who are learning English in China。通向现代英语之路16世纪末，大约有500万到700万人说英语。他们几乎都生活在英国。后来，在17世纪，英国人开始出海远航以征服世界其他地区；于是，许
28、多其他国家开始说英语。如今说英语的人比以往任何时候都多了，他们有的是作为第一语言来说，有的是作为第二语言或外语。以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。请看这个例子：英国人贝蒂：你要去看看我的公寓吗？美国人艾米：好的，我很乐意到你的公寓去。那么，随着时间的推移，英语为什么会变化呢？事实上，当不同文化互相交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所变化、有所发展的。起初，大约在公元450年到公元1150年之间，英国人所说的英语与他们现在所说的英语有很大的不同。当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。然后，渐渐地，大约在公元800年到公元1150年之间，英语就不那么像德
29、语了，因为那些统治英国的人起初讲丹麦语，后来又讲法语。这些新的移民丰富了英语这门语言，尤其是英语词汇。所以到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。1620年，一些英国移民到了美洲。后来在18世纪，也有一些英国人被带到了澳大利亚。(于是)这两个国家的人开始说英语。最后到19世纪，这种语言定型了。那时，英语在拼写上发生了两大变化：首先塞缪尔约翰逊编写了词典，后来，诺厄韦伯斯特编纂了美国英语词典。后者体现了美国英语拼写的不同特色。如今英语在南亚也被当作外语或第二语言来使用。例如，印度拥有众多讲英语很流利的人，因为英国在1765年到1947年间统治着印度。在那期间，英语成了政府使用的语言和
30、教育用语。在新加坡、马来西亚和非洲的一些国家(如南非)，人们也说英语。如今，在中国，学英语的人的数量在迅速增多。事实上，中国或许是世界上英语学习者最多的国家。中国式英语会形成自己的特征吗？这个问题只能由时间来回答了。词语积累at the end of在结束时；在尽头voyage/vd/n.航行；航海conquer/kk/vt.征服；占领because of因为；由于native/netv/adj.本国的；本地的 n.本地人；本国人flat/flt/n.(英)公寓，单元房come up走近；上来；提出apartment/ptmnt/n.(美)公寓住宅；单元住宅over time随着时间的推移ac
31、tually/ktl/adv.实际上；事实上at first起先，起初base/bes/vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础at present现在；目前gradually/rdl/adv.逐渐地；逐步地gradual/rdl/adj.逐渐的；逐步的rule vt.统治 n规则settler/setl(r)/n.移民enrich/nrt/vt.充实；使富裕；改善vocabulary/vkbjlr/n.词汇；词汇量；词表make use of利用；使用settle v.确定；解决；定居21spelling/spel/n.拼写；拼法22latter/lt/adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的th
32、e former.the latter.前者后者23separate/seprt/adj.不同的，单独的24identity/adentt/n.本身；本体；身份identity card身份证25fluent/flunt/adj.流利的；流畅的be fluent in在方面流利fluently/fluntl/adv.流利地；流畅地26such as例如；像这种的27the number of.的数量/数目核心素养链接文化采风对美国人来说，让单词拼写变得简单的是一位叫诺厄韦伯斯特的人，他因其所著的美国英语词典而为人所知。该词典于1828年首次出版。它引进了许多新的美式英语单词，并且带有它们的发音、用法和新的拼法。英国人批评这本词典，但它很快成了美国的标准参考书。今天，韦伯斯特的词典仍是美国学生的首选词典。
