1、第 三 板 块完 形 填 空第三部分体裁应对策略第二讲夹叙夹议文高考总复习大二轮 山东版 英语 夹叙夹议文是近年来高考完形填空常见的一种体裁,这类体裁的文章一般具有哲理性,往往可以从一件看似平淡的小事中领悟出深刻的人生哲理,因此耐人寻味,可读性较强。在语言方面,这类体裁的文章既有记叙文的特点,同时又具有议论文的特点。在结构上,该文体采用“先叙后议”、“先议后叙”或“叙议交替”的写作模式,旨在在记叙的基础上,通过议论的手段,说明作者的态度、观点、思想和目的。1分析结构,抓住作者观点。在做题时大家要借助文章结构,认真体会记叙和议论的关系,抓住作者的观点,明确文章的组织方式。看文章属于上述哪种结构,
2、从而明白作者的思路。2重视首句,把握文章主题。首句往往是文章的关键句、引题句或主题句。通过首句可以初步判断文章的写作中心,为全面理解文章打开一扇“窗户”。3敘议兼顾,理解议论内涵。夹叙夹议中叙与议是一个有机的整体,叙是议的基础,而议是叙的升华。在读这类文章时,掌握议论部分的内容是关键,因为叙述是为作者的议论而服务的。所以只有把故事和哲理联系起来,再结合人物心理和行为的描述,全面把握文章才能正确解题。4抓住转换,理清逻辑关系。抓住记叙与议论的转换,及时调整思维方式,理清上下文之间的逻辑关系,在充分把握语境的基础上,辨析词语,进一步把握作者的观点、态度,找到正确答案。文本示例 (2018天津卷)N
3、o one is born a winner.People make themselves into winners by their own_16_.I learned this lesson from a(n)_17_many years ago.I took the head_18_job at a school in Baxley,Georgia.It was a small school with a weak football program.It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the_19_tea
4、m at the end of spring practice.The old team had no coach,and they didnt even practice to_20_the game.Being the coach of the new team,I was excited because I knew we were going to win,but to my disappointment we were defeated.I couldnt_21_I had got into such a situation.Thinking hard about it,I came
5、 to_22_that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia,but they were_23_me.I had to change my_24_about their ability and potential.I started doing anything I could to help them build a little_25_.Most important,I began to treat them like_26_.That summer,when the other teams enjoyed their_27
6、_,we met every day and _28_passing and kicking the football.Six months after suffering our _29_on the spring practice field,we won our first game and our second,and continued to _30_.Finally,we faced the number one team in the state.I felt that it would be a _31_for us even if we lost the game.But t
7、hat wasnt what happened.My boys beat the best team in Georgia,giving me one of the greatest_32_of my life!From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can_33_the members of a team.Instead of seeing my boys as losers,I pushed and _34_them.I helped them to see themselves_35
8、_,and they built themselves into winners.Winners are made,not born.16.A.luck BtestsC.efforts Dnature17.A.experiment BexperienceC.visit Dshow18.A.operating BeditingC.consulting Dcoaching19.A.successful BexcellentC.strong Dnew20.A.cheer for Bprepare forC.help with Dfinish with21.A.believe BagreeC.desc
9、ribe Dregret22.A.realize BclaimC.permit Ddemand23.A.reacting to Blooking forC.depending on Dcaring about24.A.decision BattitudeC.conclusion Dintention25.A.pride BcultureC.fortune Drelationship26.A.leaders BpartnersC.winners Dlearners27.A.rewards BvacationsC.health Dhonor28.A.risked BmissedC.consider
10、ed Dpracticed29.A.defeat BdeclineC.accident Dmistake30.A.relax BimproveC.expand Ddefend31.A.shame BburdenC.victory Dfavor32.A.chances BthrillsC.concerns Doffers33.A.surprise BserveC.interest Daffect34.A.encouraged BobservedC.protected Dimpressed35.A.honestly BindividuallyC.calmly Ddifferently考场思维第一步
11、 通全文 抓主题 理逻辑这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。作者执教的校足球队输掉了比赛,但是作者没有气馁,而是给球员勇气和信心,终于球队获得了令人骄傲的成绩。作者也由此意识到,胜利者不是天生的,他们是靠自己的努力来获得成功的。段意梳理第一段:点明主题,即人们靠自己的努力才能成为胜利者。第二段:作者的以上结论源于他多年前执教一所小学校的足球队的经历。第三段:春季训练比赛中,在对手没有教练、没有备战的情况下,作者的球队却输了。第四段:作者尽一切努力让球员有信心和自尊心,并加紧训练。第五段:半年后作者的球队迎来第一场胜利,从此所向披靡,打败了全州最好的足球队。第六段:作者的感悟,即领导者的态度对队员的影响很大
12、。第七段:回归主题,即胜利者是后天努力造就的。第二步 品语境 析选项 定答案语境取词 上文顺承16.联系上句 No one is born a winner.(没有人天生是胜利者)知,人们成为胜利者靠的是自己的努力(efforts)。故选 C。21.上文提到 I was excited because I knew we were going to win(我很兴奋,因为我知道我们将会赢),但最后“我们”队输了比赛,这个结果是作者不能接受的,因此他不相信(believe)。故选 A。22.联系空前的 Thinking hard about it(仔细考虑)知,此处意为“我逐渐意识到(reali
13、ze)”。故选 A。25.联系空前的 I started doing anything I could to help them build a little(我开始做力所能及的一切来帮助他们建立一些)知,空格处应是一个褒义词,自豪感符合文意。故选 A。26.联系上文的 winners(胜利者)和倒数第二段中的 losers(失败者)知,“我”开始把他们当胜利者(winner)对待。故选 C。30.联系空前的 won our first game and our second(赢了我们第一场比赛、我们第二场比赛)知,“我们”继续提高(improve)。故选 B。32.联系空前的 My boys
14、 beat the best team(我的队员打败了最好的队)知,这是“我”生命中最令人激动的事(thrill)之一。故选 B。33.联系上文“我的队员踢得很好,打败了最好的队”知,“我”态度的改变影响了(affect)队员。故选 D。34.联系空前的 pushed(催促)知,空格处是指“鼓励(encourage)他们”。故选 A。35.联系上句中的 instead of seeing my boys as losers 以及上文的 treat them like winners 知,此处是指“我帮他们用不同的方式(differently)看待自己”。故选 D。语境领悟 下文关键17.联系倒
15、数第二段中的 from the experience 知,从很多年前的一次经历(experience)中“我”明白了这个道理。故选 B。18.联系下一段中的 Being the coach of the new team(作为新队的教练)知,“我”承担训练(coach)任务。故选 D。24.联系下段中“我”改变自己的做法以及倒数第二段中提到的 the attitude(态度)知,空格处是指“我”改变了对他们的态度(attitude)。故选 B。27.联系空后的 we met every day(我们天天见面)和 passing and kicking the football(传球和踢球)知,
16、其他的队在享受假期(vacation)时“我们”在训练。故选 B。28.联系空后的 passing and kicking the football(传球和踢球)知,是在训练(practice)。故选 D。31.联系空后的 even if we lost the game(即使我们输了比赛)知,空格处指“与强队对决本身就是一个胜利(victory)”。故选 C。篇章逻辑 上下呼应19.联系空前的 old team 和下文的 Being the coach of the new team 知,这是老队与新(new)队之间的比赛。故选 D。29.联系上文的 we were defeated(我们被
17、打败了)以及空后的 on the spring practice field(在春季的训练场上)知,是承受了在春季训练场上的失败(defeat)。故选 A。语境领悟 固定搭配20.由空前提到的 practice(训练)知,训练是为比赛做准备(prepare for)的。故选 B。23.联系空前的 my team might not be the number one team(我的队可能不是最好的)和 but(表转折)知,他们依靠(depend on)“我”。故选 C。第三步 再回看 细分辨 核答案将答案带入原文中再次对文章进行主旨、逻辑和语境方面的审核。如有个别题目答案尚不把握,换个角度再次
18、揣摩并仔细分辨选项。对于已经明确答案的题目,再次核对,避免低级失误。(2020湖南衡阳联考)When the host announced that my choir(合唱队)won the second place of the World Choir Game,I couldnt believe what I heard.All the _1_ that we made earn their meaning.Through this unforgotten experience,I _2_ much.In the semi-finals,we were supposed to sing f
19、our songs.When we played the third song,I suddenly heard an unexpected _3_ a girl in the alto(女低音)got quick.The other students in the alto were _4_by the girl and were getting quicker and quicker.Our choirs leader,Mrs Li noticed it and _5_ used her hand to keep time,but she _6_.After the song,the sm
20、ile on Mrs Lis face _7_ and some of our members turned and tried to find the person who first got _8_.My mind was blank,but quickly I _9_ the only thing we could do was to _10_ the performance.Then with a smile,Mrs Li became a _11_ again,who seemed to have totally forgot what we had done.We sang the
21、 _12_ song as usual.After the competition,I was _13_.Just because of one persons _14_,the whole choir must _15_ the fact that we might lose the game.I cried,but then I found nothing would change no matter how hard we _16_ the girl who played poorly._17_,I came to her,encouraged her,and practiced the
22、 whole melody with her.In the finals,we got the medal because of our _18_ performance.Never blame a person when she makes a mistake,but help her to solve the problem when you are struggling _19_ the same goal.No matter what you will experience with others in the future,successes or failures,_20_ or
23、tears,these will surely become your precious treasure and memory.语篇解读 文章作者通过他们的合唱队在一次比赛时意外失败,自己没有去责怪那个犯错的人而是和她一起练习,最后取得成功的故事,告诉我们:当我们为了同一个目标奋斗时,不要因为某个人犯了错就去责备她,而是要去帮助她解决问题。1A.promises BeffortsCrequirements Ddifferences解析:B 句意为:我们所做的一切努力都有了意义。promise承诺,诺言;effort 努力;requirement 要求;difference 不同。故选 B。2
24、A.considered BforgotClearned Dexplained解析:C 句意为:通过这个难忘的经历,我学到了很多。consider 考虑;forget 忘记;learn 学习;explain 解释。故选 C。3A.name BshoutCvoice Dsong解析:C 句意为:当我们唱第三首歌时,我突然听到一个意想不到的声音。name 名字;shout 呼喊;voice 嗓音;song 歌曲。故选C。4A.driven away Bled awayCgiven out Dturned down解析:B 句意为:其他唱女低音的学生被那个女孩带错了,而且速度越来越快。drive a
25、way 赶走;lead away 引走;give out 分发,发出;turn down 减小,关小。故选 B。5A.similarly BeasilyChappily Dimmediately解析:D 句意为:李老师注意到了,马上用她的手来打拍子,但她失败了。similarly 类似地;easily 容易地;happily 快乐地;immediately 立刻,马上。故选 D。6A.failed BsucceededCarrived Dagreed解析:A 句意参见上题解析。fail 失败;succeed 成功;arrive到达;agree 同意。故选 A。7A.froze BmeltedC
26、appeared Dignored解析:A 句意为:李老师脸上的笑容凝固了。freeze 冻结,凝固;melt 融化,溶解;appear 出现,发表;ignore 忽略,不顾。故选A。8A.busy BwrongCwarm Dslow解析:B 此处指“我们”中的一些人转过身,试图找到第一个出错的人。busy 忙碌的;wrong 错误的;warm 温暖的;slow 缓慢的。故选 B。9A.missed BheardCsaw Drealized解析:D 句意为:我的大脑一片空白,但很快我意识到我们唯一能做的就是完成表演。miss 错过;hear 听到;see 看到;realize意识到。故选 D。
27、10A.quit BstopCcomplete Dend解析:C 句意见上题解析。quit 离开;stop 停止;complete 完成;end 结束。故选 C。11A.conductor BsingerCdancer Dworker解析:A 句意为:接着,李老师微笑着又当起了一名指挥。conductor 指挥;singer 歌手;dancer 舞蹈家;worker 工人。故选 A。12A.late BonlyCfirst Dlast解析:D 由语境知,半决赛要唱四首歌,作者她们已经唱了三首了,故可知此处指最后一首歌。句意为:我们像往常一样唱最后一首歌。late 晚的,最近的;only 唯一的
28、;first 第一的;last 最后的。故选 D。13A.excited BdisappointedCinterested Dsatisfied解析:B 由下文“I cried”可知,此处指作者很失望。excited 兴奋的;disappointed 失望的;interested 感兴趣的;satisfied 感到满意的。故选 B。14A.fault BsuccessCplan Dopinion解析:A 句意为:仅仅因为一个人的过失,整个合唱团必须承担输掉这场比赛的事实。fault 过失;success 成功;plan 计划;opinion意见,主张。故选 A。15A.deny BofferC
29、refuse Dafford解析:D 句意见上题解析。deny 否定,拒绝;offer 提供;refuse拒绝;afford 承担。故选 D。16A.blamed BencouragedCcalled Dasked解析:A 句意为:但是后来我发现无论我们怎么责怪那个唱得不好的女孩,什么都不会改变。blame 责怪;encourage 鼓励;call打电话;ask 问。故选 A。17A.Otherwise BThereforeCHowever DBesides解析:B 句意为:因此,我走近她,鼓励她,和她练习整个旋律。otherwise 否则;therefore 因此;however 然而;be
30、sides 此外。故选 B。18A.bad BcommonCperfect Drude解析:C 句意为:在决赛中,因为我们表现完美,我们获得了奖牌。bad 坏的;common 共同的;perfect 完美的;rude 粗鲁的。故选 C。19A.up BoutCtoward Din解析:C 句意为:当你们在为同一个目标奋斗时,不要因为某个人犯了错而去责备她,而是要帮助她解决问题。up 在之上;out 在外;toward 为了,接近;in 在里边。故选 C。20A.mistake BsurpriseCsadness Dlaughter解析:D 句意为:无论你将来和别人一起经历什么,成功或失败,欢笑或泪水,这些都将成为你宝贵的财富和记忆。mistake 错误;surprise 惊奇;sadness 悲哀;laughter 笑,笑声。