1、1scare v使(某人)惊恐，吓唬scared adj.害怕的，恐惧的scary adj.可怕的，吓人的2dive v(通常指使用呼吸设备的)潜水diver n潜水员diving n潜水3fortune n运气；命运；财富fortunate adj.幸运的fortunately adv.幸运地4extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的extinction n灭绝，绝种target v把作为目标n目标；对象；靶子Few players managed to get their shots on the target.靶子The company has targeted adults as its
2、 primary customers.把作为目标We were still right on target for our deadline.目标Words and Phrasesscare v使(某人)惊恐，吓唬n恐慌，惊吓(教材P62)People have always been scared of sharks，but Jaws made things worse.虽然人们一直都害怕鲨鱼，但大白鲨让事态变得更为严重。例1The drought is really serious，but it cant scare us.旱情确实很严重，但它吓不倒我们。例2Dont you realiz
3、e what a scare youve given us all? 你难道没意识到你把我们大家都吓得不轻吗？造句对不起，我并不是要吓唬你们。Im sorry，but I didnt mean to scare you. 知识拓展(1)scareaway/off把吓跑scareto death 把吓得要死scare sb.into doing sth. 威胁/恐吓某人做某事scare sb.out of ones mind/skin 把某人吓得魂不附体(2)scared adj. 害怕的，恐惧的be scared of 害怕(3)scary adj. 可怕的，吓人的即学即练单句语法填空The
4、high price scared away/off many possible buyers.News of the robbery scared many people into fitting new locks to their doors. Its scary(scare) to think how easily children can be hurt.小片段助记The scary scene scared the boy.He felt scared but he tried to hide his scare.due to 因为，由于；应归于；应支付(教材P62)This wa
5、s not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning.这不仅是因为人们对鲨鱼的恐惧，还因为割鳍。例1Most of the problems were due to human error.多数问题都是人为错误造成的。例2That money is due to me，but I havent got it yet.那笔钱是应付给我的，而我至今还未拿到。造句这项工程由于缺乏资金而不得不放弃。The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of money. 知识拓展be due to do sth.预期做
6、某事，预定要做某事即学即练单句语法填空The restaurants success was largely due to its new manager.The bus was due to arrive(arrive) at 5 pm.，but it arrived one hour late due to the heavy fog.cut off 切掉，砍掉；切断，中断(供给)；使隔绝(教材P62)Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.割鳍是一种捕鱼方式，在这种捕鱼方式中，
7、鲨鱼被捕获后，它们的鳍被割掉。例1He had hardly turned on the TV when the power was cut off.他刚要打开电视就停电了。例2The village was cut off from the outside world by heavy snow for a month.由于大雪，这个村子与外界隔离了一个月。造句他在工作时被机器切掉了一个手指。He had a finger cut off by a machine while working. 知识拓展cut down砍倒；减少，缩减cut in 插话；插进；让某人分享利润cut out 裁
8、剪；删除cut up 切碎；剁碎cut through 开通(隧道)即学即练单句语法填空My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut downIt is impolite for children to cut in when adults are talking.Lets cut up the chicken and make some soup.fortunately adv.幸运地(教材P63)Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws becam
9、e afraid of sharkssome became interested in understanding them.幸运的是，并不是所有看过电影大白鲨的人都害怕鲨鱼有些人对了解鲨鱼很感兴趣。例1I got to the station late，but fortunately the train was still there.我到车站时已经晚了，但是幸运的是火车还没有开。例2Fortunately，she promised me another chance to interview.幸运的是，她答应给我一个重新面试的机会。造句幸运的是，他在最后一刻赶上了最后一班车。Fortuna
10、tely，he caught the last bus at the last moment. 知识拓展(1)fortunately for sb.某人幸运的是(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的be fortunate to do sth. 幸运的做某事(3)fortune n. 运气；命运；财富 make a fortune 发大财(4)unfortunate adj. 不幸的unfortunately adv. 不幸地misfortune n. 厄运即学即练单句语法填空He was fortunate to have(have) a lovely and healthy child
11、.It is said that the old man made a fortune abroad by collecting old things.We have to depend on our original plan if unfortunately(fortunately) this one doesnt work out.He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones misfortune(fortune)小片段助记It was fortunate of them to make a for
12、tune by trading with foreigners.And more fortunately for them，they were supported by the government.extinction n灭绝，绝种(教材P63)Today，as we learn more about sharks，more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.今天，随着我们对鲨鱼了解得越来越多，越来越多的人想要保护它们免于灭绝。例1Many rare animals are close to extinction，so
13、 we must find ways to protect our environment.许多稀有动物濒临灭绝，因此我们必须想办法保护我们的环境。例2As is often the case，humans are the primary cause of extinction.通常情况下，人类是物种灭绝的主要原因。造句这种植物现在有绝种的危险。The plant is now in danger of extinction. 知识拓展(1)be close to extinction 濒临灭绝protectfrom extinction 保护免于灭绝(2)extinct adj. 灭绝的，绝
14、种的(3)die out 灭绝，绝种即学即练单句语法填空In brief，the extinction(extinct) of the dinosaurs occurred long before humans came into being.If people dont pay attention to the protection of rare animals，they will soon die outattitude n(尤指通过行为表现出的对某事的一般)看法，态度；姿势，姿态(教材P64)Complete the chart showing how attitudes toward
15、s sharks have changed with words and expressions from the passage.用本文的单词和短语完成这个展示人们对鲨鱼的态度是如何变化的表格。例1As the saying goes，attitude determines altitude.俗话说，态度决定高度。例2People with a positive attitude towards life are more likely to succeed.对生活有积极态度的人更有可能成功。造句如果你想通过考试，你最好改变你的态度。If you want to pass the exam，
16、youd better change your attitude. 知识拓展attitude to/towards对的态度/看法have/take a positive/negative attitude to/towards 对持肯定/否定的态度take/adopt a/anattitude 采取的态度in aattitude 以的姿势即学即练单句语法填空What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a parttime job? Beauty is an attitude.It has nothing to
17、do with age.He was kneeling by his bed in an attitude of devotion.Sentence Pattern形容词作状语(教材P62)Some people stopped swimming in the sea，afraid of the horrible creature from the film.一些人停止在海里游泳，因为害怕遇到电影里描写的这种可怕的动物。句式分析：afraid of the horrible creature from the film是形容词短语作状语，说明句子主语的特点或处于某种状态。形容词(短语)作状语可
18、以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。例1Surprised and afraid，Tom ran out of the room.又惊又怕，汤姆从房间里跑了出去。例2One woman was lying in bed，awake，listening to the rushing winds.一位妇女躺在床上，醒着，静听着那急急的风声。造句长途旅行后他们三个回家了，又累又饿。After the long journey，the three of them went back home，hungry and tired.即学即练单句语法填空The l
19、ittle match girl was walking in the street，cold and hungry(hunger)Surprised(surprise) and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.He came back after a trip，tired(tire) but happy.1(教材P62)Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad animals that ate humans.分析：本句为复合句。主语部分中who
20、引导的定语从句，修饰先行词many people；动词believe后为that引导的宾语从句，其中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词bad animals。译文：许多看过这部影片的人开始相信鲨鱼是吃人的坏动物。2(教材P63)Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.分析：本句为复合句。the man与Peter Benchley为同位语，其后who引导的定语从句修饰先行词the man，而the b
21、ook后为省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the book。译文：割鳍可能对彼得本奇利产生了意想不到的影响。此人写了大白鲨，电影大白鲨就是以该书为蓝本。教材高考1.People have always been scared of sharks，but Jaws made things worse.(2019全国卷)but the gun shots had scared the dog off.2.Complete the chart showing how attitudes towards sharks have changed with words and exp
22、ressions from the passage.(2019北京卷)Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend3.Today，as we learn more about sharks，more people than ever want to protect them from extinction.(2019天津卷)The weak links may thus keep species from driving one anoth
23、er to extinction.4.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws was based on.(2018全国卷)They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones，and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.5.In 1980，Benchley was diving when he came a
24、cross an awful sight.(2018全国卷)I took off my Tshirt and dived into the water.6.Fortunately，not everyone who watched the film Jaws became afraid of sharkssome became interested in understanding them.(2018全国卷)Fortunately，after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and late
25、r the family met up for dinner.7.This was not only due to fear of sharks，but also finning.(2018全国卷) a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness.8.“Sharks dont target humans，” he said.(2019浙江卷)Woodcutters targeted big trees.9.This was not only due to fear of sharks，but
26、 also finning.(2018浙江卷)You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.10.Finning is a type of fishing where sharks are caught and their fins cut off.(2016北京卷)The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.单句语法填空1His face was pale and he looke
27、d scared(scare) to death.2He is seen as one of the classical composers in this century.3Its thrilling to see people diving(dive) into the sea from a cliff.4I was late in getting to the station.But fortunately(fortunate)，the train was late，too.5Not only the students but also the teacher is(be) tired
28、of the endless examinations.6We want to know whether the drug has a bad effect on/upon peoples health.7Targeted(target) at improving the level of English，English Corner is held once a week.8Many species are in danger of extinction(extinct) because of the destruction of their natural habitat.9What im
29、presses me most is his friendly and enthusiastic attitude towards/to all the customers.10When it was his turn to deliver his speech，he walked towards the microphone，nervous and embarrassed(embarrass).短语填空in fear，be scared of，due to，cut off，be based on，come across，rather than，by mistake1Theory is bas
30、ed on practice and in turn serves practice.2Sorry，Tom，I took your notebook instead of mine by mistake3I came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.4The bridge looked so unsafe that we all hung back in fear5He got up very early this morning，for he was scared of being late.6Our suc
31、cess was largely due to the good cooperation of all team members.7It is those who are willing to give rather than to receive that deserve respecting.8When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt cut off from the world.课文语法填空Since the film Jaws was shown in 1975，people have alwa
32、ys been 1.scared(scare) of sharks.Many people who saw the film started to believe that sharks were bad 2.animals(animal) that ate humans.Some people started fishing for sharks，3.killing(kill) as many as they could.At that time，nobody cared if sharks were killed or how many sharks were killed.People
33、just wanted them killed.After 1975，4.the number of large sharks fell 5.quickly(quick) around the world.This was not only due 6.to fear of sharks，but also finning.Finning would have an unexpected effect upon Peter Benchley，the man who wrote the book the film Jaws 7.was based(base) on.In 1980，Benchley 8.was diving(dive) when he came across an awful sight.It was an area 9.where fishermen were finning，and the sea floor was covered with dead sharks.He came to see people as a danger to sharks，rather than the other way round.From that day on，he 10.fought(fight) to protect sharks.
