1、第四单元过关检测(时间:90分钟满分:120分).阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。A(导学号51970058)Beijing had its biggest snowfall since 1951.Britain is suffering through its longest cold snap(寒潮) since 1981.And freezing weather is hitting the Deep South,including Floridas orange grov
2、es and beaches.Whatever happened to global warming?Such weather doesnt seem to fit with warnings from scientists that the Earth is warming because of greenhouse gases.But experts say the cold snap doesnt contradict global warming at allits just a temporary phenomenon in the long-term heating trend.“
3、Its part of natural variability,” said Gerald Meehl,a senior scientist.“With global warming”,he said,“well still have cold temperatures.Well just have fewer of them.”Scientists say man-made climate change does have the potential to cause more frequent and more severe weather extremes.But experts did
4、 not connect the current cold snap to climate change.So what is going on?“We basically have seen just a big outbreak of Arctic air over populated areas of the Northern Hemisphere”,Arndt said.In the atmosphere,large rivers of air travel roughly west to east around the globe between the Arctic and the
5、 tropics.This air flow acts like a fence to keep Arctic air restricted.But recently,this air flow has become bent into a zigzag(之字形) pattern,wandering north and south.If you live in a place where it brings air up from the south,you get warm weather.In fact,record highs were reported this week in Was
6、hington State and Alaska.But in the eastern United States,like some other unlucky parts of the globe,Arctic air is coming from the north.And thats how you get a temperature of 3 degrees centigrade in Beijing,a reading of minus 42 degrees centigrade in mainland Norway,and 18 inches of snow in parts o
7、f Britain.The zigzag pattern arises naturally from time to time,but it is not clear why its so strong right now.1.What is the main idea of the text?A.Freezing weather is hitting the Deep South.B.Well still have cold temperatures.C.The air flow has become a zigzag pattern.D.The cold snap doesnt contr
8、adict global warming.答案:D解析：主旨大意题。本文就世界局部地区出现的长时间寒潮天气与当下的全球气候变暖进行了论述,指出寒潮与全球变暖并不矛盾,长远看,这只是一个暂时的现象。2.With global warming,we will .A.also meet with a severe cold snapB.have more hot temperatures foreverC.never experience cold temperaturesD.have more cold temperatures 答案:A解析：细节理解题。文章第三段倒数第二句话提到,虽然有全球变暖
9、这种现象,但是我们仍然会遇到创纪录的低温天气。3.According to experts,the current cold snap .A.suggests that the climate has changed greatlyB.is not related to the climate changeC.shows that the climate will turn coldD.is affected by global warming答案:B解析：细节理解题。文章第四段第二句话提到,专家们没有把当前的寒潮与气候变化联系起来,显然选项B符合文意。4.We can conclude th
10、at .A.not all the parts of the Northern Hemisphere are cold in face of the cold snapB.the zigzag pattern arises naturally accidentallyC.Beijing will get cold weather next yearD.Washington State and Alaska will not face cold weather next year答案:A解析：细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段最后两句话可知,并非北半球所有的地区都在经历寒潮的侵袭。B(导学号51970
11、059)Britains seed bank,the only one in the world aiming to collect all of the planets wild plant species,has reached its goal of banking 10 percent by 2010.The Millennium Seed Bank Project,run by Kew Gardens-one of the oldest botanical gardens-will officially deposit the 24,200th species on Thursday
12、,a pink,wild banana from China.More than 50 countries are now on board with Kews giant task but vast places of the globe,including India and Brazil,still need to join in and donate seeds,director Paul Smith said.The seed bank is one of the largest and most diverse in the world with more than 1.5 bil
13、lion seeds.Its goal is to help protect the planets biodiversity during a time of climate change.The wild banana seed is under threat of extinction(灭绝)in Southwest China from agricultural development.It is a vital food source for Asian elephants and important for growing bananas for human consumption
14、.Stored at minus 20 degrees centigrade,the seeds can last for thousands of years and await the day that scientists hope never comes when the species no longer exist in the wild.“ It is a race against time”,Smith said,“because in the last decade alone,20 plants held in the bank have already been wipe
15、d out in the wild”.He estimates that between a third and a quarter of plants will become extinct this century.“It is urgent and it is happening now.An area,the size of England,is cleared of primary vegetation(植被)every year,”Smith said.Because most of the worlds food and medicines come from nature,pr
16、otecting wild plant species is quite important,scientists say.There are already many other seed banks safeguarding food crops,which only account for 0.6 percent of plant diversity.For Kews next goal-to collect a quarter of wild varieties by 2020-the botanists need 10 million pounds a year,or a furth
17、er 100 million pounds on top of the 40 million they have already been granted.5.Whats the final purpose of the Britains seed bank?A.To collect enough money for the project.B.To safeguard food crops.C.To protect wild plants from extinction.D.To help scientists study wild plants.答案:C解析：细节理解题。由第一段和第三段内
18、容可知,伦敦种子银行旨在通过收集自然界的植物种子以达到保护自然界生物多样性的目的。6.The wild banana seed in China is in danger because of .A.the expanding of farming workB.climate change in this areaC.the large number of Asian elephantsD.humans large consumption答案:A解析：细节理解题。由第四段第一句可知,这种香蕉在中国西南部面临灭绝是因为农业的发展,故本题选A项。7.We can learn from the pa
19、ssage that .A.the seeds in the bank can be used now and then spread all over the worldB.India and Brazil havent joined in the Seed Bank Project at presentC.there is only one seed bank in the world at presentD.the wild plants in places like India and China will never die out答案:B解析：推理判断题。由第二段Paul Smit
20、h的话可知,印度和巴西还没有参与种子银行捐种子的活动,故选B项。其他三项与文章内容不一致。8.What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 6 refer to?A.The extinction of plant species.B.The Millennium Seed Bank Project.C.Britains seed bank.D.Kew Gardens next goal.答案:B解析：细节理解题。本文主要讲的是伦敦种子银行和它所进行的“千年种子库计划”,结合It所在句子可知,是这项计划在和时间赛跑。因此选B项。C(导学号5197
21、0060)XIANChina has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.The air quality index (AQI) for Xian reached 500 on Wednesday afternoon,at the top of the AQI scale,according to the national air quality monitoring website.Xian
22、weather forecasters predict the smog(雾霾) will continue for the next week and air pollution may worsen.“I have to keep buying masks for my family,”said Liu,buying masks at a pharmacy(药店) near her home in downtown Xian.“This is the only thing we can do to protect ourselves.”On Wednesday,a city governm
23、ent emergency response plan was put into action,suspending all the construction and taking at least 50 per cent of government vehicles off the road.Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.Nearly half the country,more than 100 cities in 20 provinces,has suffered from smog since last
24、 December.Many have taken action,including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog,limiting vehicle use and fining polluters.Assessments based on GDP alone were abandoned last month and more emphasis has been put on public well-being and the environment.It remains to be seen whether the
25、 move will be effective in forcing local governments to consider environmental issues over economic growth.Environmental protection professionals are doubtful about the immediacy of the effects of these measures.Xiao Hang,an urban researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences,said it took London 50
26、years to lose the moniker(绰号) “foggy London town”, and Los Angeles still struggles to control its photochemical(光化学) smog.“We cant ignore environmental problems during the development process and China has a long way to go,” he said.9.What would be the best title for the article?A.AQI for Xian Reach
27、ed 500B.Smog Crisis Tries the Limits of Peoples PatienceC.Smoggy Chinese Cities Try to Clear the AirD.Dust Masks Become Hot Sellers答案:C解析：主旨大意题。本文是新闻报道,在文章首段提出文章的中心,即中国已经启动紧急预案并且采取长期措施来应对雾霾天气,由此判断C项内容更能体现文章中心,故选C项。10.The underlined word “suspending”in Paragraph 4 can be replaced by “ ”.A.encouraging
28、B.stoppingC.continuingD.expanding答案:B解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段的“.a city government emergency response plan was put into action.”可知,后文是对紧急应对计划的解释,由此推断应该是停止正在建设的工程,以减少污染,故B项正确。11.We can infer from the article that .A.China is the only country suffering from smogB.environmental professionals believe the air quali
29、ty will soon be improved with these measuresC.assessments based on GDP alone were harmful to environmental protectionD.Xian was the most polluted city in China答案:C解析：推理判断题。根据第六段内容可知,为了保护环境,考虑人们的健康,国家取消了仅仅依靠GDP做出的评估,由此推断仅靠看经济增长来进行评定的措施是不利于环境保护的,故C项正确。12.What Xiao Hang said indicates .A.London still h
30、as serious air pollution after 50 years of effortB.the development of China is more importantC.solving environmental problems requires great effortD.its normal for China to have environmental problems答案:C解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“We cant ignore environmental problems during the development process and Chin
31、a has a long way to go.”和对伦敦治理雾霾的漫长过程可知解决环境问题需要人们付出很大的努力,故C项正确。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(导学号51970061)13Home can be a great place for children to study.Its important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their frie
32、nds.Location(位置)14Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study,since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas.Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave paper and pens at hand without having to clear everything away each night.For a child that
33、 likes being alone,set aside a corner of his bedroom,but keep it separate from things like games,music and other hobbies not related to studying.Keeping Things in OrderParents should encourage their child to spread out,but to leave it neat and orderly when he isnt using his workspace.Ownership is ve
34、ry important for self-respect.15 The workplace should be personal,but not another part of the playroom.16Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school.Give them a good example of how to deal with problems,how to manage time and get things
35、done in the right way.17 Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family.A.Attitude Is EverythingB.Bring Organization into Your HomeC.Here are several ways to choose a location.D.Building a Good Home Learning EnvironmentE.Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follo
36、w your example.F.Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.G.A child who learns to organize his space will carry organization into every corner of his life.答案:1317 DFGAE.英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
37、(导学号51970062)Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed.When they got to the South Pole,they found the Norwegians(挪威人) had 18 them in the race to be the first ever to reach it.After 19 the British flag at the Pole,they took a photograph of themselves 20 they started the 950-mile journey bac
38、k.The journey was unexpectedly 21 and the joy and excitement about the Pole had gone out of them.The sun hardly 22.The snowstorms always made it impossible to sight the stones they had 23 to mark their way home.To make things 24,Evans,whom they had all thought of 25 the strongest of the five,fell ba
39、dly into a deep hole in the ice.Having 26 along for several days,he suddenly fell down and died.The four who were 27 pushed on at the best speed they could 28.Captain Oates had been suffering for some time from his 29 feet;at night his feet swelled(肿胀) so large that he could 30 put his boots on the
40、next morning,and he walked bravely although he was in great 31.He knew his slowness was making it less likely that 32 could save themselves.He asked them to leave him behind in his sleeping-bag,but they refused,and helped him 33 a few more miles,until it was time to put up the 34 for another night.T
41、he following morning,35 the other three were still in their sleeping-bags,he said.“I am just going outside and may be 36 some time.”He was never seen again.He had walked out 37 into the snowstorm,hoping that his death would help his companions. 18.A.hitB.foughtC.wonD.beaten答案:D解析：英国人以为他们是最早到达南极的人,没想
42、到在这场比赛中他们输给了挪威人。beat sb.指“击败某人”。19.A.growingB.puttingC.plantingD.laying答案:C解析：因为南极地区被冰雪覆盖,在上面插上国旗很不容易,且南极风很大,所以用plant较合适。plant 除表示“种植”外,还可表示“牢牢安置”“牢固地固定在一个位置上”。20.A.afterB.untilC.whileD.before答案:D解析：根据常理,肯定是在插好国旗之后返回之前拍照留念,故用before。21.A.safeB.fastC.shortD.low答案:D解析：根据下文可知,因为暴风雪的原因,归程很艰难,并且他们所做的回程标志也
43、不见了,因此返程速度很慢。22.A.roseB.setC.appearedD.disappeared答案:C解析：因为一直有着暴风雪,所以太阳难得一见。23.A.taken upB.cut upC.set upD.picked up答案:C解析：指暴风雪使他们无法找到回程标志他们在去时竖立的石头。set up “设立;竖立;架起”。24.A.easierB.betterC.bitterD.worse答案:D解析：to make things worse是固定短语,意为“更糟糕的是”。25.A.toB.uponC.asD.in答案:C解析：think of.as.是固定短语,意为“认为是;把看作
44、”。26.A.battledB.struggledC.speededD.waited答案:B解析：Evans 掉进了一个冰洞,他肯定想办法挣扎着要出来,故用struggle 最合适。27.A.leftB.lostC.defeatedD.saved答案:A解析：be left指“剩下的”。一共五个人,已经死了一个,故剩下四人。28.A.manageB.tryC.employD.find答案:A解析：manage指“设法做成某事”。try“试图,设法”;employ“雇用”;find“找到,发现”。29.A.achedB.frozenC.hardenD.harmed答案:B解析：因为当时有着暴风雪
45、,并且下文又说 Oates 的脚在晚上肿胀得很大,由此可知,他的脚当时是冻伤了。30.A.hardlyB.neverC.seldomD.nearly答案:A解析：Oates的脚肿得很厉害,以至于几乎不能穿靴子。31.A.painB.fearC.troubleD.danger答案:A解析：Oates的脚肿得很厉害,以至于几乎不能穿靴子,这说明他当时很痛(in great pain)。32.A.all othersB.some othersC.othersD.the others答案:D解析：Oates若因脚伤走不快,就会影响到其他三个人的自救。the others指这四个人中除Oates外的其他
46、三个人,其中的the表特指。33.A.awayB.withC.offD.on答案:D解析：on在此表示“继续向前”的意思。又如:They moved on to the next city.他们继续赶往下一个城市。34.A.bedB.tentC.blanketD.sleeping-bag答案:B解析：指他们晚上搭起帐篷过夜。注意,不能选sleeping-bag,因为其前的动词是 put up。35.A.whileB.sinceC.forD.once答案:A解析：指当其他三人还在睡袋中睡觉的时候,Oates打了个招呼就一个人出去了。while“当的时候”。36.A.missedB.separat
47、edC.passedD.gone答案:D解析：指要离开一会儿。37.A.patientlyB.lonelyC.aloneD.worriedly答案:C解析：他一个人独自(alone)出去,希望不拖累其他同伴。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(导学号51970063)(2016广东省惠州市第三次调研)The Chinese government has decided to end its one-child per family policy and let families have two childr
48、en.A statement gives the reasons for the change,38.(say) it is meant to balance population development,stop a declining birth rate and strengthen the countrys workforce.China 39.(carry)out the one-child policy in 1980.But the government permitted a small number of 40.(couple) to have two children.Fo
49、r example, some rural families were given approval to have two children if the first-born was a girl.In 2013,the government permitted other families to have two if one parent was 41. only child.A teacher and population expert,Jiang Quanbao,explains how Chinese families will react 42. the policy.“Man
50、y young people in the cities are 43.(probable) not interested in having a second child,” he says.“People in rural villages may be 44.(much) interested,but some of them are already allowed to have two children.”At the end of 2014,China had a population of 1.37 billion people,a total of 800 million of
51、 45. are employed.But that job market population is expected 46.(drop) by 2050.With the two-child policy,the labor 47.(short) will be relieved,starting in 20 years.答案:38.saying39.carried40.couples41.an42.to43.probably44.more45.whom46.to drop47.shortage.写作(共两节,满分35分)第一节短文改错(10分)假定在英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文。
52、请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。(导学号51970064)My neighbor Mrs Li is a curious lady.Yesterday morning,a mailman rang my doorbell.Hear the bell,Mrs Li put her head
53、out of the windows immediately and asked in a loud voice,“Whats the matter?”“Are you Li Xia?Theres package for you,”answer the man.“Where is it come from?”Mrs Li asked.“Its from London.”Then Mrs Li asked the mailman to open it.Feeling puzzling,he replied that he couldnt open the package and asked Mr
54、s Li to come down and open it herself.Mrs Li refused polite.The mailman was a little bit angry but asked impatiently,“Why?”“Because Im not Li Xia.She lives next door.I played a joke of you.”答案:第二句:myher第三句:HearHearing;windowswindow第四句:package前加a;answeranswered第五句:isdoes或去掉come第八句:puzzlingpuzzled第九句:
55、politepolitely第十句:butand第十一句:ofon第二节书面表达(25分)(导学号51970065)气候变暖已经严重威胁到了地球上人类和动植物的生存。请你根据以下提示写一篇英语短文,阐述地球气候变暖的原因以及影响,并提出合理的解决措施。原因影响森林覆盖面积减少;大量二氧化碳进入大气层海平面上升,威胁沿海地区和岛上居民的生活,疾病侵袭人类,动植物濒临灭绝注意:1.词数100左右。2.可适当发挥,增加细节以使行文连贯。参考词汇:extensive 大面积的;deforest采伐森林参考范文Global warming has been seriously threatening t
56、he living things on the earth,which becomes the main concern of human beings.Human activities are the main causes of global warming,such as making extensive forests deforested and releasing large quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.With the temperatures going up,the sea level will rise,
57、which will leave the islanders and people along the coasts in trouble.Meanwhile,some animals and plants will die out because they fail to adapt to the new environment.Worse still,more diseases will hit human beings and animals.Faced with this coming threat,we should take sound measures to solve it.Protecting the forests and reducing emissions of greenhouse gases are extremely urgent.Moreover,more importance should be attached to planting trees.