1、语法专题突破 专题二 冠词、代词、介词英 语 2023高 考 总 复 习 优 化 设 计 GAO KAO ZONG FU XI YOU HUA SHE JI 内 容 索 引增素能 精准突破测效果 课堂评价增素能 精准突破 一、冠词【真题语境】不定冠词 1.(2021新高考全国卷)While youre in China,Mount Huangshan is _must to visit!2.(2019全国卷)She said,“We dont have any idea who put grandma forward.When we got a call saying she was shor
2、t-listed,we thought it was joke.”aa3.(2017全国卷)As result,people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.4.(2017全国卷)Instead,she is earning$6,500 a day as model in New York.5.(2017浙江卷)For Pahlsson,its return was wonder.aaatheThe定冠词 6.(2021新高考全国卷)A company representative wrote ba
3、ck and told me the airline was switching over plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.7.(2021浙江卷)Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.8.(2021全国甲卷)It took us about 3 hours to go all way around the Xian City Wall.9.(2021全国乙
4、卷)Due to growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.thethe10.(2020全国卷)The plum trees are first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化).11.(2019全国卷)Of nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations,three are declin
5、ing,six are stable,one is increasing,and nine lack enough data.12.(2018全国卷)Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over past 25 years,while rice has increased only 7 percent.thethethe13.(2018全国卷)Unexpectedly,Im face-to-face with the gorilla,who begins screaming at top of her lungs.That makes h
6、er baby scream,and then a 400-pound male appears.He screams the loudest of all.14.(2017全国卷)This included digging up the road,laying the track and then building a strong roof over top.thethe【用法点拨】1.不定冠词a/an的用法 指一类人或事,例如:a plane;第一次提及某人、某物;表示“每一”,例如:eight hours a day;表示“相同”,例如:of an age;用于人名前,表示不认识此人或
7、与某人有类似性质的人或事,例如:a Mr Smith。2.定冠词the的用法 用于世上独一无二的事物名词前,例如:the moon;表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事;用于乐器前面,例如:play the violin;用于形容词和分词前表示一类人,例如:the rich;表示“一家人”或“夫妇”,例如:the Greens;用于序数词或形容词、副词的比较级、最高级前。3.零冠词的用法 专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前,例如:China,love,air;名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制时;季节、月份、星期、节假日、一日三餐前
8、;学科、语言、球类或棋类运动名词前;表示泛指的复数名词前。4.固定搭配 all of a sudden突然;at a loss不知所措,茫然;in a hurry匆忙地;in a way从某种意义上说;as a rule通常,一般来说;in a moment 立刻;at the moment此刻,目前;by the way顺便说一下;in the distance在远处;on the right在右边;at the age of在岁时;on the whole总起来说;in the long run从长远看;in fact事实上;in danger在危险中;on time按时;lose wei
9、ght减肥;at home and abroad国内外;in debt欠债。二、代词【真题语境】1.(2021新高考全国卷)As the song goes,this long and winding road“will never disappear”,and it will always stick in the visitors memory.It sure does in (I).2.(2021浙江卷)She was extremely pretty,and her house was a reflection of (she),everything in good taste and
10、 in perfect order.3.(2021全国乙卷)Ecotourism has (it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.mineherselfits4.(2020全国卷)Data about.,could help China decide whether (it)plans for a future lunar base are practical.5.(2020新高考全国卷)As well as looking at exhibits,visitors can play with computer simul
11、ations(模拟)and imagine (they)living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.6.(2019北京卷)Nervously facing challenges,I know I will whisper to (I)the two simple words“Be yourself”.7.(2018全国卷)If you are time poor,you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other
12、 sports,so perhaps we should all give a try.itsthemselvesmyselfit8.(2018全国卷)When the gorillas and I frightened each other,I was just glad to find (they)alive.9.(2018浙江卷)Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out.10.(2017
13、全国卷)However,the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months,more than 25,000 people were using every day.11.(2017浙江卷)“She thought I had hurt (I),”says Pahlsson.themititmyself【用法点拨】1.人称代词 人称 代词 主格 I you he she it we you they 宾格 me you him her it us you them 物主 代词 形容 词性 my your
14、his her its our your their 名词性 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs 反身 代词 myself yourself himself herself itself ours-elves your-selves them-selves 2.指示代词:this,that,these,those 3.疑问代词:who,whom,whose,which,what,whoever,whichever,whatever 4.关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose,as 5.不定代词:one,some,any,ea
15、ch,every,none,many,much,few,little,a few,a little,other,another,all,both,neither,either,something,anything,nothing,everything,somebody,anybody,nobody,everybody,everyone,no one,none,someone,anyone 6.相互代词:each other,one another 7.it的用法 it可以用作形式主语或形式宾语,而把真正的主语或宾语放在后面,真正的主语或宾语往往由从句、动词-ing形式、不定式充当;指代日期、时
16、间、季节、天气、温度、距离、重量、环境、情况等;用于强调句型it is/was.that/who.中。三、介词【真题语境】1.(2021浙江卷)In 1844 they bought it _$1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser,who performed their marriage ceremony in 1842.2.(2021全国甲卷)It was built originally to protect the city _the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).3
17、.(2021全国乙卷)Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel,various types _trips are now being classified as ecotourism.forinof4.(2021全国乙卷)It was not widely accepted as a travel concept _the late 1980s.5.(2020全国卷)Orange trees are more _decoration;they are a symbol of goo
18、d fortune and wealth.6.(2020全国卷)Bamboo plants are associated _health,abundance and a happy home.7.(2020全国卷)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist _earth,Mother Nature.untilthan with on8.(2020 新高考全国卷)Museums must compete _peoples spare time and money with other amusements.9.(2019全国卷
19、)Modern methods _tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive to perform consistently over a large area.10.(2019全国卷)We were first greeted with the barking by a pack dogs,seven to be exact.forof/for of11.(2018全国卷)I was searching these three western low
20、land gorillas Id been observing.12.(2018浙江卷)If you are not going to suffer this problem,then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home dinner,get a few cooking tips from her.13.(2017全国卷)This trend,which was started by the medical community(医学界)a method of fighting heart disease,has had s
21、ome unintended side effects such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.forforas14.(2017全国卷)It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and work.15.(2017全国卷)After school sh
22、e plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.fromin【用法点拨】1.介词的分类 简单介词 for,in,of,about,across,after,against,from,among,around,at,than,beyond,during,on 合成介词 inside,into,onto,out of,outside,throughout,upon,within,without 短语介词 accor
23、ding to,because of,instead of,up to,due to,owing to,thanks to 双重介词 from among,from behind,from under,till after,in between 分词转化 成的介词 considering(就而论),including 形容词转化 成的介词 like,unlike,near,opposite 2.方位介词 介词 图示 介词 图示 in by/beside on near over next to under behind above before 续 表 介词 图示 介词 图示 below/be
24、neath outside 3.常用介词短语 in a sense从某种意义上说;in place在适当的位置;in case以免,万一;in return作为回报;on behalf of代表;on the contrary相反;under control在控制之中;under construction在建设中;for the benefit of为了的利益;as for就而论,关于;by chance=by accident偶然,碰巧;by far到目前为止;out of order发生故障,失调;out of control失去控制;out of ones reach某人够不着的地方 注
25、意:of+抽象名词=形容词 be of value=be valuable;be of use=be useful 测效果 课堂评价 一、练时鲜单句语法填空 1.You can use _app to turn it on or off remotely,or even set it to turn on automatically when youre nearby.2.One out of every two teens in the US and Japan feel they are addicted_ their phones,according to a recent study.
26、3.Instead of waking up at 7 am and fighting my way through the day,anxious and angry,I started to set my alarm at 6 am,gifting _(I)an extra hour.antomyself 4.The team found that 54 percent of 13-to 14-year-old girls were at risk of anxiety prior to the pandemic,with that figure dropping _10 percent
27、during lockdown.5.It is hoped that this program will reduce _quantity of waste that ends up in landfills by a large degree.bythe二、练模拟单句语法填空 1.(2021广东广州一模)The fast growing economy and strong support _the rulers helped the development of technology and the expansion of knowledge.2.(2021河北石家庄一模)Zhong s
28、aid it was Fan who had influenced her and gave her the confidence to study archaeology,and that she wanted to follow Fans footsteps and devote _(she)to the field.fromherself 3.(2021山东淄博一模)Influenced by Taoist and Confucian thought and theories of Chinese and theories of Chinese medicine,_practice ha
29、s developed into several schools or styles named after a masters personal surname,such as Chen style or Yang style.4.(2021浙江五校联考)But Casey Hathaway told _(he)rescuers that he was not alone in the wet,freezing cold woods.5.(2021四川成都一诊)Elsewhere,there are calls for restaurants to replace the tipping s
30、ystem _a single payment covering both the meal and the service.the hiswith6.(2021湖南六校联考)Instead,they will stuff _(they)cheeks with nuts,curl up into a little ball and reduce their body temperature and even their heart rate.7.(2021湖北武汉质检)The data from this extreme weather station is enabling scientis
31、ts to directly keep _close eye on the jet stream and understand how Himalayan climate is changing.8.(2021陕西西安五校联考)Shenhou is not the only town in Henan that benefits _the combination of tourism and local culture.theirafrom9.(2021山西名校联盟检测)Up till now,about 40 high schools across the country have unde
32、rtaken the task of being the first group of AI high education pilot program _introducing the textbook in the curriculum.10.(2021山东日照一模)Bamboo is among _fastest growing plants on earth,gaining 1.2 meters every day under appropriate conditions.bythe三、练语篇语法填空 After a long and busy day at school or work
33、,all we want to do is return to a clean and comfortable home.Smart technology can turn any home 1._ a nicer place to live.You can now turn 2._(you)thermostat(恒温器)up,lock the doors and play music with a simple voice command.into your3._ fact,smart homes have actually been around for some time.Scottis
34、h company Pico Electronics invented 4._communication protocol(协议)called X10 back in 1975.With radio waves,this protocol allowed users to communicate with various devices(设备)in 5._(they)homes,such as lights and alarms,according to AVSytemsMag,6._ magazine dedicated to the AV and automation(自动化)indust
35、ry.Inatheir aOf course,4G-and now 5G-wireless technology makes smart homes much more sophisticated(复杂的)and powerful 7._ X10 devices.Perhaps 8._ most widespread smart home technology is the voice-activated(声控的)assistant.Google Home and Amazons Alexa allow users to interact(互动)with nearly any device in their homes simply by speaking a few words.This is especially convenient 9._children and people with physical disabilities,as they can accomplish tasks by 10._(they),which would normally be too complicated or difficult,according to How-To Geek magazine.thantheforthemselves
