1、第一部分教材重点全程攻略 Book 1Unit 1 Friendship基础自主检测阅读识记.英译汉1.survey n. 调查2.loose adj. 松的；松开的3.thunder vi. 打雷；雷鸣n.雷；雷声4.curtain n. 窗帘；门帘；幕布5.overcoat n. 大衣6.swap vt. 交换7.item n. 项目；条款.汉译英1.series n. 连续；系列2.outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外3.dusk n. 黄昏；傍晚4.partner n. 伙伴；合作者；合伙人5.highway n. 公路，大路6.suitcase n. 手提箱；衣箱7.teena
2、ger n. 十几岁的青少年8.tip n. 提示；技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt. 倾斜；翻倒高频应用1.upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt. 使不安；使心烦2.calm vt.& vi. (使)平静；(使)镇定3.dusty adj. 积满灰尘的4.pack vi.& vt. 捆扎；包装；打行李5.exactly adv. 确实如此；正是，确切地6.grateful adj. 感激的；表示谢意的拓展变形1.ignore (vt.) 不理睬；忽视ignorance (n.) 无知ignorant (adj.) 无知的；不了解的2.concern (vt.) (使)担忧；涉及；关系
3、到 (n.) 担心；关注；(利害)关系concerned (adj.) 担心的；有关的concerning (prep.) 关于；有关3.entire (adj.) 整个的；完全的；全部的entirely (adv.) 完全地；全然地；整个地4.power (n.) 能力；力量；权力powerful (adj.) 强大的；强有力的powerless (反义词) (adj.) 无力的；没有能力的；无权力的5.settle (vi.) 安家；定居；停留 (vt.) 使定居；安排；解决settlement (n.) 定居；解决settler (n.) 定居者；移民6.suffer (vt.& vi.
4、) 遭受；忍受；经历suffering (n.) 痛苦；苦难sufferer (n.) 患病者；受难者7.recover (vt.& vi.) 痊愈；恢复；重新获得recovery (n.) 痊愈；恢复；重新获得8.disagree (vi.) 不同意agree (反义词) (vi.) 同意disagreement (n.) 不同意9.dislike (n.& vt.) 不喜欢；厌恶like (n.& vt.) 喜欢unlike (prep.) 不像；与不同likely (adj.) 可能的；有希望的1.dis否定前缀词disagree vi. 不同意dislike vt. 不喜欢disapp
5、ear vi. 消失disability n. 残疾；无能discourage vt. 使气馁disobey vt. 不服从discover vt. 发现2.合成名词(adj.n.)highway 公路；大路blackboard 黑板greenhouse 温室deadline 最后期限3.自然现象thunder 雷声；打雷lightning 闪电shower 阵雨thunderstorm 雷暴snowstorm 暴风雪tornado 龙卷风hurricane 飓风typhoon 台风haze 雾霾tsunami 海啸4.表示负面情绪的形容词upset 不安的；心烦的anxious 焦虑的ann
6、oyed 恼火的；生气的depressed 消沉的；沮丧的frustrated 失意的；挫败的pessimistic 悲观的blue 沮丧的；忧郁的down 情绪低落的5.“动词ing”名词suffersuffering 苦难buildbuilding 建筑(物)crosscrossing 十字路口hearhearing 听力feelfeeling 感觉6.“动词/形容词y”名词recoverrecovery 康复discoverdiscovery 发现modestmodesty 谦虚honesthonesty 诚实difficultdifficulty 困难一 动词介/副词1add up 合
7、计2calm ( . ) down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来3go through 经历；经受；完成；仔细检查4set down 记下；放下；登记5suffer from 遭受；患病6pack (sth.) up 将(东西)装箱打包7join in 参加；加入二 介词名词8on purpose 故意地；有目的地9at dusk 在黄昏时刻三 be形容词介词10be concerned about 关心；挂念11get/be tired of 对厌烦四 其他12a series of 一连串的；一系列；一套13in order to 为了14face to face 面对面地15get a
8、long with 与相处；进展16fall in love 倾心于；爱上1“atn.”表时间小结at dusk在黄昏时刻at dawn在拂晓at midnight在午夜at noon在中午2“n.prep.n.”类短语小结face to face面对面地heart to heart心连心地shoulder to shoulder肩并肩地hand in hand手拉手地back to back背对背地side by side肩并肩地3set短语小结set down记下；放下；登记set aside留出；拨出(时间、金钱等)set off出发；动身；引起；使爆炸set out to do sth
9、./set about doing sth.着手做某事set up开办；建立；设立4“动词through”小结go through通过；用完；检查；经历，经受see through帮助渡过难关；看穿look through快速查看；浏览get through完成；用完；打通(电话)1状语从句的省略：while分词结构“当的时候”While walking the dog (在遛狗时), you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.(教材P1)2before 引导的时间状语从句，意为“在之后才”，强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已
10、经发生，还可理解为“还没等就”She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered (他们才被发现)(教材P2)3It is . that/who . 强调句型I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that (是因为我长久无法出门的缘故)Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(教材P2)4There was a
11、 time when . “曾经有段时间”，此处when引导的是定语从句，可看作固定句式I can well remember that there was a time when (曾经有段时光) a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.(教材P2)5It/This/That is/was the first time that . “这/那是某人第一次做某事”，此结构中的从句部分要用完成时It was the first time (这
12、是第一次) in a year and a half that Id seen (我目睹了) the night face to face . (教材P2)6“with宾语宾补”复合结构Mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on (穿着这么多衣服)(教材P5)单句语法填空1Add up your score see how many points you get.答案：and2Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh you, or would no
13、t understand you are going through?答案：at; what3She said, “I dont want to set a series of facts in a diary most people do, I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”答案：down; as; but4I stayed awake purpose until half past eleven in order (have) a good look at the moon
14、 by myself.答案：on; to have5Another time five months ago, I happened (be) upstairs dusk when the window was open.答案：to be; at6The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me (entire) in their power.答案：entirely7I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains (hang) before very
15、dusty windows.答案：hanging8Its no pleasure (look) through these any longer because nature is one thing really must be experienced.答案：looking; that9I am having some trouble my classmates at the moment.答案：with10Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find hard to make good friends with them.答案：
16、it考点步步冲关1calmvt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.(P1)你将不理会上课铃声，去一个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。(1)calm (sb./oneself) down让(某人/自己)冷静下来(2)be/stay/keep/remain calm 保持镇静(3)calmly adv. 镇静地；沉着地(4)calmness n. 沉着；镇静calm平静的，沉着的。指无风浪或人的心情不激动quiet宁静的，安
17、静的。指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑silent寂静的，沉默的。指不说话或没有声音still静止的，不动的。指(人体等)无运动的图解助记一言辨异When facing danger, one should keep calm; when taken photos, one should keep still; when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet; when in class, one shouldnt keep silent about the teachers questions.当面对危险时，要保持冷静；照相时，要保
18、持不动；其他人睡觉时，要保持安静；在课堂上时，不应该对老师的问题保持沉默。即时练1单句改错Dont panic or get out of line, and try to remain quiet and calmly. 答案：calmlycalm单句写作在紧急情况下，面对危险我们应该保持镇静，这点至关重要。We should ， which matters much in case of emergency.这个老人镇静地穿过街道，他的妻子在那儿迎接他。The elderly man the street, where he was greeted by his wife.答案：keep
19、calm in the face of dangercalmly crossed2concernvt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系You will tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her and you will meet after class and talk then.(P1)你会告诉你的朋友你很关心他/她，下课后你们会见面交谈。(1)concern oneself about/with对表示关心(2)concerned adj. 担心的；关注的；相关的be concerned about/for
20、 . 担心；关心be concerned with与有关；涉及as/so far as . be concerned 就而言；依之见(3)concerning prep. 有关；关于名师点津concerned作形容词充当前置定语时，意为“关心的，挂念的，担心的”；如果要表示“相关的，有关的”作定语，要后置。例如：a concerned look关切的神色；the authorities concerned有关当局。即时练2单句语法填空This chapter concerns itself the historical background.He asked several questions
21、 (concern) the future of the company.答案：with/aboutconcerning单句写作如果你关心自己的健康，请咨询你的医生。If you your health, consult your doctor.就我个人而言，赏读同一本书也是一次共同分享的经历。 ， it can also be a sharing experience when the same book is being appreciated.答案：are concerned aboutAs far as Im concerned3settlevi. 安家；定居；停留vt. 使定居；安排
22、；解决(问题、分歧、纠纷)She found it difficult to settle and calm down in the hiding place . (P4)她发现很难在藏身处安定下来(1)settle a problem/an argument/a dispute/a matter解决问题/争论/争端/事情settle the differences解决分歧(2)settle down 舒适地坐下(或躺下)；(在某地)定居下来，过安定的生活；安静下来settle down to (doing) sth. 开始认真对待某事；定下心来(做)某事settle in/into sth.
23、 安顿下来；习惯于(新居)；适应(新工作)即时练3单句语法填空 (settle) in a friendly way, their quarrel came to an end.答案：Settled句型转换There were so many noises that we were unable to be absorbed in studying.There were so many noises that we were unable to .答案：settle down to studying4suffervt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历She suffered from lonelin
24、ess, but she had to learn to like it there.(P4)她承受了寂寞之苦，但又不得不学会去喜欢孤独。(1)suffer pain/defeat/loss/poverty/hunger/hardship遭受痛苦/失败/损失/贫穷/饥饿/苦难suffer from . 受折磨；受之苦；患病suffer from cold and hunger 饥寒交迫(2)suffering n. U(指肉体或精神上遭受的)痛苦/疼痛/困难 C痛苦；苦恼的事(3)sufferer n. 患病者；受苦者；受难者即时练4单句语法填空A large quantity of mone
25、y has been collected to help those (suffer) from the floods.The old man is said to have gone through varieties of (suffer) during the war.Im suffering a lack of time this week.She received many letters of support from fellow (suffer)答案：sufferingsufferingsfromsufferers单句写作句式升级他一生从未遭受过这么大的损失，因此他几乎丧失了生
26、活的希望。a普通表达：He before in his life, so he almost lost the hope for life.b高级表达：Never before in his life ， so he almost lost the hope for life.(倒装)c高级表达：Not before in his life, he almost lost the hope for life. (分词作状语)答案：a.had never suffered such a great lossbhad he suffered such a great losschaving suf
27、fered such a great loss1add up 合计；加起来教材原句Add up your score and see how many points you get.(P1)把你的分数加起来看看能得多少分。(1)add . to . 把加到/进里add up to加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)add to增加；增添(to为介词)(2)add that . 补充说(3)addition n. 加；(数)加法；增加in addition另外；此外(还有)in addition to 除之外即时练1单句语法填空Add all the money I owe you.Please a
28、dd some sugar the milk to make it more delicious.答案：upto单句写作大雨增加了营救被埋人员的困难。The heavy rain the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.除了季节性的特别安排，我们餐厅还有一套完整的午餐和点心的菜单可供选择。Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, seasonal specials.答案：added toin addition to2go through 经历；完成；仔细检查；通过教材原
29、句Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through？(P2)或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？go against 违背；违反go by 逝去；过去go on 继续；进行；发生go in for 参加；爱好go over 复习；仔细检查go up 上涨；上升；攀登即时练2写出下列句中go through的含义Not until he went through real hardship did he reali
30、ze the love we have for our families is important. I always start the day by going through my mail. The boy went through two whole loaves of bread. We went through two caves, an extremely unusual part of the journey. 答案：经历仔细检查用完；耗尽通过；穿过用go相关短语的适当形式填空The country has too many wars since the ancient ti
31、mes.Things will get easier as time . your work before you hand it in.You shouldnt buy houses because their price is . Human beings shouldnt nature to live.答案：gone throughgoes byGo overgoing upgo against3set down 放下；记下；让下车；登记教材原句I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do,
32、but . (P2)我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账，但set about (doing) 开始；着手set aside 留出；把放置一旁；不理会；取消set out 出发(for)；着手(to do)；安排set off 出发(for)；引起；点燃set up 建立；准备；安排be set in 以为背景即时练3用set相关短语的适当形式填空The movie a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.In 1963 the UN the World Food Programme, one o
33、f whose purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.Why dont you your ideas on paper?The new government must finding solutions to the countrys economic problems.I try to a few minutes each day to take exercise.答案：is set inset upset; downset aboutset aside1While walking the dog, you were careless and
34、 it got loose and was hit by a car.(P1)翻译遛狗时你不小心把狗松开了，狗被汽车撞了。句中while walking the dog是一个状语从句的省略句，补全后为：while you were walking the dog。省略句的条件when, while, before, after, unless, if, as if等引导的状语从句中的主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it状语从句谓语中含有be动词省略句的形式省略从句中的主语和be动词名师点津解答该考点的题时，主要判断所考动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系，若是主动关系时，通常填v.ing形式；若是被动关
35、系时，通常填v.ed形式。即时练1单句写作在买鱼的时候，你应该先闻一闻。 fish, you should first smell it.她安慰地朝我笑了笑，耐心地边听我说边点头。She gave me a comforting smile, nodded patiently.人们在被要求做他们不想做的事情时会有压力感。People may feel forced to do things that they dont want to.如果可能的话，这周末我要去看我的祖父母。 ， Ill go to see my grandparents this weekend.答案：When (you a
36、re) buyingwhile (she was) listeningwhen (they are) askedIf (it is) possible2She and her family hid away for nearly twentyfive months before they were discovered.(P2)翻译她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月后才被发现。before conj.常用来表示从句动作发生之前的时间，译法灵活。(1)before引导时间状语从句时主要表达下列不同的意思：还没来得及就(强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已经发生)；之后才(说明主句的动作持续时间比较长之后，
37、从句的动作才开始)；在之前；(不久)就；以免；趁着(还没有)(2)含before的常用句式有：It wont be long before . 用不了多久就会(before从句用一般现在时)；It wasnt long before . 没过多久就(before从句用一般过去时)；It will be一段时间before . 要过若干时间之后才(before从句用一般现在时)；It was一段时间before . 过了若干时间才(before从句用一般过去时)名师点津“It be一段时间since”引导状语从句，表示“自从(到现在)有多长时间了”。即时练2单句写作他们正在考虑趁房价未涨时把房子
38、买下来。They are thinking of buying the house .电影8：30开始，去之前我们可以匆匆吃点东西。The movie starts at 8：30, and we can have a quick bite .约翰认为不久之后他就会为他的新工作做好准备。John thinks he is ready for his new job.听说你回家已经两个星期了，我非常想念你。I hear it has been two weeks you returned home and Ive been missing you very much.答案：before the
39、prices go upbefore we goit wont be long beforesince3I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.(P2)翻译我不知道这是否是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。强调句型的结构基本句式It is/was被强调部分that/who句子其他成分一般疑问句Is/Was it被强调部分that/who句子其他成
40、分？特殊疑问句特殊疑问词is/was itthat句子其他成分？not . until句型的强调句It is/was not until被强调部分that句子其他成分名师点津判断是否为强调句型的方法：若去掉it is/was和that/who之后，该句子仍然完整，则为强调句型，否则就不是。强调句型结构经常与其他从句混合考查，因此要分析句型结构，判断是否是强调句型中的that之后再确认答案。It is on the farm where we worked together that we got to know each other.我们是在我们一起工作的农场逐渐认识彼此的。分析：where引
41、导定语从句，修饰farm，后面的that是强调句型中的that，该句强调的是地点状语on the farm。即时练3单句语法填空You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel the coach picks up tourists.It was when we were returning home I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.People all over the world wondered what it was r
42、esulted in the terrible accident.答案：thatthatthat单句写作句式升级直到作为交流生去了美国他才意识到学好英语的重要性。a普通表达：He he went to America as an exchange student.b高级表达： he went to America as an exchange student . (强调)c高级表达：Not until he went to America as an exchange student . (倒装)答案：a.didnt realize the importance of learning Eng
43、lish well untilbIt was not until; that he realized the importance of learning English wellcdid he realize the importance of learning English well4 . it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face . (P2)翻译 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚(1)(2)It is (high/about) time that “该做某事了；是时候做某事
44、了”。从句谓语用did或should do。它的同义句式：It is (high/about) time for sb. to do sth.即时练4单句写作那是父亲第一次在紧急时刻依靠我。That was the first time that Dad on me in a moment of emergency.这是约翰第二次举办画展了。Its the second time that John an art exhibition.你该打扫自己的房间了。Its about time you your room.答案：had depended/reliedhas heldcleaned/sh
45、ould clean直接引语和间接引语()陈述句的间接引语直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，多数情况下都构成一个由that 引导的宾语从句(口语中that可以省去)，引述动词通常是say，tell等。与此同时，间接引语中的人称、时态和其他方面也要相应地有所变化(若直接引语为客观真理或事实，则变为间接引语时无需改变时态)。She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.”She told her son that she would check his homework that night.她对她儿子说她那天晚上要检查他的作业。疑问
46、句的间接引语1一般疑问句一般疑问句改为间接引语时，要用陈述语序，并要加连词if或whether，在句中的语义为“是否”，其主句动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, didnt know等。句末用句号。My teacher asked me，“Do you like American country music？”My teacher asked if/whether I liked American country music.我的老师问我是否喜欢美国乡村音乐。2否定的一般疑问句和选择疑问句如果直接引语为否定的一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，用whether . or连接。S
47、he said, “Dont you know my telephone number？”She asked me whether I knew her telephone number or not.她问我是否知道她的电话号码。即时练.单句语法填空1 you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?Yes. They are happy with it.答案：Did2She asked me I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted
48、that I hadnt.答案：whether/if3Hes been informed that he (not qualify) for the scholarship because of his academic background.答案：doesnt qualify4The teacher said that light (travel) much faster than sound.答案：travels5I failed again, but my parents encouraged me and told me that failure (be) the mother of
49、success.答案：is.句型转换1An English teacher asked his students, “Are you interested in my lessons？”An English teacher asked his students were interested in lessons.答案：if/whether they; his2The girl said to me, “I have left my book in your room.”The girl told me that she her book in my room.答案：had left3He s
50、aid to me, “Whats your name？”He asked me my name .答案：what; was4Li Hua said, “Ill do it after class.”Li Hua said that after class.答案：he/she would do it5Mr Green asked, “Jack, did you see the film yesterday？”Mr Green asked Jack whether he had seen the film .答案：the day before基础达标演练.单句语法填空1The astronaut
51、s will suffer a carbondioxide headache when they exercise in one place for a long time.答案：from2For a hit show, profits can add up millions of dollars.答案：to3Once, while (work) overnight at a store, he let a homeless man sleep in his truck.答案：working4 was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed t
52、he Atlantic that Zheng He had sailed to East Africa.答案：It5It was the first time that I (leave) my parents.答案：had left6Dave went his pockets looking for the keys.答案：through7How did you pass the challenging test?It was a long time I found a series of suitable methods.答案：before8 (concern) about the stu
53、dent, the teacher called his parents to find out why he was so often absent from class.答案：Concerned9A fly kept the boy. He was so that he the cup on the desk. (upset)答案：upsetting; upset; upset10Weve had a few (disagree), but were still good friends.答案：disagreements.单句改错1She gladly gave up her partti
54、me job to devote herself entire to her art. 答案：entireentirely2Many young adults disagree their parents on most things because of the generation gap. 答案：disagree后加with3He said that he havent heard from his parents those days. 答案：haventhadnt4That is the last time that he had talked with his father fac
55、e to face. 答案：hadhas或iswas5Jack asked Jane when she will leave for London yesterday. 答案：willwould.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1李明过去经常为一些小事而心烦不能冷静。(be upset about; keep calm) 答案：Li Ming used to be upset about some small things and couldnt keep calm.2老师们很关心他，多次和他面对面地交谈。(be concerned about; face to face) 答案：The teac
56、hers are concerned about him and often talk with him face to face.3现在，他再也不扰乱同学们了，并经常加入到他们当中来解决一些问题。(no longer; join . in .; settle) 答案：Now, he no longer disturbs his classmates and often joins them in settling some problems.4他和同学们现在相处得很好。(get along with) 答案：He is getting along well with his classmat
57、es now.5在我看来，正是老师的爱和关心完全改变了他。(as far as sb. be concerned; it is . that; entirely) 答案：As far as Im concerned, its the love and concern from the teachers that has changed him entirely.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Li Ming used to be upset about some small things and couldnt keep calm. The teachers are co
58、ncerned about him and often talk with him face to face. Now, he no longer disturbs his classmates and often joins them in settling some problems. As a result, he is getting along well with his classmates now. As far as Im concerned, its the love and concern from the teachers that has changed him entirely.
