1、Section Learning about Language & Using Language根据提示写出下列单词1_n万有引力；重力2_adj. 温和的；文雅的3_n. 气候4_vi.& vt. 碰撞；坠落5_n& vt. 拉(力)；拖；牵引力6_vi.&vt. (使)浮动；(使)漂浮 n. 漂浮物【答案】1.gravity2.gentle3.climate4.crash5pull6.float根据提示补全下列短语1_ a result结果2cheer _ 感到高兴；感到振奋3now _ 既然4get the hang _ 熟悉；掌握；理解5break _ (战争、火灾、疾病等的) 突发；
2、爆发6watch out _ 密切注意；当心；提防【答案】1.as2.up3.that4.of5.out6.for根据提示补全下列教材原句1Last month I was_lucky_enough_to have a chance to make a trip into space with my friend Li Yanping，an astronomer.我的朋友李彦平是一位宇航员。上个月我有幸有机会同他一道去太空旅行。2When we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not
3、 be as_strong_a_pull_as the earths.当更接近月球时，我们就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。3But when I tried to step forward，I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。4“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now_that gravity has
4、changed.”我大声说：“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”阅读P30P31教材课文，并从四个选项中选择最佳答案1The passage mainly talks about_.Awhat the moon isBmy visit to the moonCthe differences between the earth and the moonDLi Yanping，my friend，who is an astronaut2When we were going up，we felt_.Awe were pressed against our seatsBwe were ligh
5、ter than we were on the earthCas if we were flyingDthe rocket was shaking strongly3Why CANT the spaceship fall back to the earth?ABecause the moons gravity pulls it up.BBecause it is too far away from the earth.CBecause the earth has no gravity.DBecause the spaceship is not very heavy.4When I was on
6、 the moon I felt I was _than on the earth.AslowerBheavierCclevererDlighter【答案】14BABD阅读P30P31教材课文，在下列表格的空白处填入一个最恰当的单词Last month，I made a trip into 1._with my friend Li Yanping，a(n)2._.The following are our experiences.PeriodsOur experiencesThe journeyfrom the earth to the moonThree changes in the for
7、ce of the gravity：With the rocket rising into the air，we were 3._back into our seats because of the strong 4._of the earths gravity.The 5._lessened as we moved far away from the earth.When getting closer to the moon，we felt pulled by the moons 6._，but it was not as strong as the earths.On the moonWe
8、 weigh 7._than on the earth.While trying to step forward，I found I was carried 8._as far as on the earth.It took a bit of 9._to walk on the moon.Returning to the earthLeaving the moons gravity was less 10._than leaving the earths.Returning to the earth was very 11._because fire broke out on the outs
9、ide of the spaceship as the earths gravity 12._.We were pushed hard into our seats again when we came back to land.【答案】1.space2.astronomer3.pushed4pull5.weight6.gravity7.less8.twice9practice10.painful11.frightening12.increased block out挡住(光线)；不去想(回忆)(教材P29)As a result of this event，a great dust clou
10、d formed in the sky blocking out the sunlight.正因为这一事件，天空中形成了一团巨大的尘云，挡住了阳光。block off封闭；封锁(道路)；关闭block ones way 挡住某人的路block up 阻塞；阻挡The gas pipe has been blocked off to prevent escapes.煤气管道已经关闭，以防漏气。Your bike has blocked_my_way，but could you move it away?你的自行车挡了我的路，请你移开点好吗？ pull n& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力(教材P30
11、)As the rocket rose into the air，we were pushed back into our seats because we were trying to escape the pull of the earths gravity.随着火箭的升空，由于我们在努力挣脱地球的引力，我们被向后推在座位上。The little girl pulled her mothers clothes and told she wanted to go.这个小女孩拉了拉妈妈的衣角，告诉妈妈她想走。pull off脱(衣、帽等)pull through 康复；完成；使渡过难关pull
12、 in (火车)进站；(船)靠岸；驶向路边停靠pull up 停车；停住pull out 离站；抽出；拔出I didnt notice the train had already pulled in.我没有注意到火车已经进站了。The driver pulled up at the gate of our school.司机把车停在我们校门口了。图形助记推 push拉 pull cheer up感到高兴；感到振奋；高兴起来；振奋起来(教材P31)I cheered up immediately and floated weightlessly around in our spaceship c
13、abin watching the earth become smaller and the moon larger.我立刻感到很高兴，由于失重我在太空舱里飘来飘去，我望着(身后的)地球越来越小，而(前方的)月球越来越大。 I tried to cheer her up by telling her the good news.我把这个好消息告诉了她，想使她高兴起来。(1)cheer on为鼓气；向喝彩(2)cheerful adj. 快乐的；兴高采烈的cheerless adj. 阴郁的；不快乐的cheering adj. 使人振作/高兴的cheers int. (用于祝酒)干杯To our
14、 friendship and health，cheers!让我们为我们的友谊和健康，干杯！We did our best to cheer him on when he was about to give up.当他将要放弃时我们尽力鼓励他。语境助记The cheering news made the cheerless boy cheerful，which made his parents cheer up too.这个令人兴奋的消息使得这个不愉快的小男孩高兴起来，他的父母亲也感到高兴。 break out突发；爆发(教材P31)We watched，amazed as fire brok
15、e out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，随着地球引力的增加，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火来。break away from脱离/挣脱break down 出故障；坏掉；失败；(健康等)垮掉break in 插话；插入break into 破门而入break through 冲破；突破break up 粉碎；解散；结束If you go on working like that，you will break down sooner or later.如果你继续像那样工作的话，你迟早会累垮
16、的。A thief broke into my house and stole my necklace.一个小偷闯进我家偷走了我的项链。语境助记When the fire broke out，my wife nearly broke down.Immediately I broke into the house and broke through the thick smoke to find my daughter；finally we successfully broke away from the burning building.当大火燃烧时，我的妻子几乎崩溃，我立即破门而入，并且冲破
17、重重浓烟去寻找我的女儿；最后，我们成功逃离这燃烧的大楼。.语境填词1She held the baby _(gentle)2When he looked up while walking，he noticed that a beautiful white cloud was _(float) in the sky.3The boy has great interest in animals and wished to be a _(biology)4The horse was _(pull) a heavy cart.5The great financial scheme _(crash) i
18、n the small country last year.【答案】1.gently2.floating3.biologist 4pulling5.crashed.选词填空now that，get the hang of，break out，break through，cheer up，watch out for，as a result，pull in1._the weather is fine，lets go for a picnic. 【导学号：97770025】2Much as I tried，I simply couldnt_driving skills.3I think you sh
19、ould _that mandont be cheated by him.4When Premier Li Keqiang turned up，all the students _.5After he left this country，the war_.【答案】1.Now that2.get the hang of3.watch out for4.cheered up5.broke out (教材P31)When we get closer to the moon，we shall feel its gravity pulling us，but it will not be as_stron
20、g_a_pull_as the earths.当更接近月球时，我们就会感到月球的引力在拉我们。但是，月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。【要点提炼】句中as strong a pull as the earths属于“asadj.a/ann.as”结构，意为“像一样的”，其中的名词必须是可数名词的单数形式，此结构用于否定句中可用“not so/as.as.”结构。I want to own as large a house as hers.我想拥有一所像她的那样的大房子。His bedroom is not as/so neat as his elder sisters.他的卧室没有他姐姐的整洁。
21、Youve made as_many_mistakes_as I have.你犯的错误和我犯的一样多。 (教材P31)But when I tried to step forward I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.而当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出很远，步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍，因而我摔倒了。【要点提炼】twice as far as是倍数的一种表达方法。Beijing is ten times the size of my hometown.北京是我家乡的十倍大。In our cou
22、nty now the grain output is six times that of before liberation.现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。The room is 4 times as_large_as that one.The room is 4 times larger_than that one.The room is 4 times the_size_of that one.这个房子是那个房子的四倍大。 (教材P31)“Oh dear，”I cried，“walking does need a bit of practice now_that gravity
23、 has changed.”“天哪，”我大声说：“重力改变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”【要点提炼】now that引导原因状语从句。now that既然，由于，是连词词组，引导原因状语从句，表示明显的原因或既成的事实。口语中that常可省略。其他表示原因的连词或介词短语：because因为(语气较重，常用于回答why的疑问)since因为；既然(可与now that互换)as因为(语气较弱)for因为(并列连词，引导一个分句，不能置于句首，表示进一步补充说明)due to，because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to，as a result of
24、等Now that the children know，we can tell everyone else.既然孩子们知道了，我们就可以告诉其他人了。Since it is late I shall go home now.由于天色已晚，现在我该回家了。It must have rained last night，for the ground is wet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。Before we left，Li Yanping explained to me that the force of gravity would change three times on our jour
25、ney and that the first change would be the most powerful.【分析】本句中before we left是一个时间状语从句。主句Li Yanping explained.中含有两个that引导的宾语从句。【翻译】在启程之前，李彦平向我解释说，在我们的航行中会有三次引力的变化，而第一次将会是最强的。1一句多译这条河是那条河的三倍宽。The_river_is_three_times_as_wide_as_that_one.The_river_is_three_times_wider_than_that_one.The_river_is_three
26、_times_the_width_of_that_one. 【导学号：97770026】2完成句子尽管这并不是像我们期盼的那样好的一本书，但是仍然值得读一读。Though this is _ as we expected，it is still worth reading.他和他的哥哥一样聪明。He is _ his brother.我和他得到一样多的信息。I got _ he did.既然你在这里，为什么不喝一杯呢？_ youre here，why not have a drink? 【答案】not as a good bookas clever asas much information
27、asNow that学业分层测评.单句语法填空1Pakistan came into _(exist) as an independent country after the war.2She was always _(gently) with the children in the kindergarten，never hitting or scolding them.3As we all know，Qian Xuesen is a famous_(physical) in the world.4After a long journey，the children were all_(exha
28、ust)5The young woman was interested in _(biologist)when she was in the university.6The train _(pull) into the station and the passengers got off one by one.7A great dust cloud formed in the sky blocking _ the sunlight.8The doctor told her to watch out _ the symptoms of measles.9The fans cheered _ wh
29、en they saw their favorite star.10How the big forest fire has broken _ remains to be a mystery.【答案】1.existence2.gentle3.physicist4exhausted5.biology6.pulled7.out8.for9up10.out.完成句子1这本词典不如你想象的那样有用。This dictionary is_you think.2当习主席出现时，所有的学生都高兴起来。When Chairman Xi turned up，all the students_.3既然你已是个大学生
30、了，就应当学着独立。_，you should learn to be independent.4她买了能挡住光线的厚窗帘。She bought a heavy curtain _ the light.5我们的新图书馆是旧图书馆的四倍大。Our new library is _the old one.【答案】1.not as/so useful as2.cheered up3Now that you are a college student4.to block out5.four times larger than.阅读理解AAgainst the supposition that fores
31、t fires in Alaska, Canada and Siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.This finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases ma
32、y warm the climate in northern regions.Usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade.Scientists predict that with climate warming，fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season.Sunlight taken in by the earth tends to ca
33、use warming，while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.This is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate.Earlier studies by other scientists had suggested that fires in northern regions sped up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning
34、 trees and plants were released into the atmosphere and thus trapped heat.Scientists found that right after the fire，large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming.Ozone (臭氧) levels increased，and ashes from the fire fell on faroff sea ice, darkening the surface and causi
35、ng more radiation from the sun to be taken in.The following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire，because fewer trees covered the ground.Snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space，leading to cooling.“We need to find out all possible wa
36、ys to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，”scientists said.They tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature.Typically, fire in northern regions
37、 occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years.Scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently，more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results.Specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soa
38、ked_up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space.The net effect is cooling.Watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.1According to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _.Are
39、sult in a warming climateBcause more forest firesClead to a longer fire seasonDprotect the forests there【解析】细节理解题。文章第二段第一句说，为了限制温室气体的排放而采取措施预防北方森林大火，反而会导致北方地区气候变暖。因此A项正确。B项和C项都是由气候变暖引起的；D项在文中并未说明。【答案】A2The following are the immediate effects after a forest fire EXCEPT _.Alarge amounts of greenhouse
40、gases enter the atmosphereBthe levels of ozone which is a type of oxygen increaseCsnow on the ground mirrors more sunlight back into spaceDashes from the fire fall on the ice and darken the surface【解析】细节理解题。由文章第四段前两句可知，火灾发生后，大量的温室气体进入大气层，臭氧增多，灰烬落到远方的冰山上，把冰面弄黑。这都是发生火灾后会立即出现的情况。由第四段最后两句可知，地面上的雪折射更多的太阳
41、光返回大气层，在第二年的春天才会发生，故选C项。【答案】C3Earlier studies about northern forest fires _.Ahad analyzed all aspects of how northern fires influenced climateBhad indicated that forest fires would pollute the atmosphereChad suggested that people should take measures to protect environmentDhad suggested that the fir
42、es would speed up climate warming【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句可知D项正确。【答案】DB 【导学号：97770043】My grandparents were married for 50 years, and played their own special game the time they had met each other.The goal of their game was to write the word “shmily” in a surprise place for the other to find.They took turn
43、s leaving “shmily” around the house, and as soon as one of them discovered it, it was their turn to hide it once more.They dragged “shmily” with their fingers through the sugar and flour containers to await whoever was preparing the next meal.“Shmily” was written in the steam left on the mirror afte
44、r a hot shower, where it would reappear bath after bath.There was no end to the places where “shmily” would pop_up.Little notes with “shmily” were found on car seats, or taped to steering wheels.The notes were put inside shoes and left under pillows.This mysterious word was as much a part of my gran
45、dparents house as the furniture.It took me a long time before I could fully appreciate my grandparents game.Skepticism(怀疑论)has kept me from believing in true love.However，I never doubted my grandparents relationship.It was based on passionate(热诚的)affection which not everyone was lucky enough to expe
46、rience.But there was a dark cloud in my grandparents life：my grandmother had breast cancer.The disease had first appeared ten years earlier.As always，Grandpa was with her every step of the way.He comforted her in their yellow room, painted that way so that she could always be surrounded by sunshine,
47、 even when she was too sick to go outside.But one day Grandma was gone.“Shmily”It was written in yellow on the pink ribbons of my grandmothers funeral bouquet(花束)When the funeral was finished, Grandpa stepped up to my grandmothers coffin (棺材) and began to sing to her.Through his tears and grief, the
48、 song came：shmily See How Much I Love You.【语篇解读】我的祖父母结婚已逾半个世纪，然而这么多年来，他们彼此不知疲倦地玩着一个特殊的游戏：在一个意想不到的地方写下“shmily”这个词留待对方来发现。4According to the passage, where may the word “shmily” be found?ain the flour containersbon the mirrorcon the sheet of toilet paperdon pillowseon the furnitureAa，bBb，cCa，dDb，e【解析】细
49、节理解题。根据第一段中的“They dragged shmily with their fingers through the sugar and flour containers to await whoever was preparing the next meal.Shmily was written in the steam left on the mirror after a hot shower”可知答案。【答案】A5The underlined phrase “pop up” in Paragraph 1 means “_”AappearBchangeCsurviveDwork【
50、解析】词义猜测题。“shmily”出现的地方永远都不会终止。pop up“出现”。【答案】A6According to the passage, the author _.Athought the game was meaninglessBbelieved everyone could experience true loveCdoubted the existence of true love at firstDsometimes left “shmily” around the house【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Skepticism(怀疑论)has kept me from b
51、elieving in true love.”可知答案。【答案】C7Grandpa tried to make grandma comfortable by _.Asinging songs to her every dayBpainting the room yellowCencouraging her to go outsideDhelping her take a hot shower every day【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He comforted her in their yellow room，painted that way so that she could al
52、ways be surrounded by sunshine”可知答案。【答案】B.阅读填句_1_You will find that many Canadians will smile at you as they pass in the street, or say something to you like “Hi！” or “How is it going？”Just answer with something similar.In the UK the answer would be “Im fine，” but in Canada they say “Im good.”In com
53、pany, when someone is offering you a second helping of food or more wine, if you dont want any more, use the same expression“Im good.”_2_ Most Canadians dont force you to eat more than you want.In a restaurant, your plate will be cleared away almost immediately you have finished eating._3_ It is the
54、ir way of being friendly and making conversation with the customers.Canadians eat early and go home early.When you are invited to a Canadians home, you may be asked to arrive at 5：30 pm or 6 pm._4_Remember to take off your shoes and leave them inside the door without being asked.In winter, there can
55、 be a lot of snow and dirt on your shoes.Once you are in the warm house, it melts (融化) and falls off, making a mess.Canadians tend to have light coloured carpets or hardwood floors.If youre invited for dinner, it will be a full sitdown meal._5_ Arrive on time and dont stay over 10 pm.ACanada is a be
56、autiful country with a long history.BDo take something with you, like a bottle of wine.CDont be surprised when strangers talk to you in Canada.DYou must welcome the guests by saying “Good evening.”EIn this case, it means “No, thank you.Ive had enough.”FBut guests in Europe are not expected to arrive until 7：30 pm.or 8 pm.GWhen you go into a shop, the shop assistants will ask if they can help you.【答案】15CEGFB
