1、Section Welcome to the unit & ReadingLanguage points puzzled adj. 困惑的，茫然的(教材P2)Boy missing，police puzzled男孩失踪，警方茫然(1)puzzling adj.令人迷惑的(2)puzzled adj. 感到困惑的；茫然的be puzzled by/over 对感到困惑look puzzled 看上去困惑be puzzled about 对感到迷惑(3)puzzlement n. 迷惑，费解The students looked at the professor with puzzled look
2、s.学生们带着困惑的表情看着教授。I explained the question carefully，but he still looked puzzled (puzzle)我仔细地解释了这一问题，但他看起来还是很困惑。John was puzzled about what the question meant.约翰不明白那个问题是什么意思。名师点津常见同类用法的词：interest，surprise，astonish，shock，upset，excite，disappoint，please，satisfy，frighten，amaze，convince等意为“使”的动词都属于同一类，以后缀
3、ing结尾的形容词，多表示主语所具有的特征或属性，可译为“令人的”；以后缀ed结尾的形容词，多表示主语所处的状态，一般意为“(本身)感到的”。语境助记The puzzling problem made me puzzled.那令人迷惑不解的问题让我感到困惑。 disappear vi.消失；不见；失踪；灭绝；消亡(教材P2)This incident has received great interest due to reports of strange lights in the sky and of alien visits around the time the boy disappe
4、ared.该事件引起了公众的极大兴趣，原因是有各种关于男孩失踪前后天空中出现奇怪光亮和外星人造访地球的新闻报道。disappearance n消失；失踪appear vi. 出现；看起来appearance n. 出现；外表missing adj. 失去的；下落不明的lost adj. 失去的，迷路的，不知所措的Police are investigating the disappearance(disappear) of a young woman.警方正在调查一位年轻女子的失踪案。My dictionary is missing (miss)Whos taken it away?我的字典不
5、见了，谁拿走了？The parents found the lost (lose) child at last.家长终于找到了迷路的孩子。名师点津disappear与appear均为不及物动词，无被动语态。disappear可用作谓语，表示“消失，不见”；而作表语、定语以及补足语时须用missing，lost等词表示此意。另外，appear 也可用作连系动词，表示“似乎，好像，看来”，后跟adj.或to beadj.或to do.语境助记He appears to be weak when he appears on the stage.当他出现在舞台上时，他显得很虚弱。 witness n目
6、击者；证人vt.见证；目击(教材P2)Witnesses also say they saw Justin walking towards his house at 10：45 pm.目击者也说晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷朝家走去。China has witnessed great changes in different areas of society since president Xi Jinping took office.自从习近平主席执政以来中国见证了很多社会领域的巨大变化。(1)witness to sth./doing sth.为作证(2)be (a)witness to
7、sth. 看见某事发生；证明真实bear/give witness to sth. 为作证；证明某事The police are looking for witness to the accident.警方正在寻找该事故的目击者。Recent years have witnessed(witness) a growing price of daily goods.近年来日用品价格不断上涨。图形助记 assume vt. 认为，假定，认为；(想当然地)认为(教材P3)However，since Mrs Foster thought that Justin was spending the nig
8、ht with a friend，she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream，and sent her back to bed.但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜了，因此她认为凯莉只是做了个恶梦，于是将她打发回床上。assume that.认为，假定assume.to ben./adj. 假设是assuming that. 假定(引导条件状语从句，类似于supposing/suppose that.)We assumed that he would like the present we gave him.我们认为他会喜欢我们给他的礼物。
9、I assumed him to_be (be)an American.我原以为他是美国人。Assuming_ (assume)(that) it is true，what should we do?如果那是真的，我们该怎么办？图形助记Never assume，for it makes an ASS out of YOU and ME.永远不要主观臆断，因为那会使你我成为蠢驴。 occur vi.发生，出现；(想法或主意)出现在脑海中，被想到(教材P3)Mr Foster was working that night on his road construction job，and was n
10、ot home when these events occurred.福斯特先生当晚忙于他的道路建设工作，当这些事件发生时他并不在家。(1)sth.occurs to sb.某人想起某事(2)It occurs to sb.to do sth. 某人想起做某事(3)It occurs to sb.that. 某人想起 It occured to me that I should turn to Mr Li for help.我想到我应该向李老师求助。I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the acciden
11、t occurred (occur)我正沿街寻找停车的地方时，突然发生了事故。When Babbage was working at Cambridge，a new idea occurred to him.在剑桥工作时，Babbage想到了一个新主意。 show up(turn up/appear)出现，现身，露面，出席，到场(教材P3)When Justin did not show up for lunch the next day，Mrs Foster became worried and told her husband to call the police.到第二天中午吃午饭的时候
12、，贾斯廷仍然没有露面，福斯特夫人开始担心了，就让丈夫打电话报警。show off炫耀，卖弄show sb.in 领某人进来show sb.out 领某人出去show sb.around 带某人参观on show 在展览I waited for almost an hour，but she didnt show up.我几乎等了一个小时她也没来。He couldnt help showing (show) off on the tennis court.他禁不住在网球场上卖弄起来。We showed them around our school.我们带领他们参观了我们学校。联想助记同学们想一想，
13、我们还学过哪些由“动词up”构成的短语？bring up抚养；呕吐come up 走进；被提出keep up 保持hang up 挂起(衣服)；挂断(电话)look up 查阅；向上看take up 从事；占据(空间/时间)stay up 熬夜 aboard adv.上(轮船、飞机、火车等)prep.在(轮船、飞机、火车等)上(教材P3)The aliens took me aboard the UFO so that they could do research on me.外星人把我带到不明飞行物上，以便他们能对我进行研究。go aboard上船(飞机等)All aboard! 请上船(飞
14、机、火车等)!Welcome aboard! 欢迎乘坐！The plane crashed，killing all 157 passengers aboard.飞机坠毁，机上157名乘客全部遇难。Dont worry；they were all aboard the ship last night.别担心，他们昨天晚上都已上船了。 case n案子，案件，案例；事实，情况(教材P3).Detective Sam Peterson，who has taken charge of the case .侦探萨姆彼得森负责这起案件as is often the case(这是)常有的事in case(
15、.) 以防，万一in case of 假使，如果发生in any case 无论如何，不管怎样in no casenever 决不in this /that case 如果这样/那样的话In case I (should)forget，please remind me of it.万一我忘了，请提醒我这件事。Can you think of the case where you are locked outside by yourself?你能想起你被自己锁在门外的情况吗？名师点津当case(情况)、condition (条件)、point(境地)为先行词，且需要关系词在后面定语从句中作状语时
16、，关系词常用where /in which。 make up 编造，杜撰；构成(教材P3)Sometimes people make up such amazing stories.有时人们编造一些让人吃惊的故事。写出下列句子中make up的意思 【导学号：98170000】He made up with her two months later.与和好He studied harder to make up the lessons he had missed.补上Ten doctors make up the medical team.组成名师点津make up 作“组成，构成”讲，用于主
17、动句中；在被动句中用be made up of，用整体作主语；consist of 用整体作主语表“包含，含有”。不能用于被动语态。含有make的常用短语：make a face做鬼脸make up for 偿还；弥补make the bed 铺床make sure of 确信；确定make out 辨认出；了解；看清；听清make progress 取得进步make money 赚钱make fun of sb. 取笑某人make it 成功，达到目的make ends meet 量入为出，使收支相抵make sense 讲得通；有意义make sense of 理解；明白How can w
18、e make up for what you have suffered?我们如何才能补偿你所遭受的损害？He was wearing a ragged black overcoat，but she could make out blood on his hands and face.他穿了一件破烂的黑色大衣，但是她能看出他的手上和脸上有血。It doesnt make sense (sensible) to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good.这些便宜的大衣也很好，何必非买那件贵的不可。图形助记be
19、 made from/of由制成 evidence n证据，物证(教材P3)Theres really no hard evidence that aliens took him.事实上并没有确凿的证据证明是外星人劫持了他。(1)in evidence显眼，显而易见call sb.in evidence 传某人作证give evidence against/for 提出对不利/有利的证据There is some/no evidence that. 有/没有证据证明(2)evident adj. 清楚的，明白的，显而易见的evidently adv. 明显地，显然地The police hav
20、e evidence that he is the murder，but they havent caught him.警察有证据证明他是凶手，但是还没抓到他。There is no evidence (evident) that he is innocent at present.目前没有证据证明他是无辜的。It was evident (evidence) to us all that the plan failed.我们大家都清楚这项计划失败了。语境助记It was evident that all the evidence we collected proved him to be g
21、uilty.Evidently，he couldnt win the case.很明显，我们所收集的所有证据都证明他有罪。显然，他赢不了这场官司。 dismiss vt.不予考虑；去除；消除；解雇；免职；使离开；解散(教材P3)While we have not dismissed the idea.尽管我们不排除这种想法dismiss sb./sth.(as sth.)对某人或某物不予理会dismiss sb.from. 把某人从(职位)解雇I think we can safely dismiss their objections.我认为我们对他们的异议完全可以不予理会。Dismissin
22、g (dismiss) her fears，she climbed higher.她排除了恐惧，爬得更高了。She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.她声称自己被无理免职。 look into 调查；向里面看(教材P3)We are looking into other possibilities as well.我们也正在调查其他的可能性。look out注意，留神look back 回顾look up 向上看；查询look after 照顾，关心look down on/upon 瞧不起，轻视The teacher looked
23、 into the classroom through the back door.老师从后门向教室里看了看。The boy is old enough to look after himself.这男孩够大了，能照顾自己了。Its wrong to_look (look) down on/upon the poor.瞧不起穷人是错误的。.语境填词用所给单词的正确形式填空1This is an _ mystery of the natural world, and even the scientists cant give the reasonable _ .(explain) 2It is
24、an _ discovery so we are _ at it；to our greater _，it is a disabled man who made the discovery.(amaze) 【导学号：98170001】3. As soon as the terrible accident happened，in which there were many serious_，ambulances came in a hurry and rushed the _ to the hospital.(injure)4The child _ from his home last month
25、 and the police are looking into his _ .(disappear)5There is no _ to fail，but it is _ that we are behind.(evident)【答案】1.unexplained；explanation2.amazing；amazed；amazement3.injuries；injured4.disappeared；disappearance5.evidence；evident.选词填空due to，look into，step up，make up，occur to，show up，take charge o
26、f，point out1Toms losing job is _ his carelessness.2It never _me that they two got married.3An hour after the robbery happened，the police began to _ the case at once.4Its very unkind of you to _ stories about him.5The competition is coming and we must _ our training to prepare for the race.【答案】1.due
27、to2.occured to3.look into4make up5.step up (教材P2)Witnesses also say they saw_Justin_walking_towards his_house_ at 10：45 pm.目击者也说，晚上10点45分他们看到贾斯廷正往回家的方向走。【要点提炼】本句中含有“感官动词(see)宾语宾补”结构：saw Justin walking towards his house，宾补由现在分词短语充当。(1)“感官动词(see)宾语宾补”结构还有：see sb./sth.do sth.看到某人/某物做了某事(全过程)see sb./sth
28、.done看到某人/某事被做(2)用于“感官动词宾语宾补”结构的常见感官动词、短语还有：look at，listen to，hear，smell，observe，find，watch，notice等(3)常见宾补形式现在分词(强调动作正在进行)不带to的不定式(强调动作的全过程，当宾补变为主补时，不定式符号to要加上)过去分词(可表示被动和动作已经完成)I saw him practicing speaking English by the river this morning.今天早上我看到他正在河边练习说英语。She hid in the dark and watched_him_do_t
29、he_dangerous_experiment.她躲在暗处，看他做那个危险的实验。He was noticed to go out of the classroom.他被注意到走出了教室。I found him tied_to_ a tree when I visited him.当我去拜访他时，发现他被绑在一棵树上。 (教材P2)Standing_inside_were lots of strange creatures with white skin and large black eyes.里面站着许多白皮肤、眼睛又黑又大的奇怪生物。【要点提炼】本句的主语为lots of strange
30、 creatures with white skin and large black eyes，因为主语过长，为平衡句子结构，本句采用了完全倒装结构。(1)表示地点的介词短语位于句首倒装时，要注意谓语动词与后面主语在人称和数上保持一致。此类谓语动词有：lie，stand，live，sit，be，come，go等。(2)表示方向、地点和时间的部分副词位于句首，且句子主语为名词时，句子用完全倒装结构。此类副词有：away，off，in，out，up，down，then等。At the school gate sat some parents，waiting to see their childre
31、n.许多父母坐在校门口，等着看望他们的孩子。Walking at the front was_our_teacher. 走在前面的是我们的老师。In came the boy with a ball in his arms.那个男孩抱着一个球进来了。In he came，following some kids.他进来了，后面跟着几个小孩。名师点津当句子主语为代词时，只把表示方位或方式的副词提前，主谓不倒装。 (教材P3)When_asked about the possibility that Justin was taken by aliens，Detective Sam Peterson，
32、who has taken charge of the case，told journalists.当被问及贾斯廷被外星人劫持的可能性时，负责此案的侦探萨姆彼得森告诉记者【要点提炼】本句中When asked about the possibility.是状语从句的省略，完整的句子是When Detective Sam Peterson was asked about the possibility.在when，while，if，as if，although/though，as，until, once，whether，unless等引导的状语从句中，如果其谓语部分含有be动词，而主语为it或主
33、语与主句的主语一致时，则从句的主语和be动词可以一起省略。Work hard when(you are)young，or youll regret.趁年轻要努力学习，要不然你会后悔的。Dont come in until (you are) asked.不请你，不要进来。While(I_am)reading a book，I often write down some important points in it.当我读书时，我经常记下其中一些要点。Whenever(it_is)possible，you should come and help.不管什么时候只要有可能你就来帮忙。句型转换1Ev
34、en if I am invited to，I wont go to such a bad lecture.Even if _，I wont go to such a bad lecture.2Youd better not eat anything when watching TV.Youd better not eat anything when _.3I found that the machine had been repaired.I found the machine _.4A bridge built two centuries ago is lying across the r
35、iver._ a bridge built two centuries ago. 【导学号：98170002】5Two large portraits hang on the wall._ two large portraits.【答案】1.invited to2.you are watching TV3repaired4.Lying across the river is5.On the wall hangHowever，since Mrs Foster thought that Justin was spending the night with a friend，she assumed that Kelly was having a bad dream，and sent her back to bed.【分析】本句是主从复合句。句中since引导原因状语从句，该从句中thought后是一个由that引导的宾语从句。主句中assumed与sent是并列谓语，其中assumed后接一个由that引导的宾语从句。【翻译】_【答案】但是，福斯特夫人以为贾斯廷在一个朋友家过夜了，因此她认为凯莉只是做了个恶梦，于是将她打发回床上。
