1、 Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions Warming Up Pre-reading,Reading Teaching Goals:1.To learn about the difference between a discovery and an invention 2.To arouse Ss interest in learning about the stages of an invention 3.To develop Ss some basic reading skills.4.To develop Ss ability to discover and s
2、olve the problems and cultivate Ss creativity and imagination.Teaching Procedures:Step 1.Warming Up Purpose:To arouse Ss interest in learning about the difference between a discovery and an invention Get Ss t to guess what the invention is or who the inventor is in groups Question 1:Its made of plas
3、tics and metal.It looks like a small box.The invention can contact someone while you are on the move.Suggested Answer:Mobile phone.Question 2:The inventor is from America.He is one of the father of inventions.The inventor invented the bulb.Suggested Answer:Edison 2.Get Ss to tell as many the inventi
4、ons they know as possible in groups.3.Ask Ss to look at the pictures on P19 and answer the following questions.(1)Which of the pictures is an invention?(2)Which of the pictures is a discovery?4.Get Ss to discuss the difference between the inventions and a discovery and give a definition of them and
5、give some examples of each category.Suggested Answer:An invention is something produced for the first time through the use of imagination or ingenious thinking and experimentation.A discovery merely makes known something that already exists in nature.Step 2.Pre-reading Purpose:To get Ss to be aware
6、of the connection between inventing and the scientific process.1.Let Ss work in pairs and decided what the first and most important stage is to make an invention.2.Ask Ss to finish the exercise of Pre-reading on P19 and then check the answer in pairs.Step 3.Leading-in Purpose:Arouse Ss interest in t
7、he text and encourage Ss to imagine the content of the text.Ask Ss to predict in pairs the content of the text based on the title and pictures.Step 4.Fast reading Purpose:To get Ss to have a brief understanding of the text 1.Ask Ss to read the text quickly and try to get the main idea of the whole t
8、ext.Suggested Answer:The text narrates the problem of the snakes and presents the procedures of catching them and applying for a patent 2.Get Ss to divide the passage and work out the main idea for each part.Part I(Para 1):The discovery of the problem of the snakes.Part II(Para 23):The research on t
9、he approaches to solve the problem.Part III (Para 46):The attempts to catch the snakes.Part IV(Para 78):The requirement of getting a patent.Step 5.Intensive reading 1.Ask Ss to read the text carefully and find out which paragraph or paragraphs deal with each inventing process in the passage and find
10、 the examples:Suggested Answer:Paragraph Stage Example in this story 1 Find a problem The snake must be _removed_ but not_ _hurt_2 Do research Look for _ways_ of removal;the habitat of snakes 3 Think of a creative solution Identify _three_ possible approaches:choose _the last one_ 4,5,6 Test the sol
11、ution several times Try three_ times to make it work _successfully_7 Apply for a patent This means the solution is efficiently2.Ask Ss to work in pairs and try to tell which of the following statements are true and which are false.(1)When the writer called up her mother in the country on the phone s
12、he was very excited.(2)The writer felt very proud that she had a chance to distinguish herself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them.(3)The first thing the writer tried to do was to catch the snakes.(4)The writer decided to remove the snakes habitat.(5)The writer used an i
13、ce-maker、a bowl、some jelly、ice-cubes、a bucket and a net to catch the snakes.(6)After three attempts,the writer finally caught the snakes and sent them into the wild.(7)The writer himself decided to send her invention to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.(8)The criteria are
14、 so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel and are really different from everybody elses.Suggested Answers:(1)F (2)T (3)F (4)F (5)T (6)T (7)F (8)T 3.Ask Ss to take the quiz below and see whether Ss can grasp the details of the text.(1)Why did the writer
15、do so much trap the snakes but not hurt them?A.Because she wanted to eat the snakes.B.Because she planned to apply for a patent.C.Because she obeyed her parents and wanted to test her new idea.D.Because they were poisonous snakes.(2)The writer set about researching the habits of snakes in order to_
16、A.know how to drive them off.B.kill them in the easiest way.C.trap them in the easiest way.D.get on well with snakes.(3)The writer placed a frozen bowl over the snakes habitats because_.A.The snakes were small.B.She knew the snakes were cold-blooded animals.C.She didnt want to be bitten.D.She wanted
17、 to make the snakes passive and caught them easily.(4)Which statement is true according to the text?A.The writer decided to send her invention to the patent office the moment she succeeded catching the snakes.B.The snakes were still as active as before in the first attempt.C.The writer could make a
18、lot of money if she succeed.D.If an application for your product proves to be valid,you can get a patent immediately.(5)According to the text,which subject do you think can be given a patent?A.A new kind of flower found by a botanist.B.A new way to make dirty.air clean C.A new poem written by Mr.Li.
19、D.A.new star discovered by a scientist.Suggested Answers:(1)C (2)C (3)D (4)C (5)B 4.Ask Ss to read the text carefully and try to get more details from the text and then fill in the form.Why the writer tried a new approach There only seemed to be _(1)_designed to kill snakes but her parents would not
20、 like her to _(2)_these living creatures.Three possible approaches Firstly,_(3)_ their habitat Secondly,_(4)_-them into a trap _(5)_male or female perfume or food;Suggested Answers(1)powers (2)hurt .(3)removing (4)attracting (5)using (6)cooling (7)sleepy (8)frozen (9)ice-cubes (10)a large bucket (11
21、)two hours (12)less (13)disappeared (14)placed (15)bucket (16)Overnight;(17)very (18)bite (19)procedure (20)monitored (21)Overnight (22)passive (23)released (25)form (26)application (27)examined (28)18 Thirdly,_(6)_the snakes so that they became_(7)_ and could be easily caught Three attempt She plac
22、ed the_(8)_ bowl over the snakes habitat and the _(9)_on top of the bowl and finally covered the whole thing with_(10)_.Time:_(11)_ Result:The snakes were _(12)_active,but were still too fast and _(13)_ into a hole in the wall.She froze the bowl and ice-cubes again and _(14)_them.Then she covered th
23、e bowl with the _(15)_ Time:_(16)_ Result:The snakes were_(17)_ sleepy,but once picked up,they tried to _(18)_ her She repeated the earlier _(19)_and used a small net and _(20)_carefully.Time:_(21)_ Result:She collected the _(22)_snakes and _(23)_them all back into the _(24)_ The steps of receiving
24、a patent Fill in _(25)_ and file the patent _(26)_with the Patent Office.Being _(27)_.Application will be published _(28)_ months.5.According to the form above,get Ss to retell the text.Step 6.Extension Purpose:To develop Sss ability to discover and solve the problems and cultivate Ss creativity and
25、 imagination.To provide a chance for Ss to apply their creative skills to real tasks.1.Ask Ss to work in groups and answer the following questions.(1)Whats the writing purpose of the writer?Suggested Answer:The writer wants to inform us of the scientific methods to solve present problems so that we
26、students can not only broaden the horizons but become more skilled in discovering and considering carefully the problems in daily life.We are also encouraged by the writer to be creative and hardworking as well as thinking independently.(2)What should we learn from this text?Suggested Answer:We can
27、learn from the text the way of doing scientific researches and how to apply for a patent.We can also learn that it takes an inventor great determination persistence to achieve his or her ambition and persistence to achieve his or her ambition in life.2.Get Ss formed in groups of four and discuss som
28、e inconveniences theyve met in their life.They must imagine an invention to solve these inconveniences.After discussion,fill in the following form.Here are some problems for Ss to choose from and Ss can choose their own problem.Remember to include one change to your invention in case it doesnt work
29、the first time.(This can be done after class.)Problem 1:the apples growing on your apple tree are too high for you to reach them.What can you invent to pick your apples in comfort?Problem 2:You need to make a house but you only have fishing nets and many plastic bottles.How can you solve it?Problem
30、3:You want to catch fish but not hurt them when you do so.Design a fishing rod that will solve this problem.Patent Application Question Form Name of invention Inventors How do you get the idea?Can you describe your invention?(appearance/material/cost/manual,etc.)What is its use?Other information(if
31、necessary)Picture of invention (if necessary)Step 7.Homework 1.Ask Ss to go over the reading text.2.Ask Ss to preview Learning about Language.Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions Vocabulary and Useful Expressions Teaching Goals:1.To enable Ss to master key phrases and expressions 2.To enable Ss to learn
32、how to use these words and expressions Teaching Procedures:Step 1.Language study Purpose:To train Ss listening ability and language capacity.1.Ask Ss to read the text and match Column A with Column B.Column A Column B(1)upset A.standard of judgment (2)distinguish B.substance that has been crushed,ru
33、bbed,or worn to dust(3)powders C.having force in law(4)approach D.trouble;cause(sb)to be disturbed (5)abruptly E.make(oneself)well known;see or recognize the difference(6)valid F.way;path,road(7)criteria G.suddenly;unexpectedly Suggested Answers:(1)D (2)E (3)B (4)F (5)G (6)C (7)A 2.Ss are divided in
34、to small groups and have a discussion.Find out difficult words and expressions and write the words and expressions found on a piece of paper.3.Get students to display their papers by projector,and tick out the most useful words and expressions.call up now and then get rid of set about at the same ti
35、me according to in addition be different from fill in file sth with sb 4Explain some important sentences (1)Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something that would catch snakes but not harm them.(2)The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might he
36、lp me,but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.(3)Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.(4)The criteria are so strict that it is difficult for new ideas to be accepted unless they are truly novel(5)Nor will you receive a patent until a
37、 search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everybody elses.5.Explain some important points(1)call up:ring up 打电话，使回忆起 call back 召唤某人回来；再访；回电话 call for 需要，要求，接（人或物）call in 邀请；请来 call on 拜访（人）；call at 拜访（某地）call off 取消 Ask Ss to use the above phrases to fill in the fo
38、llowing blanks:Lets go to the meeting together,and Ill _you.A.call on B.call at C.call up D.call for The football match was _ on account of the weather.A.call back B.call off C.call in D.call for As soon as he got home,he_ Mr.Wang.A.call on B.call at C.call up D.call for The old photo_ memories of h
39、is childhood.A.call in B.call at C.call up D.call for Suggested Answers:A B C C (2)now and then:sometimes;at times;from time to time;once a while 时而；不时 I see films now and then,but not often.I like to go on a trip now and then.(3)distinguish vt.&vi.辨别；辨认In spite of the haze he can distinguish the hi
40、ll fairly.（常与 from,between 连用）区别；区分 你能区分那两个物体吗？Can you distinguish between those two objects 应当教育孩子分辨好坏。Children should be taught to distinguish right from wrong distinguish oneself 使杰出；使显出特色 这个人因智慧而扬名。The man distinguish himself by his wisdom(4)sleepy 指具有“瞌睡的”，“困乏的”，“贪睡的”，一般用作表语 sleep 睡着的，入睡的，一般放在名
41、词前用作定语，强调睡着不动的状态，可能睡着了，也可能没有。Asleep 睡着的，睡熟的 该词的意思是 fall asleep,表示入睡，表示睡着的状态，一般用作表语，有时也可作补语。Ask Ss to use the above phrases to fill in the following blanks:He was fast _that I couldnt wake him up.The _ man is like the dead.The child was so _;his head was nodding.Suggested Answers:asleep sleeping slee
42、py (5)abruptly adv.突然地，唐突地 拓展：abrupt adj.突然的；意外的 The road is full of abrupt turns.这路有很多急转弯。The meeting came to an abrupt.这会议突然结束了。Our discussion was abruptly curtailed.我们的讨论突然给缩短了。(6)convenient adj.便利的，方便的(不能用人作主语)Will 5 oclock be convenient for you?三点钟对你方便吗？I think it is not convenient for you righ
43、t now.我想这个时候见你恐怕不大合适。(7)in the expectation that:in expectation of 预料要/会有。They closed the windows in expectation of rain.预料会下雨，他们关上了窗户。(8)Only 倒装句型 only 修饰状语，置于句首时，主句要部分倒装；如果 only 修饰句子的主语，则不用倒装。Only in this way can you solve the problem.Only then did he realize his mistakes.Only when the war was over
44、,did I return to my hometown.(9)Nor,not never,seldom,hardly,neither,little 等否定词置于句首，表示强调也引起倒装。Nor was this all,and this was not all.Never have I been to Beijing.Step 2.Consolidation Purpose:To consolidate the words and phrases in the text.1.Ask Ss to finish Ex1 and ex2 of Discovering useful words an
45、d expressions on P23.2.Ask Ss to finish Ex1 of Using Words And Expressions on P63 and then check the answers in pairs.3.Ask Ss to fill in the brackets to complete the passage below,and then ask some Ss to present their answers.Sewing Machine Thomas Saint patented his idea for a sewing machine in Lon
46、don in 1790,_(1)_(连词)the idea was not used.Then a German patented his idea for_(2)_(冠词)sewing machine in 1810,but again nobody was _(3)_(interest)in it.In 1829 a poor tailor in Paris,Barthelemy Thimonnier,invented a machine _(4)_(关系词)worked,and made eight of them.As his prices were cheap,he was give
47、n a big order _(5)_(介词)army uniforms._(6)_(副词)，other tailors broke all eight machines.Thimonnier lost the order but continued to improve his design.He made a new machine in 1848 and this was destroyed too!Then the story continued in the U.S.A.Various machine were patented there in _(7)_(冠词)1850s,but
48、 one machine is known everywhere now:the Singer.Its inventor was I.M Singer,a German immigrant,and his companies.Then in 1865 they were sold for at-home use,the first complex _(8)_(machine)for making things at home.This time the machine was accepted by everyone and the design was not improved for ma
49、ny years,since it was very good Suggested Answers:(1)but (2)a (3)interested (4)that/which (5)for (6)However (7)the (8)machines Step 3.Homework 1.Ask Ss to review all the language points in this period.2.Ask Ss to preview the next period.Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions Listening,Speaking and Writing
50、Teaching Goals:1.To develop Ss speaking and writing ability.2.To enable Ss to use the expression to make a phone.3.To enable Ss to write a letter applying for a position.Teaching Procedures:Step 1.Listening and speaking(2)(Using Language)1.Do some preparations for Writing.Teacher may say,“Do you rem
51、ember the expressions related to making telephone?”Hello,may I speak to?Sorry.He/she is out.Hold the line,please./Hold on,please.Wait a minute,please./speaking.Ill ring him/her up again.Just a moment,please.I cant get through.2.Do more preparations for Writing.Teacher may say,“Do you remember the ex
52、pressions related to answering telephone?”Some useful expressions:Hold the line,please./Hang on,please.Just a moment,please.Im sorry,but this phone is out of order.I cant get through.Sorry.He/she isnt here right now.Can I ring back later?Ill ring him/her up again.I must ring off now because 3.Get Ss
53、 to form groups of three to practise speaking.One is a receptionist,another an engineer,and the third a student.situation:A student wants to apply for a job in James Dysons company.So he brings up one of engineers to ask what kind of person he needs and the engineer answers the questions honestly St
54、ep 2.Writing(Using Language)1.Ask Ss to discuss the following question in groups of four.Suppose you are going to apply for a job in a company,what skills will you tell the interviewer to qualify you?2.Get Ss to write to James Dyson and begin the letter with the address and the date.The beginning an
55、d the ending of the letter:Dear Mr.Dyson,I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.Id be grateful if you would consider employing me in your company.Yours sincerely,(your name)3.Get Ss to know what they should pay attention to.(1)Use the list of skills to make new paragraphs in yo
56、ur letter.(2)For each skill set down any experience you have had,which shows that you are a suitable person.You may be creative in this part of the letter.(3)Finish the letter by mentioning again the skills that you have.(4)End the letter.4.Get Ss to write the letter and exchange their articles and
57、correct the mistakes.They are expected to assess the writing.First,students are supposed to give a general mark with their general impression of the writing.Then they are expected to assess the writing in the three aspects,content language,and organization.Ss have to correct the mistakes or point ou
58、t the mistakes by underlining the words,phrase or sentences with Students are also expected to underline the beautiful words,phrases or sentences with“_”.After the assessment,the groups will discuss how to correct the mistakes.5.The writings with the high levels will be shown on the projector so tha
59、t the whole class can appreciate them.Step 3.Homework 1.Ask Ss to sum up what has been learned in this unit.2.Ask Ss to preview the next unit.Unit 3 Inventors and Inventions Grammar and Useful Structures Teaching Goals:1.To get Ss to have knowledge of this grammar point:the past participle used as a
60、ttribute,predicative and object complement.2.To enable Ss to know the differences between the past participle and ving form Teaching Procedures:Step 1.Presentation Introduce information about some inventions and discoveries using sentences in passive participle.Guide Ss to say the words which are hi
61、ghlighted.Show some related pictures.1.This is the telephone designed in the early time.2.Stephensons“Rocket”was the engine designed for the railways by George Stephenson 3.The structure of DNA was a discovery of Francis Crick and James Watson published in 1953.4.The colour television invented in 19
62、40 made our life more colorful.5.I was excited at the new invention.6.His new invention made all of us surprised.Step 2.Individual work Get Ss to find out the past participle used as attribute,predicative and object complement in the reading text.Part1 Line 1:When I called up my mother in the countr
63、yside on the telephone she was very upset.Part2 Line 1:The first thing I tried to do was to see if there were Products that might help me,but there only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes.Part4 Line 1:I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes habitat and the ice-cubes on top of the bowl fro
64、m the machine.Part6 Line 1:The next morning I carried in my hand a small net used for catching fish.Step 3.Grammar point Purpose:To get Ss to know about the past participle.1.Get Ss to complete the sentences and know about the past participle (1)The(.破损的碗)will be thrown at once.=The bottle which was
65、 broken will be will be thrown at once.(2)The books_ last week(上周买的书)are of high quality.=the books which were bought yesterday are of high quality.。(3)Im interested in reading novels by luxun(.鲁迅写的).(4)(污染的)air and water are harmful to peoples health.(5)The problem（在会议上讨论的）yesterday was very diffic
66、ult to solve.(6)He _(很兴奋)when he heard he had won the first place in the English spoken contest.(7)He found(他的家乡变了很多)(8)What made(这只狗这样害怕)?(9)He wont like such questions(在会上讨论).(10)The manager wont want(一大笔钱浪费掉).Suggested Answers:(1)broken bowl(2)bought (3)written.(4)Polluted(5)discussed at the meet
67、ing(6)became excited_ (7)his hometown greatly changed(8)the dog so frightened (9)discussed at the meeting (10)a lot of money wasted 2.Explain the grammar point for Ss.(1)过去分词做定语：表示分词动作与所修饰的名词之间存在被动关系。单一的过去分词做定语一般防在被修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语做定语放在被修饰的名词之后，过去分词及过去分词短语做定语均可以转换为一个定语从句。(2)过去分词作表语：过去分词做表语，表示主语的状态，且该状
68、态通常是由外界因素引起的。这时过去分词可以被看作一个形容词，是形容词化的过去分词(3)过去分词作宾语补足语：做宾语补足语的过去分词一般是及物动词，和宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。可以带过去分词做宾语补足语的动词有：see,hear,watch,feel,think,find等表示感觉和心理状态的动词。make,get,have,help,leave 等表示“致使”意义的动词。like,want,wish,order 等表示“希望，要求”等意义的动词。3.Practice Purpose:To get Ss to know how to use the past participle through
69、exercises(1)Ask Ss to finish Ex1,Ex2 and Ex3 on P24 and check the answers in pairs.(2)Ask Ss to finish Ex1 and Ex2 on P65 and check the answers in pairs.(3)Get Ss to choose the best answers to the following sentences.He spoke so loud that he made himself _ A.understand B.understanding C.to understan
70、d D.understood -There is a hole in your shirt.-I know.Im going to have it _.A.mend B.mending C.mended D.to be mended As we joined the big crowd I got _from my friends.A.separated B.separating C.lost D.missing English is a language _ all around the world and is the _ language of most international or
71、ganizations.A.to speak,working B.spoken,working C.speaking,worked D.spoken,worked Price of daily goods _through a computer can be lower than store prices.A:are bought B.bought C.been bought D.buying Mr.Smith,_of the _speech,started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring
72、;boring The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _as the plane was making a landing.A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating How to feed a _ population is a problem that is _many countries.A.growing,troubling B.grown,troubled C.growing,troubled D.grown,troubling He found a book _ with
73、the owners name_ on the desk with the back cover _ off.A.marking,lying,torn B.marked,lying,torn C.marked,laid,tearing D.marking,laying,tearing Suddenly,a tall man driving a golden carriage _the girl and took her away,_into the woods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappeared C.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing Suggested Answers:D C A B B A C A B D
