1、专题二 阅读七选五第三节 段尾题(2018全国卷)Before there was the written word，there was the language of dance.Dance expresses love and hate，joy and sorrow，life and death，and everything else in between._36_ We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea to sea.We dance at weddings，birthdays，office parties
2、and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing，”says Lester Bridges，the owner of a dance studio in Iowa.“I cant imagine doing anything else with my life.”Bridges runs dance classes for all ages.“Teaching dance is wonderful._37_ Its great to watch them.For many of them，its a way of meeting people and hav
3、ing a social life.”_38_“I can tell you about one young couple，”says Bridges.“Theyre learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile._39_”So do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better，calmer，healthier？Andrea Hillier says，“Dance，like the pa
4、ttern of a beating heart，is life.Even after all these years，I want to get better and better._40_ I find it hard to stop！Dancing reminds me Im alive.”ASo why do we dance?BDance in the US is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors，come to America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI kee
5、p practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.G They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。跳舞在美国很常见。本文分析了跳舞的好处，解释了人们学习舞蹈的原因，同时表达了自己对舞蹈的热爱。36解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空后的“We dance from Florida to Alaska，from north to south and sea tosea.We dance
6、 at weddings，birthdays，office parties and just to fill the time.”可知，在美国到处都有人跳舞，故 B项符合语境。答案：B37解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法。D 项中的 them指代my older students。空后的两个them也指代my older students。答案：D38解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。由本段中的“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，跳舞可以让原本情绪低落的他们变得开心，故 A 项(那么我们为什么跳舞
7、呢？)符合语境。答案：A39解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。由上句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，他们跳完舞后，精神状态发生了很大的变化。故 F 项(舞蹈似乎完全改变了他们的情绪)符合语境。答案：F40解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。由空后的“I find it hard to stop！”可知 E 项(我即使在极其疲惫的时候，也坚持练习)符合语境。答案：E一、常见命题形式在段落尾部设空为段尾题，用于概括本段内容，常含有总结性的结构词语；或者是承上启下句，把本段同后段连贯起来。二、命题特点
8、通常是结论、概括性语句。与前文是转折或对比关系。与前文是并列或排比关系。所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要确认是否是主题句。通常文章第一段会点明文章的主题句，如果是在段尾，会用一些信号词引出来。在该位置上常出现的信号词有：therefore，as a result，thus，in short，to conclude，in a word 等。段尾题多为总结句，这样可以更快更准确地把握正确答案：一、找关键语句重点阅读空前一、二句，确定关键词。二、确定信号词在选项中查找表结果、结论、总结等的词语，如therefore，thus，in short，to conclude 等。三、注
9、意转折关系利用选项中表示转折或对比的关联词确定选项内容与前文是否对立。四、注意并列关系利用选项中含有并列关系的词，与前文相似句式或词汇复现等解题线索。五、注意上下文的联系如果选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，应考虑下一段的开头句，看是否能与选项衔接。真题例析1(2018全国卷，节选)38.So why do we dance？“I can tell you about one young couple，”says Bridges.“Theyre learning to do traditional dances.They arrive at the class in low spirits and
10、 they leave with a smile._39_”ASo why do we dance?BDance in the US.is everywhere.CIf you like dancing outdoors，come to America.DMy older students say it makes them feel young.EI keep practicing even when Im extremely tired.FDancing seems to change their feeling completely.G They stayed up all night
11、long singing and dancing.39解析：由上句“They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile.”可知，他们跳完舞后，精神状态发生了很大的变化，语义逻辑上是例证关系，概括总结得出问题“So why do we dance？”的答案，故F 项(舞蹈似乎完全改变了他们的情绪)符合语境。答案：F真题例析2(2017 全 国 卷 ，节 选)Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends.If youre tired out by Friday night，sl
12、eeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week，a recent study found._39_AGet a sleep specialist.BFind the right motivation.CA better plan for sleep can help.DAnd consider setting a second alarm.EIf the steps you tak
13、e are working，keep it up.FStick to your set bedtime and wake-up time，no matter the day.GReconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.39解析：根据本段内容可知，即便在周末也要坚持自己的计划，一旦周末违反计划，会影响接下来的一周。本句是对上文的总结，F 项符合语境，意为“无论哪一天都要坚持已设定的睡眠和醒来时间”。答案：FPassage 1(2017全国卷)If anyone had told me three y
14、ears ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping，I would have laughed heartily.Campers，in my eyes，were people who enjoyed insect bites，ill-cooked meals，and uncomfortable sleeping bags.They had nothing in common with me._36_The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant t
15、o be a pioneer._37_We slept in a tent，cooked over an open fire，and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom.This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work，recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was，nevertheles
16、s，talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness._38_Instead，wehad a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life._39_We have done a lot of it since.Recently，we bought a twenty-eight-foot tr
17、avel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set.There is a separate bedroom，a modern kitchen with a refrigerator.The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains._40_It must be true that sooner or later，everyone finds his or her way back to nature.I recommend that you find your way in s
18、tyle.AThis time there was no tent.BThings are going to be improved.CThe trip they took me on was a rough one.DI was to learn a lot about camping since then，however.EI must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.FAfter the trip，my family became quite interested in camping.GThere was no shade
19、 as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者由不喜欢野营到喜欢上野营的过程。作者认为每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式，呼吁大家寻找与大自然相处的方式。36解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。空格前一句说“他们与我没有共同之处”，空格后一段讲述了作者的一次野营，前后之间存在转折关系，所以此处需要填一个承上启下的转折句，这与 D 项中的 however 相呼应。本设空类型为过渡句类。答案：D37解析：解本题可用句意判断法。根据后文的描述“我们睡帐篷，在篝火上做饭，走很长的路去洗澡和上厕所”可知，这次野营比较艰难，这与
20、C 项中的 rough 相对应。本设空类型为段落总结类。答案：C38解析：解本题可用关联逻辑法。根据后文转折副词 instead 后的描述“我们这次有野营车，里面有舒服的床和空调”可知，这次的野营没有帐篷，故选 A 项。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：A39解析：解本题可用词汇锁定法和句意判断法。根据空格后的代词 we 可判断所填句子中应含有复数名词，再结合空格后面一句“从那以后我们进行了很多次野营”可判断应选 F 项“这次野营后，我的家人都对野营相当感兴趣了”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：F40解析：解本题可用设题位置法。根据整篇文章的行文思路来看，此处应填一个总结升华的句子，结合空格后
21、面一句“每个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式”可判断选 E 项。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：EPassage 2(2017全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning，and put the blame on the alarm clock.In fact，the key to easy morning wake-up lies in resetting your body clock._36_Heres how to make one._37_In order to make a change，you need to dec
22、ide why its important.Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family，get in some exercise，or just be better prepared for your day？Once you are clear about your reasons，tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.Rethink mornings.Now that you know why you want to
23、 wake up，consider re-arranging your morning activities.If you want time to have breakfast with your family，save some time the night before by setting out clothes，shoes，and bags._38_Thats a quarter-hour more you could be sleeping if you bought a coffee maker with a timer.Keep your sleep/wake schedule
24、 on weekends.If youre tired out by Friday night，sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful.But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week，a recent study found._39_Keep a record and evaluate it weekly.Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel.A
25、fter youve tried a new method for a week，take a look at your record._40_If not，take another look at other methods you could try.AGet a sleep specialist.BFind the right motivation.CA better plan for sleep can help.DAnd consider setting a second alarm.EIf the steps you take are working，keep it up.FSti
26、ck to your set bedtime and wake-up time，no matter the day.GReconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。很多人觉得早上起床很困难并将其归咎于闹钟。其实，要想早上轻松起床，关键是要调整自己身体的生物钟。具体如何做呢？一起来看看作者给出的锦囊妙计吧！36解析：解本题可利用句意判断法。空前提到要调整身体的生物钟，那么如何调整呢？空后的“Heres how to make one.”中 one 又指什么呢？浏览各选项，只
27、有 C项“一个更好的睡眠计划会有所帮助”符合上下文语境。本设空类型属于过渡句类。答案：C37解析：解本题可利用设题位置法。显然，该空应填本段的主题句。由本段中的“为了作出改变，你需要决定为什么它很重要”及“一旦你清楚了自己的理由”等描述可知，你要想清楚为什么要早起，故选 B 项“找到合适的动机”。本设空类型属于段落主题句类。答案：B38解析：解本题可利用词汇锁定法。由空后的“bought a coffee maker”可锁定 G 项“重新考虑你用在咖啡馆排队买咖啡的 15 分钟”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：G39解析：解本题可利用句意判断法。由本段首句可知本段主题是“在周末要坚持(执行)你的睡觉和起床时间表”，与此主题符合的只有 F 项“坚持你设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”。本设空类型属于段落总结类。答案：F40解析：解本题可利用关联逻辑法。本段讲的是每周要记录并评价你的计划，如果有效，就继续坚持，如果无效，就看看其他你可以尝试的方法。由空后的 If not也可直接锁定 E 项。本设空类型属于细节理解类。答案：E
