1、寒假精练1必修五 Unit1-Unit2基础重温一、单句语法填空1. All _(suspect) must stay here and get investigated.2. We come finally to the _(conclude) that she has been telling lies all the time.3. Be _(caution) about certain so-called experts making claims about how to be healthy.4. Environmental _(pollute) has become a seri
2、ous issue of international concern since the start of the Industrial Revolution.5. Li Huas father is a _ teacher and his mother is a _. (physics)6. A _ is a person who studies _ and they use _ method to solve problems. (science)7. The library _(divide) into three different zones.8. The Apollo progra
3、m was not so much a scientific achievement as a technical _. (accomplish)9. This girl gave a vivid _(describe) of the event.10. TV doesnt take the place _ reading for most children.11. Tom takes great delight _ writing.12. Come and see me _ your convenience.二、单项选择1. The famous actor personally _ $50
4、0 million to the quake-hit areas.A. controlled B. conducted C. contributedD. constructed 2. The doctor told him not to leave his wound _.A. exposed B. to expose C. to be exposed D. exposing3. Most people didnt accept the theory when it was first_.A. set aboutB. set off C. put forward D. put out4. Yo
5、ur son is naughty. Eh, and in addition, he has got into some bad habits. I think I should _.A. cure them of him B. cure him of them C. cure them off him D. cure him off them5. When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in his chair, completely _ in a book he was reading.A. absorbed B. losing
6、C. attracted D. addicted6. He accepted the suggestion that the task _ the next day.A. be finished B. could be finishedC. would be finished D. will be finished7. It is said that body language _ 55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.A. lies inB. accounts forC. consists of
7、D. goes with8. I would like to _ this book _ all those who are interested in traveling.A. recommend, to B. prefer, to C. refer, to D. deal, with9. Those people were quarreling with each other because the loot(赃物) was not _ equal shares.A. divided from B. divided into C. separated into D. separated f
8、rom10. Id like to talk with you about the new car, Fred. _ Talk with me about what?A. I apologize. B. Pardon? C. No way. D. Good idea.三、完成句子1.这个女孩真厉害，除了会说英语外，还会说几种外语。The girl is really smart. She can speak _ English.2. 专家认为这种病与饮用了被污染的水有联系。Experts believe that the disease _ the polluted water.3. 你的头发
9、很长了，明天必须去理发。You hair is very long. You must _tomorrow.4. 当无线网络在灾难中出故障的时候，老式电话就派上用场了。Old-fashioned phones matter when wireless networks _ in disasters.5. 那个老人打开抽屉，发现所有的现金都被偷了The old man opened the drawer and _.主题精练四、阅读理解AThroughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their
10、search for the truth.Sir Isaac Newton, the seventeenth century scientist, was very smart, but that didnt stop him from doing some pretty stupid things. In his laboratory in Cambridge he often did the strangest experiments. Once, while testing how light passes through lenses(晶状体), he put a long needl
11、e into his eye, pushed it to the back, and then moved it around just to see what would happen. Luckily, nothing long-lasting did. On another occasion he stared at the sun for as long as he could bear, to discover what effect this would have on his sight. Again he escaped sufferingpermanentdamage, th
12、ough he had to spend some days in a darkened room before his eyes recovered.In the 1750s the Swedish chemist Karl Scheele was the first person to find a way to produce phosphorus(磷). He in fact discovered eight more chemical elements including chlorine(氯), though he didnt get any praise for them. He
13、 was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting a little of every substance he worked with. This risky practice finally caught up with him, and in 1786 he was found dead in his laboratory surrounded by a large number of dangerous chemicals, any of which might have be
14、en responsible for his death.Eugene Shoemaker was a respected geologist. He spent a large part of his life studying craters(火山口) on the moon, and how they were formed, and later did research into the comets of the planet Jupiter. In 1997 he and his wife were in the Australian desert where they went
15、every year to search for places where comets might have hit the earth. While driving in the Tanami desert, normally one of the emptiest places in the world, another vehicle crashed into them and Shoemaker was killed on the spot. Some of his ashes(骨灰) were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector
16、 spacecraft and left therehe is the only person who has had this honor.1. What did Karl Scheele like doing when performing experiments?A. Tasting chemicals.B. Staying in the empty lab.C. Experimenting in darkness.D. Working together with others.2. What special honor was Shoemaker given after his dea
17、th?A. He was buried in the Tanami desert.B. Some of his ashes were placed on the moon.C. One comet of Jupiter was named after him.D. A spacecraft carrying him traveled around Jupiter.3. The text is mainly about three great scientists _.A. special honorsB. great achievementsC. famous experimentsD. su
18、fferings in the jobBFinland is perhaps the most beautiful and mysterious of the countries of northern Europe. Two-thirds of its surface is covered with thick forests. Relative to its size, Finland has more lakes than any other countries. The northern part of this country is inside the Arctic Circle,
19、 where almost no trees can grow because of its cold weather and the people use their deer to transport clothing and food.The Finnish history began in the Middle Ages. In about 1155, Finland was conquered(征服) by its western neighbor Sweden. After a period of rule by Denmark in the 14th century, the S
20、wedes won back independence and power in 1523 under their brave king. During the Napoleonic Wars (18041818), Finland was finally passed from Sweden to Russia. The opportunity came in 1917 when the Russian Revolution brought foreign rule of Finland to the end. Shortly after Soviet Russia made peace w
21、ith Germany, 1919 saw the founding of the Finnish Republic.The years between the First and Second World Wars were years of progress and growing development. Finland is the fifth largest country in Europe, and despite a relatively small population of 5.2 million, the market potential is much greater.
22、 Finland has no coal or oil, and the nations wealth lies in the timber(木材) from its forests, which supplies material for paper and furniture making, and in the electric power from its water. Finland is an excellent gateway to trade with Russia and the Baltic States because of a long history of tradi
23、ng with these markets. Finland has also enjoyed a strong and long-standing trading relationship with Britain, a relationship which was further strengthened by Finlands accession(加入) to the European Union in January 1995.The following are some of the main commercial centres and towns:TownPopulationHe
24、lsinki545,474 (1 January 2013)Espoo213,271 (1 January 2013)Tampere195,468 (1 January 2013)Vantaa178,471 (1 January 2013)Turku172,561 (1 January 2013)Oulu120,753 (1 January 2013)4. From the text, we learn that Finland _.A. lies inside the Arctic CircleB. is next to the countries of northern EuropeC.
25、lies east of SwedenD. is entirely covered with forests and lakes5. In the history, Finland was sequentially ruled by _ in order.A. Sweden, Germany, Denmark and RussiaB. Sweden, Denmark, Sweden and RussiaC. Sweden, Denmark, Russia and GermanyD. Sweden, Russia, Denmark and Russia6. Finland had been un
26、der the control of _ for as long as 100 years or so.A. RussiaB. DenmarkC. SwedenD. foreign countries7. Which of the following is NOT true about Finland?A. Finland is one of the most northerly countries in the world.B. Helsinki, capital of Finland, is the largest city of the country.C. Finland became
27、 one of the members in the European Union in January 1995.D. Finland has more lakes than any other countries in the world.五、短文改错In couple of weeks, well say goodbye to our mother school. How time flies! Now its real hard for me to put my feelings into words. The past three years have been really a w
28、onderful journey with you guys, full with laughter and tears.To make the journey to be safe and fruitful, our great teachers contribute their time, energy, love and the whole heart. Here, we are extremely grateful for all what you, dear teachers, have done for us. That will soon be the time for us t
29、o depart, though unwillingly. And it is not the end. It just means that were going to begin a new journey.Finally, on behalf of all the graduate present here, let me extend our sincere wishes to our mother school and respectable teachers. Thank you! 时时总结一下，进步更快哟！ 答案与解析一、单句语法填空【答案】1. suspected2. conc
30、lusion3. cautious4. pollution5. physics; physician6. scientist; science; scientific7. is divided8. accomplishment9. description 10. of11. in12. at【解析】1.考查动词-ed形式作定语。句意：所有受怀疑的人都必须留在这里接受调查。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，“suspect”与主语“All”之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故此处应用动词-ed形式作后置定语。故填suspected。2. 考查词形转换。句意：我们最终得出结论：她一直在撒谎。根据空前的“the”可
31、知，空处应用名词。故填conclusion。3. 考查词形转换。句意：要小心某些声称要如何保持健康的所谓的专家。空处应用形容词作表语，be cautious about“对谨慎”，为固定搭配。故填cautious。4. 考查词性转化。句意：自工业革命以来，环境污染已成为一个严重的国际问题。根据句意可知，此处应使用名词形式。故填pollution。5. 句意为李华的父亲是一名物理老师，妈妈是一名医生。物理是physics，医生是physician。6. 句意为科学家是研究科学的人，他们运用科学的方法解决问题。科学家是scientist，科学是science，科学的是scientific。7.考查
32、动词语态。句意：图书馆被分成三个不同的区域。“library”和“divide”之间是动宾关系。8.考查名词。technical科技的，是形容词，用于修饰名词。9.考查名词。句意：这个女孩生动地描述了该事件。description of the event事件的描述。10.考查介词。take the place of代替。11.考查介词。take delight in doing sth.热爱做某事。12.考查介词。at ones convenience在某人方便的时候。二、单项选择1.【答案】C【解析】contribute捐献；control 控制；conduct 引导，传导；constru
33、ct 修建。2.【答案】A【解析】leave sth. exposed 使某物处于被暴露的状态。exposed是过去分词作宾语补足语，与宾语是被动关系。3.【答案】C【解析】set about 着手；set off 出发；put forward 提出；put out 扑灭。4.【答案】B【解析】cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的，此句中引申为“纠正某人的坏习惯”。5.【答案】A【解析】be absorbed in 全神贯注于，专心于；也可以用be lost in。此处去掉be，用过去分词作状语，表示状态；attract表示“被吸引”多用“be attracted by”； be ad
34、dicted to表示“痴迷，上瘾”。6.【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。suggestion后的从句应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用should动词原形，其中should可以省略。7.【答案】B【解析】考查短语辨析。lie in存在于；account for说明，引起；consist of包括；go with相伴。句意：据说身体语言占了第一印象的百分之五十五，而你所说的话只占百分之七。故选B。8.【答案】A【解析】考查动词短语辨析。recommend.to推荐；prefer.to更喜欢；refer to提到；deal with处理。句意：我会向喜欢旅游的人推荐这本书。因此选A。9.【答案】B
35、【解析】考查动词词组辨析。句意为：这些贼在因为分赃不均而互相争吵。由后面的“equal shares”可知，此处表示将整体分为几个部分，故用divide.into.；而separate.from.表示“把和分开”之意，不符合语境。10.【答案】B【解析】考查情景交际。通过后句的“Talk with me about what?”可知，没有听清对方的话，所以再请对方再说一遍，故选B。三、完成句子【答案】1. several foreign languages apart from2. is linked to drinking3. have your hair cut4. break down5
36、. found all the cash stolen四、阅读理解A【答案】1-3 ABD【解析】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了历史上几位冒着生命和健康的危险寻找真相的科学家。1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He was a very clever scientist, but his one failing was a curious habit of tasting a little of every substance he worked with.”可知，卡尔舍勒有一个奇怪的习惯他在做实验时喜欢品尝他所研究的化学物质，故A项正确。2. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Some of hi
37、s ashes(骨灰) were sent to the moon aboard the Lunar Prospector spacecraft and left therehe is the only person who has had this honor.”可知，尤金舒梅克死后得到的特别荣誉是他的一部分骨灰被留在了月球上，故B项正确。3. 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“Throughout history scientists have risked their health and their lives in their search for the truth.”可知，
38、本文主要介绍了历史上几位冒着生命和健康的危险寻找真相的科学家，即介绍的是他们在科学研究中经历的苦难，故D项正确。B【答案】4-7 CBAD【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍北欧的国家芬兰。芬兰也许是北欧国家中最美丽、最神秘的国家。它三分之二的土地为茂密的森林所覆盖。按国土面积比例来说，芬兰的湖泊比其他任何国家都多。这个国家的北部位于北极圈内，由于天气寒冷，那里几乎没有树木可以生长，人们用鹿来运输衣物和食物。4. 细节理解题。第二段第二句中的“its western neighbour Sweden”说明了芬兰位于瑞典东面。故选C项。5. 细节理解题。正文第二段介绍芬兰历史。1155年左右，芬兰由
39、瑞典统治，14世纪时由Denmark统治了一段时间，1523年瑞典独立后继续统治芬兰，拿破仑战争期间（18041818）芬兰由俄国接管，1919年芬兰共和国建立。故选B项。6. 细节理解题。从拿破仑战争期间（18041818）开始俄罗斯统治芬兰，到1917年芬兰结束受外国统治的历史，大约有100的年时间，所以选择A项。7. 推理判断题。D项错在对短文首段第三句“Relative(相对) to its size, Finland has more lakes than any other countries.”的断章取义。原句是说相对于芬兰的面积来说，湖的数量多于其他国家。A项需结合地理常识排除
40、，芬兰（事实上有四分之一的面积）位于北极圈，因此处于地球最北端是正确的论断。故选D项。五、短文改错【答案】第一处：在couple前加a第二处：real改为really第三处：have改为has第四处：with改为of第五处：删掉journey后的 to第六处：contribute改为contributed第七处：what改为that第八处：That改为It第九处：And改为But第十处：graduate改为graduates【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在即将毕业之际，表达了对母校、老师和同学的不舍之情，并表达了对老师和母校的感激之情。第一处：考查冠词。句意：再过几周我们就要和母校说再见了。c
41、ouple 是可数名词，a couple of表示“几个”，故在couple前加a。第二处：考查副词。句意：现在我真的难以用语言表达我的感情。修饰形容词hard用副词，故real改为really。第三处：考查主谓一致。和你们在一起这三年是一段美好的旅程，充满了欢笑与泪水。“The past three years”作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，故have改为has。第四处：考查固定搭配。句意参考上题解析，full of表示“充满”，故with改为of。第五处：考查非谓语动词。为了让我们的旅程安全而又富有成果，我们的老师奉献了时间、精力、爱和全部身心。make sb./sth.后加省略to的不
42、定式作宾语补足语，故删掉journey后的 to。第六处：考查时态。句意参考上题解析，动作发生在过去，应该用一般过去时，故contribute改为contributed。第七处：考查定语从句。句意：亲爱的老师，我们非常感谢你们为我们所做的一切。先行词为“all”，应该用关系代词“that”引导这个定语从句，故what改为that。第八处：考查形式主语。句意：尽管不情愿，但我们还是要离开了。此处用“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式，故That改为It。第九处：考查连词。句意：我们就要离开了，但这不是结束。前后是转折而非并列关系，故And改为But。第十处：考查名词。句意：最后，我仅代表所有的毕业生向母校和尊敬的老师们致以诚挚的祝福。graduate是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故graduate改为graduates。
