1、2017届上海市英语十校联考试卷听力（略）II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one w
2、ord that best fits each blank.Lightning BoltUsain Bolt is the worlds fastest man. He first came to the publics attention at the Beijing Olympics in 2008, where he won three gold medals. During that race, he reached a top speed of 43.9 kmph. So, we ask, how does the man (21)_ nickname is “Lightning B
3、olt” run so fast?Usain Bolt was born in Jamaica on 21 August 1986. He was running around at primary school, when a teacher noticed (22)_ talent for sprinting（短跑）. He became one of the best sprinters at his high school even though he didnt train very hard. At the age of fifteen, Bolt was 196 cm tall
4、and he dominated the 2002 World Junior Championships, becoming the youngest person ever (23)_ (win) the 200 metres. He turned professional when he left high school, (24)_ (age) seventeen. During the first couple of years of Bolts professional life, he got a few injuries, but his health soon improved
5、 and he began to win all the major championships. He went from strength to strength, (25)_ (amaze) the world with his speed.So, how does he do it? Bolt says that he is naturally fastjust something he was born (26)_. Hes also got a number of people looking after him and one of the main reasons for hi
6、s success is Norman Peart, his manager. Peart (27)_(look) after Bolt since he was fifteen, working hard to keep him focused.(28)_ you explain it, Bolts performances in Beijing were truly marvellous. Whats more marvellous is (29)_, since then, he has continued to get even faster. In August 2009, he b
7、roke his own record by running the 100 metres in 9.58 seconds. At the (30)_ (fast) point in this race, he ran at an astonishing 44.9 kmph.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need
8、.A. attended B. belief C. classic D. commonly E. crewF. evidence G. further H. origins I. purposes J. rebelledK. relatively Columbus: Myth and RealityEveryone knows the name of Christopher Columbus, and, as with any historical icon, there are as many myths as truths about the man. Take, for example,
9、 the disagreement about his _31_. The Spanish say he was from Spain, and the Italians claim he was from Italy. There is, in fact, some _32_ that he was born in 1451 in Genoa, which is now part of Italy.Columbus became a sailor at an early age and had made journeys as far as Iceland and Guinea before
10、 he made his famous voyage in 1482. Contrary to popular _33_. Columbus didnt sail to the Americas in order to find out whether the Earth was round: at the end of the 15th century almost everyone knew it was round. We do know that he sailed in part to fulfill a religious quest: he saw journeys as a f
11、ulfillment of a divine（神圣的） plan for his life.Of course, the other _34_ known reason for this voyage was that Columbus was looking for a new route to the Spice Islands (now part of Indonesia), and he believed he could reach them by sailing west rather than east. The discovery of the New World was th
12、erefore a(n) _35_ case of “serendipity”（机缘凑巧）. In 1492, when he unexpectedly discovered the Americas, he had been traveling for five weeks and has sailed for 3,000 miles. He thought he had arrived in the East Indies.Columbus left on the voyage of discovery from the south of Spain, with a(n) _36_ mad
13、e up mainly of experienced sailors from the area. He made two _37_ voyages before the end of the century, taking Europeans across to the new lands. On his third voyage in 1498, he also took women to the New World.This third voyage was not a happy one for Columbus. The settlers _38_ against him, and
14、he was unable to send a lot of gold back, so he was arrested and returned to Spain in chains. However, the King and Queen soon apologized, saying there had been a mistake, and Columbus was freed. By this time, 1500, Columbus was not a well man and he died quietly at the age of 55 in Valladolid, Spai
15、n, on May 20, 1506, in his own apartment _39_ by family and friends. He was a(n) _40_ rich man at the time of his death.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phra
16、se that best fits the context.Agree to DisagreeIn a world of 6.5 million opinionated people, arguments are sure to happen. Many people see arguments as an inevitable and negative part of life. Inevitable, yes; _41_, maybe not. Arguments can often lead to positive changeif you argue _42_.Arguing “wel
17、l”“There _43_ is such a thing as a healthy argument,” says Marian Donahue, a human relations professional, San Diego. “In a healthy argument, ones own goal should be to explain the issues in detail, to communicate the upset behind the issues, and to really seek to move forward toward a _44_,” she sa
18、ys. “The minimum goal should be to preserve the relationship well enough to keep _45_ alive.”What not to doNothing _46_ a healthy argument like a personal attack, and personal attacks are a big no-no if you want an argument to end positively. Dina Connolly, a graduate student at Northwestern Univers
19、ity, Illinois, says that when professional relationships start amassing（积累） personal baggage, _47_ arguments are just around the corner.“The structure or wall of professionalism collapses,” Connolly says, “taking down any filters as well. _48_, after an individual interrupted and then corrected me w
20、hile making a public speech, I later ended up in an argument where I completely lost my temper and raised my voice. I was embarrassed, and because my relationship with that person was already so deconstructed and unprofessional, I _49_ with that person directly and unprofessionally in an unfiltered
21、attack.”Dont be _50_ the heatDonahue _51_ that personal issues must be left at the doorbut that doesnt mean arguments wont get heated. “Passion and conflict are _52_ in an argument as long as you keep to the issue,” she says, “Attacking the other person is not useful. That kind of argument closes do
22、wn the _53_ on both sides to keep talking.”By actively listening, many arguments can be _54_ altogether. If you do find yourself in the thick of one, listening with an open mind can bring about a swift _55_ to the argument and perhaps a positive resolution.41. A. sureB. argumentativeC. negativeD. ch
23、anging42. A. confidentlyB. correctlyC. heatedlyD. hesitantly43. A. definitelyB. barelyC. accidentallyD. clearly44. A. tendencyB. destinationC. purposeD. solution45. A. explanationB. communicationC. cooperationD. negotiation46. A. killsB. helpsC. keepsD. starts47. A. heatedB. healthyC. nastyD. fresh4
24、8. A. For instanceB. In additionC. As a resultD. On the other hand49. A. stayedB. foughtC. chattedD. argued50. A. keen onB. bored withC. afraid ofD. eager for51. A. agreesB. deniesC. ordersD. recalls52. A. dependableB. invisibleC. acceptableD. accessible53. A. gratitudeB. impressionC. influenceD. wi
25、llingness54. A. trackedB. avoidedC. undertookD. grasped55. A. paceB. endC. movementD. decisionSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that
26、fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Things changed for Ben Southall when the Australian state of Queensland advertised a job for someone to look after Hamilton Island in the Great Barrier Reef. They knew it sounded like the best job in the world, but the
27、y were surprised when over 35,000 people applied for the job. Then they had to make a difficult decisionwhich person to choose from so many candidates? After a lot of testing and interviewing, they announced 34-year-old Ben Southall from England as the winner. Ben now works for the Queensland Touris
28、t Board and his job is to look after the island and to promote tourism there. Because of the unique nature of the job, the Tourist Board wanted a unique person, with a range of skills and qualities. It was a long interview process, involving a variety of tasks to find out about each candidate. Fitne
29、ss was very important; swimming ability was particularly essential. Ben can swim very well and he also likes running, climbing, diving and mountain biking. It is clear that, physically, he can do almost anything. The ability to communicate was as important as fitness. For the last part of the interv
30、iew process, the final sixteen candidates did various tests and tasks, including talking to TV and radio reporters. The competition was touch and the candidates needed to show what they could do. The interviewers were interested in how the candidates performed in the tasks, how they handled the pres
31、s attention and their ability to write about their adventures in a daily log. The candidates did their best to impress the interviewers and they knew they couldnt make any mistakes at this final stage.Before he went, Ben was confident about his abilities to handle the challenge. He couldnt do everyt
32、hing they asked him in the interview, as he cant speak any other languages, but he felt that his other skills and his personality were impressive. He made a huge effort during the interview process and he was able to convince the interviewers that he was the best person for the job. Even so, he says
33、 he was amazed when he got the job; he couldnt believe it! He hopes to do a good job and promote the island successfully: he has to get to know every part of the island and tell the world about it in numerous media interviews. When you read Bens blogs from his interview tasks, it is easy to see why
34、they chose him. He is funny and easy-going and he will certainly get the attention of any potential tourist to this beautiful place.56. According to the passage, Bens job includes all of the following EXCEPT _.A. knowing Hamilton Island very wellB. going to Hamilton Island once a dayC. being intervi
35、ewed in different mediaD. drawing travellers attention to the island57. During the interview process, the candidates were asked to _.A. go through a fitness trainingB. take part in various TV showsC. write about their own interviewsD. communicate with the press58. Why was Ben chosen for the job?A. H
36、e is easy to get along with.B. He kept his personal blog very well.C. He used to be a swimming champion.D. He can several foreign languages.59. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Hamilton Island gets well protectedB. The funniest job in the worldC. Ben gets dream jobD.
37、Tourism in Australia(B)Preview Sections Before You Read Each chapter consists of three, four, or five sections. These sections focus on shorter periods of time or on particular historical themes. Use the section openers to help you prepare to read. Study the sentences under the headings MainIdea and
38、 Why it Matters Now. These tell you whats important in the material that youre about to read. Preview the Terms & Names list. This will give you an idea of the issues and personalities youll encounter in the section. Read One Americans Story and A Personal Voice within it. These provide one individu
39、als view of an important issue of the time. Notice the structure of the section. Blue heads label the major topics; red subheads signal smaller topics within a major topic. Together, these heads give you a quick outline of the section.60. The passage is most probably found in _.A. a magazineB. a new
40、spaperC. a textbookD. a guidebook61. In which section is a reader most likely to find what a person thinks of a historical event?A. Main IdeaB. Why It Matters NowC. Terms & NamesD. One Americans Story62. Heads are presented in different colours in order to _.A. gives readers a whole picture of the s
41、ectionB. help readers find different kinds of topicsC. attract readers attention, especially young readersD. get readers to identify most important points(C)In 1851, Auguste Comte, the French philosopher and father of sociology, coined the new word altruism as part of a drive to create a non-religio
42、us religion based on scientific principles. He defined it as “intentional action for the welfare of others that involves at least the possibility of either no benefit or a loss to the actor”. At that time, studies of animal behavior and phrenology（颅相学）led him to locate egotistical（自我本位的）instincts at
43、 the back of the brain, altruistic ones at the front.Today, we have a far more sophisticated knowledge of the neurological（神经学的）and biochemical factors that underpin kind behavior. And this science forms the bases of two books aimed at general readersbut also at those who, despite the research, stil
44、l doubt the existence of altruism.However, the books may end up providing more information for those who are doubtful. Take The Altruistic Brain by neuroscientist Donald Pfaff. On solid scientific ground, he builds a five-step theory of how altruism occurs, which depends on an idea that is unconvinc
45、ing and may achieve the opposite result. Pfaff argues that to act altruistically you should first visualize the receiver of your good will, then mentally transform their image into your own, “from angle to angle and curve to curve”. Does it really work?At the core of evolutionary biologist David Slo
46、an Wilsons Does Altruism Exist? is another contentious（有争议的）idea: altruism has evolved as the result of group selection. But Wilson argues his corner masterfully, providing a clever reply to the belief that natural selection occurs only at the level of the selfish gene: “Selfishness beats altruism w
47、ithin groups. Altruistic groups beat selfish groups,” he says.In other words, we cooperate when doing so gives our team the advantage. That doesnt sound very selfless either.Wilson acknowledges this, but argues that thoughts and feelings are less important than actions. According to evolutionary the
48、ory, pure altruists do exist, but it doesnt matter why people choose to help otherstheir reasons may be difficult even for themselves to understand. What matters is that humans can coordinate their activities in just the right way to achieve common goals. Other animals do this too, but we are master
49、s. “Teamwork is the signature adaptation of our species,” he says.Pfaff goes further, insisting that our brain biology “urges us to be kind”. He believes this knowledge alone will inspire individuals to be more altruistic. His desire to create a better world is admirable and some of his ideas are in
50、teresting, but Wilsons analysis is clearer.While it is in our nature to be altruistic, Wilson says, we also have a healthy regard for self-interest and a resistance to being pushed around. Which one comes to the fore depends on the environment in which we find ourselves. Ethics, he says, cannot be t
51、aught at individual level, but are “a property of the whole system”.63. Which of the following can be considered an altruistic behaviour according to Comtes definition?A. A person offers to donate his liver to another who needs one.B. A clerk returns the umbrella to his colleague which he has kept f
52、or a long time.C. A student volunteers to wok in the orphanage to collect data for his research.D. A police officer spots a car parking in the no-parking area, finding a child in the trunk.64. What does Donald Pfaff think people should do in order to behave altruistically?A. Draw a picture of the pe
53、rson they are going to help.B. Transform the receiver into a kind person.C. Visualize what they are going to do in mind first.D. Imagine they themselves are to be helped.65. Which of the following statements is David Sloan most likely to agree with in his book?A. Being kind is not something people a
54、re born with.B. People in groups are less likely to be selfish.C. People may well act selflessly because of where they are.D. Most people know clearly why they are ready to help others.66. What can be concluded from the passage?A. Figuring out what makes us behave selflessly is a tricky business.B.
55、Unlike Donald Pfaffs book, David Sloans book aims at professional readers.C. Comtes definition of altruism proves to be impractical in modern times.D. Both Donald Pfaff and David Sloan lay emphasis on team work.Section CDirections: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. E
56、ach sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.I owe it all to my community collegeIn 1974, I graduated from Skyline High School in Oakland, California, an underachieving student with poor SAT scores. I couldnt afford tuition for college anyway. _67_.For tho
57、usands of commuting students like me, Chabot was our Harvard, offering course in physics, stenography, automechanics, certified public accounting, foreign language, journalism and so on. Classmates included veterans（老兵）back from Vietnam, married women returning to school, middle-aged men wanting to
58、improve their employment prospects and paychecks. We could get our general education requirements out of the way at Chabotcredits we could transfer to a universitywhich made those two years an invaluable head start.Classes I took at Chabot have rippled（起涟漪）through my professional pond. I produced th
59、e HBO mini-series John Adams with an outline format I learned from a pipe-smoking historian, James Coovelis, whose lectures were interesting. Mary Lou Fitzgeralds “Studies in Shakespeare” taught me how the five-act structures of Richard III, The Tempest, and Othello focused their themes.In Herb Kenn
60、edys “Drama in Performance,” I read plays like The Hot L Baltimore and Desire Under the Elms, then saw their productions. I got to see the plays he taught, through student rush tickets at the American Conservatory Theater in San Francisco and the Berkeley Repertory Theatre. _68_. I got an A. Some ho
61、urs I stayed in the huge library, where I first read the New York Times, frustrated by its lack of comics.If Chabots library still has its collection of vinyl records（黑胶唱片）, you will find my name repeatedly on the takeout slip of Jason Robardss performance of the monologue of Eugene ONeill. _69_.Cha
62、bot College is still in Hayward, though Mr. Coovelis, Ms. Fitzgerald, and Mr. Kennedy are no longer there. I drove past the campus a few years ago with one of my kids and summed up my two years there this way:”_70_”A. I listened to it 20 times at least.B. That place made me what I am today.C. Commun
63、ity colleges have improved a lot these years.D. Those plays filled my head with expanded dreams.E. Of course, I enjoyed the pleasure of eating French fries between classes.F. So I sent my test results to Chabot, a community college in nearby Hayward, California, which accepted everyone and was free.
64、IV. Summary WritingDirections:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Learn from mistakesThe best way to learn something is to make mistakes first. Thomas Edison, who invented the light b
65、ulb, told his colleagues:” Of the 200 light bulbs that didnt work, every failure told me something I was able to incorporate into the next attempt.” Benjamin Franklin, the US statesman and scientist once said: “ I havent failed. I have had 10,000 ideas that didnt work.”Both these people understood t
66、hat failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, a surprising number of everyday objects had their beginnings in a mistake or a misunderstanding. Post-it-notes, packets of crisps and even bread are all unexpected inventions. In 2600 BC, a tired Egyptian slave invented bread when
67、the dough rose during his sleep . And crips were first cooked by a chief in the USA when a customer complained that his fried potatoes were not thin enough.In 1958 Spencer Silver was trying to develop a strong adhesive when he accidentally invented a very weak glue instead. His colleague, Art Fry ,
68、decided to use it six years later, in 1974, to hold his bookmarks in his books and the post-it note was invented.Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past. When an employee of IBM made a mistake that cost the company $600,000, Thomos Watson, the chairman, was a
69、sked if he would fire the man.” “ Of course not,” he replied. “ I have just spent $600,000 training him. I am not going to let another company benefit from experience.”The important thing to remember is that you need to learn from your mistakes. If you dont ,then there is no sense in making them.”V.
70、 TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 熬夜会大大消耗你的体力。 (drain)2. 很多人看上去很忙碌，其实没有任何效果。 (seem)3. 当我一个人在家的时候，常常会选择订一些外卖食物而不是亲自下厨。 (rather than)4. 汽车租借服务在许多城市都非常普遍，给人们的生活带来了很大便利。 (making)VI. Guided WritingDirections: Write an English
71、composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.你校计划举行一次英语演讲比赛，题目为“The person I want to meet”，你有意参加此项比赛，并决定为此比赛写一份演讲稿，内容包括：1. 我最想遇到的人是谁。2. 我为什么想要遇到他。参考答案：新题型21 whose， his 23, to win 24, aged 25, amazing 26, with 27, has looked/has been looking 28, However 29, that 3
72、0, fastest31-35 H FBD C 36-40 E G J AK 41-45 CBADB 46-50 ACADC 51-55 ACDBB56-59 B C A C61-62 D D A63-66 A D C A67-70 FEABsummary writing(参考答案)The best way to learn something is to make mistakes first（要点1）. And failures and false starts are the condition of success. In fact, lots of everyday objects
73、had their beginnings in a mistake （要点2）.Besides, Successful businesspeople have often made big , expensive mistakes in their past（要点3）. All in all, The important thing is that you need to learn from your mistakes.翻译：1, Staying up late will drain your energy greatly. / will be a great drain on your energy.2, Many people seem busy , but it has no effect.3, When I stay at home alone, I often choose to order take-out food rather than cook by myself.4, Car rental services are very common in many cities, making peoples life more convenient.
