1、【导读】我有一个梦想是马丁路德金于1963年8月28日在华盛顿林肯纪念堂发表的著名演讲，内容主要关于黑人民族平等。阅读下面选取的部分，认真体会作者表达了什么样的思想感情？【节选】I Have a DreamFive score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand, signed The Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slav
2、es who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manac
3、les of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languished in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his
4、 own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.In a sense we have come to our nations Capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the Declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to wh
5、ich every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honour
6、ing this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check; a check which has come back marked “insufficient funds”. But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation
7、. So we have come to cash this checka check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice. We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. There is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing dr
8、ug of gradualism. Now is the time to make real the promises of democracy. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of Gods children. Now is the time to lift our nation from t
9、he quicksand of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negros legitimate discontent will not pass until there is an invigorating autumn
10、 of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty three is not an end, but a beginning. There will be neither rest nor tranquility in America until the Negro is granted his citizenship rights. The whirlwinds of revolt will continue to shake the foundations of our nation until the bright day of justice emerge
11、s.我有一个梦想一个世纪以前，一位伟大的美国人签署了解放黑人奴隶宣言。我们站在他的雕像前集会。这一意义深远的政令犹如一座巨大的灯塔，给千百万长期在非正义的烈焰中煎熬而身心饱受摧残的黑奴送来了希望之光。它的颁布是快乐的破晓，结束了黑人受奴役的漫漫长夜。但是，一百年后的今天，我们却不得不面对一个悲惨的事实：黑人尚未获得自由。一百年后的今天，在种族隔离的镣铐和种族歧视的锁链的束缚下，黑人的人生依然凄凉艰难。一百年后的今天，在物质财富的汪洋大海中，黑人依然生活在贫困的孤岛上。一百年后的今天，黑人依然没精打采地萎缩在美国社会的角落中，在自己的家园中成了流亡者。所以，今天我们来到这里向公众揭示一个骇人听闻
12、的事实。就某种意义而言，我们汇集到我国的首都是为了兑换一张支票。共和国的缔造者们写下宪法和独立宣言的庄严词句时，他们事实上签署了一张期票，每一位美国人都有权继承。这张支票是一个承诺：任何人都享有生存、自由、追求幸福的不可剥夺的权利。今天，就有色公民而言，美国显然没有兑现这张支票。美国没有履行这项神圣的义务，给黑人开的是一张空头支票，盖着“资金不足”的印戳被退了回来。但是，我们拒绝相信正义的银行已经破产。我们拒绝相信在这个国家巨大的机会之库中，居然储备不足。所以，今天我们来到这里要求兑现这张支票，这张理应给予我们宝贵的自由和正义保障的支票。我们汇集在这个神圣的地方，同时要提醒美国：时不我待，不容
13、延宕。现在决非侈谈保持冷静的时候，现在决非服用渐进主义镇静剂的时候。现在就是兑现民主承诺的时候；现在就是从种族隔离的幽暗荒凉的峡谷攀升到种族平等的光明大道的时候；现在就是给上帝所有的孩子打开机会之门的时候；现在就是把我们的国家从种族不平等的流沙中拯救出来、安置于兄弟友爱的磐石之上的时候。如果美国对此时此刻的迫切性视而不见，低估黑人的决心，这对美国将是致命的。自由和平等的清爽的秋天如不到来，黑人正当的愤怒而蒸腾起的窒人的暑气就不会过去。1963不是终结，而是开始。只要黑人得不到公民的权利，美国就不可能有安宁和稳定。反抗的旋风会继续动摇这个国家的根基，直到正义的、光明的日子的来临。知识积累1captivity n拘禁；囚禁；束缚2prosperity n. 兴旺；繁荣3promissory adj. 应允的；承诺的；约定的4obligation n. 义务；责任5underestimate v. 低估文化链接我有一个梦想之作者解读马丁路德金，非裔美国人，1929年出生于美国亚特兰大，牧师、社会活动家、民权主义者，美国民权运动领袖。1964年度诺贝尔和平奖的获得者。1968年4月被人刺杀。从1986年起，美国政府将每年1月的第3个星期一，定为马丁路德金全国纪念日。他被美国的权威期刊大西洋月刊评为影响美国的100位人物第8名。第 3 页
