1、广东化州县2016高考英语二轮：社会现象类阅读理解选练（2）及答案2016高考英语阅读理解-社会现象类 As we know，many teen celebrities(名人) feel and think that having a slimmer figure can do great good to themBut，does size really matter？Are teenage fans trying hard to become like their celebrity idols(偶像)？Do celebrities really have the power to infl
2、uence people，especially teenagers？For the longest time，many parents blame teen idols for influencing the way their kids actHave you noticed how teens idolize the celebrities these days？Even，their personal affairs are being followed by kids these daysTake for example the case of Lindsay Lohan of Mary
3、 Kate AshleyThey are definitely famous teen starsBut，since they are trying to project an image to satisfy a lot of people in show business，their health and body sufferMany kids are aware of this problemBut they are easily influenced by these celebrities to exercise and eat less It is a fact that the
4、 media，and especially famous teen celebrities，can influence people powerfullyBut teenagers are easily influenced because teenage years are the period when our personality and identity developments take placeTeens watching TV shows and reading magazines are easily pulled into the dieting and harmful
5、eating habits because the media have some ways to pull these actsThey use thin models and celebrities to endorse(做广告宣传) products or to star in an up-and coming shows or moviesWith fierce competition，celebrities are forced to eat less and do extreme exercise routines to get the roles or offers that c
6、ome their way Living in todays time and generation is a bit disturbing to a lot of parentsMedia，especially as well as the celebrities，have a very powerful influence to drive teenagers to good or badIts good that we can control ourselves to avoid bad things from happeningIf not，parents should really
7、be aware and guide their teens to determine whats in ad whats out【小题1】From the passage we can find Lindsay Lohan_ Alives an unhealthy lifestyleBlives a rich and happy lifeCdoesnt get any exerciseDsets a good example for teenagers【小题2】According to the writer，why are teenagers easily influenced by som
8、e TV shows？ AThey are tired of schoolBTheir celebrity idols appear in many TV showsCTheyre in their development periodDThey have nothing to do in their spare time【小题3】Many celebrities have to be on diet_ Ato keep healthy to face competitionBto survive under pressureCto keep a slim sizeDto satisfy th
9、eir teenage fans【小题4】Whats the title of the passage？ AParents responsibilitiesBAdvice on self-controlCBad influences of celebritiesDMedias bad influences 2016高考英语阅读理解-社会现象类The new high-speed railway line between Urumqi, capital of the Xinjiang Uygur self-governing region，and Lanzhou, capital of Gans
10、u province，has cut train travel time by half to less than 12 hours. The dramatic improvement will benefit many families planning reunions for Spring Festival. “For the first time，I feel home is not that far away after all，”said Liang Shaofu as he boarded a high-speed train in Urumqi with six members
11、 of his family The 35-year-old left Lanzhou to set up a dry fruit business in Xinjiang eight years ago，and he has now settled in Urumqi The 1,776-km line, which passes through Qinghai province and is the countrys first high-speed railway to be built in a high-altitude region, came into service on De
12、c 26. “We normally drive home for Spring Festival to avoid the difficulties of buying seven train tickets for the whole family during the peak season.” Liang said. “Driving can be very tiring and dangerous sometimes，so one year we even decided not to go back to Lanzhou simply to avoid the trip.” Mor
13、e than 600,000 passengers traveled on the line during its first month，and the Urumqi Railway Bureau said the introduction of high-speed services will ease transport pressure during the Spring Festival peak season. The existing usual railway line could no longer support Xinjiangs development. All pas
14、senger trains will gradually shift to the new link，leaving the old one to be used for goods. As a result，Xinjiangs annual goods ability could reach 200 million metric tons from the current 70 million The line passes through areas that experience high winds, and it also crosses parts of the deserted
15、Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the bone-dry sands of the Gobi Desert The project could help China to promote its high-speed railway technology abroad，said Ma Xi zhang, director of the Lanzhou-Xinjiang railway projects management department in Xinjiang.【小题1】How long did it take to go from Urumqi to Lanzho
16、u by the usual train before? Aabout 12 hoursBAbout 6 hoursCAbout 18 hoursDAbout 24 hours【小题2】Whats the main advantage of the new high-speed railway? AIt takes more time to go to Urumqi to Lanzhou.BIt will be more convenient for people all over the country to Xinjiang.CAll the people in Lanzhou can r
17、eturn home on festivals.DIt helps to improve Xinjiangs development.【小题3】From the passage we can learn_. AXinjiangs annual goods ability can increase nearly four timesBthe new railway technology may help more railway lines to be built abroadCthe high-speed railway lines cant be built across the bone-
18、dry sandsDthe old railway lines can only carry goods now【小题4】Which of the following is true according to the passage? AThe new high-speed railway line is good for all people to go home.BThe new high-speed railway line benefits businessmen to carry goods.CTaking the new train is safer than driving ho
19、me from Urumqi to Lanzhou.DBusinessmen seldom went home for Spring Festival before. 社会生活类阅读理解。As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, fo
20、r better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around. Th
21、e 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the West, some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership h
22、as presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns, which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died. Big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their di
23、rect footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now. So trade-offs will have to be made. Some scenic spots will be sacrificed. So
24、me species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects. The lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter. The 21st century development of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy i
25、s going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroads and the highways. The money set aside in negotiated tra
26、de-offs and the institutions that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West. 1. What was the problem caused by the constru
27、ction of the railways? A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.2. What is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to thelast two paragraphs?
28、 A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy.D. The selection of an ideal place.3. What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants? A. Cautious.B. Approving.C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.4. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How
29、the Railways Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled【参考答案】78.1-4 CBAB 阅读理解。The amount of time children spend in institutional care（机构式照顾）may affect how their brains develop.
30、 Thats the conclusion of a new study carried out by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, Harvard Medical School and the University of Minnesota. The study is published in Child Development in the journals January/ February 2010 issue.To learn how the lack of care and material needs that insti
31、tutionalized children often experience affect brain development, the researchers looked at 132 8- and 9-year-olds. Some of them were adopted into U.S. homes after spending at least a year and three quarters of their lives in institutions in Asia, Latin America, Russia and Eastern Europe, and Africa.
32、 Others were adopted by the time they were 8 months old into U.S. homes from foster care（寄养）in Asia and Latin America; most of these children had spent no time in institutional care, while some had spent a month or two in institutions prior to foster placement. On average, the internationally adopte
33、d children had been living with their families for more than 6 years. These children were compared to a group of American children raised in their birth families.Children adopted early from foster care didnt differ from children raised in their birth families in the United States. Children adopted f
34、rom institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse （冲动）control. Yet these children performed at developmentally appropriate levels on tests involving sequencing and planning.The take-home messa
35、ge: Children make tremendous advances in cognitive（认知的） functioning once they reach their adoptive families, but the early impact on their brains development is difficult to change completely.We identified basic learning processes that are affected by early institutionalization, notes Seth Pollak, p
36、rofessor of psychology and pediatrics at the University of Wisconsin, who was the studys lead author. Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning prob
37、lems later in childrens lives.1. The passage is mainly written to .A. compare two childcare systemsB. criticize the institutional childcareC. present a new research findingD. introduce the basic learning process答案解析：答案为C。本题为主旨大意题。本文运用了总-分-总的写作风格。注意文章第一段 “The amount of time children spend in institut
38、ional caremay affect how their brains develop.” 意为 “儿童受到机构式照顾的时间长短或许会影响大脑发育”，和最后一段Policies that speed the time in which children can be removed from institutionalized care so they can develop within family contexts should be implemented to decrease the likelihood of learning problems later in childr
39、ens lives. 可知，儿童应摆脱机构式照顾，而应在家庭环境下培养，从而降低他们以后有学习障碍的可能性” ，因此，文章主旨是在陈述一种新的发现。A，B，D都不是文章的主旨。2. Children have their brain development affected in institutional care because .A. they suffer form poor living conditionsB. they spend too much time learningC. they dont have freedom staying thereD. they are ne
40、ither physically nor mentally satisfied 答案解析：答案为D。本题为细节推断题。从文章第二段首句 “To learn how the lack of care and material needs that institutionalized children often experience affect brain development,”可知， 句中“care（照顾）” 对应D选项的 “mentally（精神地）”, “material needs（物质需求）” 对应D选项的 “physically（身体地）”, 故答案为D。3Compared w
41、ith home-raised children, institutionalized children didnt do as well in tasks like .A. thinking in pictures and self-controlB. working in teams and self-expressionC. putting things in order and self-defenseD. adapting to the environment and self-panning. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为细节题。从文章的第三段 “Children adopted f
42、rom institutional care performed worse than those raised in families on tests measuring visual memory and attention, learning visual information, and impulse control.” 可知，机构式照顾下的儿童比家庭环境下培养的儿童在视觉记忆、注意力、视觉信息和冲动控制上表现要差”, 故答案A “ 思考图片和自我控制” 意思符合文章的内容。4It can be concluded form the passage that .A. the Uni
43、ted States is a good place for childrens all-round developmentB. a perfect family is beneficial to childrens all-round developmentC. children in institutional care can hardly achieve anything greatD. nothing has been done to help children in institutional care 答案解析：答案为B。本题为主旨推断题。结合第一题，本文是在陈述一种观点，即：受到机构式照顾的儿童大脑发育会受到影响， 他们应在家庭环境下培养。A选项未提及；C、D选项太绝对。故答案为B。
