1、第四讲冠词、代词和介词高考最热点全国卷考频命题热考向高考新变化冠词3年12考冠词的考查点集中在冠词表示泛指、特指的基本用法和常见固定搭配中的冠词上。2020、2019全国卷增加对不定代词的考查。对冠词、介词的考查仍集中在固定短语上。代词3年12考语法填空侧重考查it、人称代词和物主代词的基本用法介词3年8考语法填空对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词， 这对考生正确理解句意和掌握的知识提出了较高的要求。冠词考点一 冠词的基本用法一、不定冠词a，an1在发音以辅音音素开头的单词前用a，在发音以元音音素开头的单词前用an。a university，a useful animal，a Europe
2、an car，an hour，an honest boy，an Xray，an ugly man，an honor等。Judging from his words，he must be an honest man.从他的话判断，他一定是一位诚实的人。As is known to us，Russia is a European country.众所周知，俄罗斯是一个欧洲国家。2不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。They found an apartment in America where they lived only half a year.他们在美国找到一个公寓，在
3、那里待了仅仅半年。3表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。It was a cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly.那是一个寒冷冬天的夜晚，月亮在夜空中闪耀着。4表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one 强烈。As the old saying goes，“Rome was not built in a day.”常言道，冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。5不定冠词a(n)表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain。A Mr Brown came to see you just now.刚才有一位布朗
4、先生来找你了。6“a(n)序数词”表示“又一，再一”；“a most形容词”表示“非常，很”。I really enjoyed my stay in Xian.Its indeed worth a second visit.我真的喜欢待在西安，它的确值得再次参观。He put forward a most useful suggestion at the meeting.在会议上他提出一个非常实用的建议。7在抽象名词success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock等前表示“一个的人或一件的事”。The op
5、eration is a success and the patient is now out of danger.手术很成功，病人目前脱离了危险。二、定冠词the1特指某人或某事。The village where I was born has taken on a new look in the past ten years.我出生的那个小村庄在过去十年已经呈现新的面貌。2用于序数词和形容词/副词最高级以及形容词only，very，same等之前。As is known to all，China is the biggest developing country in the world.
6、众所周知，中国是世界上最大的发展中国家。Yang Liwei is the first man who has been into space in China.在中国杨利伟是第一个登上太空的人。3某些形容词、分词前表示一类人或用在姓氏复数前表示一家人，要想到用定冠词。As far as I know, the Greens are going to move to Beijing.据我所知，格林一家要搬到北京去。4在世界上独一无二的事物、西洋乐器以及发明物的名词前要想到用定冠词。The little girl likes to play the violin and often plays
7、it after school.这个小女孩喜欢拉小提琴，经常放学后演奏。5用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour，by the day，by the week，by the dozen，by the yard等，但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。As far as I know, he will get paid by the week.据我所知，他会按周付薪。6用于the more.the more.(越越)结构中。The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
8、你越小心，就会越少犯错误。三、零冠词1在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。Keeping a diary is a good habit，by which youll make great progress.记日记是一个可以让你取得进步的好习惯。2用于与by连用的表示交通工具、通讯工具的名词前。Are you going there by plane or by ship?你是乘飞机还是乘船去那里？3用于系动词turn后的单数名词作表语时。After years of hard work，Tom turned engineer while Mary good manager.多年的努
9、力之后，汤姆成了工程师而玛丽成了一个好经理。题组微练(单句语法填空)12020浙江卷1月A child born in the US today has _ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.22021成都市高三检测Situated on cliffs above a river，Hongyadong is a stilt house complex (建筑群) in _ city of Chongqing.32021福州市模拟One brown batabout _ size of
10、 a human thumbcan consume about 600 mosquitoes and other unwanted insects within an hour.42021安徽省高三联考Being _ international port, Quanzhou, is home to a huge number of Chinese who have gone abroad and can be tracked to more than 130 countries and regions around the globe.52021郑州高三质检She was really exc
11、ited that day because they were having a dance party. I danced with all the ladies, particularly with Grandma, which was awesome. However, I felt discomfort throughout _ party.考点二 固定搭配1.不定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中all of a sudden突然as a matter of fact 事实上in a hurry 匆忙地pay a visit to 参观；拜访as a result/consequence 因此
12、have a gift/talent for 在某方面有天赋have/catch a cold 感冒make a living 谋生have/take a rest 休息in a way 从某种意义上说give sb. a lift 让某人搭便车do sb. a favor 帮某人一个忙keep an eye on 留心You can ask anyone for help.Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。2定冠词用于固定短语中at the moment 此刻；目前at the same ti
13、me 同时on the contrary 相反on the whole 总的来说to tell the truth 说实话in the distance 在远处on the other hand 另一方面make the most of 充分利用by the way 顺便说一下go to the cinema/theater 去看电影/戏剧in the middle of 在中间You should make the best of such a good chance to practise your spoken English.你应该充分利用这个好机会练习你的英语口语。3零冠词用于固定搭
14、配中on purpose 故意地by chance 碰巧catch/on fire 着火at dawn/dusk 在黎明/黄昏make room for 让位out of date 过时的by sea/car 乘船/乘小汽车题组微练(单句语法填空)12020浙江卷7月 This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then，with _ rise of science，changes began.22020全国卷The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is meltin
15、g (融化). They represent the promise of spring and a renewal of life.32021烟台、菏泽市高三水平诊断Some reports also show that _ number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.42021烟台市高考诊断性测试They either made equipment themselves or had to share _ very few items they had among all the children.52021河北衡水中学联考Shen
16、Maosheng, who led the dig, said most of the newly found warriors can be divided into two groups. One group is carrying poles, while _ other carries bows.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021东北三校高三模拟What did she do to deserve such _ honor? Compared with other male poets in China, who have left hundreds or even thousan
17、ds of poems，she has only eightyseven.22021济南市高三针对性练习Although there has been _ increasing amount of literature about tea in recent years，such literature is certainly not new.32021山西省八校高三第一次联考The NYPD hopes in _ long term the information can be used to tailor manpower to each police station in the cit
18、y.42019全国卷Of _ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six are stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.52021衡阳市高三毕业班联考三To ensure the accuracy of the measurement, and to work it in _ more effective way, experts were invited to assist in the technical design and pl
19、anning of the project from the beginning.62019浙江卷Everybody wears _ same style of clothes. Uniforms can be useful in unexpected ways.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2定向”1根据泛指或特指选择冠词如果空格后的名词或“形容词名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。(1)如果空格及后面的名词可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an。如果可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”一般填the; (2)如果名词后有of短语、不定式、分词或从句
20、等作定语时很可能填the。2根据固定句式或固定搭配选择冠词英语中有很多带有冠词的固定句式或短语，记住这些句式和短语也有利于解决此类问题。 代词考点一 代词的基本用法1.人称代词与物主代词类别第一人称第二人称第三人称主格(作主语)Iweyouyouhesheitthey宾格(作宾语)meusyouyouhimheritthem形容词性物主代词(作定语)myouryouryourhisheritstheir名词性物主代词(作主语、表语或宾语)mineoursyoursyourshishersitstheirsShe was beautiful and could run faster than o
21、thers.她(那时)很美并且比其他人跑得快。Give me a challenge, and I will meet it with joy.给我一个挑战，我会欣然接受。He invited some friends of his to attend his birthday party.他邀请了一些朋友参加他的生日宴会。2反身代词(1)构成：第一、二人称反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加“self”(复数加selves)构成。第三人称反身代词是由人称代词宾格形式加self(复数加selves)构成。 数人称单数复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselve
22、s第三人称himself/herself/itselfthemselves(2)句法功能：反身代词在句中作宾语、表格或同位语I sincerely hope you will enjoy yourself at the coming evening party.我真诚地希望你在即将到来的晚会上玩得开心。(3)反身代词的习惯用法dress oneself 自己穿衣occupy oneself with 忙于behave yourself 举止规矩有礼devote oneself to 致力于apply oneself to 专心致志于help oneself to 随便吃/用enjoy ones
23、elf 玩得开心seat oneself 就座，入席make yourself at home 别客气teach oneself 自学adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于2017浙江卷6月“She thought I had hurt myself，” says Pahlsson.“她以为我伤到我自己了，”Pahlsson说。3指示代词this, that, these, those的用法指示代词用法this/these指在时间或空间上较近的人或事物；this也可指下文将要谈到的人或物，起启下的作用that/those指在时间或空间上较远的人或事物；that也可指上文提到过的
24、人或物，起承上的作用What I want to say is this: you should grasp every minute to finish your work.我想说的是：你应该抓住每一分钟来完成你的工作。4不定代词(1)the other指两者中的另一个，表示特指。There are two pens here. One is his, and the other is Toms.这儿有两支钢笔，一支是他的，另一支是汤姆的。(2)other作前置定语，修饰可数名词复数，不可单独使用，表示泛指，意为“另外的，其他的”。We study English, maths, Chine
25、se and other subjects.我们学习英语、数学、语文以及别的学科。(3)others泛指“其他人”或“其他物”，常用结构：some. others.；而the others表示特定范围中的“另外的全部”。Some like staying at home at the weekend; others like going to the cinema.一些人喜欢周末待在家里，另一些人喜欢去看电影。(4)another泛指同类的人或物，指三者或三者以上的另一个，可单独使用或在其后加可数名词单数。I dont like this book. Please give me anothe
26、r one.我不喜欢这本书，请再给我一本。5不定代词both, all, either, any, neither, none都任何一个都不(全部否定)部分否定两者botheitherneithernot eitherboth和not连用三者或三者以上allanynonenot anyall和not连用Niki is always full of ideas, but none is useful to my knowledge.Niki总是很有想法，但据我所知没一个是有用的。题组微练(单句语法填空)12020全国卷Data about the moons composition, such
27、as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.22020新高考山东卷As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations(模拟) and imagine _ (they) living at a different time in history or walking t
28、hrough a rainforest.32018全国卷When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find _ (they) alive.42021湖南长郡中学检测However，quite a few others，especially _ in the countryside，would fix a lucky date so that their marriage would have “Double Happiness”52021泰安模拟As far as I am concerned，cyclin
29、g is a good solution.For one thing，bicycles dont need any petrol and they are energysaving. For _， bicycles are environmentally friendly because they wont give off waste gas.考点二 it的用法1.it作人称代词的用法(1)it用作人称代词，用来指代事物或上文提到过的内容。The Smiths bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can
30、move in.史密斯一家买了一套新房子，但是在入住之前有大量的工作要做。(2)it指时间、距离、天气等。Its about 112 miles from London to Birmingham.从伦敦到伯明翰大约有112英里。2用于某些句型Its (about/high) timethat从句某人该做某事了(从句谓语用过去时，有时也用“should动词原形”)Its the first/second. timethat sb.has/have done这是某人第几次做某事Its时间段since从句自从有多长时间了Its时间段before从句过了多长时间才As far as I know,
31、it is 8 years since his father passed away.据我所知，他父亲去世已经八年了。3it作形式主语(宾语)的用法it常作形式主语(宾语)，替代动词不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。(1)it作形式主语的句型Itbeadj.(for sb.) to do sth.常用于此句型的形容词有：easy, difficult, hard, necessary, unnecessary, possible等。As far as Im concerned, its necessary to have a good command of English.就我个人看来，掌握英语是
32、必要的。Itbeadj.of sb. to do sth.此句型中的形容词描述的是人的品德、特征。能用于该句型的形容词有：kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever等。It is silly of you to give up such a good chance.放弃这么好的一次机会你真傻。Itben.(for sb./sth.)to do sth.用于此句型的名词(短语)有：pity, shame, pleasure, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等。It
33、 is bad manners for the young to take up the seats for the old.年轻人占据老年人座位没有礼貌。Itbeadj./n.doing sth.用于此句型的形容词和名词(短语)常见的有：no/little use, no/much good, useless, fun等。It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others.独居而不和他人来往没有好处。(it作形式主语，动名词短语living alone without.为真正的主语)Itben./adj.主语从句。在
34、“It is natural/necessary/important/strangethat从句”中，从句的谓语动词常用“should动词原形”，且should可以省略。Its necessary and important that we should master the skills of operating computers.我们应该掌握电脑操作技术，这有必要而且非常重要。(2)it作形式宾语的情况主语believe/find/feel/think/guess/suppose/makeitadj./n.不定式/动名词/从句。No matter where he is, he make
35、s it a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.不管在哪里，他养成了早餐前散步的习惯。某些及物动词或短语后不能直接跟从句。此时须先用it，然后接从句，有此用法的动词(短语)：like, dislike, hate, appreciate, depend on, rely on, count on等。I would appreciate it if you take my suggestion into consideration.如果你考虑我的建议我将感激不尽。I hate it when someone makes a mess of my lea
36、rning materials on my desk.我讨厌有人把我桌子上的学习材料弄得乱七八糟的。题组微练(单句语法填空)12021安庆市二模Every new year in the heartland of industrial China, thousands upon thousands of motorcyclists brave the weather and hit the road, determined to make _ home.22018浙江卷Many westerners who/that come to China cook much less than in t
37、heir own countries once they realize how cheap _ can be to eat out.32017全国卷However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using _ every day.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12020北京卷She recognized _ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creati
38、vity and enthusiasm.22021四川绵阳第二次诊断The young policeman was touched by _ (they) loss and sadness, and said that he was more than willing to act as their son.32021南昌一模The village of Zhouzhuang in Jiangsu calls _ (it) “the oldest water town in China”42021安徽六校第二次联考It falls on the first Saturday in April.
39、 _ (it) aim is to honor and celebrate Americas children and stress the importance of love as they grow up.52021济南市高三质量评估The scientists say an area of the brain assigns memories to smells and stores _ (they) for decades.62021福州模拟And the hutong today is fading into the shade for _ tourists and local p
40、eople.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2定向”1通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式(1)如果作主语，则用人称代词的主格； (2)如果作宾语或表语，则用人称代词的宾格； (3)如果作定语，则用形容词性物主代词； (4)如果作宾语、表语或同位语且又反射到句子主语，则用反身代词。2通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it(1)如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；(2)如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况，则用it；(3)如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；(4)注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend on/see to .it从句。介词考点一 介词的基本用法1.a
41、t, in, on表示时间(1)at表示某一时刻at 12：00 (在12点), at noon (在中午), at night (在夜里), at midnight (在半夜), at dawn/daybreak (在黎明，破晓)，at sunrise/sunset (在日出/日落)，at dusk(在黄昏)。(2)in指上午、下午及晚上或月、年等较长的时间in the 1980s/1980s, in the Qing Dynasty, in October, in the morning/afternoon/evening。(3)on用于表示具体的日子或一个特定的时间(如：某日、某节日、星
42、期几等)，或某一具体日子的上午、下午、晚上等。on October 1st, on a rainy day, on National Day, on the morning of July 3rd。2by, before, after, until/till, during, within表示时间(1)by 到时(为止)(2)before 在以前(3)after 在后(4)until/till 直到为止(5)during 在期间(6)within 在之内He often falls asleep during the class, which makes his teacher very an
43、gry.他常常上课睡觉，这使他的老师很生气。3between, among表示“在之间”between指“在之间(两者之间)”，常和and连用； among表示“在之间(三者或三者以上)”。Keep the close relationship between teachers and students.保持亲密的师生关系。4by, in, on, with表示“使用工具、手段、方式等”(1)by表示“乘，坐(交通工具)”或“通过方式”。(2)in当“用”讲时，后常接表示语言、材料等的词。(3)with表示使用某种具体的工具、手段等。by bike, by taxi, by plane, by
44、 ship, by bus, by airgo to school on my bike, on footHer parents always talk to her in German.她的父母总是用德语和她交谈。We see with our eyes, hear with our ears, and walk with our legs.我们用眼睛看，用耳朵听，用腿走路。5about, on表示“关于”about多用于表示内容比较普通、不太正式的情形，on多指内容属于专门性的，是严肃的或学术性的，有时两者可通用。He gave a report on/about the internat
45、ional situation at the meeting.他在会上做了一个关于国际形势的报告。6from, since表示时间(1)from表示开始的时间，译为“从开始”，多用于“from. to/till”结构中。(2)since表示“自以后，从以来”。We work from Monday to Friday every week.我们每周从周一工作到周五。I havent heard from him since last year.自从去年，我就没有收到过他的来信。7with的常见用法(表示关系)和一起；(表示状态)具有，带有；(表示方式)用，凭借；(表示原因)由于，因为。Woul
46、d you like to go to the theatre with us?你愿意和我们一起去看戏吗？The small child trembled with fear.那个小孩吓得打哆嗦。8for的用法表示“为了；给，对(表示对象、用途等)；因为，由于；向，往(表示去向)；就而言”。The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.我们大多数人最关心的是公共教育的质量问题。9without的用法表示“没有，缺乏；不和在一起；不用；不拿；不带”。It is a pity that David is
47、away on business. Anyhow, youve got a great deal of time to tour in New York without him.很遗憾，大卫出差了。不管怎样，你有大量时间可以单独在纽约游览。10against的用法(表示方位)倚靠着；(表示态度)反对；(表示对比)以为背景。An agreement seems to be impossible because the majority of the committee members are against it.看来意见达成一致是不可能了，因为大多数委员会成员都表示反对。11beyond的用法
48、(表示位置)在另一边；在更远处；(表示程度)超出；非所能及。Everybody was touched beyond words after they heard her moving story.听了她感人的故事，大家都被感动得无以言表。题组微练(单句语法填空)1 2020浙江卷1月This aging of the population is driven _ two factors.22021四川绵阳高三诊断Cleaner air has been most noticeable. For example, _ April 3, people living in Jalandhar, a
49、 city in the north, woke up to a sight: snowcovered Himalayan mountains more than 160 kilometers away.32021山东省师大附中阶段性检测The most important thing is to practice.You can do this _ joining such kind of clubs.考点二 固定搭配1.名词与介词搭配by accident 偶然by chance 碰巧on board 在船上(或飞机上、火车上)on business 因公出差on average 平均in
50、 charge 掌管，主管in particular 特别；尤其；详细地in place 适当的，恰当的in the distance 在远处in favo(u)r of 赞成；支持in honour of 为了纪念；对表示敬意in spite of 尽管，虽然in turn 依次；转而in vain 徒劳in memory of 为纪念in return 作为回报in order 按顺序；处于良好状态2动词与介词搭配remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物call at 访问(某地)call for 要求；需要care about 关心d
51、o harm to 伤害fix ones eyes on 注视get rid of 免除；摆脱run out of 用完come up with 提出make fun of 取笑adapt to 适应refer to 涉及；查阅come across (偶然)遇见pick up 捡起；用车接(某人)；接收；偶然习得3形容词与介词搭配be curious about 对好奇be proud of 因而自豪be popular with 受到的欢迎be anxious about 为忧虑be concerned about 对担心、忧虑be present at 出席be absent from
52、缺席be free from 免于题组微练(单句语法填空)12021昆明市 “三诊一模”The stores also allow plastic collectors to use the money they earn to pay _ health care or school.22021云南省七校高考适应性考试三A couplet writer may show his feelings _ means of describing the scenery or expressing his wishes in his works.32021陕西省重点中学模拟The United Nat
53、ions invites each person of any age，plus every classroom，business and government to join _ celebration of the International Day of Happiness.42021长春市高三质量监测一They think 12 yuan for an order is too much. Besides，many more people doubt if these collectors will wash their hands after dealing _ the trash.
54、52021厦门市第二次质量检查In Singapore theres no better place to find Chinese medicines than in Chinatowna colorful and lively place, rich _ Chinese culture and history.语法填空解题技法【典例感悟】12021广州市综合检测二He even received a medal _ the Chinese government for his conservation efforts.22021山东师范大学附属中学模拟The giant panda，als
55、o known as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native _ south central China.32020全国卷The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist _ earth, Mother Nature.42020新高考山东卷Museums must compete _ peoples spare time and money with other amusements.52020浙江卷7月 Some time after 10,000 BC, people ma
56、de the first real attempt to control the world they lived _， through agriculture.【答题微点】语法填空解题“2策略”1分析句子成分如果句子中不缺少主语或表语，动词后又不缺少宾语，则在名词、代词或动名词前一定是填介词。2记牢搭配(1)注意短语搭配中介词的正确使用；(2)注意有特殊用法的介词，如接复合宾语就只能用with或without。语法填空2021山东历城二中第一次模拟What you spend rather than what you earn 1._ (help) to determine how cont
57、ent you are with life, a new study says.Research from the Office for National Statistics found spending on hotels, restaurants and household furnishings was associated with life satisfaction. 2._ (unsurprising), spending on insurance and mobile phones was not. But the ONS said that overall spending
58、and income mattered less than personal circumstances when 3._ (measure) life satisfaction. Good health, marital status (婚姻状况) and economic activity had the strongest associations with how positively life satisfaction is rated.Its analysis found that age also mattered：the young have 4._ (high) life s
59、atisfaction than those in their forties but life satisfaction rises again in later years, before falling again for those in their eighties. Living 5._ (condition) were also important. Those who own their homes think their life satisfaction is more highly than 6._ in poverty.But while spending is mor
60、e important than income, households with 7._ income of between 24,000 and 44,000 would feel more 8._ (satisfy)if their income increased, the ONS found. The ONS said, “There is no evidence of a significant association between household income 9._ life satisfaction overall after accounting for other c
61、haracteristics, such as age, 10._ (marry) and so on.”第四讲冠词、代词和介词冠词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：a考查冠词。根据下文的chance 可知， 这里语意表示“非常实际的一个可能性”， 故填不定冠词， 表示泛指。2答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指重庆市，故用定冠词the。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处表示一只大约人类拇指大小的棕色蝙蝠。the size of意为“的大小”，为固定用法，所以填the。4答案与解析：an考查冠词。句意：泉州作为一个国际港口，拥有大量出国的中国人，可以追踪到全球130多个国家和地区。分
62、析句子结构可知，空处填冠词，再根据句意可知，international port表示泛指，又因是元音开头，故填an。5答案与解析：the根据语境可知，此处的party特指上文中的“a dance party”，所以填the。考点二1答案与解析：the考查冠词。根据空后的rise of science可知，此处是名词的限定性修饰，语意表示“科学的兴起”，故填定冠词the，表示特指。2答案与解析：the考查冠词。序数词前加定冠词the，表示“第几个”。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处指野生大熊猫的数量在增加。the number of是固定短语，意为“的数量”。故填the。4答案与解析：the考
63、查冠词。items后有定语从句修饰，故用the表特指。5答案与解析：the考查冠词。one.the other.为固定用法。 此处特指另一组，应用定冠词，故填the。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：an考查冠词。此处的honor意为“荣誉”，应用不定冠词修饰，且honor的发音以元音音素开头，所以填an。2答案与解析：an考查冠词。an amount of为常见搭配，又amount前有increasing修饰，该词的发音以元音音素开头，故用an。3答案与解析：the考查冠词。in the long term“从长远来看”，所以用the。4答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指
64、确认的19个亚种群，故用定冠词the。5答案与解析：a考查冠词。句意同上，way是可数名词，此处泛指“一种更有效的方式”，应该用不定冠词修饰，more的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。6答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处特指校服的款式相同，the same.“相同的”，故填the。代词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：its考查代词。此处表示“它的计划”，故用形容词性物主代词its。2答案与解析：themselves考查反身代词。根据语境可知，主语visitors发出的动作imagine作用于自身，此处应用反身代词形式，故答案为themselves。3答案与解析：them考查代词之人称代词
65、。分析句子结构可知，此处要用代词作find的宾语，故要用人称代词的宾格。they的宾格为them。4答案与解析：those考查代词。根据语境可知，空处指那些在农村地区的人，表示复数，故填代词those。5答案与解析：another句意为：在我看来，骑自行车是一个不错的解决方案。一方面，自行车不需要汽油，并且节能；另一方面，自行车也很环保，因为它们不会释放任何废气。for one thing，for another表示“一方面，另一方面”。考点二1答案与解析：it考查代词。句意：每年春节，在中国工业的中心地带，成千上万的骑摩托的人不畏寒冷的天气，骑摩托上路，下定决心回家。make it to s
66、p.为固定搭配，意为“成功到某地”，home为副词，不与介词连用，make it home意为“成功到家”，故填it。2答案与解析：it分析句子结构可知，该宾语从句是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语的句子。3答案与解析：it考查代词。根据上文的“the railway quickly .”可知，此处用it代替the railway。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：my考查代词。分析句子结构可知， 此处的potential是名词， 意为“潜力”， 故此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词， 故填my。2答案与解析：their考查代词。句意：这位年轻的警察被他们的失子之痛所触动根
67、据空后的loss and sadness(名词短语)可知，该空应填形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。3答案与解析：itself考查反身代词。句意：江苏周庄自称“中国最古老的水乡”。用反身代词itself作calls的宾语。4答案与解析：Its考查代词。句意：该节日的目的是对美国儿童表示庆祝，让人们重视“爱中成长”的重要性。设空处修饰名词aim，联系上句可知，此处表示此节日的目的，表示所属关系，指物，故用形容词性物主代词，又因设空处在句首，首字母要大写，故填Its。5答案与解析：them考查代词。此处应用they的宾格形式作动词smells和stores的宾语。故填them。6答案与解析：
68、both考查固定搭配。both.and.为固定搭配，意为“两者都”。介词突破高考重点点拨易错易混考点一1答案与解析：by考查介词。 空处位于表示被动的动词后， 故应该填by。2答案与解析：on考查介词。根据后文April 3可知表示在具体的某一天应用介词on。3答案与解析：by考查介词。句意：你可以通过参加这样的俱乐部来做这件事。根据句意及后面的doing可知，此处用表达“通过”的介词。考点二1答案与解析：for考查介词。pay for sth.“为付款”是固定用法，所以填介词for。2答案与解析：by考查介词。此处表示“借助于”，故用介词by构成by means of“借助手段”短语。3答案
69、与解析：in考查介词。联合国邀请每个年龄层的人以及每个教室、企业和政府一道庆祝国际幸福日。in celebration of “庆祝”。4答案与解析：with考查介词。此处考查动词短语deal with“处理”。5答案与解析：in句意：在新加坡，没有比唐人街更好地找到中药的地方了，它是一个丰富多彩而充满生机的地方，有着丰富的中国文化和历史。(be)rich in“在方面丰富”。故填in。刷经典试题明晰解题技法语法填空解题技法1答案与解析：from考查介词。结合语境可知，空处表示来源，所以填from。2答案与解析：to考查介词。句意：大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方本土动物。native to是固定
70、短语，“本土的”，故填to。3答案与解析：on考查固定搭配。on earth“在世上”。4答案与解析：for考查介词。根据语境可知，此处表达的是“为了人们的空闲时间和金钱与其他的娱乐活动进行竞争”。compete for“为竞争”，故应用介词for。5答案与解析：in考查介词。live in是固定词组，表示“在地方生活”，故填in。对点跟踪检测提升应试能力语法填空【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究， 并列举了几种主要的能决定一个人对生活的满意程度的因素。1答案与解析：helps考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：一项新的研究表明，开支比收入更能决定一个人对生活的满意程度。分析
71、句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，根据本句的时态及空后的a new study says可知，本句介绍一般事实，应用一般现在时，且此处主语为从句，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填helps。2答案与解析：Unsurprisingly考查词性转换。句意：保险和手机方面的支出与对生活的满意度没有关联， 这不足为奇。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语修饰整个句子， 应填副词，故填Unsurprisingly。3答案与解析：measuring考查非谓语动词。句意：但英国国家统计局表示， 在衡量生活满意度时，总体支出和收入的重要性低于个人情况。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词mattered, 因此measur
72、e应用非谓语形式，且measure与其逻辑主语the ONS之间为主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填measuring。4答案与解析：higher考查形容词的比较级。句意：分析发现年龄也很重要：年轻人的生活满意度比40多岁的人高， 但生活满意度在之后几年会再次上升， 而80多岁的人则会再次下降。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作定语，根据设空处后的than可知，此处应用比较级，故填higher。5答案与解析：conditions考查名词的单复数。句意：生活条件也很重要。分析句子结构可知，设空处作主语，应用名词。且空后谓语动词为复数形式，故此处名词也应用复数形式。故填conditions。“liv
73、ing conditions”意为“生活条件”。6答案与解析：those考查代词。句意：那些拥有自己的家的人认为自己的生活满意度比贫困人口高。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作宾语，指代“贫困的人”，表示泛指，故填those。7答案与解析：an考查冠词。句意：但英国国家统计局发现， 尽管支出比收入更重要， 但收入在2.4万至4.4万英镑之间的家庭， 如果收入增加， 会感到更满足。“an income of.”为固定搭配，意为“的收入”，故填an。8答案与解析：satisfied考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句子中作表语，应用形容词。结合句意可知，此处表示“感到满意的”，故填satisfied。9答案与解析：and考查连词。句意：英国国家统计局说：“没有证据表明，在考虑到年龄、婚姻等其他特征后，家庭收入与总体生活满意度之间存在显著的关联。”分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处为between.and.结构， 表示“在与之间”，故填and。10答案与解析：marriage考查词性转换。句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中与age作并列宾语，应用名词。故填marriage。
