1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 4Global warmingWarming Up & Reading. 根据语境用正确的单词填空1. consume much time and energy 消耗大量的时间和精力2. the trend of public opinion公众舆论趋势3. subscribe to journals订阅期刊4. oppose changing the plan反对改变计划5. state the facts陈述事实6. glance around the ro
2、om在屋里扫视一圈7. a random selection by computer电脑的随机选择8. a mild punishment一个轻微的惩罚9. breathe steadily平稳地呼吸10. plot a graph绘制图表11. add fuel to the fire给火加燃料12. the analysis of the data数据分析. 根据语境用恰当的词补全短语1. Time is running out for the trapped miners. 2. If you subscribe to the newspaper, itll be beneficial
3、to your English study. 3. With the prices going up, we now buy less with the same amount of money. 4. I wonder how it came about that she was half an hour late for such an important exam. 5. Work stress resulted in his mental illness. His health is now at risk. 6. The sports meeting was put off due
4、to the bad weather. 7. During the discussion, many members were opposed to my suggestion, which upset me greatly. 8. The children seemed bored because the teacher kept on telling them the same story over and over. 9. I wouldnt lose courage even if I should fail ten times. 10. With more forests being
5、 destroyed, huge quantities of good soil are being washed away each year. . 根据课文及汉语提示补全句子1. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问, 地球在变暖, 并且全球变暖是人为的, 而不是一种随意的自然现象。2. Some
6、 byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, the most important one of which is carbon dioxide. 这个过程的一些副产品被称为“温室”气体, 其中最重要的是二氧化碳。3. It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not, turn it off! 只要你在使用电器设备, 你便可以让它开着。如果不用就把它关掉! 根据给出的构词规则完成下面空格。1. 名词变复数的不规则变
7、化phenomenonphenomena现象mediummedia媒体crisiscrises危机criterioncriteria标准datumdata数据bacteriumbacteria细菌2. “sub-前缀+名词”构成动词, 具有“在下, 向下, 副”之意, 在句中作谓语。scribesubscribe同意; 捐赠; 订阅sidesubside平息, 减弱titlesubtitle给加副标题框架宏观建构: 整体理解文本微观剖析: 细节探究1. 根据文章细节信息完成下列问题。(1)Who found out the amount of carbon dioxide in the atm
8、osphere from 1957 to 1997? A. Dr Janice Foster. B. Charles Keeling. C. George Hambley. D. Sophie Armstrong. (2)What may be the bad effects of global warming according to the passage? A. There may be a rise of several metres in the sea level. B. There may be severe storms, floods, droughts, famines o
9、r the spread of diseases. C. There may be the disappearance of species. D. All of the above. (3)Some scientists like George Hambley think that the temperature increase will . A. cause a rise of several metres in the sea levelB. cause the spread of diseases and the disappearance of speciesC. encourag
10、e a greater range of animalsD. cause severe storms, floods, droughts and famines(4)Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Greenhouse gases refer to some byproducts of the burning of fossil fuels. B. The global warming is a random rather than natural phenomenon. C. The temperature i
11、n the last century increased by as high as 5 degrees. D. Fewer greenhouse gases will gather in the atmosphere. (5) The main difference between Dr Janice Fosters theory and George Hambleys lies in . A. how to prevent global warmingB. what causes global warmingC. whether global warming would cause ser
12、ious problems or notD. whether the levels of carbon dioxide have increased or not over the years答案: (1)(5)BDCAC2. 运用语句知识解构课文中的长难句。译文: 他们还赞同下述观点: 正是越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧导致了二氧化碳的增加。译文: 在另一方面, 还有一些人, 像乔治汉布利, 反对这种观点, 他们认为我们不应该担心空气中会有高含量的二氧化碳。根据文章内容完成空格。Global warmingThe introduction of the topicIts a natural (1)
13、phenomenon and it is a rapid increase of temperature when (2)compared to other natural changes. The cause of global warmingThere is no doubt (3)that it is human activity that has caused global warming. All scientists subscribe (4)to the view that global warming is the (5)consequence of burning fossi
14、l fuels. The burning of more and more fossil fuels will result (6)in the increase in carbon dioxide in the air. Two different attitudes (7)towards global warmingSome scientists think any (8)trend in which the temperature increases by 5 degrees would lead to a catastrophe. Others, who are (9)opposed
15、to them, think that global warming does good rather than harm to the earth. Puzzles about the effects of global warmingAlthough the climate is going to keep on (10)warming, no one knows the effects of global warming. 阅读思维升华: 主题实践1. 结合课文主题, 回答下列问题。(1)What do you think of the “greenhouse effect”? On t
16、he one hand, without it, the earth would be much cooler than it is; on the other hand, it has caused global warming, which will have a great influence on us in the future. (2)What do you think we can do to improve our environment? In my opinion, individuals can make a difference to the improvements
17、of our environment. For example, turn off the electrical appliances if unnecessary and walk or ride a bike instead of taking vehicles to save energy. Besides, plant more trees as they can absorb carbon dioxide from the air. 2. 根据提示, 运用本单元词汇与句型完成短文。(1)科学家都赞同(subscribe to)这种观点, 是人类活动(it is. . . that.
18、. . )导致了全球变暖。(2)对于全球变暖的影响, 科学家们的态度大不相同。有的认为, 全球变暖会导致(result in)一场灾难; 而有些人反对(be opposed to)这一观点并相信, 全球变暖将对人类有好处(do good to)。All scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has caused global warming. About the effects of global warming, the attitudes of scientists are completely di
19、fferent. Some think it will result in a catastrophe. Others are opposed to this view and believe that it will do good to humans. 1. come about 发生; 造成*So how has this come about and does it matter? 那么, 这是怎么产生的呢? 会有什么影响吗? *I came across a group of children playing. 我碰到一群正在玩耍的小孩。*But the issue did not
20、come up in this way. 但是问题并没有以这种方式被提出来。【语块积累】come across 偶然遇到; 无意中找到come off从掉下来come on加油; 赶快come out出来; 出版; 发芽come to提及; 共计; 苏醒come up走近; 被提出 come about 用法小贴士come about是不及物动词短语, 不能接宾语, 也没有被动语态, 主语一般是物。【知识延伸】come about与happen、take place、occur的区别(1)take place 一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”, 即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或事先的安排。*Gre
21、at changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years. 过去十年间我们的家乡发生了巨大变化。(2)happen一般用于偶然或突发性事件。*Maybe something unexpected happened. 也许发生了意外的事。(3)occur意为“发生、想到、突然想起”, 其意义相当于happen。It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house. 我突然想起她还不知道我已经搬入新家。(4)come about表示“
22、发生、产生”, 多指事情已经发生了, 但还不知道为什么, 常用于疑问句和否定句。*When Mother woke up, she didnt know what had come about. 当母亲醒来时, 她不知道发生了什么。语法填空。(1)What on earth are the police busy with? They have been looking into how the plane crash came about. (2)When it comes to speaking (speak) in public, no one can match him. (3)The
23、 meaning of this word will come across to you sooner or later. 【补偿训练】选词填空(come about/happen/take place/occur)。(1)It is necessary to know some knowledge of first aid as dangers lie everywhere and accidents happen from time to time. (2)We are working on the assumption that the conference will take pla
24、ce as planned. (3)How did it come about that you made such a silly mistake? (4)It occurred to me that I had left my umbrella upstairs. 2. quantity n. 量; 数量*(2019北京高考) “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing, ” she said, “but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”“不仅海洋浮游
25、植物的数量在变化, ”她说, “而且浮游植物的种类也在变化。”*The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 当我们向大气中添加大量额外的二氧化碳时, 问题就开始了。*As a result of destroying the forests, a large quantity of desert has covered the land. 由于破坏了森林, 大量的沙漠覆盖了陆地。*The cards are cheaper if you buy them
26、in quantity. 如果你大批量购买这些卡片要便宜些。【语块积累】in quantity=in large amounts大量; 很多a large/small quantity of大量的/少量的quantities of 大量; 许多 明辨quantity的单复数(1)“a large quantity of+不可数名词或可数名词复数”作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。(2)“quantities of+不可数名词或可数名词复数”作主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。【知识延伸】英语中与“quantities of+n. ”作主语用法相同的短语结构还有amounts of, masses o
27、f, piles of等。A large amount of damage has been done by the flood. 洪水已经造成了很大的损失。Large amounts of money have been spent on the project. 这个项目已经花了很多钱。(1)语法填空。A large quantity of beer was sold (sell) yesterday. Large quantities of food are wasted (waste) because of the way it looks. A large quantity of a
28、ir conditioners has been sold (sell) since the summer came. She likes reading and always buys books in quantity. (2)Quantities of water polluted, we are faced with serious shortage of water. 大量的水被污染, 我们面临着严重的缺水问题。3. tend vi. 趋向; 易于; 照顾 vt. 照顾; 护理*Older persons tend to be more affected by chronic and
29、 non-communicable diseases, making them more vulnerable to succumbing to COVID-19. 老年人更容易受到慢性和非传染性疾病的影响, 使他们更容易感染新冠肺炎。*In Europe surnames tend to come either from a profession, a fathers name or even from the varied landscapes of the continent. 在欧洲, 姓氏往往要么来自职业, 要么来自父亲的名字, 甚至来自欧洲大陆的各种风景。*We employed
30、a girl to tend (to) the children for a few hours each day. 我们雇了一个女孩, 每天照料孩子们几个小时。*In our class, there is a tendency for students to go on a diet to get slim. 在我们班, 学生有节食减肥的趋势。【语块积累】(1)tend (to)照顾; 照料(2)tendency n. 趋向, 倾向a tendency to/towards的倾向(2021全国乙卷)Even soccer fans tend to have a seat each; gon
31、e are the days of thousands standing to watch the match. 就连足球迷也有自己的座位; 成千上万人站着看比赛的日子一去不复返了。(1)语法填空。She had to stay at home, tending (tend) to her sick mother. There is a tendency towards/to regional cooperation. (2)Housing price is tending to go down because of the economic crisis all over the world
32、. 因为全世界的经济危机, 房价正趋于下降。4. go up 上升; 增长; 升起*This year housing prices in most cities have gone down steadily instead of going up. 今年, 大部分城市的房价没有上升, 而是平缓地下降。*Without more coal, the fire will soon go out. 不再放些煤炭, 火将会很快熄灭。*As you go through this book, you will find that each of the millions of people who
33、lived through World War had a different experience. 当你浏览这本书的时候, 你就会发现经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每个人都有不同的经历。*Nowadays young people tend not to go against their wishes for a job. 现在年轻人往往不愿意为了工作而违背自己的意愿。【语块积累】go by逝去; 过去go on继续; 进行; 发生go out出去; 熄灭go over复习; 仔细检查go through经历; 通过; 完成; 检查go against违背; 违反(1)语法填空。Wer
34、e bosom friends because weve gone through many kinds of troubles together. The prices of goods kept going up and we had to cut the expenses in order to meet our daily needs. With time going by, our supply is running out. Go over the whole book again before the exam. (2)When and where to go on an out
35、ing hasnt been decided yet. 何时在何地郊游还没有决定。5. result in 导致*They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他们还一致认为, 正是越来越多的化石燃料的燃烧导致了二氧化碳的增加。*(2019江苏高考) However, they have real impacts, as they result in misguided use of scarce
36、 resources. 然而, 它们有实际的影响, 因为它们导致了对稀缺资源的错误使用。*The great achievements made in the past 40 years resulted from the joint efforts of all the Chinese people. 过去40年来取得的巨大成就是全中国人民共同努力的结果。*The weather was bad, as a result, we had to put off our hiking. 天气不好, 结果我们不得不推迟徒步旅行。*According to Sparrow, we are not b
37、ecoming people with poor memories as a result of the Internet. 依据斯帕罗的说法, 我们不会由于互联网而减退记忆力。【语块积累】(1)result from由产生(2)resultn. 结果as a result因此; 结果as a result of作为的结果; 由于 without result无效地, 毫无结果地【巧学助记】result短语荟萃(1)语法填空。He overslept, resulting (result) in his being late for class. As a result of your car
38、elessness, the plan should be put off at least one month. (2)一句多译。很多人认为新冠肺炎是由蝙蝠引起的。Many people thought COVID-19 resulted from bats. Many people thought bats resulted in COVID-19. Many people thought COVID-19 broke out as a result of bats. 6. oppose vt. 反对; 反抗; 与(某人)较量*The government called on the wo
39、rkers to oppose waste. 政府号召工人反对浪费。*The mother opposed her daughters going there alone. 这位母亲反对她的女儿一个人去那里。*Oppose your views against mine. 把你的观点和我的观点对照一下。*The majority of people were opposed to the project. As a result, it wasnt adopted. 大多数人反对这个方案, 因此它没被采纳。【语块积累】oppose sth. to/against sth. 使某事物与另一事物对
40、照或对抗(2)opposedadj. 相反的, 对立的be opposed to. . . 反对; 与对立(1)oppose后跟表示动作的词作宾语时, 要用动名词形式。be opposed to结构中, to是介词, 其后的动词也要用动名词形式。(2)表示反对的其他表达: disagree with, object to, be against等。(1)语法填空。His daughter is very athletic as opposed (oppose) to his son. They opposed building(build) the new hotel because of t
41、he great cost. (2)With a lot of people opposed to/opposing the new proposal, the government postponed it. (用with的复合结构)由于许多人反对这项新提案, 政府把它推迟了。7. keep on继续*In my opinion, we must keep on doing morning exercises, because it can make us energetic and make us learn our lessons more effectively. 依我看, 我们必须坚
42、持做早操, 因为它可以让我们充满活力, 学习效率更高。*(2019天津高考) With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. 有了高度的动机和热情, 我们可以继续学习。*He made a fire to keep off wild animals. 他生了火使野兽不敢走近。*Warm clothing will keep out the cold. 暖和衣服可以御寒。*Keep in mind that the mobile phone is no more than a tool. 一定要记住, 手机只是一件工具。
43、【语块积累】keep back隐瞒; 忍住keep off避开; 不靠近keep up坚持; 维持; 沿袭(风俗、传统等)keep out遮挡; 使不进入keep. . . out of 不使入内; 使不卷入某事keep up with 赶上, 不落在后面keep in touch with. . . 与保持联系keep away from(使)不接近; 远离keep. . . in mind记住Keep on going; never give up. 勇往直前, 决不放弃! (1)语法填空。She couldnt keep back her tears. Keep the dog out
44、of my room. I hope the fine weather will keep up. The sign says “Keep off the grass! ”(2)As far as I can see, here is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. 在我看来, 只有一种可能的方法可以远离危险。(3)During the Spring Festival in 2020, it was common for people to keep in touch with each other online. 202
45、0年春节期间, 人们普遍通过网络保持联系。(4)They always keep the interests of the people in mind. 他们时刻想着人民的利益。(5)In order to do the experiment well, the research center has to keep up with the latest computers and hardware regardless of the price. 为了把实验做好, 研究中心不得不不顾价格, 跟上最新的计算机和硬件。8. glance vi. 看一下; 扫视; n. 一瞥*Lily is s
46、o shy that whenever she is introduced to strangers, she always glances at them quickly and then looks down at the ground. 莉莉很害羞, 因此每当被介绍给陌生人时, 她总是快速看一眼就把头低下看着地了。*I glanced up quickly to see who had come in. 我迅速抬头瞥了一眼看是谁进来了。*She glanced through the report. 她大致浏览了一下报告。*At first glance the problem seem
47、ed easy. 乍一看问题似乎很简单。*He gave her a quick glance and kept on watching TV. 他快速瞥了她一眼, 继续看电视。【语块积累】(1)glance at/over/through 浏览glance about/around环顾(2)at first glance 乍一看, 初看; 第一眼就at a glance一眼; 立刻(2020天津高考)Vinnie glanced around and noted the size of his office. 维尼环顾四周, 注意到了他办公室的大小。Never judge people at
48、 first glance, for true beauty comes from the inside. 永远不要以貌取人, 因为真正的美发自内心。语法填空。(1)Glancing at the newspapers before breakfast, the professor had a brief understanding of what was happening throughout the nation. (2)He glanced around the room. (3)He could tell at a glance what was wrong. (4)Both of
49、them are the same at first glance, but in fact they are different. 9. There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫无疑问, 地球在变暖, 并且全球变暖是人为的, 而不是一种随意的自然现象。【句式解构】(1)该句为主从复合句, doubt后面为th
50、at引导的两个并列的同位语从句。(2)在第二个that引导的同位语从句中含有一个强调句, 强调句子的主语human activity。*There is no doubt that more and more intelligent robots are being used in industrial fields, taking the place of humans to do many dangerous tasks. 毫无疑问, 越来越多的智能机器人被应用于工业领域, 代替人类做许多危险的工作。*There is some doubt whether he will keep on
51、investing in the property market. 他是否继续投资房地产市场还不一定。*It is your efforts, not your intelligence that determine your success. 是你的努力, 而不是你的智力决定你的成功。【语块积累】(1)There is no doubt that. . . 毫无疑问There is some doubt whether. . . 怀疑without/beyond doubt无疑地, 一定(2)doubt whether/if. . . 怀疑 dont doubt that. . . 毫不怀疑
52、 doubt用法面面观doubt作名词时(1)在否定句中用that引导同位语从句(2)在肯定句中用whether引导同位语从句, 此时不能与if互换作动词时(1)在否定句、疑问句中用that引导宾语从句(2)在肯定句中用whether/if引导宾语从句(1)语法填空。Our class is made up of 52 students, all of whom are friendly and hard-working. There is no doubt that you can get along well with them. I dont doubt that my father w
53、ill come to watch my performance, but I doubt whether/if he can come on time. There is still some doubt whether the autumn sports meet will be held in our school. It is our parents that/who we can always depend on when were in trouble. (2)I never doubt that (我从不怀疑)special classes can help the gifted
54、 children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. (3)Johns success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work that has made him what he is today. 约翰的成功和好运气没关系。是多年的努力工作才使他有了今天。10. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the c
55、limate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量, 在未来几十年或几个世纪内, 气候仍会持续转暖。【句式解构】该句为主从复合句, even if/though“即使, 尽管”; 引导让步状语从句, 表示语气较强的让步。*Dean still refused to join in the game, even if/though we all did our best to persuade him. 尽管我们都尽最大的努力去说服Dean, 但是他依然拒绝参加这场比赛。*Even
56、 if we encounter great difficulties in the work of poverty alleviation, we should not retreat. 即使我们在脱贫攻坚工作中遇到了很大的困难, 也不应该退缩。(1)Even if/though I am busy with my lessons, I have managed to find time to stay with my friends. 尽管我忙于功课, 我还是设法挤出时间和朋友们在一起。(2)Even if/though my work is challenging, I dont get
57、 tired of it. 即使我的工作很有挑战性, 我也不厌倦。【要点拾遗】1. random adj. 胡乱的; 任意的*Replace some part of the file with random data. 用随机数据替换该文件的某一部分。*The information is processed in a random order. 信息是按随机顺序处理的。*Names were chosen at random from a list. 名字是从名单中随机选的。【语块积累】(1)random n. 随意; 随机at random胡乱地; 随机(2)randomly adv.
58、随机地(1)语法填空。He reads a great dealbut at random for pleasure. Because computers are precise instruments, they are not designed to think randomly(random). (2)The list is arranged in a random order. 译: 名单排列不分先后。2. subscribe vi. 同意; 捐赠; 订阅vt. 签署(文件); 捐助*All scientists subscribe to the view that the incre
59、ase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels. 所有的科学家都赞同这种观点: 地球温度的升高是由燃烧化石燃料引起的。*He subscribes regularly to Amnesty International. 他定期向大赦国际捐款。*We use the iTunes Music Store to subscribe to the shows that we want to watch. 我们使用iTunes音乐商店订阅我们想看的节目。【语块积累】subscribe to. . . 同意/捐赠/订
60、阅subscribe. . . to . . . 向捐(1)Mr Smith subscribes a large quantity of money to charities every year. 史密斯先生每年向慈善机构捐一大笔钱。(2)It was more than 10 years ago that I subscribed to Readers Digest. 我是十多年前订阅的读者文摘。(3)The authorities no longer subscribe to the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teacher
61、s. 当局不再支持残疾人不适宜做教师的观点。3. consequence n. 结果; 后果; 影响*They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences. 他们预言说, 变暖的情况不会很严重, 对环境的坏影响也不会太多。*He studied hard, and in consequence he passed the exam. = He studied hard, and as a consequence he passed the exam. 他努力学习, 因此通过了考试。*
62、In consequence of the removal of the new computer virus, the system was restored to its normal operation. =As a consequence of the removal of the new computer virus, the system was restored to its normal operation. 由于清除了新的计算机病毒, 该系统恢复了正常运行。*The rise in global temperature will result in unusual conse
63、quences. 全球气温上升将会导致异常的结果。【语块积累】(1)in consequence/as a consequence 结果in consequence of/as a consequence of因为(2)consequent adj. 作为结果的, 随之发生的consequently=thereforeadv. 所以; 因而, 因此 一样的“原因”和“结果”(1)as a consequence 与as a result 同义, 意为“结果”, 可互换。(2)as a consequence of 与 as a result of同义, 意为“由于”, 表原因, 可互换。(1)
64、语法填空。Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently (consequent) he knows very little about it. He missed the last bus. In consequence, he had to walk home. I didnt keep my promise. As a consequence, he doesnt keep in touch with me any longer. (2)句型转换。People suffered a lot of losses in consequence
65、of the flood. People suffered a lot of losses as a consequence of the flood. In consequence, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. As a consequence, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. 4. state vt. 陈述; 说明*The new law states that p
66、eople mustnt drive after drinking alcohol. 新法律规定人们酒后禁止开车。*Just as the state of water is determined by the temperature, the state of one persons life is determined by temperature of his heart. 正如水的状态是由温度决定的, 人生的状态是由自己心灵的温度决定的。*Not all the people present at the meeting were opposed to what he stated.
67、不是所有出席会议的人都反对他所说的话。【语块积累】(1)state n. 状况; 国家; 州in a state of. . . 处于的状态 (2)statement n. 陈述, 声明(1)语法填空。Im not making excuses; Im simply stating (state) a fact. According to his statement (state), children under 16 are not allowed to join the club. (2)He was warned not to make any statements to the pre
68、ss about the incident. 他被警告不要向印刷媒体就该事件做任何声明。(3)A gratitude journal is a great way to keep yourself in a positive state of mind. 感恩日记是让自己保持积极心态的好方法。5. range n. 种类; 范围*China adjusted import tariffs for a range of products starting from Jan. 1, 2020 to promote high-quality development of trade. 为推进贸易高质
69、量发展, 中国自2020年1月1日起, 调整部分商品进口关税。*Its definitely out of range for most backpackers, myself included. 这对于背包客来说是很难承受的, 其中也包括我自己。*He has had a quantity of different jobs, ranging from chef to swimming instructor. 他做过许多不同的工作, 从厨师到游泳教练。【语块积累】(1)a wide range of广泛的beyond/out of ones range超出某人的能力范围within the
70、range of在范围之内(2)range v. (在一定范围内)变动, 变化; 排列 range 在之间变化【巧学助记】图解记忆range【熟词生义】Our conversation ranged widely. 我们的谈话涉及的范围很广。(vt. 涉及, 包含)All the books are ranged on the shelf. 所有的书都排列在书架上。(vt. 排列; 把分类)(2021全国乙卷)And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express di
71、fferent grades of gratitude. 然后我意识到, 如果我们有一系列表达不同程度感激的词汇, 事情会简单得多。(1)语法填空。The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools ranging (range) from kindergarten to high school. Topics range from beauty to the risks of drinking. (2)This restaurant has become popular for its wide r
72、ange of foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 因为有各种各样的食物来满足所有口味和消费阶层, 这家饭店已非常受欢迎。(3)This was beyond the range of his experience. 这超出了他的阅历。6. The air inside is warm because the glass traps the heat from the sun and keeps it from escaping. 里面的空气是温暖的, 因为玻璃困住了太阳散发的热量, 使热散不出去。【句式解构】(1)该句为主从复合句, because
73、引导原因状语从句。(2)句中“keeps it from escaping”为“keep. . . from doing sth. ”结构, 意为“阻止做某事”。*His house caught fire, because he went out but left the stove burning in the kitchen. 他的房子着火了, 因为他出去后厨房炉灶还在烧。*We should keep children from playing too many games. 我们应防止孩子们玩太多游戏。*I tried to keep my father from smoking,
74、but failed. 我尽力劝阻爸爸吸烟, 但没成功。(1)because除了引导原因状语从句, 还可以引导表语从句。主语往往是it, this, that。(2)当主句主语是reason时, 表语从句用that引导, 不用because。(3)keep. . . from doing sth. 中的from不可以省略; 但是在“stop/prevent. . . from doing sth. 中的from可以省略。Keep good men company and you shall be of the number. 近朱者赤, 近墨者黑。(1)Tom came late for th
75、e meeting. That was because he was ill. 汤姆开会迟到了, 那是因为他病了。(2)Thats why he gave me such a poor grade in that class. 那就是那节课他给我如此低的分数的原因。(3)Embarrassment has kept me from doing all sorts of things. 我总是害怕受窘, 什么事都不敢去做。(4)单句改错。The reason why I was late for school was because my alarm clock went wrong. (将be
76、cause改为that)The heavy rain kept me attending Marys birthday party last night. (在me后加上from)7. This makes the greenhouse heat up and so the plants can grow throughout the cold period. 这使得温室变暖, 因此作物能在寒冷的时候生长。【句式解构】(1)该句为and连接的并列句。(2)句中“makes the greenhouse heat up”为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。该结构中宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、
77、副词、介词短语、动词不定式和过去分词等充当。*Im looking for a job which will make me develop my talents fully. 我在找一份能充分发挥我的才能的工作。*Can you make yourself understood in Russian? 你能用俄语表达你的意思吗? *At the class meeting, we all made Lin Tao monitor of our class. 班会上我们都选林涛当班长。*We should make the quality of our products even better
78、. 我们要使产品质量更上一层楼。*He made it clear that he objected. 他明确表示反对。【语块积累】(1)make sb. do sth. (迫) 使某人做某事(2)make sb. /sth. +形容词/副词使处于某种状态(3)make sb. /sth. +名词使成为; 让当 (4)make oneself/sth. done使某人自己/某事被“make+名词/代词+省略to的动词不定式”意为“让某人做某事”。但要注意, 此结构在被动语态中, 原来不带to的动词不定式要变成带to的动词不定式。【知识延伸】(1)make+it(形式宾语)+形容词/名词+tha
79、t宾语从句make+it(形式宾语)+形容词/名词+(for sb. ) to do不定式作宾语make+it(形式宾语)+no good/no use . . . +doing sth. 作宾语(2)常用于这种句型的动词还有: think, consider, find, feel。(2020新高考全国卷)Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than anticipated. 始终让你的演讲比预期的简短一点。What makes life dreary is the want of motive. George Eliot没有了目
80、的, 生活便郁闷无光。乔治艾略特(1)The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队获胜的消息使我们大家非常高兴。(2)We made him captain of our football team. 我们推选他当我们的足球队队长。(3)Paul doesnt have to be made to learn. He always works hard. 保罗不需要被逼着学习。他一直学习很努力。(4)She couldnt make herself heard above the noise of the traffic. 车辆噪
81、音很大, 她无法让人听到她的声音。(5)People in the west make it a rule to buy Christmas presents for their relatives and friends. 西方国家的人习惯给亲朋好友买圣诞礼物。(6)Mastering the technology makes it possible that we can use the Internet more effectively. 精通这项技术可能会让我们更加有效地利用网络。1. While many industries have been hit hard by the CO
82、VID-19 pandemic, Chinese partners of DTS have been working hard to maintain steady growth during the pandemic. 在许多行业受到新冠肺炎疫情冲击的情况下, DTS中方合作伙伴一直在努力保持疫情期间的稳定增长。2. Most of the electric buses are charged overnight for two hours and then they can run their entire service, as the range of the bus is 200km
83、 per charge. 对大多数电动公交车来说, 在晚上充电两小时, 就能支持第二天的运营全程, 因为每次充电的续航里程是200千米。3. The Moons far side, or dark side, is not visible from the Earth due to a phenomenon called tidal locking. 由于潮汐锁定现象, 月球遥远的一面, 或者说黑暗的一面, 在地球上是看不到的。4. It is the reform and opening-up that has resulted in a great leap forward in the
84、cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. 是改革开放促进了中国特色社会主义事业的伟大飞跃。. 语段填词1. The new light bulbs consume (消耗) less electricity. As a result, they have saved large quantities(数量) of energy for us. 2. He stated (说明) that even if they were opposed (反对) to the project, he would stick to it. 3. I ha
85、ve subscribed (订购) to a magazine that covers a wide range (种类) of topics. 4. He is firm and steady (稳当的) and above all he is a mild (温和的) man who never shouts. 5. The mother glanced (扫视) over her sons room and found that everything was put in a random (胡乱的) order. . 单句语法填空1. The accident that result
86、ed in the death of two passengers resulted from careless driving. 2. To our relief, our economy is developing steadily(steady). 3. For such an important problem, we shouldnt decide it randomly(random). 4. How did it come about that he knew where we were? 5. I subscribe to a number of journals concer
87、ned with my subject. 6. Keep on going(go) till you come to a red brick building. 7. Large quantities of energy from the sun are(be) being taken with modern equipment now. 8. We must take all possible measures to tend(tend) to improve working conditions. 9. Thousands and thousands of people attended
88、the presidents ceremony, with ages ranging(rang) from 5 to 100. 10. There remains a certain doubt among the people as to the true value of the project. . 完成句子1. Similarly, with living standards improving, people tend to provide their children with material comforts. 同样, 随着生活水平的提高, 人们倾向于给孩子提供物质享受。2.
89、There is no doubt that we can both relax ourselves and know the true meaning of life by watching movies. 毫无疑问, 我们通过看电影既可以放松自己又能知道生活的真正意义。3. This greatly affects their health and makes their parents and teachers concerned. 这极大地影响了他们的健康, 使他们的父母和老师担心。4. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids
90、 all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. 她说这些睡前活动会让孩子们兴奋起来, 让他们很难平静下来睡觉。5. There is some doubt whether he can solve the problem independently. 他是否能独立解决这个问题还有些疑问。6. The heavy rain kept us from carrying out the plan on time. 大雨使我们不能按时实施计划。7. It was through the Internet that they
91、kept in touch with each other. 他们彼此正是通过互联网保持联系。8. Even though it was raining, they kept on working until it was finished. 尽管下着雨, 他们还是继续工作, 直至完成。. 课文短文改错Compared to other natural changes, the temperature of the earth is rising rapid. All scientists subscribe the view which the increase in the earths
92、temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels. Some byproducts of this process are called “greenhouse” gases, which is mostly carbon dioxide. When huge quantity of extra carbon dioxide are steadily added to the atmosphere, more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere caused the global
93、temperature to go up. The attitudes of scientists towards this rise are different. Some think that the trend which increases the temperature would be the catastrophe. Others are opposed with this view, advocating that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequence. All in all, green
94、house gases continue to build up in the atmosphere. Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 答案: 1. 【解析】第一句rapid改为rapidly。此处修饰动词, 故用副词形式。2. 【解析】第二句subscribe后加to。构成固定短语, 意为“同意”。3. 【解析】第二句wh
95、ich改为that。分析句式, 可知此处为同位语从句, 且从句中不缺成分, 故用that引导。4. 【解析】第三句is改为are。此处为定语从句, 其谓语动词的单复数由先行词决定, 先行词“greenhouse” gases是复数, 故用are。5. 【解析】第四句quantity改为quantities。前面没有不定冠词, quantity要用复数形式, huge quantities of表示大量的。6. 【解析】第四句caused改为causing。分析句式和句意, cause在此句中作结果状语, 主语与cause之间是逻辑上的主谓关系, 故用v. -ing形式。7. 【解析】第六句中第三个the改为a。此处表示泛指概念, 不是特指, 故用不定冠词。8. 【解析】第七句中第一个with改为to。此处为固定短语be opposed to, 意为“反对”。9. 【解析】第七句中consequence改为consequences。consequence是可数名词, 前面被few修饰, 故用复数形式。10. 【解析】第九句中第二个the删除。此处other表示“其他的”, 作定语修饰名词, 不用冠词。关闭Word文档返回原板块
