1、Unit 3Under the sea单词拓展1.witnessvt.目击 n.目击者;证人2.abandon vt.放弃;抛弃abandonedadj.被抛弃的3.scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓scaredadj.害怕的 4.urge vt.催促;极力主张urgentadj.紧急的5.accommodation n.住所;住宿accommodatevt.容纳;考虑到6.reflect vi.思考 vt.反射;思考reflectedadj.反射的,反映的 reflectionn.反射,反思7.depth n.深(度);深处deepenvt.加深,深化deeplyadv.深深地8.relat
2、ionship n.关系;血缘关系relationn.关系,亲戚relatevt.联系relativeadj.有关系的relativityn.相对性;相对论 9.annualadj.每年的 n.年刊annuallyadv.每年;按年度计算10.aware adj.意识到的awarenessn.知道11.narrow adj.狭窄的;有限的narrowlyadv.勉强地;狭窄地 12.sharp adj.锐利的;锋利的sharpenv.削尖;磨快sharpenern.削刀;磨具13.tastyadj.好吃的;可口的tasten.味道tastefuladj.有鉴赏力的14.awesome adj.
3、使人敬畏的15.opposite prep.在对面 adj.相对的oppositeadv.相对地,在对面oppositionn.反对,敌对16.targetn. 目标;靶17.vividadj.生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的18.shallowadj.浅的;肤浅的;浅显的单词拓展短语记忆1.help (.) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难2.be/become aware of对知道、明白;意识到3.hold up举起;抬起;阻止4.sort out分类,整理5.ahead of优于;在前面6.aim at瞄准7.upside down上下翻转8.(be) scared to death吓死了句型整
4、理1.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。2.As we drew closer,I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸
5、鱼正被其他大约6条(虎鲸)袭击。3.This was the call that announced there was about to be a whale hunt.这是宣告捕鲸行动马上就要开始的呼声。1.witness n.目击者;证人;证据vt.当场见到;目击;见证归纳拓展a witness/witnesses to/of 的目击者/见证人/证据witness to (doing) sth.证实/证明(做)某事;作证(说)(做)某事give witness to 作为的证据;证明witness for 为作证高考运用:语法填空His good health is a(证明)to th
6、e success of the treatment.The driver witnessed to (see) the man enter the building.The temples give witness the citys former greatness.答案:witnesshaving seentoThe witness who witnessed the accident gave witness to the police and promised to be a witness.这个目击了这场事故的目击者向警方提交了证据并答应作证人。witness作及物动词,其主语可以
7、是时间或地点,表示“是发生某事的时间或地点”。在短语“witness to.”中 to 为介词,其后可跟名词、代词和动词-ing形式。2.abandon vt.放弃;遗弃;抛弃;离弃归纳拓展abandon oneself to 沉溺于abandon doing sth.放弃做某事with abandon放任地,放纵地高考运用:语法填空Wang collected more than 7 million (abandon)bricks of different ages.(2019全国,阅读理解C)Those who abandon themselves despair cannot succe
8、ed.They abandoned (carry) out the plan because of the lack of money.答案:abandonedtocarrying3.scare vt.恐吓vi.受惊吓归纳拓展scare sb.away/off 把某人吓跑scare sb.into/out of doing sth.吓得某人做/不敢做某事be scared to do sth.害怕干某事be scared of 害怕be scared to death 吓死高考运用:完成句子Some parents try to (用吓唬的方法使孩子守规矩).I (吓得要死) at the t
9、hought of being bitten by the dog.答案:scare their children into behaving wellwas scared to death写作联想:高考运用其他表达方式I was frightened to death at the thought of being bitten by the dog.I was nearly dead with fright at the thought of being bitten by the dog.4.urge vt.催促;极力主张;力促n.冲动;迫切要求归纳拓展urge sb.to do/int
10、o doing sth.催促某人做某事urge+that.(should+)do 主张It is urged that sb.(should) do sth.坚决要求/极力主张某人做某事have an urge to do sth.迫切要做某事高考运用:完成句子But the (冲动)would no doubt be greater if you were living on the streets with little food and money.(2019北京,完形填空)We should constantly (鞭策自己学习) hard. (人们极力主张) the governme
11、nt (should) take immediate action to prevent such things happening again.答案:urgeurge ourselves to studyIt is urged that5.help (.) out 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难;协助;使(某人)脱离困境归纳拓展help sb.with/(to) do sth.帮助某人某事/做某事cant help doing sth.忍不住做某事cant help but do sth.只得做某事,不得不做某事help oneself (to sth.) 随便用(食物等)高考运用:完成句子A
12、good neighbor is also one who likes to (帮助摆脱困境)in small ways.(2019浙江,七选五)Would you please (帮我打扫房间)?It was raining so hard that we(禁不住)wondering how long it would take to get there.(2019全国,语法填空)With so much work to do,he (不得不向他的朋友们求助).答案:help outhelp me clean the roomcouldnt helpcant help but ask his
13、 friends for help6.be/become/get aware of 对知道、明白;意识到归纳拓展be aware that.知道;体会到make sb.aware that/of.提醒某人注意raise ones awareness of. 提高某人的意识develop an awareness of.逐渐懂得高考运用:完成句子Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes (我们没有意识到)how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.(2019全国,阅读理解B)Drivers (应当被提醒
14、) the danger of driving after drinking.There are lots of ways to(提高意识)for a cause.(2019浙江,完形填空)答案:were not awareshould be made aware ofraise awareness7.hold up 举起;抬起;阻止归纳拓展hold on坚持;抓住;稍等(电话用语)hold back 踌躇,阻止hold out 坚持到底;伸出(手)hold off推迟高考运用:完成句子I was (遇事耽搁) on the way so I was late.Id thought I cou
15、ld (坚持到底) till my dentist came back from holiday,but the pain was really unbearable.Could you (推迟) your decision until next week?答案:held uphold outhold off8.It was a time when the killer whales,or “killers” as they were then called,helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual
16、 migration.那个时期,虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。It was a time when.是when引导的定语从句,修饰先行词a time。归纳拓展It was a time when.=This was a time when.=That was a time when.=There was a time when.曾经一度(那时)高考运用:完成句子He lived in (的时代) the blind couldnt get much education.(曾经一度)people may have felt awkward about asking
17、 for a table for one.(2019全国,阅读理解C)答案:a time whenThere was a time when9.As we drew closer,I could see a whale being attacked by a pack of about six other killers.随着我们的靠近,我能看见一条鲸鱼正被其他大约6条(虎鲸)袭击。see a whale being attacked看到一条鲸鱼正在被袭击,句中being attacked作宾语补足语,表示被动的含义。being done结构是doing的被动形式, 在句中作主语、宾语、定语、
18、宾语补足语等。高考运用:语法填空When I was a child,I liked to watch bicycles (repair).The school (build) is for the children in the area. (bite) by a dog put him into hospital.Yet instead of (discourage) by my slow progress,I was excited.(2019全国,完形填空)答案:being repairedbeing builtBeing bittenbeing discouraged“being done”形式作宾语补足语和后置定语时表被动同时又表进行,然而在作主语和宾语时仅表被动。
