1、考点规范练8.阅读理解A(2019北京)The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,ap
2、ps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,its too little,toolate.By the time these “solutions”(解决方案)become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be
3、in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this years I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice
4、technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amo
5、unt than precision.A decade of data breaches(数据侵入) of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name,and far more.Armed with this knowledge,theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.Thismeans,forexample,that a scammer coul
6、d call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers,tricking you into “confirming” your address,mothersname,and card number.Scammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone,
7、and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That mi
8、ght mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communicationsusing apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to
9、lose,and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.1.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of robocalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarrassed.D.Disappointed.2.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers can .A.aim at victims preciselyB.damage databases easily
10、C.start campaigns rapidlyD.spread information widely3.What does the passage imply?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Technologies can be double-edged.C.There are more solutions than problems.D.Credibility holds the key to development.4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Whe
11、re the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RobocallsC.WhyRobocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.HowRobocalls Are Affecting the World of TechnologyBChildren can spend hours a day looking at computer screens and other digital devices.Some eye doctors say this leads t
12、o an increase in “computer vision syndrome (电脑视力综合征)”.Nathan Bonilla-Warford is an optometrist(验光师)in Tampa,Florida.He has seen an increase in problems in children.“A lot more children come into the office either because their parents have noticed that they have headaches or red or watery eyes or di
13、scomfort,or because their nearsightedness appears to be increasing and theyre worried,”he says.Dr.Bonilla-Warford says part of the problem is that children may be more likely to pay no attention to early warning signs than adults.“Even if their eyes start to feel uncomfortable or they start to get a
14、 headache,theyre less likely to tell their parents,because they dont want to have the game or the computer or whatever taken away,”he explains.He says another part of the problem is that people blink (眨眼) less often when they use digital devices.Hesays,“A person who uses an electronic device blinks
15、about one third as much as we normally do in everyday life.And that can result in the front part of the eye drying and not staying protected like normal.”Eye doctors offer suggestions like the following which is known as the 20/20/20 rule.That means every twenty minutes looking away twenty feet or m
16、ore for at least twenty seconds from whatever device youre using.Other suggestions include putting more distance between you and the device and using good lighting.Ofcourse,another way is to spend less time looking at screens.Many experts say children should spend no more than two hours a day using
17、digital deviceswith no screen time for children under two.But not all eye doctors have noticed an increase in problems in children.Dr.DavidHunter,from Boston Childrens Hospital,has not seen an increase in his practice.“While it is possible to develop fatigue looking at screens for a long period of t
18、ime,theres certainly no proof that it actually causes any damage to the eyes,”he says.5.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.Dr.Bonilla-Warford thinks using computers causes nearsightedness.B.People keep their eyes protected against drying by blinking normally.C.Children under t
19、wo can watch TV for less than two hours a day.D.Dr.David Hunter says headaches cause an increase in eye problems.6.The syndrome in children is more likely serious than in adults because .A.adults are cleverer than childrenB.adults ignore taking care of childrenC.children always overlook early warnin
20、g signsD.children always forget their parents words7.What does the underlined word “fatigue” mean?A.Interest.B.Ability.C.Tiredness.D.Difficulty.8.What can be the best title for the passage?A.Looking at Screens:Two Hours or MoreB.How Can Children Use Their Eyes ProperlyC.Using Digital Devices:Advanta
21、ges and DisadvantagesD.How Much Screen Time Is Proper for Children.七选五阅读HowtosurviveandthriveHere are some tips to help you learn not only to survive,but to thrive(有成)and grow in a chaotic world.1.Trytobuildonstrengthsratherthanfocusonlimitations.1 Maybe youll become an auto mechanic(技工),or maybe yo
22、ull make good use of your ability to classify detailed information to build a career as a biologist or druggist.2.Realizethatfewmistakesaredisastrous.Did you fail a course?2 Most of us cant avoid an occasional failure,but we can learn bounce-back attitudes through failures.3.3Cecilia,a shy twelve-ye
23、ar-old,became livelier when she won the lead in a school play.“We want you to improve your grades,but not spend time on plays!” said her worried mother.To everyones surprise,Cecilias grades improved.4Most importantly,no matter what happens,Cecilia can return to that feeling of success whenever she g
24、ets discouraged.4.Gettingintoatopuniversityoranyuniversitywillnotguaranteesuccess.Ive met people from top universities who have experienced unemployment and even homelessness.5 Career-changers who face the future with an attitude of “I can handle anything” are the ones who win today.While in difficu
25、lties,they keep up their spirits till they figure out what to do next.A.Have no idea about your future plan?B.Face rejection from a first-choice college?C.Life is hard at the moment,but were surviving.D.Try to experience success in any area of your life.E.Ive met high school drop-outs who became ver
26、y successful.F.Do you spend hours studying models of cars for the last twenty years?G.And she made new friends with the “good kids” who were also achievers.考点规范练8(必修2Unit3).【解题导语】本文是议论文。自动拨号电话越来越打扰人们的生活,虽然我们也采取一些措施来应对,但往往落后一步。随着科技的发展,自动拨打的电话将对我们造成更大的困扰。1.D推理判断题。根据第一段的第四、五句“Unfortunately,itstoolittle
27、,toolate.Bythetimethesesolutionsbecomewidelyavailable,scammerswillhavemovedontocleverermeans.”可知,作者对有关自动拨号电话的解决办法很失望。所以选D项。2.A推理判断题。根据第三段的第二句“Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadachehaslesstodowithamountthanprecision.”可知,自动拨号电话成为让人头疼的事情是它的精确性更强了。所以选A项。3.B推理判断题。通读第二、三段可知,技术的进步既给我们的生活带来便利,也给我们的生活造成了麻烦。所以技术是
28、一把双刃剑。所以选B项。4.C主旨大意题。通读全文可知,本文第一段提到了自动拨号电话带来的危害,随后两段进一步解释这类电话带给人们危害的原因,倒数第二段阐述了减轻相关危害的方案,最后一段提出信任度难以获得却易失去,并且涉及的相关问题会越来越难解决。这与C项语意相符,所以选C项。【解题导语】本文为议论文。文章讲述了孩子们每天花几个小时看电脑和其他数码设备,一些眼科医生说这样会增加“电脑视力综合征”患者的数量。5.B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Apersonwhousesanelectronicdeviceblinksaboutonethirdasmuchaswenormallydoinevery
29、daylife.Andthatcanresultinthefrontpartoftheeyedryingandnotstayingprotectedlikenormal.”可知,一个使用电子设备的人眨眼的次数是我们日常生活中正常眨眼次数的三分之一,眨眼能够防止眼睛干燥,保护眼睛。故选B项。6.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Dr.Bonilla-Warfordsayspartoftheproblemisthatchildrenmaybemorelikelytopaynoattentiontoearlywarningsignsthanadults.”可知,验光师博尼拉沃尔福德说儿童比成年人的电脑视
30、力综合征情况严重是因为儿童往往比成年人更容易忽略其早期的症状。故选C项。7.C词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“lookingatscreensforalongperiodoftime.theeyes”可知,长时间盯着屏幕看会造成视力疲劳,但是没有证据表明它会对眼睛造成损伤。fatigue意为“疲劳”。故选C项。8.D主旨大意题。本文讲述了孩子们每天花几个小时看电脑和其他数码设备,一些眼科医生说这样会增加“电脑视力综合征”患者的数量。眼科医生推荐了20/20/20规则:每隔20分钟看20英尺外或更远的地方至少20秒钟。故选D项。.【解题导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了几点关于如何成功的建议。1.FF
31、项是对上文的strengths的举例说明,且与下文的Maybeyoullbecomeanautomechanic相呼应。2.BB项与上文的“Didyoufailacourse?”并列,并与上文的fewmistakesaredisastrous相呼应。3.D由下文塞西莉亚的例子可推断,在某些方面的成功能使一个人具备成功人士的素质和心态,进而在其他方面也获得成功。4.GG项中的whowerealsoachievers与上文的Ceciliasgradesimproved相呼应。5.EE项与上文的“Ivemetpeoplefromtopuniversitieswhohaveexperiencedunemploymentandevenhomelessness.”都是对本段主题句“Gettingintoatopuniversityoranyuniversitywillnotguaranteesuccess.”的具体解释说明。
