1、福州市2014高考英语（2013暑假）阅读理解训练（19）及答案解析(二)Martin was returning to work in his London office after spending two weeks with his brother in New York. He was coming back with a heavy heart. It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday; it was not just that he invariably suffered badly from jet
2、lag; it was that Monday mornings always began with a team meeting and, over the months, he had grown to hate them. Martin was aware that colleagues approached these meetings with hidden agendas; they indulged(纵容) gameplaying; and he knew that people were not being honest and open. The meetings thems
3、elves were bad enoughthere was all the moaning afterwards at the meeting like “I could have improved on that idea, but I wasnt going to say”. As this mornings meeting began, Martin prepared himself for the usual dullness and boredom. But, as the meeting progressed, he became aware of a strange backg
4、round noise. At first, he thought that he was still hearing the engine noise from the aircraft that had brought him back to London. But, as he concentrated on the noise, it became a little clearer.He realizedto his amazementthat he could actually hear what they were thinking at the same time as they
5、 were speaking. What surprised him, even more than the acquisition(获得) of this strange power, was that he discovered that what people were saying was not really what they were thinking. They were not making clear their reservations. They were not supporting views which they thought might be popular.
6、 They were not contributing their new insights. They were not volunteering their new ideas. Martin found it impossible not to respond to his new knowledge. So he started to make gentle interventions, based more on what he could hear his colleagues thinking than on what he could hear them saying. “So
7、, John are you really saying” “Susan, do you really think that？” “Tom, have you got an idea on how we could take this forward？” They looked at him, puzzled. In truth, he felt rather proud of his_newlyacquired_talent. As the meeting progressed, it was clear to him that each member of the meeting was
8、learning how to hear the thoughts of the others. The gameplaying started to fall away; people started to speak more directly; views became better understood; the atmosphere became more open and trusting. The meeting ended. As people left the room, Martin found that he could still hear what they were
9、 thinking. “That was the best meeting weve ever had.” “All meetings should be like that.” “In future, Im going to say what I think”. ()11.It is known from the first paragraph that Martin _. Ajust came back from his business trip in New York Bwas found to suffer from a serious heart disease during th
10、e trip Chad a good time during his fortnights stay in New York Ddidnt like his work in his London office()12.Why did Martin hate his companys team meeting? ABecause it had to be held every Monday morning. BBecause he was tired of hosting such a meeting. CBecause he couldnt control the meeting that w
11、as out of order.DBecause the meeting atmosphere wasnt open and trusting.()13.The underlined part “his newlyacquired talent” in Paragraph 5 means that he could _.Astill hear the engine noise of the plane though he was backBclearly hear what the members of the meeting were sayingCactually control the
12、thoughts of the members of the meetingDexpress what the meeting members were thinking based on their words and their thoughts()14.What do we know about this Monday mornings meeting from the passage?AMartin made people say what they were thinking immediately the meeting began. BMartin was angry at th
13、e dullness of the meeting at the beginning of the meeting all the time.CMartin led people to express their real thoughts with the meeting progressing.DMany members of the meeting played games and told lies at the meeting all the time.()15.It is inferred from the last two paragraphs that towards the
14、end of the meeting Martin would hear such words as “ _” AI was thinking of making a suggestionbut I couldnt be bothered BI have got an idea on how we could take this forward. I think we should CThe usual people say the usual things, so I have no other new ideasDI could have improved on that idea, bu
15、t I wasnt going to say(二) 度假归来，马丁又要组织会议了。他原本准备忍受会议的乏味，但随着会议的进行，他发现自己能根据别人所说的话知道他们心里的真实想法，因此他试着说出他们的真实想法，引导与会人员学着理解他人的想法，并坦诚地说出自己心里的想法。因此，会议成为了一场开诚布公而让人信任的会议。11C细节理解题。根据第一段It was not just that it was the end of a wonderful holiday中的a wonderful holiday可判断，他在纽约的两周过得很愉快，由此判断答案选C。12D细节理解题。根据第二段可判断，与会人员口是
16、心非，表里不一，这种不公开、不诚实的会风使他厌烦，由此判断正确答案选D。13D词义猜测题。第四段提到马丁能根据与会人员所说的话而得知他们心里的真实想法，之后第五段接着说，他说出与会人员的真实想法，使别人都迷惑地看着他，由此判断，“他新获得的能力”即意为：他能根据别人的话说出他们心里的真实想法。14C细节理解题。会初，马丁准备着忍受会议的乏味，而后随着会议的进行，他发现自己能根据别人所说的话而得知他们心里的真实想法，对此他做出反应，即试着说出他们心里的真实想法，从而引导人们学会理解他人的想法，并坦诚地说出自己心里的想法。由此判断正确答案选C。*结束(2010海淀期中)Habits are a f
17、unny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures.” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century, even the word “habit” carr
18、ies a negative meaning. So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新). But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new,
19、 innovative tracks. Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try, the more creative we become. But dont bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of proc
20、edure are worn into the brain, theyre there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. “The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder，” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught
21、 instead to decide， just as our president calls himself the Decider” She adds, “however to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” “All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware，” she says. Resear
22、chers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways : analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thou
23、ght that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life. The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system that anyone
24、 can do anything，” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will. and Ms Markovas business partner. “Thats a lie that we have preserved, and it fosters commonness. Knowing what youre good at and doing even more of it create excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.1.
25、 Brain researchers have discovered that _. A. the forming of new habits can be guided B. the development of habits can be predicted C. the regulation of old habits can be transformed D. the track of new habits can be created unconsciously2. The underlined word “ruts” in Paragraph 4 is closest in mea
26、ning to _. A. zones B. connections C. situations D. tracks3. Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markovas view? A. Decision makes no sense in choices. B. Curiosity makes creative minds active. C. Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind. D. Formation of innovation com
27、es from fantastic ideas.4. The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us _. A. to give up our traditional habits deliberately B. to create and develop new habits consciously C. to resist the application of standardized testing D. to believe that old habits conflict with new habits
28、答案与解析：1A细节理解题。结合文章第二段和第三段可知，新习惯的养成可以通过大脑有意识的指导进行。注意选项中的guide和第三段中的direct是同义词。2D词义猜测题。结合文章第四段的第一句话和第二段的最后一句可知，这里指的正是习惯的轨迹，由此可见该词和track同义。3B细节理解题。文章第五段引用Dawna Markova的话中，第一句话The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder是其观点的概括，由此可以看出B项和其意思相近。4B推理判断题。文章通过介绍新的研究发现告诉我们，新的习惯可以通过大脑有意识的指导养成，又告诉了我们如何有意识地养成新的习惯，由此看出，本文的写作目的是想说服我们有意识地养成一些新的好习惯。*结束
