1、 高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家2020届高中英语二轮复习 阅读理解（社会现象类）1、With new and innovative (创新的) ideas, 10 teams of student groups competed at URs Hult Prize competition on Nov.3 to skip the selection process for the regional competition.“If you ever had a crazy idea or passion, now it is time to explore it.” senior and H
2、ult Prize competitor Sharfuz Shifat said.The Hult Prize is an international competition where undergraduate and graduate students alike compete to win a $1 million prize to start a company based on their ideas.For many competitors, this competition is an outlet for innovative and novel ideas that ca
3、n speed up change in the world.“I believe in social entrepreneurship and the power of business to create social change,” said senior Shelly Chen from Team Boodana.In addition to wanting to make a lasting social effect, some competitors have personal connections to their ideas and a strong motivation
4、 to bring them to reality.“Were passionate about this because it comes from our life,” sophomore Cherine Ghazouani and Team Forty-Two member said.“Were trying to make our familys, our countrys and our peoples lives better.”After the event, the award ceremony announced the winner: the first and secon
5、d runner-ups as Team BestBeing, Team Forty-Two and Team Boodana, respectively.Although the ruling ideas of the winners were meant to provide jobs for unemployed youth, many of the proposed solutions also handled other problems in todays society.Team Forty-Two worked on re-inventing the impractical t
6、utoring system in Mediterranean countries; Team BestBeing aimed to provide a solution for the lack of availability of mental health services all over the world.“Usually some of the most simple but practical solutions are the ones that are the most beautiful and effective,” judge Anna Schreyer said.“
7、The challenge is being able to look at things in a completely new way thats very simple.Try to step out of the box of how we do things and how we think about things.”1.What is the purpose of the URs Hult Prize competition?A.Not to let go of good ideas.B.To award the most hardworking students.C.Not t
8、o be crazy about changing the reality.D.To stress the importance of regional competition.2.What do the winners mainly focus on?A.Youth unemployment.B.A solution to mental health.C.The impractical tutoring system.D.The way of innovative thinking.3.What can be viewed as the best idea according to judg
9、e Anna Schreyer?A.Effective and innovative.B.Simple and practical.C.Long-lasting and simple.D.Changeable and practical.2、 The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the Gaokao exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join i
10、ts. undergraduate courses in 2019. High school students who complete the National Higher Education Entrance Examination, or Gaokao, with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.
11、 Gaokao is usually taken by students in their last year of senior high school and, every year, each province in China sets the grades required to gain admission to its universities. It is usually held across China in early June. Students are tested in Chinese, Mathematics, a Foreign Language and soc
12、ial sciences or natural sciences. University of Birmingham Vice-Chancellor Professor Sir David Eastwood said: The University of Birmingham has been challenging and developing great minds for more than a century. We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form
13、 an integral part of our education and research community. We are further opening access to Birminghams wealth of education opportunities for the brightest and most dedicated Chinese students by accepting this strict and important qualification. I look forward to welcoming these high-flying students
14、 to the University of Birmingham. Gaokao is increasingly accepted by universities in Australia, the USA, Canada and mainland Europe. Birmingham will only be considering high quality students who achieve a minimum 80% Gaokao score and meet additional academic and English language requirements. Profes
15、sor J on Frampton, Director of the University of Birminghams China Institute said: The University of Birmingham has a long history of educating students from China and one of our most famous graduates is Li Siguang-the founding father of Chinese geology. I am delighted that the University is now acc
16、epting the Gaokao. This gives the brightest and best Chinese students an opportunity to move straight into the first year of our undergraduate programmes and experience the benefits of studying at a global Top 100 university, such as Birmingham. 1.What do Chinese students have to do to enter the Uni
17、versity of Birmingham before 2019?A.Go through a foundation year.B.Prepare Birmingham degree programmes.C.Acquire the right to permanent residency.D.Score over 800% of the universitys qualification examination.2.Who is the announcement intended for?A.The foreign students in China.B.All people living
18、 in the UK.C.The students of the UK.D.Chinese students.3.Which of the following best explains integral underlined in paragraph 3?A.Complete.B.Necessary.C.Indifferent.D.Unimportant.4.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The introduction to the Gaokao of China.B.The history of the University of Birm
19、ingham.C.The high quality students accepted by top universities.D.The University of Birminghams admission to Gaokao.3、Theres a blue house in central Florida thats hard to miss. Its somewhat famous among people who live nearbyits painted to look like Starry Night, the iconic painting byVincent van Go
20、gh but not everyone is a fan of thelarger-than-life artwork.We had not originally intended to paint the house like this, Nancy, who lives there with her husband, Lubomir, and their adult son, told TODAY. They started by painting the wall outside of their home, because it was in disrepair and they wa
21、nted it to look nice. The couple said they even asked permission from the city to paint the wall, and were told it was OK. So we went ahead and started having the wall painted by an artist who has his work shown throughout South America, Nancy said. The couple choseVan Goghbecause their son, who has
22、 autism(自闭症), is a fan of the great artist.God forbid my son were to be in a situation where he was unable to find his way back home, were hoping that he would have the ability to at least say that he belongs at the Van Gogh house, Nancy said. And the father even believed that there was magical conn
23、ection between Van Gogh and autistic kids, because Van Gogh was possibly also autistic.After they painted the wall, the couple got a citation(传票) from the city stating that the wall painting was considered graffiti(涂鸦) and that the wall must match the house. Thats when they decided to paint the enti
24、re house to look like “Starry Night”-knowing that was not quite what the city had in mind but confident that they werent breaking any law.Since then, theyve been fined $10,600. In February, they filed a federal lawsuit(起诉) against the city, claiming the city is violating their right to freedom of ex
25、pression. Mount Dora city officials nor their lawyer would comment on the issue. But in February, they did say in a statement that they were trying to preserve the residential character of our neighborhoods, and that the house may present a distraction to safe vehicle operation along the street whic
26、h fronts the home.While both sides are in settlement talks, the fate of the mural(壁画) is still up in the air. The family say they are ready to battle for what they believe in.1.What was the couples original intention to paint the wall?A.To beautify the damaged wall.B.To respond to the call of the ci
27、ty.C.To assist an artist to show his work.D.To express their sons admiration for Van Gogh.2.What does the underlined phrase “God forbid” in paragraph three mean?A.May God forgive us.B.Its forbidden by God.C.Even God cant help it.D.We hope it does not happen.3.Whats the final attitude of the Mount Do
28、ra city officials towards the unique house?A.SupportiveB.DisapprovingC.AmbiguousD.Understanding4.What is the text mainly about?A.“Starry Night” house in Florida arouses a heated discussion.B.Neighbors sign an online petition in support of “Starry Night” house.C.The magical connection between Van Gog
29、h and autistic kids.D.Homeowners battle for their “Starry Night” house in Florida.4、Some people are so rude! Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on Google? Dont these people realize
30、that theyre wasting your time? Maybe Im the rude one for not appreciating lifes little politeness. But many social agreed standards just dont make sense to people drowning in digital communication. In texts, you dont have to declare who you are or even say hello; E-mail, too, is slower than a text;
31、Voice mail is a now impolite way of trying to connect. My father learned this lesson after leaving me a dozen voice mail messages, none of which I listened to. Exasperated, he called my sister to express his dissatisfaction that I never returned his phone calls. “Why are you leaving him voice mails?
32、” my sister asked. “Just text him.” In the age of the smartphone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a businesss phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, which can be easily found on Google Maps. But people still ask these things. And when y
33、ou answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail. How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. Others, like me, want no reply. The anthropologist(人类学家) Margaret Mead once said that in traditional societies,
34、the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Heres hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.1.What does the underlined word exasperated mean in the fifth paragraph?A.TiredB.SurprisedC.WorriedD.An
35、noyed2.Why didnt the writer reply to his father?A.He didnt receive any voice mail message.B.He enjoyed checking his voice mails.C.He liked text message better.D.He didnt want to talk with his father.3.Which of the following does the writer agree to?A.Dealing with voice mail should vary with each ind
36、ividual.B.Declaring who they are or saying hello in texts is necessary.C.People neednt learn from one another in traditional societies.D.People neednt turn to Google for help when in trouble.4.Whats the best title of this passage?A.Nowadays: Do you need a thank-you messageB.Nowadays: Do you like lea
37、ving others a voice messageC.Nowadays: What should we do with text messages.D.Nowadays: What means should we use in communication5、The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they dont know. By next year,half of the calls we receive will be sc
38、ams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately,its too little,too late. By the time these “solutions(解决方案)become widely available,scammers will have mov
39、ed onto cleverer means. In the near future,its not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice youre hearing is actually real.Thats because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies
40、 that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this years I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.These developments are likel
41、y to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother s name ,and far more. Armed with this
42、 knowledge. theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller s,ricking you into confirming your address,mothe
43、rs name,and card number. Scammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone,and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.We need to deal with the insecure nature of our tel
44、ecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by. or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards dat
45、a-based communicationsusing apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.1.How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls?A.Panicked.B.Confused.C.Embarr
46、assed.D.Disappointed.2.taking advantage of the new technologies,scammer can_.A.aim at victims preciselyB.damage databases easilyC.start campaigns rapidlyD.spread information widely3.What does the passage imply?A.Honesty is the best policy.B.Technologies can be double-edited.C.There are more solution
47、s than problems.D.Credibility holds the key to development.4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is RootedB.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of RoboeallsC.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More DangerousD.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World o
48、f Technology6、Statistics often sounds like a dry subject, but sometimes its necessary to take a statistics course to get the correct answer to this problem. Take the following case for example: a football scout (球探)hears of a player who has powered his team to a good win-loss record. His coaches thi
49、nk hes one of the most talented players theyve seen. But the scout is unimpressed by the one practice game he sees him in; he tells his manager its not worth trying to recruit (录用)the player.Most sports fans would think that was a pretty foolish decision, right? Athletic performance is much too vari
50、able to base an important judgment on such a small sample. But consider this problem: an employer gets an application from a junior executive (主管人员)with an excellent college record and strong references from his current employer. The employer interviews the applicant and is unimpressed. The employer
51、 tells his colleagues that its not worthwhile recruiting him.Most people regard this as a reasonable sort of decision. But it isnt. Countless studies show that the unstructured 30-minute interview is virtually worthless as a predictor of long-term performance by any criteria that have been examined.
52、In both cases, predictions based on references-school reports, prior performance, letters of recommendation-give a 65-75% chance of choosing the better of the two.Why do we get the athletic problem right and the employment problem wrong? Because in the case of the job, unlike for athletic performanc
53、e, we havent seen hundreds of candidates in interviews of a particular type and seen how well performance in the interview corresponds to ultimate (最终的)performance in the setting were concerned about. We havent seen that the guy who looks like a fool in the interview turns out to be clever on the jo
54、b and the guy who does well in the interview turns out to be average. The only way to see that the interview isnt going to be worth much is to be able to apply the “law of large numbers”,which assists the recognition that an interview represents a very small sample of behavior.The bottom line: there
55、s safety in numbers. The more recommendations a person has, the more positive the outcome is likely to be for the employer. Consider the job interview: its not only a tiny sample, its not even a sample of job behavior but of something else entirely. Psychological theory and data show that we are inc
56、apable of treating the interview data as little more than unreliable gossip. Its just too compelling (强迫性的)that weve learned a lot from those 30 minutes.My recommendation is not to interview at all unless youre going to develop an interview protocol (体系),with the help of a professional, which is bas
57、ed on careful analysis of what you are looking for in a job candidate. And then ask exactly the same questions of every candidate. Its harder to develop such a protocol than you might guess. But it can really pay off.1.The cases in the first two paragraphs are meant to_.A.illustrate the influence of
58、 fansB.show the weaknesses of scoutsC.attach importance to interviewsD.introduce the topic of the passage2.The author believes that_.A.the setting in the job interview is too artificial to be convincingB.a successful candidate usually uses tricks to cover his real charactersC.a small sample is not e
59、nough to make a generalized judgement of a candidateD.the number of candidates hasnt satisfied the requirements for a job interview3.What is the best title for the passage?A.How employees are selectedB.Where statistics are availableC.Why job interviews are pointlessD.When recommendations are needed7
60、、Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher.If I have learned anything in my 18 years, it is communication that is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let others kno
61、w how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesnt solve anything.Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you cant just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore
62、everyone. Even if you just say Hi, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing.If you looked up the word communication in a dictionary, it would say the exchange of ideas, the conveyance of information, correspondence (通信), means of communication: a letter or a message. To
63、maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if its just by writing a note.When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell
64、them that youll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse.This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didnt fe
65、el she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, but when Sophie explained why she was late, they werent as mad and let the incident go.Communication is t
66、he key factor here. If Sophies parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isnt a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophies, tell the other person how you feel - listening is the key factor to commun
67、ication.1.What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A.The disagreement between generations.B.The importance of communication.C.The great importance of keeping silent.D.The necessity of making your feeling known.2.When parents and children are in communication, the key to a happy relationship is
68、that _.A.parents should listen to their childrenB.children should always obey their parentsC.parents and children should not yell or ignoreD.equality plays a part in family communication3.What does the example in this passage prove?A.Sophies parents did a good job in listening to her.B.Children shou
69、ld first explain themselves to their parents.C.Communication is the solution to misunderstanding.D.Parents would be mad at their childrens returning home late.4.What can we learn from the passage?A.Walk away instead of yelling if communication fails.B.It is better to say Hi to others than say nothin
70、g.C.Talking is more important than listening in communication.D.You should feel good about yourself when communicating.8、Mass communication has been growing and affecting the way communities and people behave. At every stage of the development of communication, from the telegraph to the Internet, so
71、cieties have had to adapt to its effects. But have the effects been more positive or negative?The saying “knowledge is power” has been an excellent motivator for people to improve their lives, but today the massive amount of information available through the Internet doesnt always seem to be helping
72、 people in the way wed hoped. Rather than improving peoples lives and bringing us closer together, the information age is making us more divided and irresponsible.Nevertheless, many people find comfort in their virtual (虚拟的) worlds and are happy to connect with real-life friends and online friends f
73、rom the familiar surroundings of their living rooms. However, being able to reinvent themselves online and be whoever they want to be leads to the question of whether they are losing their identities by living in a virtual world. Its not all bad news, however. Mass communication has helped change so
74、me attitudes for the better. Take our views on the environment for example. Internet campaigns by governments and other organizations have helped popularize the ideas of recycling, protecting wildlife and reducing pollution.Modern electronic communication now influences every aspect of our lives - i
75、t is a powerful tool that has raised some concerns for society. However, it has also brought countless benefits to society. At the end of the day, it can be used both for good or evil, which largely relies on the morals and sense of responsibility of the individual or community involved. In short, i
76、t needs to be used with care.1.According to the text, the information age today _.A.helps people improve their livesB.fully shows Knowledge is powerC.makes people feel more connected to othersD.fails to achieve our expectations sometimes2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A.People only connect with
77、 online friends.B.Online friends can be comforting for all people.C.Virtual lives can make people clear of who they are.D.The Internet helps to raise our environmental awareness.3.What is the writers attitude to electronic communication in the last paragraph?A.It should be used in a cautious way.B.I
78、t does more harm than good to society.C.Its side effects cant be handled by individuals.D.It should be strictly controlled by the government.4.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The comfort of the virtual worlds.B.The effects of mass communication.C.The development of mass communication.D.The wa
79、y to use modern mass communication. 答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.A; 3.B解析： 2答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.D解析：1.细节理解题。第一段倒数第一句“with top grades will be able to apply for direct entry onto Birmingham degree programmes without first completing a foundation year which is a routine for the freshman.”可知在伯明翰大学承认高考成绩
80、之前,中国学生需要进行一年的预科学习之后才能进入专业课程学习。故选A。2.推理判断题。第一段第一句“The University of Birmingham is the first excellent UK Russell Group university to announce that it will accept the Gaokao exam for high-flying Chinese students wishing to join its. undergraduate courses in 2019.”可知伯明翰大学的通告主要针对中国学生发布的。故选D。3.词义猜测题。根据第
81、三段划线部分句子“We welcome people from around the globe to study at Birmingham and Chinese students form an integral part of our education and research community.”句意:我们欢迎来自世界各地的人们来伯明翰学习,中国学生是我们教育和研究领域不可或缺的一部分。可知integral意思为“不可或缺的”,故选B。4.主旨大意题。本文介绍了世界一流大学英国伯明翰大学从2019年起开始承认中国高考成绩,为更多的中国高水平学生提供更多到世界名校深造的机会。即伯明
82、翰大学对高考成绩的承认,故选D。 3答案及解析：答案：1.A; 2.D; 3.B; 4.D解析： 4答案及解析：答案：1-4 DCAD解析：1.词义推断题。根据下文中的dissatisfaction可推知，父亲很恼怒。2.推断题。根据第4段内容可知，作者认为发文字信息更简单、快捷，且不必说一些客套话，发语音信息不礼貌。3.推断题。根据倒数第2段的内容可推知，处理信息要因人而异。4.主旨题。通读全文可知.本文作者主要探讨了在当今社会，我们应该使用什么样的交流方式。 5答案及解析：答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. C解析：这是一篇说明文。语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真
83、。语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools, apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately, its too little, too late. By the time these “solutions” beco
84、me widely available, scammers will have moved onto clever means”可知，最后，我们通过支持和开发一组旨在防止欺诈者通过的工具、应用程序和方法，认识到了问题的严重性。不幸的是，我们的努力太少了，也太晚了。在这些“解决方案”被广泛使用的时候，骗子将转移到更巧妙的手段上。由此推知，作者认为这些“解决办法”对于解决问题起不了什么作用，因此作者感到很“失望”。故D选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amoun
85、t than precision. A decade of data breaches of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mothers name, and far more. Armed with this knowledge, theyre able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means, for example, that a scammer cou
86、ld call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank tellers, tricking you into “confirming” your address, mothers name, and card number”可知，机器人通话之所以令人头痛，与其说与数量有关，不如说与精确度有关。长达十年的个人信息泄露已经导致了这样一种情况：骗子可以轻易地知道你母亲的名字，甚至更多。有了这些知识，他们就能够开展有针对性的运
87、动来欺骗人们。根据这些可知，利用这种新的技术，欺诈者们可以精确的确定他们行骗的目标。故A选项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，这项语音技术可以产生一个听起来和人类非常相似的声音，它可以和接待员进行交谈，进行预订。由此可知，这项新技术有其好的方面。根据第三段的叙述可知，欺诈者们可以利用这项新技术来进行欺诈行为。由此推知，这项新技术既可以发挥好的作用，也可能为坏人所利用，产生不好的作用，因此可以说它是一把双刃剑。故B选项正确。【4题详解】主旨大意题。第一段提到：robocalls（机器人电话: 自动拨号播放录音信息的推销电话）在未来变得会越来越严重，不仅仅是出现在你的手机屏幕上
88、的电话号码令人怀疑，而且你会质疑听到的声音是否是真的。第二段介绍原因：语音操作与自动化技术的出现使得机器人电话可以以假乱真。第三段介绍了语音操作和自动化技术发展会使得机器人电话产生的问题更加严重。最后两段提出我们该如何应对这些问题。综上，文章第一段点明文章中心：机器人电话问题在未来会变得越来越严重。下文都是围绕这一话题展开的。故C选项适合作标题。 6答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.C解析：1.根据第一段its necessary to take a statistics course to get the answer to this problem. Take the follow
89、ing case for exampleconsider this problem可见提出的例子是用来论证数据是否能运用于最终决定的,也就是文章的中心主题,故选D。2.根据第三段Countless studies show that the unstructured 30-minute interview is virtually worthless，第六段its not only a tiny sample, its not even a sample of job behaviorbut of something else entirely.可知选C。3.根据第五段倒数第二行intervi
90、ew represents a very small sample of behavior,第六段Psychological theory and data show that we are incapable of treating the interview data as little more than unreliable gossip可知作者认为job interview是无意义的;A选项只是文章一小部分,不能代表全部;B选项的两个例子,athletic problem是用来反证job interview的,文章核心还是job interview的问题;D选项也只是文章提到的一小部分,并且文章最后作者的recommendation是develop an interview protocolask exactly the same questions of every candidate可知D错误。 7答案及解析：答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.B解析： 8答案及解析：答案：1.D; 2.D; 3.A; 4.B解析： 高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！
