1、课时天天练(三十四)选择性必修第四册UNIT 3SEA EXPLORATION.阅读理解A2022武汉市高三供题As a child, Paolo Fanciulli was attracted by underwater abandoned ships, particularly the fish and seagrass that lived in them. But in the past decade, his job as a fisherman has grown harder, as trawling (用拖网捕鱼) near the coast has been destroy
2、ing the Mediterranean ecosystem. “The nets are weighed down with heavy chains to be dragged on the sea bottom, so they uproot the seagrass that is key to the Mediterranean ecosystem，” he said.While Italian law bans trawling within 5.5 kilometres of the coast, its so profitable that its not uncommon
3、for boats to carry on illegally at night.In 2006, a desperate Tuscan government dropped concrete blocks into the sea to interrupt the trawlers. Fanciulli said they didnt work as they were too far apart and the nets simply dragged between them. He then began to wonder: what if, instead of dropping co
4、ncrete blocks into the water, he dropped art? He asked a mine in nearby Carrara to donate two marble (大理石) blocks to make sculptures. They donated 100 instead.Through word of mouth, contributions and online crowdfunding, Fanciulli persuaded artists including Giorgia Butini and Beverly Pepper to carv
5、e sculptures from the marble. Then he took them to sea and lowered them in. The underwater sculptures create both a physical barrier for nets and a unique underwater museum.The “museum” appears to be having some effects gradually. Although 10 years ago the seagrass was disappearing, it is now growin
6、g back. The statues also deserve credit for helping to preserve the fishing industry by protecting the fish resources because the nursery areas of various commercial fish species are below the coast. All kinds of undersea life appears to be returning. Seagrass covers the statues, shellfish has taken
7、 up residence, and more dolphins have been seen.Fanciulli hopes to build on the museums success. “We put in the first statues in 2007 but our goal is to reach 100，” he said, sensing an opportunity.1What has made Fanciullis job grow harder?AAn illegal fishing practice.BThe declining fishing industry.
8、CThe concrete blocks underwater.DThe increasing number of fishermen.2What does Fanciulli mean by “dropped art” in Paragraph 3?AEstablishing an art museum.BRemoving the concrete blocks.CAppealing for artists donation.DLaying sculptures under the sea.3Which of the following can best describe Fanciulli
9、s measure?AFruitless. BDoubtful.CConventional. DRewarding.4Whats the text mainly about?ABenefits brought by fine art. BHarm trawling does to marine life.CEfforts by a fisherman to protect sea life.DAttempts by artists to preserve biodiversity.B2022武汉部分学校高三起点质量检测When Joseph Cook first landed on the G
10、reenland ice sheet in 2010, he was expecting to see a primitive white environment. What he found was a “colorful mix” from black and gray to green, purple and brown, with neon (霓虹) blue melt streams cutting through the ice. The rainbow colours Cook encountered are created by a collection of tiny lif
11、e forms that reproduce on the surface of the ice sheet. Biodiversity is usually considered a good thing, but in this case the abundance of tiny life is speeding up ice melting, and likely causing global sea level to rise faster than scientists have predicted.Cook says the tiny life forms he studies
12、are contributing to the problem. One of these organisms is an alga (海藻) that grows in the thin layer of water on the surface of the ice. It produces a purplebrown pigment (色素) which acts “like a natural sunscreen”， says Cook, protecting the algae from the full force of the Arctic sunlight. The pigme
13、nt also causes the ice to heat up and melt.“If you go out on a hot day wearing a black Tshirt, you get warmer than if you go out on a hot day wearing a white Tshirt. The same thing happens on the ice，” says Cook. “These algae, like the black Tshirt for the glacier, are causing it to warm up in the s
14、un and melt faster.”Cooks research on a part of the Greenland ice sheet covering 3，900 square miles revealed that algae are responsible for up to 13% of the ice melting. In some localized areas, the algae boosted melting by up to 26%.Glacier algae are not a new phenomenon there are records of them i
15、n the diaries of polar explorers from the 1870s, according to Cook. Whats becoming clear is that ice sheets are surprisingly dynamic and complex environments. “There are so many questions to answer，” says Cook. “Its kind of like a theme park for a scientist because theres just so much to do.”5What i
16、s quickening the ice melting?AThe algae.BHuman activities.CGlobal warming.DNeon blue melt streams.6Why is the example of wearing a black Tshirt mentioned?ATo clarify a rule.BTo explain the phenomenon.CTo add humour.DTo make a conclusion.7What can we infer from the last paragraph?AScientists will avo
17、id exploring polar regions.BCook feels proud of the current results.CA theme park will be built on ice sheets.DTheres a long way for research into ice sheets.8From which is the text probably taken?AA news review.BA travel brochure.CA Chinese textbook.DA science magazine.完形填空2022烟台市高考诊断性测试Five days b
18、efore Christmas, police officer Lima was sent to a local Stop and Shop for a reported theft. The accusation was that two females were scanning (扫描) some items at the selfcheckout but _1_ other items and bagging those items. The two females and two children were already _2_ by Loss and Prevention ove
19、r there.Lima had two girls himself, similar in age to the two girls there, so it _3_ him a little bit. Lima _4_ the receipt for the items they had paid for. There was nothing else like health and beauty items on it. The items were all _5_ things bought just to stuff themselves. Then he asked an empl
20、oyee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the _6_Obviously, this family was in real need. While Lima firmly _7_ following the law, he decided to cut them a break and not to _8_The two females, _9_， were very grateful but kind of _10_ because
21、 generally, in that same situation there would probably be a different _11_ and theyd be arrested.Lima took things a step further in an effort to _12_ the family. He gave them a $200 gift card, telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.“I purchased the gift card close to the value of w
22、hat would have been _13_，” said Lima. “I did what I felt was _14_. I just tried to show a little _15_ to the extent permitted by law.”1A.labeling BdamagingCsorting Dbypassing2A.misunderstood BheldCtolerated Dunemployed3A.confused BdisappointedCstruck Dattracted4A.denied BcheckedCfilled Dquestioned5A
23、.luxuries BdrinksCpresents Dfoods6A.shelves BcountersCcheckout Dlockers7A.stood BresistedCbelieved in Dput off8A.make trouble Btake responsibilityCplay tricks Dpress charges9A.consequently BfortunatelyCgradually Dincredibly10A.ashamed BshockedCanxious Dinnocent11A.lesson BoutcomeCchoice Dexcuse12A.a
24、id Bcontrol Cremind Dreward13A.returned Bexchanged Ctaken Dordered14A.eyecatching BrisktakingCprivate Dright15A.politeness Bcourage Cmercy Dadmiration.应用文写作2022济宁市高三模拟假定你是校英文报编辑李华，你报拟举行以三牛精神为主题的征文活动。请用英语为本活动写一份征稿启事，内容如下：1活动目的；2稿件要求；3截稿日期及投稿方式。注意：词数应为80左右。参考词汇：三牛精神the spirit of the oxContributions Wa
25、nted_Editorial SectionMarch 12, 2022课时天天练(三十四).阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然人与环境一名渔民关注海洋保护的故事【语篇解读】Paolo Fanciulli少年时被水下沉船吸引，尤其是沉船里的鱼和海草。而现在由于拖网捕鱼这种非法行为，生态系统遭到极大破坏，所以他想出了一个新办法：在水下摆放雕塑，既能保护生态系统，也等同于建一个水下博物馆。1答案与解析：A考查推断的能力。根据第一段中的“his job as a fisherman has grown harder，as trawling (用拖网捕鱼) near the coast ha
26、s been destroying the Mediterranean ecosystem”可知，用拖网捕鱼这种违法行为毁坏生态系统，使得渔民工作艰难。2答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。由第三段可知在海中抛掷“混凝土块”不能阻碍这种拖网捕鱼。再根据下文中的“what if, instead of dropping concrete blocks into the water. to make sculptures.”可知，Fanciulli想把雕塑放入海里。故答案为D。3答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据第四段中的“The underwater. a unique underwater muse
27、um.”和第五段中的“Although 10 years ago the seagrass was disappearing, it is now growing back. All kinds of undersea life appears to be returning.”可知，他的措施是令人满意的。4答案与解析：C考查理解文章主旨要义的能力。第一段讲了Paolo作为渔民，工作变得艰难的原因；第三段内容是为应对拖网捕鱼这种行为人们的做法以及Paolo想出的办法。第四、五段是采取这种新措施的过程及人们对新措施的评论；最后讲述了Paolo进一步的设想。因此全文在讲一位渔民为保护海洋生物及海洋
28、生态系统所付出的努力。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然研究发现藻类会加速冰融化【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了像夏日的黑T恤衫更吸热一样，藻类会加快冰盖融化的速度。5答案与解析：A考查理解具体信息的能力。根据第一段中的“the abundance of tiny life is speeding up ice melting”和第二段中的“One of these organisms is an alga(海藻)”可知藻类是加速冰融化的微生物之一。故A项正确。6答案与解析：B考查推断的能力。根据第三段中的“These algae, like the black Tshirt for the gl
29、acier, are causing it to warm up in the sun and melt faster.”可知，作者之所以提及夏日的黑T恤衫是为了便于读者理解藻类加速冰川融化的现象。故B项正确。clarify“使更清晰易懂；阐明”。7答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据最后一段中的“There are so many questions to answer.so much to do.”可以推断，对于冰盖的研究科学家还有很多工作需要去做。故D项正确。8答案与解析：D考查推断的能力。根据文章大意可知，本文讲述了一项科学研究藻类会加速冰盖融化，这样的文章一般出自科学杂志。故D项正确。
30、.完形填空语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与社会人文关怀警官Lima人性化的处理了一起盗窃案【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了警官Lima被派去处理一起盗窃案，当他了解了事情的真相后，在法律允许的范围内，人性化地处理了这起案件并进行了资助，使当事人感激不已的故事。1答案与解析：D考查动词辨析。根据上文中的“for a reported theft”可知，警官Lima因一起盗窃案被派到了当地的一家商店，被控告的是在自助收银处结账的两位女士，她们没有将一些商品扫描就装入了袋中。D项意为“绕过，避开”，符合语境。故选D。2答案与解析：B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，两名女士因为故意偷窃已和她们的两个孩子一起被损失
31、预防所拘留了。B项意为“拘留”，符合语境。故选B。3答案与解析：C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Lima有两个女儿，跟这两个女孩年纪相仿，因此这个场面让他有点震惊。C项意为“给予(一击)”，符合语境。故选C。4答案与解析：B考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Lima检查了她们的付款收据。B项意为“检查”，符合语境。故选B。5答案与解析：D考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“things bought just to stuff themselves”可知，她们购买的全都是食物。D项意为“食品”，符合语境。故选D。6答案与解析：A考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，商店员工已经把那些未付款的东西放回到了货架上。A项意为
32、“架子”，符合语境。故选A。7答案与解析：C考查动词(短语)辨析。根据语境可知，尽管Lima坚信要遵守法律，但他决定给她们一个宽限。C项意为“相信”，符合语境。故选C。8答案与解析：D考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知，Lima决定给她们一个宽限，不起诉她们。D项意为“起诉”，符合语境。故选D。9答案与解析：A考查副词辨析。根据上文中的“he decided to cut them a break and not to _8_”可知，Lima没有起诉这两位女士，因此这两位女士非常感激他。A项意为“因此”，符合语境。故选A。10答案与解析：B考查形容词辨析。根据下文中的“because genera
33、lly, in that same situation there would probably be a different _11_ and theyd be arrested”可知，这两位女士对Lima的做法感到既感激又吃惊。B项意为“震惊的”，符合语境。故选B。11答案与解析：B考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，通常在那种情形下，将会有不同的处理结果，即她们会被逮捕。B项意为“结果”，符合语境。故选B。12答案与解析：A考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“He gave them a $200 gift card”可知，Lima采取了进一步措施来帮助这个家庭。A项意为“援助”，符合语境。故选A。13
34、答案与解析：C考查动词辨析。根据语境可知，Lima说他送给她们的这张礼品卡的价值接近被盗物品的价值。C项意为“拿走”，符合语境。故选C。14答案与解析：D考查形容词辨析。根据语境可知，Lima认为他做了自己认为是正确的事情。D项意为“正确的”，符合语境。故选D。15答案与解析：C考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，Lima认为自己只是尽力在法律允许的范围内表现出了一点宽恕。C项意为“仁慈，宽恕”，符合语境。故选C。.应用文写作参考范文：Contributions WantedAimed at promoting students understanding of the spirit of the o
35、x, the school English newspaper is going to hold an English Essay Contest next month. Requirements are as follows.Firstly, all entries must be themed on the spirit of the ox. Next, your essays should be associated with the real life of teenagers with a maximum of 300 words. Please dont miss the deadlines March 25，2022 and submit your entries to englishnewspaper. The winning entries will be published in our April issue.Looking forward to your active participation.Editorial SectionMarch 12, 2022
