1、湖南省衡阳市第一中学2021届高三英语上学期期中试题第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. Where does the man want to meet the woman?A. In the parking lot. B. At the main gate. C. In his office.2. Why does the woman call the
2、man?A. To express thanks. B. To give an explanation. C. To make an invitation.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. An opera. B. A singer. C. A dance.4. What will the man do next?A. Try some coffee. B. See his niece. C. Have a hot chocolate.5 What will the woman deal with first?A. The bik
3、e. B. The football. C. The window.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。6. What animal is new to the shelter?A A tiger. B. A lion. C. A bear.7. How much will the woman pay to
4、 visit the shelter?A. $7. B. $12. C. $14.请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the woman like about Stone Kastell?A. The size. B. The location. C. The facilities.9. Which place costs the most?A. The Sunset. B. Stone Kastell. C. La Guardia.请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What particularly attracts the man to Midway?A.
5、Its mountain views. B. Its old buildings. C. Its Ice Castles.11. What will the man do at Soldier Hollow Resort?A. Go skiing. B. Go snowshoeing. C. Go snow tubing.12. How long will the man stay in Midway?A. For a week. B. For two weeks. C. For three weeks.请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When will the man tour
6、the campus?A. On Monday morning. B. On Monday afternoon. C. On Tuesday afternoon.14. Which year of college are the speakers probably in now?A. The first year. B. The second year. C. The third year.15. What does the man suggest doing on Tuesday morning?A. Attending a lecture. B. Seeking legal advice.
7、 C. Visiting the library.16. What activity will the man take part in on Wednesday afternoon?A. Careers Lecture. B. Student Union Induction. C. Computer Lab Tour.请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Why does the speaker recommend working in the computer game industry?A. Its popular. B. Its creative. C. Its well-pa
8、id.18. What did the speaker major in at university?A. Computer. B. Physics. C. History.19. Who inspired the speaker to find a job in the computer game industry?A. His mother. B. His father. C. His uncle.20. What did the speaker do at first at the games company?A. He tested games. B. He wrote program
9、s. C. He did research.第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AReal Hotels Featured in MoviesTimberline LodgeFeatured in: The ShiningLocated on the south side of Mount Hood, Oregon, Timberline Lodge was used for some shots of the fictional Overlook H
10、otel in this 1980 horror film, based on Stephen Kings best-selling novel. Hotel management asked director Stanley Kubrick not to show room 217 (featured clearly in the book), concerned that future guests would avoid staying there. A nonexistent room number 237 was used instead. Surprisingly, room 21
11、7 is now requested more than any other room.Park Hyatt TokyoFeatured in: Lost in TranslationLocated in the lively Shinjuku district (地区), Park Hyatt Tokyo is a primary setting for Sofia Coppolas film Lost in Translation. Take a drink at the New York Bar on the hotels top floor (where Bill Murrays Bo
12、b Harris spends most of his evenings) and enjoy wonderful 360-degree views of the city and Mount Fuji.Juvet Landscape HotelFeatured in: Ex MachinaThis sci-fi thriller takes place at the remote, ultra-modern home of tech company CEO Nathan Bateman, the inventor of a highly advanced humanoid robot. Hi
13、s amazing house is actually the Juvet Landscape Hotel in Valldalen, Norway. Designed to blend in with (与协调) the environment, the hotels rooms feature natural materials and floor-to-ceiling glass windows.The Plaza HotelFeatured in: Home Alone 2: Lost in New YorkAfter accidentally boarding a flight to
14、 New York while the rest of his family heads to Florida, 10-year-old Kevin McCallister checks into the Plaza Hotel. For the 25th anniversary of Home Alone 2, the hotel is offering a special “Live Like Kevin” package, which includes an over-the-top ice cream sundae delivered to your room. The Plaza H
15、otel has been featured in several other films, including North by Northwest, Sleepless in Seattle and The Great Gatsby.1. Why was Stanley Kubrick required to use room number 237?A. For safety concerns.B. For welfare concerns.C. For a cultural reason.D. For an economic reason.2. Which hotel should yo
16、u choose if you want to enjoy a mountain view?A. The Plaza Hotel.B. Park Hyatt Tokyo.C. Timberline Lodge.D. Juvet Landscape Hotel.3. How is the Plaza Hotel different from the other three hotels?A. It is located in a big city.B. It has branches all over the world.C. It has appeared in more than one f
17、ilm.D. It is designed in harmony with nature.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了在电影中出现的现实中的真实酒店。【1题详解】推理判断题。由第一段中的“Hotel management asked director Stanley Kubrick not to show room 217 (featured clearly in the book), concerned that future guests would avoid staying there. A nonexistent room number
18、 237 was used instead.(酒店管理层要求主管Stanley Kubrick（不要展示217号房间（书中有明确说明），担心未来的客人会避免住在那里。取而代之的是不存在的237号房间)”可知，因为217号房间在小说中有明确说明，酒店管理层害怕未来的客人不住，不住就赚不到钱。由此可知，用237号房间代替是因为经济原因。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“Take a drink at the New York Bar on the hotels top floor (where Bill Murrays Bob Harris spends most of his ev
19、enings) and enjoy wonderful 360-degree views of the city and Mount Fuji.(在酒店顶层的纽约酒吧（Bill Murray的Bob Harris晚上大部分时间都在这里度过）喝上一杯，欣赏城市和富士山的360度美景)”可知，在Park Hyatt Tokyo可以欣赏到山景。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“Located on the south side of Mount Hood, Oregon, Timberline Lodge was used for some shots of the fictional
20、 Overlook Hotel in this 1980 horror film, based on Stephen Kings best-selling novel.(坐落在俄勒冈州胡德山南边的“Timberline Lodge”在这部1980年根据斯蒂芬金的畅销小说改编的恐怖片中被用来拍摄虚构的Overlook Hotel)”，第二段中的“Located in the lively Shinjuku district (地区), Park Hyatt Tokyo is a primary setting for Sofia Coppolas film Lost in Translation
21、.(位于热闹的新宿区，Park Hyatt Tokyo是Sofia Coppola电影迷失在翻译的主要拍摄地)”，第三段中的“This sci-fi thriller takes place at the remote, ultra-modern home of tech company CEO Nathan Bateman, the inventor of a highly advanced humanoid robot. His amazing house is actually the Juvet Landscape Hotel in Valldalen, Norway.(这部科幻惊悚片
22、发生在科技公司首席执行官Nathan Bateman的一个偏僻、超现代的家中，他发明了一种高度先进的人形机器人。他令人惊叹的房子实际上是位于挪威的Juvet Landscape Hotel)”和最后一段中的“The Plaza Hotel has been featured in several other films, including North by Northwest, Sleepless in Seattle and The Great Gatsby.(The Plaza Hotel也曾在其他几部电影中出现过，包括西北偏北、西雅图不眠之夜和了不起的盖茨比)”可知，The Plaza
23、 Hotel和其他三家酒店的不同之处在于它出现在不止一部电影中，其它三家酒店只出现在一部电影中。故选C项。BAll Luciano Faggiano wanted when he purchased the seemingly unremarkable building was to open a restaurant. The only problem was the toilet. Sewage (污物) kept backing up. So Mr. Faggiano asked his two sons to help him dig a trench (沟) and uncover
24、the problem. He predicted the job would take about a week. “We found some underground rooms, so we kept digging,” said Mr. Faggiano, 60.One week quickly passed, as the father and sons discovered a tomb of the Messapians, who lived centuries ago. Soon, the family discovered a room used to store grain
25、 by the ancient Romans. Mr. Faggiano did not initially tell his wife about the extent of the work. His wife soon became suspicious (怀疑的).“We had all these dirty clothes, every day,” she said. “I didnt understand what was going on.”After watching the Faggiano men pull away debris (碎片) in the back sea
26、t of the family car, neighbors also became suspicious and informed the authorities. Officials arrived and stopped the digging, warning Mr. Faggiano against operating an unapproved archaeological (考古的) work site. Mr. Faggiano responded that he was just looking for a sewage pipe.A year passed. Finally
27、, Mr. Faggiano was allowed to continue his search for the sewage pipe on condition that officials observed the work. An underground treasure house came into view, as the family uncovered ancient vases, an ancient ring with symbols and more. Today, the building is the Faggiano Museum, an independent
28、archaeological museum authorized by the government.Mr. Faggiano is now satisfied with his museum, but he has not forgotten about the restaurant. A few years later, he finally found his sewage pipe. It was, indeed, broken. He has since bought another building and is again planning for a restaurant. “
29、I still want it,” he said of the restaurant. “Im very stubborn.”4. Why did Faggiano dig the trench?A. To repair the toilet.B. To lay a sewage pipe.C. To find ancient treasure.D. To bury some dirty clothes.5. What did Faggiano find underground?A. Groundwater.B. A rough shelter.C. An ancient tomb.D. A
30、n old Roman city.6. Why did Faggiano have to stop the digging for some time?A. His wife didnt allow him to do it.B. He was unsatisfied with his sons work.C. He didnt get permission from the government.D. His neighbors were annoyed about the noise pollution.7. How did Faggiano deal with the first bui
31、lding he bought?A. He sold it.B. He repaired it.C. He donated it to a charity.D. He changed it into a museum.【答案】4. A 5. C 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，Luciano Faggiano买下一座看似不起眼的建筑时，只想开一家餐馆，但厕所有问题，他就想挖一条沟，找出问题所在，挖沟的时候就挖出了一座生活在几个世纪前的迈萨皮安人的坟墓。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“The only problem was the toilet. Sewage (污
32、物) kept backing up. So Mr. Faggiano asked his two sons to help him dig a trench (沟) and uncover the problem.”（唯一的问题是厕所。污物不断堆积。因此，Faggiano先生让他的两个儿子帮他挖一条沟，找出问题所在。），可知Faggiano挖沟是为了解决厕所问题，即修厕所。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第二段中的“One week quickly passed, as the father and sons discovered a tomb of the Messapians, wh
33、o lived centuries ago.”（一个星期很快过去了，父子们发现了一座生活在几个世纪前的迈萨皮安人的坟墓。），可知Faggiano先生和儿子们发现了一座古墓。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“Officials arrived and stopped the digging, warning Mr. Faggiano against operating an unapproved archaeological (考古的) work site.”（官员们赶到并停止了挖掘工作，警告Faggiano不要对一个未经批准的考古工地施工。），可知因为此古墓没有得到政府的许可，所
34、以官员让Faggiano停止挖掘。故选C项。【7题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“Today, the building is the Faggiano Museum, an independent archaeological museum authorized by the government.”（如今，这座建筑就是Faggiano博物馆，这是一个由政府授权的独立考古博物馆。），可知Faggiano把他买的厕所有问题的第一栋楼变成了考古博物馆。故选D项。CElectric cars are getting cheaper and their sales are on the rise
35、, but their future success may depend on abandoning a key ingredient: the heavy metal cobalt (钴). The mineral is used in lithium-ion (锂离子) batteries that power most electric cars, and demand for it is steadily increasing. A new analysis by Elsa Olivetti at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology h
36、as found that there may be cobalt shortages if we dont start refining (提炼) and recycling it more efficiently or in greater quantities. She estimates that global demand for cobalt will rise to between 235,000 and 430,000 tonnes by 2030 an amount that is at least 1.6 times the worlds current ability t
37、o refine the metal, as of 2016 figures.Cobalt is often produced as a by-product of copper or nickel mining. It is expensive, at around $33,000 per tonne, and also comes with a human cost. Most of the worlds supply 60 per cent comes from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where mining has been lin
38、ked to child labour and deaths.The new analysis suggests short-term cobalt supply is adequate, but that more mining exploration, such as in the ocean, is required. In addition, we will need to speed up cobalt recycling by recovering it from batteries in unusable electric cars, laptops and mobile pho
39、nes. Another option is to shift to batteries that use less cobalt, or none at all. Elon Musks car firm Tesla is in talks with battery manufacturer CATL to use entirely cobalt-free batteries in its China-made cars.Lithium-ion batteries in electric cars commonly use either lithium nickel cobalt alumin
40、ium oxide or lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide for their ability to provide a high energy density a key factor in how far an electric car can go on a single charge. For short-range cars made and sold in China, Tesla claims that it will instead use lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 ) (磷酸铁锂) batter
41、ies, which are much cheaper and have a longer lifespan (寿命). Besides, they have less of an environmental impact compared with those needing cobalt. The disadvantage is that they tend to have a lower energy density, reducing how far a car can travel without needing to be charged.LiFePO 4 batteries ar
42、e already widely used by other Chinese firms, including BYD, the worlds biggest electric car manufacturer. If other electric car manufacturers follow internationally, we may be able to reduce our dependence on a limited mineral resource.8. What is Elsa Olivettis prediction?A. Cobalt will be needed b
43、adly.B. Cobalt will be recycled efficiently.C. Cobalt will be refined in a different way.D. Cobalt will be replaced by other heavy metals.9. What is a suggested solution to cobalt shortages?A. Turning to renewable energy sources.B. Choosing batteries produced by Tesla.C. Decreasing the number of pri
44、vate vehicles.D. Making the best use of abandoned batteries.10. Compared with lithium-ion batteries, LiFePO 4 batteries _.A. are more expensiveB. are more eco-friendlyC. have fewer life cyclesD. offer more usable energy11. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Cobalt: a new choice for batteri
45、esB. How do lithium-ion batteries work?C. Tesla vs. BYD: a tough competitionD. Can electric cars kick the cobalt habit?【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，电动汽车越来越便宜，销量也在上升，但未来电动汽车的成功可能取决于放弃一种关键成分：重金属钴。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段中的“A new analysis by Elsa Olivetti at the Massachusetts Institute of Technol
46、ogy has found that there may be cobalt shortages if we dont start refining (提炼) and recycling it more efficiently or in greater quantities.”（麻省理工学院Elsa Olivetti的一项新分析发现，如果我们不开始提炼并更有效地回收利用大量钴，可能会出现钴短缺。），可知Elsa Olivetti预测我们会出现钴短缺，即我们急需钴。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中的“In addition, we will need to speed up cob
47、alt recycling by recovering it from batteries in unusable electric cars, laptops and mobile phones.”（此外，我们还需要加快钴的回收，从无法使用的电动车、笔记本电脑和手机的电池中回收。），可知人们可以充分利用各种废弃电子产品的废弃电池回收利用钴。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中的“For short-range cars made and sold in China, Tesla claims that it will instead use lithium iron phospha
48、te (LiFePO 4 ) (磷酸铁锂) batteries, which are much cheaper and have a longer lifespan (寿命). Besides, they have less of an environmental impact compared with those needing cobalt.”（对于在中国制造和销售的短程汽车，特斯拉声称将改用LiFePO 4电池，这种电池更便宜，寿命更长。此外，与需要钴的相比，它们对环境的影响更小。），可知LiFePO 4更加环保。故选B项。11题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段中的“Electric car
49、s are getting cheaper and their sales are on the rise, but their future success may depend on abandoning a key ingredient: the heavy metal cobalt (钴).”（电动汽车越来越便宜，销量也在上升，但它们未来的成功可能取决于放弃一种关键成分：重金属钴。）和第一段后文讲的“Elsa Olivetti预测我们会出现钴短缺”，第二段讲“钴开采很贵，与刚果童工和死亡有关”，第三段讲“钴短缺的建议解决方案”，第四段讲“钴的替代品LiFePO 4，它便宜、寿命长，但能
50、量密度较低”，最后一段讲“LiFePO 4在中国其他公司的广泛使用，作者希望其他电动汽车制造商也用LiFePO 4”，可知未来电动汽车的成功取决于放弃钴，未来会出现钴短缺，钴不仅贵，还不环保，LiFePO虽有优点，但也有缺点，不是所有电动汽车制造商都用LiFePO，因此本文讲的是电动汽车用不用钴的问题，D项“电动汽车能不依赖钴吗？”为短文的最佳标题。故选D项。DTeenage sailors have been making headlines. A young person alone in a dangerous situation attracts attention and spons
51、ors. Young sailors also attract divided opinions. For example, Jessica Watson was asked by the local government to cancel her voyage; yet the Prime Minister called her “a hero for young Australians ”when she returned. It seems there is confusion about the competence and independence of young people.
52、 One misunderstanding at least should be cleared up: children are not going to sea in an unregulated way. Consider the case of the Dutch girl, Laura Dekker. When her father agreed to her making a solo (独自的) voyage at age 13, the Dutch Council for Child Care prevented it. The World Sailing Speed Reco
53、rd Council also moved to discourage very young sailors by abolishing their age-based records in early 2009. So community control of children under 16 years already happens. But the case for controlling older teenagers as if they were children is weak.Teenage brains, so the popular psychologists tell
54、 us, are likely to make faulty judgements. But such generalisations often do not apply to specific individuals. Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence each is allowed should be determined not simply by their age but by negotiations with t
55、he relevant, responsible adults. Some teens are certainly inexperienced and capable of childish mistakes, but the ones who attempt dangerous journeys normally do so by winning the confidence of hard-headed and well-qualified adult supporters. But it is also wrong to think that any 16-year-old can ga
56、in achievements as unusual as Jessica Watsons. Watson seems to suggest they can when she calls herself “an ordinary girl who had a dream”. Her intention is to encourage teenagers but this can have the opposite effect of making them feel incapable because remarkable accomplishments are beyond them. S
57、hould all teens have such dreams? In reality, individuals face varying circumstances that restrict their dreams.Teenage sailors should not be judged by preconceived (事 先 形 成 的) views about young people. But nor should “ordinary” teenagers feel pressure to achieve extraordinary personal goals. In fac
58、t, I believe the example of solo sailing over stresses individualism. The teenage years are when most of us “ordinary” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.12. What do we know about Jessica Watson?A. She made a voyage successfully.B. She wants to attract potential
59、 sponsors.C. She was discouraged by the Prime Minister.D. She works as a sailor for the local government.13. Why does the author mention the Dutch girl?A. To praise her for her bravery.B. To stress she was overprotected.C. To show community control of teenage sailors.D. To explain why there is a mis
60、understanding of teenage sailors.14. What does the author think of teenagers independence?A. It is closely related to their age.B. It often leads to faulty judgements.C. It is developed through independent journeys.D. It differs hugely from individual to individual.15. What does the author encourage
61、 teenagers to do?A. Be engaged in teamwork.B. Work under certain pressure.C. Avoid having preconceived views.D. Make every effort to achieve their personal goals.【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了独自一人环游世界的年轻人经常成为头条新闻。一个年轻人Jessica Watson成为了澳大利亚年轻人的英雄，为此各方有着不同的看法。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“For e
62、xample, Jessica Watson was asked by the local government to cancel her voyage; yet the Prime Minister called her “a hero for young Australians ”when she returned.”（例如，当地政府要求杰西卡沃森取消航程；然而当她回国时，总理称她为“澳大利亚年轻人的英雄”。）由此判断出，她的航行非常的成功。故选A项。13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When her father agreed to her making a solo (独自的)
63、 voyage at age 13, the Dutch Council for Child Care prevented it. The World Sailing Speed Record Council also moved to discourage very young sailors by abolishing their age-based records in early 2009. So community control of children under 16 years already happens”（当她的父亲同意她在13岁时独自航行时，荷兰儿童看护委员会阻止了这一
64、计划。2009年初，世界帆船速度记录理事会(World Sailing Speed Record Council)取消了以年龄为基础的记录，以此来打击年轻海员的积极性。因此，对16岁以下的儿童，社区控制已经开始实施。）可知，作者通过举例的目的是为了告知我们：对16岁以下的儿童，社区控制已经开始实施。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Between the ages of 14 and 18, teenagers vary greatly in their abilities. The amount of independence each is allowed should
65、be determined not simply by their age but by negotiations with the relevant, responsible adults.”（14岁到18岁之间，青少年的能力差异很大。每个人的独立程度不应仅仅由他们的年龄决定，还应由与相关的、负责任的成年人协商决定。）可知，关于青少年的独立程度是因人而异的。故选D项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In fact, I believe the example of solo sailing over stresses individualism. The teenage year
66、s are when most of us “ordinary” people learn that we can achieve great things in cooperation with others.”（事实上，我认为独自航行的例子强调了个人主义。青少年时期，我们大多数“普通人”知道，我们可以通过与他人合作实现伟大的事情。）可知，作者不强调“个人主义”反而作者鼓励青少年做参与团队合作。故选A项。第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nordic WalkingStarted in Fi
67、nland in the early 20th century, Nordic walking used to be a summer training exercise for cross-country skiers. _16_ In that year, a Finnish company invented a new wrist strap (腕带) system to make the present-day Nordic walking technique possible. Outside of Finland, Nordic walking has been well rece
68、ived in Austria, Germany, Norway and Sweden. _17_Nordic walking is great for people who are looking for a smart physical activity with maximum health benefits, combined with fun and convenience. Nordic walking takes fitness walking to a new level by adding poles to produce an incredible upper body w
69、orkout. _18_ Besides, it also takes stress off your ankles, knees and hip joints (髋关节)._19_ Nordic walking is no different. For best fitness results and physical safety, ensure that you use only Nordic walking poles which have been specifically designed for this sport. Dont try to use skiing or hiki
70、ng poles which are designed and meant to be for a totally different purpose.When you walk normally and carry poles with you, it is called the “2-wheel drive”. As soon as you hold the poles properly and start using your upper body, youre now in the 4-wheel drive. Every step should begin with the heel
71、 touching the ground. _20_ Just hold them tightly every time when they hit the ground, and let them go as they are drawn back behind your body, finishing up with an open hand.A. Just remember to choose lightweight walking shoes.B. Your hands should always be in a “hold-n-go” state with the poles.C.
72、As with any sport, it is always important to have the right equipment.D. There are also many Nordic walking clubs that offer regular weekly walks.E. This strengthens your arms, chest, back and makes your body more flexible.F. The real breakthrough of Nordic walking as a practiced exercise came in 19
73、97.G. It is now progressing well into other countries such as Japan, Australia, the UK and the USA.【答案】16. F 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了北欧式健走的发展情况以及对身体的好处。【16题详解】上文提到“Nordic walking used to be a summer training exercise for cross-country skiers.（北欧式健走曾是越野滑雪者的一项夏季训练）”；下文“In that year, a F
74、innish company invented a new wrist strap (腕带) system to make the present-day Nordic walking technique possible. (那一年，一家芬兰公司发明了一种新的腕带系统，使今天的北欧式健走技术成为可能)”；F项中“Nordic walking”与上文中的“Nordic walking”是词汇复现，是顺承上文的话题；“in 1997”与下文中的“In that year”相一致；“The real breakthrough（真正的突破）”指下文中提到的“a Finnish company inv
75、ented a new wrist strap (腕带) system.”。故选F。【17题详解】上文提到“Outside of Finland, Nordic walking has been well received in Austria, Germany, Norway and Sweden.（除芬兰外，北欧式健走在奥地利、德国、挪威和瑞典都很受欢迎。）”；G项中“It is now progressing well into（它顺利进展到）”与上文中的“has been well received”相呼应；“other countries such as Japan, Austral
76、ia, the UK and the USA.”与上文中的“in Austria, Germany, Norway and Sweden”相呼应；故选G。【18题详解】上文提到“Nordic walking takes fitness walking to a new level by adding poles to produce an incredible upper body workout.（北欧式健走通过增加手杖让上半身很好地得到锻炼，让健身步行提高到一个新的水平）”； E项中“This strengthens your arms, chest, back（这会加强你的手臂、胸部和背
77、部）”与上文中的“produce an incredible upper body workout”语义一致。故选E。【19题详解】下文提到“Nordic walking is no different. ensure that you use only Nordic walking poles which have been specifically designed for this sport. Dont try to use skiing or hiking poles（北欧式徒步也不例外。确保您只使用为这项运动专门设计的越野行走杖。不要尝试使用滑雪或徒步旅行的手杖”；C项中“As w
78、ith any sport（和任何运动一样）”与下文的“Nordic walking is no different”语义一致；“it is always important to have the right equipment（合适的装备是很重要的）”与下文中的“Nordic walking poles which have been specifically designed for this sport”相一致。故选C。【20题详解】下文提到“Just hold them tightly every time when they hit the ground, and let them
79、 go as they are drawn back behind your body, finishing up with an open hand.（每次它们落地的时候，都要紧紧抓住它们；当它们向后拉到你身体后面的时候，再松开，最后张开手）”；下文即是对B项“Your hands should always be in a“hold-n-go”state with the poles.（你的手应该始终对手杖处于“握紧松开”的状态。）”作出进一步解释，“hold them tightly and let them go”与B项中“ahold-n-gostate”相一致。 故选B。第二部分语言
80、运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。My husband came out into the front yard, where I was_21_his clothes.“Is the dryer broken?” he asked.“Theres nothing wrong with it, but it costs money to_22_and it is bad for the environment,”I said.I _23_this
81、 recently while traveling in Italy, where clotheslines are everywhere.“Try to think of it as an art exhibition ,”I said.“I doubt if our_24_will consider it to be art, ”he said. He had a point . Americans have a reputation for being anti-clothesline. No one else has a clothesline in my neighborhood.A
82、fter a week of_25_the laundry in the front yard, I was_26_that none of my neighbors even mentioned my clothesline. I_27_a particularly artistic photo of a T-shirt online, which looked as if one sleeve were waving hello. Afterward, I received plenty of_28_comments such as “beautiful” or “lovely”. A f
83、ew days later, I asked one of my neighbors about her opinion of front yard clotheslines.“Well, do you have a_29_?”she asked. Yes,” I replied.“Why not move them behind your house?” she added.What do experts have to say on the topic? I_30_Anne Lawrence, a clothesline expert in Michigan, who speaks reg
84、ularly to schoolchildren about the importance of keeping the practice_31_.“How do you feel about a front yard clothesline?” I asked her.“It is considered a bit_32_because people cant avoid seeing it,” she admitted.“It would be better if you had a backyard.”After I got off the phone with Ms. Lawrence
85、, I_33_the front yard line with a longer one in back, offering more_34_for artistic freedom. I could have a colorful laundry display with an army of my pink, yellow and white socks marching in a row. When the sun hits just right, what a(n)_35_scene it would be!21. A. washingB. ironingC. hangingD. me
86、nding22. A. runB. buildC. decorateD. change23. A. sharedB. realizedC. discussedD. remembered24. A. childrenB. parentsC. friendsD. neighbors25. A. dryingB. foldingC. separatingD. providing26. A. afraidB. annoyedC. surprisedD. concerned27. A. tookB. postedC. printedD. found28. A. unfairB. strangeC. po
87、sitiveD. interesting29. A. basementB. backyardC. balconyD. clothesline30. A. phonedB. visitedC. admiredD. challenged31. A. properB. simpleC. formalD. alive32. A. confusingB. dangerousC. complicatedD. embarrassing33. A. replacedB. comparedC. connectedD. balanced34. A. guidanceB. protectionC. requirem
88、entsD. opportunities35. A. familiarB. extraordinaryC. horribleD. successful【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. D 33. A 34. D 35. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在意大利旅行时获得灵感，开始在家里前院使用晾衣绳，也没有收到周围邻居的反对意见。于是，作者在网上发布了一张特别有艺术感的T恤照片，也得到了很多正面的评价。在和晾衣绳专家通过电话后，作者将晾衣绳换成了更长的绳子，好让自己有更多
89、的机会进行艺术创作。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫走到前院，我正在那儿晾他的衣服。A. washing洗涤；B. ironing熨烫；C. hanging悬挂；D. mending修补。根据后文“Is the dryer broken?”可推知作者正在前院晾衣服。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说：“它没坏，只是运行起来要花钱，而且对环境有害。”A. run运行，奔跑；B. build建立；C. decorate装饰；D. change改变。这里it指的是烘干机，即烘干机运行起来要花钱。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我最近在意大利旅行时意识到这一点
90、，那里到处都是晾衣绳。A. shared分享；B. realized意识到；C. discussed讨论；D. remembered记得。根据后文“this recently while traveling in Italy, where clotheslines are everywhere”可知作者是在意大利旅行时意识到不使用烘干机的。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我怀疑我们的邻居是否会认为这是艺术，”他说。A. children孩子；B. parents父母；C. friends朋友；D. neighbors邻居。根据后文“Americans have a reputa
91、tion for being anti-clothesline. No one else has a clothesline in my neighborhood.”可知丈夫在担心邻居会反对晾衣绳。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在前院晾了一个星期的衣服后，我感到奇怪的是，邻居们竟然没有一个人提起我的晾衣绳。A. drying晾干，脱水；B. folding折叠；C. separating分开；D. providing提供。结合后文“the laundry in the front yard”以及上文提到的作者在前院晾干衣服，故此处指晾了一个星期衣服用drying。故选A。【26
92、题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在前院晾了一个星期的衣服后，我感到奇怪的是，邻居们竟然没有一个人提起我的晾衣绳。A. afraid害怕的；B. annoyed恼怒的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. concerned关心的。上文提到美国人以反对晾衣绳而闻名，但是作者用了一周的晾衣绳也没有人来投诉，所以作者感到惊讶。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在网上发了一张特别有艺术感的T恤照片，看起来好像有一只袖子在招手。A. took带走；B. posted发布，张贴；C. printed印刷；D. found找到。根据后文“online”可知在网上发布照片。故选B。【28题详解
93、】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：之后，我收到了很多正面的评价，比如“漂亮”、“可爱”。A. unfair不公平的；B. strange奇怪的；C. positive积极的；D. interesting有趣的。结合后文“beautiful”和“lovely”可知都是对照片积极正面的评价。故选C。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“那么，你有后院吗？”她问道。A. basement地下室；B. backyard后院；C. balcony阳台；D. clothesline晾衣绳。根据后文“Why not move them behind your house?”可知邻居询问的是作者家有没有后院，为什
94、么不把衣服移到房子的后院。故选B。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给密歇根的晾衣绳专家Anne Lawrence打了电话，她经常向学生们讲述使用晾衣绳的重要性。A. phoned打电话；B. visited拜访；C. admired钦佩；D. challenged挑战。结合后文“After I got off the phone with Ms. Lawrence”可知作者给Lawrence打了电话。故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我给密歇根的晾衣绳专家Anne Lawrence打了电话，她经常向学生们讲述使用晾衣绳的重要性。A. proper适当的；B. simple
95、简单的；C. formal正式的；D. alive活着的。结合上文“keeping the practice”可知此处为短语keep sth. alive“使某物存活”，这里理解为继续在日常生活中使用晾衣绳这种东西。故选D。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她承认：“这被认为是有点尴尬的，因为人们无法避免看到它。”A. confusing令人困惑的；B. dangerous危险的；C. complicated复杂的；D. embarrassing令人尴尬的。结合后文“because people cant avoid seeing it”因为人们总是能看到晾衣绳，所以会有点令人尴尬。故选
96、D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我和Lawrence女士通完电话后，我把前院的绳子换成了更长的黑绳子，为艺术自由提供了更多的机会。A. replaced取代；B. compared比较；C. connected连接；D. balanced平衡。结合后文“the front yard line with a longer one in back”可知作者把前院的绳子换成了更长的绳子。故选A。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我和Lawrence女士通完电话后，我把前院的绳子换成了更长的黑绳子，为艺术自由提供了更多的机会。A. guidance指导；B. protection保护
97、；C. requirements要求；D. opportunities机会。根据后文“for artistic freedom”可知新换的晾衣绳为作者的艺术创作提供了更多的机会。故选D。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当太阳正好照到的时候，那将是一幅多么非凡的场景啊！A. familiar熟悉的；B. extraordinary卓越的，非凡的；C. horrible可怕的；D. successful成功的。结合上文“I could have a colorful laundry display with an army of my pink, yellow and white sock
98、s marching in a row.”可知作者的晾衣绳上有各种色彩，故推测当阳光照到的时候，是一副非凡的场景。故选B。第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Each year, 25 million tons of seaweed _36_ (harvest), most of which is used for human consumption. But what about using it to power our vehicles? Danish scientists recently announced
99、 they had used a seaweed fuel to power an automobile, _37_ (achieve) speeds of 80 kph.One of the _38_ (large) sources of clean renewable energy used today is biofuels. _39_ (produce) from garbage or the agricultural by-products from growing crops like sugar and corn, they contribute to energy _40_ (
100、secure) while also reducing carbon emissions. Within Europes transportation sector _41_ vast quantity of renewable energy-powered solutions use these land-based sources of biofuels. However, they require land, fertilizer (肥料), and irrigation resources _42_(make) these biofuels, so Europe is looking
101、largely towards ocean-based sources of biofuels namely algae and seaweed, _43_ need nothing more than saltwater and sun to grow incredibly fast.Van Hal, the scientific coordinator for EU-funded MacroFuels, says learning to manage a 10-acre seaweed farm is similar to managing a 1,000-acre farm. To tu
102、rn seaweed fuel _44_ a reality, though, requires a supply on a “huge scale”. He aims to create an entire industry around seaweed biofuels that includes farming, producing and testing _45_ (specific) for heavy machinery like trucks and ships.【答案】36. is harvested 37. achieving 38. largest 39. Produced
103、 40. security 41. a 42. to make 43. which 44. into 45. specifically【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了海藻燃料作为一种生物燃料，安全环保。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：每年收获海藻2500万吨，大部分用于人类消费。此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语Each year可知，本句表示经常发生的事情，时态用一般现在时，主语25 million tons of seaweed和谓语harvest是被动关系，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语25 million tons of seaweed单数，谓语也用单数形式。故填is harvested。【
104、37题详解】考查现在分词。句意：丹麦科学家最近宣布，他们使用海藻燃料为汽车提供动力，实现了80公里每小时。they had used a seaweed fuel to power an automobile已有谓语had used且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语they和动词achieve是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词（doing）表主动，作状语。故填achieving。【38题详解】考查最高级。句意：生物燃料是当今使用的最大的清洁可再生能源之一。固定用法one of the +形容词最高级+名词，意为“之一”，此处用形容词最高级作定语。故填largest。【39题详解】考查过去分词。句意
105、：它们由垃圾或种植糖和玉米等农作物的农副产品产生，有助于能源安全，同时也减少碳排放。本句已有谓语contribute且无连词，此处用非谓语形式，主语they（指生物能源）和动词produce是逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词表被动，作状语，首字母大写。故填Produced。【40题详解】考查名词。句意：它们由垃圾或种植糖和玉米等农作物的农副产品产生，有助于能源安全，同时也减少碳排放。介词to后用名词（短语）作宾语，此处用不可数名词security。故填security。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：在欧洲的交通部门，大量可再生能源驱动的解决方案都使用这些陆基生物燃料。固定搭配a (vast) q
106、uantity of +可数名词/不可数名词（大量的）。故填a。【42题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，它们需要土地、肥料和灌溉资源来制造这些生物燃料，因此欧洲主要着眼于海洋生物燃料的来源即藻类和海藻，它们只需要海水和阳光就可以迅速生长。由语境可知，此处表目的，应用动词不定式（to do）表目的，做目的状语。故填to make。【43题详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：然而，它们需要土地、肥料和灌溉资源来制造这些生物燃料，因此欧洲主要着眼于海洋生物燃料的来源即藻类和海藻，它们只需要海水和阳光就可以迅速生长。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是algae and seaweed，指物，在从句中作主
107、语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：然而，要将海藻燃料变成现实，需要“大规模”的供应。固定搭配turninto（把变成）。故填into。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：他的目标是围绕海藻生物燃料创建一个完整的产业，包括养殖、生产和测试特别是卡车和船舶等重型机械。此处用副词specifically（特别）作状语修饰整个句子。故填specifically。第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）46. 假定你是李华，你的英国留学生朋友John没有进入“汉语才艺大赛”的决赛，感到非常沮丧。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示理解；2. 给予安
108、慰；3. 鼓励继续努力。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Dear John,I am sorry to know that you didnt make it to the final of the Chinese Talent Show. I was told that you are in low spirits and I understand how you feel. However, I think you should cheer up. You have tried your best, so there is nothing to re
109、gret. And have you noticed that you have made great progress in Chinese and singing since you took part in the talent show? This is what you have gained and what really matters. Moreover, its common for us to experience failure, which will encourage us to go further. Keep on trying and you will succ
110、eed sooner or later. I wish you happy every day. Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国留学生朋友John写封邮件，对John没有进入“汉语才艺大赛”的决赛进行安慰。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和现在完成时，少量一般过去时和一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 表示理解；2. 给予安慰；3. 鼓励继续努力。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）be sorry to do sth.; make it; chee
111、r up; try ones best; make great progress; take part in sth.; encourage sb. to do sth.第三步：连词成句1. I am sorry to know that you didnt make it to the final of the Chinese Talent Show.2. However, I think you should cheer up.3. You have tried your best, so there is nothing to regret.4. And have you noticed
112、 that you have made great progress in Chinese and singing since you took part in the talent show?5. Moreover, its common for us to experience failure, which will encourage us to go further.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：And，Moreover2.表转折对比关系：However 2.表因果关系：so连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子
113、之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1 This is what you have gained and what really matters.用了两个what引导的表语从句。高分句型2 Moreover, its common for us to experience failure, which will encourage us to go further. 用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。第二节（满分25分）47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。I was sitting at the di
114、nner table with my family. Without warning, my brother smiled and turned down the kitchen lights so we all were sitting in darkness. Then my mom walked over, carrying a big, chocolate cake decorated with red icing. The cake was lit up with ten birthday candles, and everyone started singing to me!My
115、favorite part of birthdays is getting the chance to make a wish. Sometimes wishes come true, and sometimes they dont, but the fun of waiting and hoping makes me happy. Its like magic is in the air or something. Maybe Im too old to believe in magic and wishes, but I dont care. I still do it.I closed
116、my eyes, made a wish, and blew. My grandparents clapped and my little sister stuck her finger into the clouds of icing. Shes always doing stupid things like that. Mom took the cake away to cut it into slices. She gave me the first piece, and it was awesome. Chocolate with vanilla (香草味的)cream in the
117、middle-delicious.Ding-dong! The doorbell rang. We werent expecting anybody else. Why dont you go answer the door, kiddo? suggested Dad. He likes calling me kiddo. Mom says its because hes always calling us kids by the wrong names. I frowned (皱眉) trying to think. Was this a trick? Was I about to be m
118、ade fun of?Okay, I said slowly and headed for the door. I couldnt see anybody through the glass window. Cautiously I opened the door. There was a large box on the doorstep decorated with a note on it that read, Happy Birthday! Open me!Whats this?Now I was confused, but excited. The box wasnt very he
119、avy, so I bought it inside. My family crowded all around me. What is it? asked my grandma. Open it! My brother was impatient, as usual. Box ,box! yelled my little sister, trying to get her hands on it.Paragraph 1:“Hold on, everybody,” I said. _Paragraph 2:My heart melted as I picked it up._【答案】“Hold
120、 on, everybody,” I said. I took a deep breath to calm myself down. I carefully put the box on the floor and slowly opened it. At first sight, it looked like the box was empty. As I moved closer to the box, I suddenly found there were a pair of big, beautiful brown eyes staring back at me. And there
121、was a wagging tail that seemed like it would never stop.My heart melted as I picked it up. I gently held its warm body in my arms.A dog, I whispered. My eyes hurt a little as I felt happy tears gathering. I couldnt believe it. I had been wanting a dog forever, but I knew it was impossible because my
122、 parents were occupied with work from sunrise to sunset and had no interest in keeping a dog to make them busier. As I held the dog, I knew that, no matter what anyone else says, wishes sometimes do come true.【解析】分析】这是一篇读后续写。本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者喜欢过生日，因为生日的时候有机会许愿，有时愿望会成真。家人在帮作者过生日时，突然门铃响了，作者因为以前被骗去开门过，所
123、以就没去开门。在家人的动员下，作者去开门，发现一个上面写着“生日快乐！打开我！”的大盒子，家人都好奇里面是什么，想打开盒子。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“大家等一下，”我说。”可知，第一段可描写作者打开了盒子，发现里面有一只可爱的小狗。由第二段首句内容“当我拿起它时，我的心融化了。”可知，第二段可描写作者抱起小狗，觉得很开心很感动，因为作者以前知道养狗是不可能的，但现在愿望成真了。2.续写线索：等待打开盒子发现小狗拿起小狗快乐感动感悟3.词汇激活行为类等待：hold on打开：slowly opened it发现：suddenly found拿起：picked it up情绪类冷静：
124、calm down开心：happy眼泪：tears【点睛】高分句型1 As I moved closer to the box, I suddenly found there were a pair of big, beautiful brown eyes staring back at me.（As 引导时间状语从句，found后接省略that引导的宾语从句）高分句型2 I knew that, no matter what anyone else says, wishes sometimes do come true.（that后接宾语从句，此宾语从句用了no matter what引导的让步状语从句）
