1、Unit 3 单元综合A When its five oclock, people leave their office. The length of the workday, for many workers, is defined by time. They leave when the clocks tell them theyre done. These days, the time is everywhere: not just on clocks or watches, but on cellphones and computers. That may be a bad thing
2、, particularly at work. New research shows that clock-based work schedules get in the way of creativity. Clock-timers organize their day by blocks of minutes and hours, for example, a meeting from 9 a. m. to 10 a. m. , research from 10 a. m. to noon, etc. On the other hand, task-timers have a list o
3、f things they want to accomplish. They work down the list, and each task starts when the previous task is completed. It is said that all of us employ a mix of both these types of planning. What, then, are the effects of thinking about time in these different ways? Does one make us more productive? B
4、etter at the tasks at hand? Happier? In experiments conducted by Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier, they had participants organize different activities from project planning, holiday shopping to yoga by time or the to-do list to measure how they performed under clock time vs task time”. They found
5、clock-timers to be more efficient(有效率的) but less happy because they felt little control over their lives. Task-timers were happier and more creative, but less productive. They tended to enjoy the moment when something good was happening, and seized opportunities that came up. The researchers argue t
6、hat task-based organizing tends to be undervalued and not be supported in the business culture. This might be a small change to the way we view work and the office, but the researchers argue that it challenges a widespread characteristic of the economy: work organized by clock time. While most peopl
7、e will still probably need, and be, to some extent, clock-timers, task-based timing should be used when we are performing a job that requires more creativity. Itll make those tasks easier, and the task-doers will be happier.1.What does the author say about clock-based work?A.It makes workers very ti
8、red.B.It reminds workers to come to the office on time.C.It makes workers aware of the precious time.D.It may have a bad effect on the creativity.2.What did Tamar Avnet and Anne-Laure Sellier find in their experiments about clock-timers?A.They seized opportunities as they came up.B.They always got t
9、heir work done in time.C.They tended to be more productive.D.They could control their life.3.What do the researchers suggest?A.Task-based timing is preferred for doing creative work.B.It is important to keep a balance between work and life.C.Performing creative jobs tends to make workers happier.D.A
10、 scientific standard should be adopted in job judgement.BBefore leaving work, Steve Lee likes to use his cell phone to turn on his heat and air conditioning system at home. So by the time he gets through traffic into his front door, the temperature inside is perfect. You may wonder what a so-called
11、smart home can do inside.Lee works for a company called Smarthome. com, testing and living with many of his companys home automation gadgets (自动化小配件），like this multifunction touch screen that controls devices around the house and even connects to the Internet traffic cameras. “I have cameras, and th
12、ey follow all the way down the freeway to work，” said Lee with pride. “Whats going on at home when you are away? No problem, install some wireless cameras and controllers and from any computer in the world with an Internet connection you can watch your house.”“You can check on the house，and I can lo
13、ok at the temperature. Believe it or not, if I want to turn on lights ahead of time，I can，” added Lee.We sat in Steves California kitchen and with the right password，turned on the kitchen counter lights at his boss house in Wisconsin. Steve did have permission to log on(登录).“If you do know the passw
14、ord and you want to play a trick on your wife, you could turn lights on and off remotely. ”This new technology, which can automatically turn on water sprinklers when humidity is low, or turn off a pool pump when it is not in use, is no longer expensive. Several hundred dollars for a basic system is
15、enough and it is not hard to install.Sure the convenience is nice but many people who like the security advantages like making sure kids are safe with the help of camera monitors and bedside alerts. “I can notice that maybe one of my children wakes up in the middle of the night once the light switch
16、 is turned on.”What a smart home cant do is to get you a snack and you have to leave the couch for that.1.What does the underlined word “password” in Paragraph 5 mean?A.Security code.B. Crossword.C. Passport.D. Touch screen.2.What can be inferred from this passage?A.Steves boss trusted him very much
17、.B.Steve doesnt like to play jokes on his family.C.Steve could log on his boss home because he had been given the key.D.Its expensive and difficult to apply a basic smart home system.3.According to the passage, the following is often a must for a smart home EXCEPT a .A. cell phoneB. computerC.camera
18、D. car4.What cant a smart home do according to the passage?A.Turn on the light automatically.B.Get the owner some food.C.Turn off a pool pump.D.Watch over the homes safety.CWhere can you find a nice place to relax on holiday for both you and your children? Well, I suggest you try the beautiful and g
19、reen Isle of Wight (IOW). The Isle of Wight is one of the main tourist attractions. Here is some information on a few of the attractions on the IOW.Dinosaur Isle It is located in Sandown, a seaside town on the southeast coast. Its a large, lovely museum, both fun and educational. Here you can see a
20、large fossil collection of all kinds of dinosaurs，as well as a gift shop. You can walk into the past and then the future, learning about the history and the development of the civilization of dinosaurs that lived 120 million years ago.Robin Hill Country Park The park is in the beautiful countryside,
21、 and is suitable for childrens parties and games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the rare red squirrels.The West of the Wight Here we have the Marine Aquarium, the Archaeology Exhibition and the Model Railway. They offer another opportunity to com
22、bine fun with learning. This is a great place to see ancient boats crossing the narrow strait between the island and the mainland.The Wight Bus Museum This museum is run completely by unpaid volunteers. It has a bus collection stored in what was once a warehouse (仓库）.Most of the buses in the museum
23、date back to around the 1910s. With all of these choices, what are you waiting for? IOW Tourism welcomes you!1.If you are fond of prehistory animals, where will you go?A.Dinosaur Isle.B.Robin Hill Country Park.C.The West of the Wight.D.The Wight Bus Museum.2.In Robin Hill Country Park, children can
24、NOT .A.have partiesB. take picturesC. play gamesD. buy gifts3.It can be learned from the passage that .A.there are five new gardens on Dinosaur IsleB.on Dinosaur Isle we can learn about all kinds of animalsC.those running the Wight Bus Museum work for freeD.visitors can drive buses in the Wight Bus
25、Museum4.The purpose of this passage is to .A.attract readers to come to the IOWB.tell readers what is worth visitingC.show the development of tourism on the IOWD.advise readers how to relax on holidaysDI travel a lot, and I find out different “styles” (风格)of directions every time I ask “How can I ge
26、t to the post office?”Foreign tourists are often confused(困惑的)in Japan because most streets there dont have names; in Japan, people use landmarks(地标)in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hot
27、el and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop. ”In the countryside of the American Midwest, there are not usually many landmarks. There are no mountains, so the land is very flat; in many places there are no towns or buildings within miles. Instead of landmarks, people w
28、ill tell you directions and distances. In Kansas or Iowa, for example, people will say, Go north two miles. Turn east, and then go another mile.People in Los Angeles, California, have no idea of distance on the map; they measure distance in time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask
29、. “Oh,” they answer, “Its about five minutes from here. You say, “Yes, but how many miles away is it?” They dont know.Its true that a person doesnt know the answer to your question sometimes. What happens in such a situation? A New Yorker might say, Sorry, I have no idea. But in Yucatan, Mexico, no
30、one answers “I dont know. People in Yucatan believe that “I dont know is impolite. They usually give an answer, often a wrong one. A tourist can get very, very lost in Yucatan!1.When a tourist asks the Japanese the way to a certain place, they usually .A.describe the place carefullyB.show him a map
31、of the placeC.tell him the names of the streetsD.refer to recognizable buildings and places2.Which is the place where people measure distance in time?A.New York.B.Los Angeles.C.Kansas.D.Iowa.3.People in Yucatan may give a tourist a wrong answer_.A.in order to save timeB.as a testC.so as to be polite
32、D.for fun4.what can we infer from the text?A.Its important for travelers to understand cultural differences.B.Its useful for travelers to know how to ask the way properly.C.People have similar understandings of politeness.D.New Yorkers are generally friendly to visitors. What is friendship? The answ
33、ers may be different. _. We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air or water. Friendship gives us a feeling of safety and warmth, and friendship encourages us to go ahead all the time._. When we feel happy, we can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends
34、 will comfort us. If we are overconfident, our friends can persuade us, and they can make us confident and brave when we are discouraged. Friendship is valuable. It can touch your heart and give you hope. Many people are proud of having a good friend._. If you help your friends for no reason hut sim
35、ply because they are your friends, this means that you regard(认为) your friends as yourself. This is true friendship. In fact, friendship isnt always easily kept. _,you should treat him or her in the way you want to be treated. Keep the secrets that your friend tells you. Keep your promise with your
36、friend. Share things with your friend. We should try our best to protect the friendship from being hurt. Because of friendship, our lives are full of happiness. Therefore, the more friends we have, the more pleasures(乐事) we can share with them. Lets say “Thank you” to our friends for their love and
37、care. _, never forget to keep the beautiful friendship!A.When you want to keep a friendB.If your friendship still cannot last longC.No matter where we go or who we becomeD.Everyone needs friends and is eager to get friendshipE.True friendship must be sincere and must not have conditionsF.But one thi
38、ng is clear that friendship is one of the most important things in our life G.Sometimes people have good friends when they are young arid studying in schoolThe following is an e-mail conversation between one of my students in Shanghai and me. I needed a little 1 as I twisted (扭)my foot bone out of p
39、lace. She sent me directions to a reputable (名声好的) 2along with a map to get there and directions for a taxi driver.Then she wrote, “ I hope that my 3 could make some help. I know sometimes it is really 4 to live in a foreign country. When my parents and I 5 to California, there were so many patient
40、and 6 strangers in America helping us. We are 7 ofthat. Moreover, I sincerely hope that you professor will soon be 8 . All of us love you! Have a 9 day!I replied, “ I am so 10 to hear that the people you met in California were friendly. I have had the 11 experience in Shanghai. Once I thought to mys
41、elf, 12 people are so nice? Then I remembered all of the times I had helped others from other countries and I knew that most people felt like doing what I did, they just wanted to help 13 .The best time was once when I saw some exchange students standing outside of a store 14 aride. I talked to them
42、 for a minute to 15 they were OK. It was the middle of summer and very 16 , like what Shanghai was this summer. I went into the 17 and purchased them each a small ice cream, then took them out to 18 Imagine my surprise when a French student took my hand 19 and gave me a kiss. WOW! Those 20 guys real
43、ly know how to say thank you.1.A.moneyB.waterC.timeD.help2.A.hospitalB.schoolC.stationD.factory3.A.materialB.informationC.feeD.letter4.A.easyB.luckyC.hardD.necessary5.A.traveledB.visitedC.adaptedD.applied6.A.lonelyB.specialC.generousD.friendly7.A.proudB.excitedC.hopefulD.grateful8.A.returnedB.recove
44、redC.repairedD.covered9.A.niceB.longC.badD.meaning10.A.disappointedB.amazedC.happyD.worried11.A.differentB.terribleC.difficultD.same12.A.What aboutB.What elseC.How comeD.What if13.A.othersB.anotherC.the otherD.each other14.A.waiting forB.sharing withC.going forD.pulling into15.A.make outB.make sureC
45、.work outD.find out16.A.dryB.warmC.coldD.hot17.A.classroomB.storeC.carD.office18.A.usB.youC.themD.me19.A.gentlyB.wildlyC.peacefullyD.gradually20.A.AmericanB.ChineseC.FrenchD.English阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) i
46、s seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap can be to eat out. I still remember (visit) a friend whod lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularl
47、y eating out seems to (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a d
48、irect link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mums home dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the
49、 effects not only on your health hut in your pocket.当今社会,人类进人了人工智能 (Artificial Intelligence, AI)的新时代。生活中人工智能或许能代替人类完成多方面的事情。下图是一幅对未来街景的假想图。请根据要求写一篇短文,内容包括:未来街景陪伴;遛狗人工智能优点:不知疲倦;分担负担缺点:导致失业;过度依赖注意:词数80左右_阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。Jack, a clerk at the local bank, was wandering alone on the street.
50、It was a cold, silent winter night. His mind was on his wife Linda, who had been in a car accident two months ago and was now lying in a hospital bed, waiting for more money for her operation. Jack had sold everything he had, and he had tried his best to borrow money from all the people and banks he
51、 could. But the real world is cruel.A large amount of money was still needed. To Jack, it would mean a great deal of suffering to see his wife die without any help. l have only one option left, Jack said to himself. Then he went to the bank, his workplace, again.For several days, he observed the ban
52、k and planned a theft. Then the next day, he went to work as usual. Everything seemed normal: he joked with his workmates and helped his clients as he always did. But no one noticed that he had brought a bigger suitcase to work, instead of the small one he always carried. At 5: 00 pm, the bank close
53、d, and the clerks and the guards had all gone home. However, at that moment, Jack was in the bathroom, and the guards didnt notice him, of course.When the noises coming from the street were replaced by silence and everything turned dark, Jack came out from the bathroom. He first cut the lines of the
54、 alarms and monitors with tools from his new suitcase. He was all too familiar with the equipment since he had been working there for 8 years and had been studying the security system for the past 30 days. Using a special key and some other tools, he then easily opened the doors of the safes. The ba
55、nks security system wasnt very good, which allowed Jack to take a lot of money. Several minutes later. Jack left the bank with a heavy bag filled with money.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好； 4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。Paragraph 1: After Jack had been away from the b
56、ank for a while, the alarms began to ring. _ Paragraph 2: But the most unlucky man was the manager of the bank, an old man. _ 答案以及解析A答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.A解析：1.考查细节理解。由第二段中的clock-based work schedules get in the way of creativity 可知,基于时间的工作会对创造力产生负面影响,故选D。2.考查细节理解。由第四段中的They found clock-timers to be more e
57、fficient(有效率的) but less happy because they felt little control over their lives可知,基于时间的工作安排会使人们变得更髙效,但不快乐。故选C。3.考查细节理解。由最后一段中的“task-based liming should be used when we are performing a job that requires more creativity可知,作者建议在做需要更多创造性的工作时,应该使用基于任务的工作安排,故选A。 B答案：AADB解析：1.A提示：间义猜测题。联系后句里的log on可知是需要密码
58、 才能登录。2.A提示:推理判断题。从第五段Steve 可以在网上登录老板 的家可知老板很信任他.3.D提示:细节理解题。手机、摄影机和电脑是智能住宅的配套装置，它们起着遥控和监控的作用。4.B提示:细节理解题。从文章最后一段“What a smart home cant do is to get you a snack and you have to leave the couch for that.”可知答案为B。C答案：ADCA解析：1.A提示：细节理解题。根据“Here you can see a large fossil collection of all kinds of dino
59、saurs，”可知，A项正确。2.D提示：细节理解题. 根据 “The park is in the beautiful countryside, and is suitable for childrens parties and games. It has five new gardens, and offers great opportunities to see and take pictures of the rare red squirrels. ”可知，公园位于 丽的乡村，适合儿童的聚会和游戏。它有5个新花园，提供了观赏和扣摄珍稀红松鼠的绝佳机会。可知孩子们在这不能买到礼物，故选D
60、。3.C提示：细节理解题。根据“This museum is run completely by unpaid volunteers. ”可知，经营的人不拿工资，故选C项。4.A提示：推理判断题。根据“IOW Tourism welcomes you!” 可知，本文的目的是吸引读者去那里，故选A项。D答案：1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.A解析：1.根据第二段可知,日本人在给别人指路时通常使用地标建筑,而不是街道的名称。2.根据第四段第一句可知。3.Yucatan,人们认为别人问路时说不知道是不礼貌的,因此,为了礼貌,他有可能说一个错误方向。4.第一段点明不同地方的人对问路的回答风格是不一样
61、的,并举出了许多例子,因此对游客来讲了解文化的差异是很重要的。答案：1. F2. D3. E4. A5. G解析： 本文是一篇说明文,论述了友谊的内涵。每个人都需要友谊,友谊是我们日常生活中最重要的事情之一。1. F 承接上文What is friendship? The answers may be different,并结合下文中的We cannot live without friendship just as we cannot live without air or water可知,友谊在我们日常生活中是重要的,故选F。2.D 根据下文中的When we feel happy, we
62、 can share our happiness with friends. When we feel down, friends will comfort us”可知,此处应讲友谊的t要性,故D项每个人都需要朋友, 并且渴望得到友谊符合语境。3.E 根据下文中的If you help your friends for no reason but simply because they are your friends, this means that you regard(认为) your friends as yourself可知,真正的友谊应该是真诚的,无任何条件的,故选E。4.A 承接
63、上文中的In fact, friendship isnt always easily kept可知,接下来要讲的是留住朋友的方法,故选A。5. C 结合never forget to keep the beautiful friendship可推知,C选项无论我们去哪里或者成为谁与之相匹配,故选C。答案：1.D; 2.A; 3.B; 4.C; 5.A; 6.D; 7.D; 8.B; 9.A; 10.C; 11.D; 12.C; 13.A; 14.A; 15.B; 16.D; 17.B; 18.C; 19.A; 20.C解析：1.根据空后的as I twisted(扭)my foot bone
64、out of place可知,我需要帮助。故选D。2.根据上一句I twisted (扭)my foot bone out of place可知,我需要去医院。3.文章第一段中的“ She sent me directions. and directions for a taxi driver”可知,空处应该是指邮件中提供的“信息(information)。4.根据学生下文举例及常识可知,居住在国外有时的确是很难的事情。5.根据第一段中的one of my students in Shanghai”可知,文章中的她是中国学生,结合选项可知,她和父母应该是去加利福尼亚旅游。故选A。6.根据第三段
65、中的I am so 10 to hear that the people you met in California were friendly” 可知,一些陌生人很友好。generous慷慨的,大方的,文章中没有体现。7.根据上一句there were so many patient and 6 strangers in America helping us可知,这位学生和父母得到别人的帮助应是很感激。8.根据语境可知,这里表示学生真心地希望教授尽快康复。recover“恢复健康,康复”,符合语境。9.根据上一句All of us love you”可知,这里是祝福教授。Have a nic
66、e day意思是过得愉快。10.根据空后的to hear that the people you met in California were friendly 可知,作者很高兴听到学生在加利福尼亚遇到的人很友好。11.根据下文中的“ Once I thought to myself. they just wanted to help 13 ”可知,教授在上海和学生在加利福尼亚有同样的经历。即在上海他得到别人的帮助。12.曾经“我在想,人们怎么会这么好呢?下文提到了教授帮助别人,他们也想帮助别人。How come“怎么会呢,符合语境。13.根据句中的I had helped others”和I
67、 knew that most people felt like doing what I did” 可知他们像我一样也想帮助“别人”。14.根据句中的some exchange students standing outside of a store”和a ride可知,交流生们在商店外站着等车。15.根据句中的“I talked to them for a minute和they were OK”可知,我”和他们交流以确保他们是可以的,是没事的。make sure确保”,符合语境。16.根据句中的the middle of summer”可知天气很热。故选D。17.根据上文中的standi
68、ng outside of a store和下文中的purchased them each a small ice cream” 可知,“我”进商店买东西。18.此处用them指上文提到的交流生们。19.交流生们得到教授的帮助应该是很感激。再从下文中的gave me a kiss可知,这个法国学生温柔地握着教授的手。20.根据上文的when a French student took my hand19 and gave me a kiss”可知,这里指法国人,故选C。答案：dishes；who/that；it；visiting；was shocked；have become；affordab
69、le；higher；weight；for解析：dishes考查名词复数。 dish是可数名词,其前无限定词，故用其复数形式dishes。who/that考查定语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是 Many westerners ,故填关系代词who/that。it考查代词。此处应用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是 to eat out 。visiting考查非谓语动词。remember doing sth.表示记得做过某事，故填 visiting。was shocked考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表我感到很震惊， shock 与主语 I 为被动关系，词时根据后面
70、的 learnt 可知，时态为一般过去时,所以填 was shocked 。have become考查非谓语动词。根据语境和时间状语 in recent years 可知,此处需要用不定式的完成式，故填 have become 。affordable考查形容词。根据语境可知，一周在外就餐一到两次可能是可以负担得起的，故填形容词 affordable 。higher考查形容词的比较级。根据 even 并结合语境可知，此处表示更高的代价，故需要用 high 的比较级 higher 。weight考查名词。根据语境可知，此处表示体重问题故空处需要填名词 weight 。for考查介词。根据语境可知，
71、此处应用介词 for 表示目的。答案：As is shown in the cartoon, AI robots have been applied to every aspect of human life. They can do many daily tasks such as constantly attending to the elderly, walking a dog in surrounding places, carrying heavy cases and playing sports with children.There is no doubt that advanc
72、ed technology has brought much convenience to us. In some special work environment, AI can help human to get the job done. It can even complete more work than humans as it is tireless, which can speed up the process of the production. Simultaneously, its likely to lead to certain unemployment and he
73、avy dependency. But it is not said that AI will take the place of or even destroy human.答案： Paragraph 1:After Jack had been away from the bank for a while, the alarms began to ring. The police arrived at the bank very quickly, only to find no one there. The next day was a really special day for the
74、town, which was filled with newspapers and TV reports covering the strange theft. The clerks at the bank were busy discussing the case, of course% including Jack. The police could only promise to catch the thieves as soon as possible, even though no clues had been found yet.Paragraph 2:But the most
75、unlucky man was the manager of the bank, an old man. He seemed to be the only person to blame and was removed from his position. At last, with enough money for her operation. Jacks wife was saved. However, Jack felt guilty about the manager of the bank. He could not forget what he had done to the old man. His guilt deepened as time went by. Finally, he turned himself into the police and accepted his punishment.