1、课时提能练(二十)必修4Module 2Traffic JamA：知识层面. 语境语法填空()用所给词的适当形式填空Life is 1.limited (limit), so after retiring, my husband and I decided to sell our house and travel around the country. We ignored our childrens 2.reaction (react) to the decision and started our journey without their 3.permission (permit). W
2、e bought two latest iPhones for 4.convenience (convenient). All along the way, we had much fun enjoying the 5.impressive (impress) scenery and appreciating the cultural relics.()填入一个单词I turned 1.on_the lights and looked around the new flat, the decoration of which was still 2.in progress. There were
3、 two bedrooms, each of which was limited 3.to a maximum of two people. At one corner stood a table, on which was a computer connected 4.to the Internet. I was just wondering how my children would react 5.to the new flat. Perhaps they would be 6.in a good mood living in a better environment.根据提示补全句子1
4、无论你什么时候方便，请过来把你需要的书取走。(convenient)Whenever_it_is_convenient_for_you,_come and get back the book you need.2这本书非常好，值得再读一遍。(be worth doing)The book is very good and is_worth_reading_a_second_time.3天气允许的话，我们会去那里享受安静轻松的环境。(permit)Weather_permitting,_we will go there to enjoy the quiet and relaxing enviro
5、nment.4在踢足球时他摔断了一条腿。(have sth.done)He had_one_of_his_legs_broken while playing football.5我相信这些捐赠的书不但使你更熟悉中国而且有助于你提高汉语水平。(not only . but also .)I believe these donated books will not_only_make_you_more_familiar_with_ China_but_also help improve your Chinese.B：能力层面.阅读理解The bus stops in the Dutch city
6、of Utrecht are as beautiful as they are practical.Now,316 bus stops feature a green roof that adds some life to the city，while also storing rainwater，catching dust，and providing some much needed shade during the hot months.This project is good for the honeybee population that is attracted to the pla
7、nts on the roof.To keep up this successful ecosystem，municipal workers drive around in electric cars，taking care of the mini gardens.Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality.Smoking，cars，and bacteria all contribute to polluting the air we breat
8、he.These ecofriendly public spaces act as an air purifier (净化器) for urban people，though humans arent the only group that benefits from them.Utrecht has also made great efforts towards moving their transportation system away from gasguzzling (耗油的) buses.The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with
9、 electric buses and plans to have only CO2inactive buses on the roads by 2028.The buses have a system that records the drivers efficiency and comfort levels.Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comfortable the ride is.The city is also one of the most bicyclefriendly places in the world.Roads
10、 have been redesigned for cyclists convenience and there is a new stateoftheart bicycle parking area that is located beneath Utrechts central train station.Utrecht offers incentives(奖励)to keep citizens energized and motivated to live greener lives.Therere even incentives for people to transform thei
11、r roofs into green roofs too.Achieving the goals of an ecofriendly city takes cooperation and Utrecht is leading the way to protect our environment.【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了荷兰乌得勒支市对公共交通系统的改造情况。该市通过改造公交车站、使用电动公交车等手段，以进一步减少公交系统对环境带来的负面影响。1What is special about the bus stops in Utrecht?AThey are ecofriendly.BThey
12、can save a lot of energy.CThey are artificially intelligent.DThey can provide power for buses.A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Another one of the biggest benefits to come out of these green stops is the improved air quality”可知，该市的车站的特别之处在于其非常环保，故选A。2What can we infer about the changes to the transportation system in
13、 Utrecht?ANot all buses are gasguzzling at present.BGasguzzling cars have been completely replaced.COnly electric private cars are allowed on the roads.DBuses have air purifiers fixed on them.A推理判断题。根据第三段第二句中的“The city has replaced 10 gasguzzling buses with electric buses”可知，该市已经将10辆耗油的公交车换成了电动公交车。由
14、此可以推测出，当前并不是所有的公交车都是耗油的车，故选A。3What might passengers comment on the bus service in Utrecht?ABuses are always too crowded.BBuses are often behind schedule.CBuses are too big for redesigned roads.DBuses are generally comfortable and safe.D推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Drivers can win prizes based on how safe and comf
15、ortable the ride is”可知，司机可以根据所提供的乘车服务的安全和舒适程度来赢得奖品。由此可以推测出，乘客可能会对公交服务表示感到安全与舒适，故选D。4What are people living in Utrecht encouraged to do?AGive up smoking.BCreate gardens on their roofs.CPaint their roofs green.DConsume more honey.B细节理解题。根据第五段第二句“Therere even incentives for people to transform their ro
16、ofs into green roofs too”可知，该市还有为将屋顶改造成绿色屋顶的人们提供的奖励。由此可知，B项符合文意。.阅读七选五People have always wanted to know what the future will look like.Then，how can we? 1 The world has changed a lot in the last 150 years，but we humans are driven by the same basic needs as we were 150 years ago，such as food，sleep，the
17、 feeling of being appreciated and loved. 2 No.In addition，generally speaking，the inventions for the last 150 years have been a human effort for freedom and communication，to be able to get in control of the time and world.Since there is still much to do in this area，this will be the focus at least fo
18、r the next 150 years.But why do we need to predict the future? Predicting the future is important for two reasons: First，we need to start to think about what kind of future we would like for ourselves and to pass on to the next generation. 3 How about the virtual worlds? It might be in the future to
19、 experience the sand between your toes，and hear the waves，just lying in your bed at home. 4 So，even if a great invention is there for an affordable price，itll never take the place of the common experience if it is not real. 5 What well see in the next 50 years is the transition(过渡)from an oildepende
20、nt society to a new society.Here therell be new medicine，continued exploration of space，challenges in the climate change，and new inventions that make life a little easier.AWill this change in the next 150 years?BSo what will the future look like then?CPredicting the future can help us in many ways.D
21、Well，to understand the future，you must know the past.EHowever，youll never get the feeling of being there.FHowever，no matter how real the experience will feel，it doesnt happen for real.GThen we need to know what decisions we need to make today that will give the best result in the future.【语篇解读】人们总想知道
22、未来会是什么样子的，其实要想展望未来，必须了解过去。不管世界如何变化，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉等不会改变，未来的虚拟世界也不会代替真实的世界。但是可以预知，未来五十年里，世界将从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会，人们的生活会更好。1D根据空处下文可知，在过去的150年里，世界发生了巨大的变化；结合空前一句可推知，空处承上启下，说明我们想要展望未来，就要了解过去，故D项符合语境。2A根据空前一句可知，在过去的150年里，人们的基本需求如食物、睡眠、被欣赏和爱的感觉没有变化，结合空后的“No”可知，空处应是一个疑问句，并与空前一句讲人的基本需求相呼应，故A项与此处匹配。3G根据该段
23、第二句可知，该段主要讲的是预知未来的两个原因，空前一句讲的是第一个原因，即需要思考自己想要的并传递给下一代的未来是什么样的；据此可知，空处陈述第二个原因，即需要知道做出怎样的决定才能给未来带来最好的结果，故G项正确。其中G项中的“Then we need to”与空前一句中的“First，we need to”相呼应。4F根据空后一句可知，即使一项重大发明的价格我们可以承受，但是虚拟体验绝不会代替真实体验，结合空处上文可推知，F项符合语境，衔接上下文。5B根据空处下文可知，该段介绍了对未来五十年的展望：从依靠石油的社会过渡到新的社会；未来的生活更好。故B项与此处匹配。.语法填空If youve
24、 ever ridden public transport，youve probably heard snores (打鼾声) and found someone sleeping in the seat across from you.The natural vibration (震动)of buses and subways 1._ (make) us feel sleepy，according to a new study in ScienceAlert.Why? Its all about sensory input information going to your brain.On
25、 a bus，your senses give you 2._(continue) and repeating information.For example，the air conditioner and the engine create constant noise.Meanwhile，youre sitting still and your 3._(surrounding) dont change.The vibrations of the engine are also ongoing.Your brain has almost no new information to proce
26、ss.Repeating information will be 4._ (ignore) eventually and your brain will enter a lowenergy state.The fact that you fall asleep quickly with your eyes 5._(close) on a bus is because your brain gets used to all the repeating information. “When youre tired，it doesnt take much time 6._(start) noddin
27、g off.And weve found that the gentle vibrations made by car seats 7._ you drive can relax your brain and body，”said Stephen Robinson，8._ researcher from the RMIT University in Melbourne，Australia.Robinsons team monitored 15 volunteers heart rate variability a wellknown indicator of sleepiness.This r
28、esearch can assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limiting 9._(expose) to vibrations in the car industry.Robinson believed that the research could be helpful 10._ improving road safety.“We hope that future car seat designs can build in features to disturb this relaxing e
29、ffect and fight vibrationinduced(震动引起的) sleepiness，”he said.【语篇解读】我们乘坐公共交通工具时，经常会看到有人打瞌睡。一项新的研究发现造成此现象的原因是交通工具的正常震动。1makes考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，空处为句子的谓语，此处陈述的为客观情况，应用一般现在时；又句子主语表示单数概念，故用其一般现在时的单数形式makes。2continuous/continuing/continued/continual考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词，修饰名词information，所以填continuous或co
30、ntinuing或continued或continual。3surroundings考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处被形容词性物主代词your修饰，应用名词形式，所以填surroundings“环境”。4ignored考查动词的语态。分析句子结构可知，此处与句子主语Repeating information构成被动关系，故应用被动结构，即bedone；另句中已有be，所以填ignored。5closed考查非谓语动词。with复合结构为“with名词/代词分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/名词”在句子中作状语。your eyes和动词close构成逻辑上的动宾关系，所以填closed。6to st
31、art考查非谓语动词。此处考查固定句型“it takes some time to do sth.”，其中it作形式主语，不定式短语为真正的主语。7when/as/while考查状语从句。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个状语从句，意为“当的时候”，所以填when或as或while。8a考查冠词。researcher是可数名词，又是第一次在语境中出现，表泛指，故用不定冠词修饰，又researcher的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。9exposure考查名词。分析句子结构可知，空处应为名词，作动词limit的宾语，所以填exposure。10in考查介词。be helpful in doing sth.“有助于做某事”是固定用法，所以填介词in。
