1、2011高考英语一轮教学案大纲版Unit 20理解:要点诠释单词1.intend讲: v. 意欲；打算；原本是要；原意要例：He intends to study abroad next year.他打算明年到国外留学。He intends his son to manage the company.他打算让儿子经营公司。This book was intended for you,but he took it away.这本书是要给你的，但让他拿走了。This was intended to be a picture of a cat.这幅画原本是要画猫的。链接提示 (1)intend to
2、 do打算/意欲干某事 (2)intend sb. to do打算让某人干某事 (3)intend that.(should)建议/主张 (4)(be)intended for/as sth./to be/to do为计划(打算或设计)的练：(1)The international agreement, _ encourage children not to smoke and help people kick the habit,was signed on February 27.A.intending to B.being intended toC.intended to D.to int
3、end to提示:be intended to do为打算或设计的。答案:C(2)My father _ my brother for driving but he wanted to pick _ the knowledge of the computer during his spare time.A.advised;up B.persuaded;outC.intended;up D.managed;out提示:短语intend sb.for sth.意为“打算让某人做某事”。答案:C2.suffer讲: v. 受苦；患病；遭受；忍受例：His health suffered terrib
4、ly from heavy drinking.他的健康因豪饮而严重受损。The village is suffering from depopulation.那个村庄正为人口减少而苦恼。He is suffering from a bad cold.链接提示 (1)suffer from因而遭罪;患病 (2)suffering n. 痛苦；苦难练：(1)On the way to the west they were accustomed to _ their animals _ from heat,thirst,and starvation.A.seeing;to suffer B.see;
5、to sufferC.seeing;suffering D.saw;suffered提示:accustomed to sth./doing sth.的意思是“习惯于”，因而第一空用动名词，排除B、D两项；依据see sb./sth. do/doing结构排除A 项。答案:C(2)(2010河南郑州预测) _ such a heavy loss,the businessman didnt have the courage to go on.A.Having suffered B.SufferingC.To suffer D.Suffered提示:句意为:由于遭受巨大损失，这个商人没有勇气再干下去
6、了。“遭受损失”在前，因而用现在分词的完成式作状语。答案:A3.operate讲: v. 运转；操作；起作用；经营；管理；动手术例：This sewing machine doesnt operate properly.这台缝纫机无法正常运作。The company operates ten factories.那家公司经营10个工厂。The surgeon decided to operate on her.医生决定给她动手术。链接提示 (1)operate在表示“操作；管理；经营”时，为及物动词，同义词有run,manage等；表示“动手术”时为不及物动词，跟宾语时需使用介词on，被动语态
7、中介词on不可省略。 (2)operation手术;操作 (3)operator 操作员;接线员练：The doctor said that the patient had _ at once.A.to operate B.to be operatedC.operated D.to be operated on提示:operate作“动手术”讲时，是不及物动词，表示“给某人动手术”用短语operate on sb.，在被动语态中，介词on应该保留。答案:D短语1.make fun of讲:该短语的义项有“嘲弄；取笑；拿开玩笑”。例：Please dont make fun of me when
8、 I am not feeling well.我心情不好时请不要跟我开玩笑。The actors make us laugh by making fun of somebodys way of dressing or telling an amusing story.表演者通过取笑别人的穿着方式或讲述有趣的故事来引我们发笑。链接拓展 make构成的短语 (1)make a/ones living 谋生 (2)make a success/go of 使成功 (3)make the bed 铺床 (4)make believe 假装 (5)make ends meet 使收支相抵；应付开支；维持
9、生活 (6)make up ones mind决心；决定；肯定 (7)make sure(of sth./that.)确保；设法保证；查明；核实 (8)make up编写；捏造；构成；占；化妆；上装；补上（功课）；赶上 (9)make use of使用；利用 (10)make money赚钱；获利 (11)make ones way to/out of 向走去；/从走出来 (12)make a/no/some,etc.difference(to/in.)有(或没有、有些等)作用，关系，影响练：(1)I feel silly in these clothes.Everyone will _ me
10、.A.worry about B.make fun ofC.get rid of D.take interest in提示:make fun of意为“嘲弄，取笑”，句意为：我穿着这些衣服滑稽可笑，我担心别人会笑话我。答案:B(2)I want to know whether we shall go rafting today or tomorrow.Does that make any _?A.change B.importanceC.difference D.value提示:make some difference意为“有区别”，句意为“我想知道我们是今天去漂流还是明天去。这有什么区别吗？
11、”答案:C2.look on/upon.as讲:该短语的义项有“把看作”。例：I decided to look on the whole matter as a great joke!我决定把整个事件看成一个大笑话。I look on her as a promising pianist.我认为她是一个很有前途的钢琴家。Do you look on him as an authority on the subject?你认为他是这问题的权威吗？链接拓展 (1)look on旁观 (2)look forward to希望；盼望（to为介词） They were looking forward
12、to the summer vacation. 他们正盼望着暑假来临。 (3)look into往里看；调查 The committee is looking into the cause of the accident. 委员会正在调查这次事故的原因。 (4)look over瞭望；越过看；检查 A strange man was looking over the wall. 一个陌生人正在向围墙里面瞭望。 (5)look through浏览；审查 I looked through several magazines in the beauty shop. 我在美容院翻阅了几本杂志。练：We
13、 look on John _ a good monitor,so wed like to vote _ him.A.for;for B.as;for C.for;against D.as;against提示:依据短语look on.as排除A、C两项；vote for sb./sth.的意思是“投票赞成”，vote against的意思是“投票反对”。从上文意思看，应该使用vote for。故选B。答案:B3.date back to讲:该短语的义项有“可追溯到；是时代开始的”。例：This town dates back to Tang Dynasty.这个小镇的历史可以追溯到唐朝。The
14、 hostility between the two nationalities dates back to ancient times.这两个民族之间的敌对状态始于古代。链接拓展 (1)date from=date back to始于 date back to和date from不可用于被动语态。 (2)bring.up to date 使赶上时代；使成为最新之物；给与（某人有关的）最新消息资料（on,about） All the equipment has to be brought up to date. 所有装备必须予以更新。 (3)out of date过时的；旧式的 This en
15、cyclopedia has gone out of date. 这部百科全书已过时了。 (4)up to date迄今；直到现在；最新的；现代的 Our computer is up to date. 我们的电脑是最新式的。 (5)without date没有日期的；美无期限的练：This old temple _ the 12th century.Now it is well protected.A.is dated back to B.is dated fromC.is dated by D.dates back to提示:date back to和date from无被动形式，故选D。
16、答案:D句型no matter+疑问词引导状语从句讲：注意观察下面教材原句:Good communication is so important no matter what your job is.无论你的工作是什么，好的交往是非常重要的。The temperature is controlled with computers,no matter how the weather is outside.不管室外天气如何变化，室内温度由计算机控制。例：No matter what their age,their job,their sex,the results were completely
17、clear:women have more friendships than men.无论年龄，职业，性别，结果非常明确:女人比男人有更多的友谊。Besides,no matter how well a poem is translated,something of the spirit of the original work is lost.另外，无论一首诗翻译地多么好，原文的精髓部分已经丢失了。链接提示 no matter+疑问词引导状语从句时，可以用疑问词+ever结构代替。但要注意疑问词ever还可以引导名词性从句。练：_ difficult it may be,we are sur
18、e to stick to our principle.A.How B.No matter howC.What D.No matter what提示:本题考查引导让步状语从句的引导词，how和what不可引导让步状语，排除A、C两项；由于引导词修饰形容词difficult，故选B。答案:B辨析1.fast,quick,rapid(1)fast多指运动或动作的人或物体本身具有快速的特点。如a fast train。(2)quick一般指迅速的、一瞬间的或短暂的动作，并不强调速度，如a quick look(reply,meal)。(3)催促人走路或做事要快，用quick,不用fast。如Be q
19、uick!(4)指钟表的快要用fast,不用quick。(5)指人的动作“快”要用fast。(6)rapid侧重动作本身，有急促的含义，它所指的动作可能是一个或一连串的。rapid还可用来指水流急速或进步迅速。即时练习:(1)It may be a very _ car,but it uses a lot of petrol.(2)Tom made a _ answer to the question.(3)Youre very_ ,arent you?(4)The clock is five minutes _.(5)The improvement in his English is _.答
20、案:(1)fast (2)quick (3)fast (4)fast (5)rapid2.create,invent,discover,find,find out(1)create主要意思是“创造”，即产生出新的东西，其对象往往是精神上的，如艺术、文学作品中的人物以及新的科学领域等，也可创造出新的具体事物。名词:creation创造；creator创造者。(2)invent主要意思是“发明”，也是产生出前所未有的东西，但其对象往往是物质性的。名词:invention发明；inventor发明者。(3)discover主要意思是“发现”，其对象是一直存在的，但以往未被人们了解的东西，如元素、地域
21、或客观规律等。名词:discovery发现；discoverer发现者。(4)find主要指发现、找到丢失的东西或人。(5)find out查明真相；弄清，同义词为make sure。即时练习:(1)The idea that God _ the world is wrong.(2)Thomas Edison _the first small electric lamp.(3)They never _ how to open the box.(4)I was surprised when I _ you in the bus.(5)Did you _ the book you lost?(6)
22、Please _ who broke into the house last night.答案:(1)created (2)invented (3)discovered (4)found (5)find (6)find out诱思:实例点拨【例1】 (2010浙江模拟) The old tower must be saved, _ the cost.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.wherever提示:考查连词及省略句，补全句子应为 “the cost is”，从结构看选项作表语，而however多用来加强程度，后接形容词或副词。故选B。答案:B【例2】 (2010江西模拟) Cars do cause us some healthy problemsin fact far more serious _ than mobile phones do.A.one B.ones C.it D.those提示:替代上文出现的同类事物中的一个用one，复数用ones；而it与that都表示特指，所以不要误选that的复数those。故选B。答案:B讲评:解考查指示代词it，one和that的题时，要牢记one为泛指同类，而it和that表示特指。