1、课时作业 13.阅读理解AOttawa is the capital of Canada. It is the second largest city in Ontario and the fourth largest city in the country.The Centre Block is the main building on Parliament Hill (国会山). It is also the location of several ceremonial spaces, such as the Hall of Honor and the Memorial Chamber.
2、The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was destroyed by fire in 1916, and it is one of the most recognizable buildings in Canada.Downtown Ottawa is the commercial and economic centre of the city. Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawa
3、s high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core. The downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges.The National Gallery of Canada is one of Canadas premier art galleries. The Gallery
4、 has a large and varied collection of paintings, drawings, sculpture and photographs. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.The Rideau Canal is the oldest continuously operated canal system in North America. At the very beginning, the
5、purpose of the Rideau Canal was military, as it was intended to provide a secure supply and communication route between Montreal and the British naval base in Kingston. It remains in use today primarily for pleasure boating, with most of its original structures undamaged. The locks on the system ope
6、n for navigation in midMay and close in midOctober.【语篇解读】文章描写了加拿大渥太华著名的几处地方，并分别对这几处地方进行详细的说明。1The underlined word “iteration” in the 2nd paragraph probably means “_”Arepair BdesignCcopy Dlandmark答案与解析：C词义猜测题。从第二段“The present Centre Block is the second iteration of the building, after the first was d
7、estroyed by fire in 1916.”可知，现如今的中央街区是重新翻修的，以前的那一座在1916的大火中被毁坏了。所以iteration的意思相当于copy“复制品”，故选C。2In the core of Downtown Ottawa, we could see _.Aa large number of tall towersBhead offices of Ottawas high tech industryCa number of apartments and hotelsDthe older single family homes and townhouses答案与解析
8、：B细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Most of the buildings are office towers. While most of Ottawas high tech industry is based elsewhere, it has a significant presence in the downtown core.”可知在渥太华的市中心都是办公大楼，而且主要是高科技行业的办公大楼。3Collections in the National Gallery of Canada are mainly _.Apaintings and drawingsBsculpture and
9、 photographsCworks by Canadian artistsDartwork by Americans and Europeans答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The Gallery has a large and varied. Although its focus is on Canadian art, it also holds works by some noted American and European artists.”可知，主要收藏的是各种各样的画以及雕像、照片。它主要是收藏加拿大人的艺术作品，同时也收藏一些著名的美国人和欧洲人的作品，故选C。4W
10、hich of the following is TRUE about the Rideau Canal?AIt is the oldest canal system in North America.BIt was originally for the military purpose.CThe original structures remain never changed.DPeople can only go boating from May to October.答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the very beginning, the purpose of the
11、 Rideau Canal was military”可知，最初的目的是用于军事。B Youll be likely to become angry if you dont get a good nights sleep, a new paper reports. Cutting a few hours of sleep out of your schedule isnt as good an idea as it may appear. Researchers at the Iowa State University report that missing sleep will make y
12、ou angrier, leaving you illequipped to deal with uneasy situations. This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger.The link between lack (短缺) of sleep and negative moods (anger included) has been proved in past research, but the problem is that we know that the two
13、 come together, but not that whether one causes the other. In the current study, Krizan and coauthor Garrett Hisler, an ISU doctoral student, deal with this question.Under the study, volunteers were divided into two groups. The control group followed their normal sleep routine, while the experimenta
14、l group cut two to four hours of sleep each night for two nights. On average, the control group got almost seven hours of sleep a night, while the experimental group got about four and a half hours each night.In order to measure anger, they had volunteers visit the lab before and after the sleep man
15、ipulation (操纵). All the while, they were asked to listen to some unpleasant brown and white noise. Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.“In general, anger was much higher for those whose sleep was restricted (限制)，” Krizan said. “We manipulated how unpleasant the noise was d
16、uring the task. As expected, volunteers reported more anger when the noise was more unpleasant. When sleep was restricted, people reported even more anger, regardless of the noise.”Sleep loss is known to increase negative moods, such as anxiety and sadness, and decrease positive moods, such as happi
17、ness and excitement. However, the team says they found that sleep loss uniquely affected anger.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大家都知道睡眠不足和坏情绪之间有联系，但是之前的研究都没有表明到底是睡眠不足引起了愤怒，还是愤怒引起了睡眠不足。最新的一项研究给出了答案。5What did the study mentioned find out?ASome disadvantages of sleeping less.BSome signs of having poorquality sleep.CThe
18、link between lack of sleep and negative moods.DThe causeeffect relationship between sleep loss and anger.答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第一段的“This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that sleep loss causes anger”以及第二段内容可知，文中提到的那个研究是发现了睡眠不足和怒气之间的因果关系。6Whats the purpose of asking the volunteers to listen t
19、o unpleasant noise?ATo make them angry.BTo make them awake.CTo take their attention away.DTo affect their thinking ability.答案与解析：A推理判断题。根据第四段的“In order to measure anger”和“Krizan says the purpose was to create uncomfortable conditions.”以及后面的实验结果可推测，这个实验中的噪音主要是想制造一个令人不舒服的环境，激起志愿者们的怒气。7From what Krizan
20、 said, we know _.Athe reasons for the studyBthe findings of the studyCthe process of the studyDthe method used in the study答案与解析：B细节理解题。从倒数第二段Krizan说的话中，我们可以知道关于这个研究的一些发现。CIf anyone who has ridden a horse for any length of time told you they have never felt any fear, they would be dishonest. You may
21、 prefer to call it “respect” instead of fear, but its always a fact that the 1,000pound or so animal you are sitting on is, physically, more powerful than you are.A bad experience, usually something that cannot be avoided no matter what the rider does, can turn healthy respect to fear. Once a rider
22、has been physically hurt, it will take him/her a while to rebuild confidence. The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine. However, suppressing (抑制) fear seldom works. Besides, suppressing fear doesnt help to tell the rider to “just get over it”Fear is us
23、ually related to the riders skill level. The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills. Having good riding skills gives the rider the confidence that he or she has the ability to ride a horse and to deal with anything the horse might do. Riders also need to develo
24、p habits that allow them to stay mentally and emotionally calm in a relaxed way when their horse becomes excited or frightened. Their partners also have to keep calm in order to bring the other back to that state.It is hard to get past your fear when you work by yourself. Finding an experienced inst
25、ructor who knows your confidence crisis (危机) is important. You need someone who understands how to back up and find the point where you are comfortably riding. Having the right horse or horses can also be important when you are learning to ride horses and trying to rebuild confidence. We are fortuna
26、te here at Meredith Manor to have 130 to 150 horses to choose from when our instructors sit down to make weekly horse assignment (分配) for each learner.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。学骑马的时候心里害怕很正常，作者在本文提供了几点建议帮助骑马者克服这种害怕。8What does the author want to show in Paragraph 1?AHorses are really powerful.BSome horse riders
27、 can be dishonest.CIts common for horse riders to fear.DHorse riders should respect their horses.答案与解析：C主旨大意题。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是在阐释：每个骑过马的人都曾感到过害怕，这是很普遍的事情。9According to the old idea, after a bad horse riding experience, we should _.Atry horse riding again at onceBtell ourselves to just get over itCtu
28、rn our fears into healthy respectDavoid riding a horse for some time答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第二段的“The old idea promised that if you just got right back on again, everything would be fine.”可知，老观点认为，一次失败的经历之后，我们可以通过立即再次尝试来克服恐惧。10What does the author think is the best way to overcome riding fears?AImproving our
29、horse riding skills.BLearning to stay calm in an accident.CFinding the point of comfortably riding.DSeeking help from an experienced partner.答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第三段的“The best way to overcome riding fears is to work on developing good riding skills.”可知，作者认为克服骑马恐惧最好的方法是提升骑马的技能。.七选五When you prepare to go mo
30、untain biking, there are a few things to keep in mind. _1_ Work out whether you plan on taking exciting trips far off the beaten path or riding on more standard trails (小道), and whether you want to complete longdistance mountain journeys or shorter ones.The next step is to make sure you have a good
31、understanding of the International Mountain Bicycling Associations Rules of the Trail. _2_ First, make sure to only ride on open trails. This means staying away from private areas, closed roads, and especially wilderness areas. Be considerate of others who are using the same paths as you, be the mou
32、ntain bikers, horseback riders, or mountain climbers.The third step is to make sure you have a bike that is suitable for the type of riding you plan to do. _3_ Dont be afraid to shop around quite a bit after all, this is something youll be spending quite some time on, and a bad fit can make for a lo
33、t of suffering down the trail.Finally, get gear (装备) together for your trip and choose some trails. Always make sure you are entirely selfsufficient (自给自足的) on the trail. _4_ It is also important to carry a good helmet (头盔), and the tools or supplies youll need to do quick repairs or changes if the
34、weather turns. _5_ABe careful of animals on the path.BMake sure to carry enough water and food.CTest ride different bikes to find the right one for you.DChoose short runs that can help you get used to the sport.EThe first step is to decide what sort of riding you plan to do.FIn a word, dont get your
35、self in trouble and cause trouble to others.GMake sure you look after your environment and get on with others along the way.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了进行山地自行车运动时需要注意的几个事项。答案与解析：1E下文中的“whether you plan on taking exciting trips. or shorter ones”涉及几种不同的山地自行车运动方式，与E项中的“what sort of riding you plan to do”在语意上相符。2
36、G下文中的“make sure to only ride on open trails”和“Be considerate of others who are using the same paths as you”介绍骑行时要注意保护自然环境，并且照顾到同路的他人的感受，这些与G项中的“look after your environment and get on with others along the way”一致。3C上文中的“have a bike that is suitable for the type of riding you plan to do”与C项内容一致，涉及合适的自行车的选择问题。4BB项中的“water and food”属于上文中的gear，即骑行途中需要的装备。5F上文介绍骑行前做好装备的准备工作，F项便是这些准备工作的目的，即不让自己陷入困境，同时也不给别人添麻烦。
