1、“阅读理解阅读七选五”组合练(四)(限时45分钟).阅读理解A(2018山西八校联考)Every November, Time magazine picks out what it calls “The 25 Best Inventions” of the year.Here, Teens has chosen some of the most interesting ones.Ember MugIts hard to always keep coffee at the right temperature, especially in winter.Its too hot to drink a
2、t first, but before we know it, it gets too cold and loses all its taste.The perfect level of warmth for a cup of coffee only lasts for 37 seconds, which makes the Ember Mug a great invention.It keeps your coffee or tea at a certain temperature, anywhere between 45 and 62， once you set it through a
3、smartphone app.Tasty One TopTV cooking shows make cooking look so easy, but its almost impossible to get the recipes to cook the same as how the professionals cook.However, the Tasty One Top DIY cooking companion is here to help.Developed by Buzzfeed, the cooker can be connected to a smartphone app,
4、 which has more than 1,700 recipes and videos.You choose a recipe and the app will let the cooker know what to do.For example, itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients.JiboSmart speakers from companies like Amazon and Xiaomi have added a lot of fun to our lives, but t
5、heyre still just faceless speakers.However, Jibo, developed by MIT professor Cynthia Breazeal, has brought smart technology to life.Said to be “the worlds first social robot for the home”， Jibo looks like a cartoon character.Inside its “head”， there are various sensors and cameras, which allow it to
6、 recognize faces and speech.It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family.语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了时代周刊选出的年度25个最佳发明中的三个。1How can Tasty One Top help people?ABy teaching people how to cook.BBy offering people different rec
7、ipes.CBy saving energy while cooking.DBy offering different kinds of cooking apps.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二个发明介绍中的“For example, itll tell you when to turn your steak or when to add certain ingredients”可知，Tasty One Top可以教人们做饭，故选A项。2What can Jibo probably be?AA cartoon character. BA faceless robot.CA family ass
8、istant. DA smart alarm.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“the worlds first social robot for the home”“It can also set alarms, remind you of important things, tell you the weather and read news or messages from your friends and family”可推断，Jibo可以充当家庭助手。故选C项。3What is the purpose of the passage?ATo advertise hightech
9、products.BTo introduce some new inventions.CTo encourage subscription to Time.DTo tell about some “tasty” products.解析：选B写作意图题。根据本文第一段和下文对三个发明的介绍可知，本文旨在介绍几个新发明。B(2018武汉市武昌区调研)When he looked at me, it was clear my father wasnt sure who I was. And as I looked back at him, I wasnt sure who he was, eithe
10、r.My father had just gone through heart surgery and 6 days in intensive care. Hed returned to the hospital where hed worked for 40 years. It was the hospital where all his children had been born. The doctors said that he may have a long period of confusion after the surgery. And because hes eightysi
11、x, it may be many months before he returns to normal. Its also possible he may never be “normal” again.I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life. It felt like the full circle of life had come around us. It felt good to support him, yet part
12、of me wanted to tell him to be “normal” again. I wasnt sure if I was ready to accept the full meaning of it: that my father may never be that powerful and capable person again.Pain and suffering have visited my family, as they will visit all families. And while we hesitate to face pain and suffering
13、, they have great lessons to teach us. Pain and suffering are well outside of the boundaries of our everyday life. When they come, they break these boundaries and turn our world upside down. We become a family with all of the others who have known the pain and suffering. And we have another chance t
14、o consider whats truly important in our lives. This crisis will pass, and well all be changed by it. The healing hands of time will do their work. Im thankful that Ive told my father everything Ive wanted to say to him. And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time. Well al
15、l be challenged by this to show more support, care, and love.This is as it should be. Sometimes, it takes a crisis to remind us of why were all here.语篇解读：本文是一篇家庭生活类记叙文。在作者眼里，父亲一向都是强壮能干的，但是现在父亲年事已高，住院动了心脏手术后已经不认识作者了。作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让人变得更坚强，痛苦终将过去，家人是我们的依靠。4What do we know about the writers father from the
16、passage?AHe will recover from his illness soon.BHe has been lying in bed for 40 years.CHe used to be a powerful and capable man.DHe didnt know the author after head surgery.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第一句“I sat there in this hospital room, spoonfeeding the man Ive seen as powerful and capable all my life”中的 pow
17、erful and capable可知，在作者眼里，父亲以前是强壮能干的，所以选C。5How did the author feel when thinking of the pain and suffering his family had?AGrateful. BInspired.CExhausted. DSorrowful.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第四段倒数第二句“And Im thankful to have my family to lean on during this difficult time”及文章最后一段可知，作者感恩困难时期家人的支持，从另外一方面讲，是痛苦和苦难让作
18、者知道了生活的意义，所以选A。6What does the author probably agree with?ALife is more fragile than expected.BSomething nice weights light.CPain and suffering often go hand in hand.DWe should treat the old in an abnormal way.解析：选A推理判断题。文章讲述的是在作者眼里一直强壮能干的父亲，在做了心脏手术之后，认不出作者了。所以，作者可能认同这种观点：生活比预想的更脆弱。所以选A。7What does th
19、e author aim to express in this passage?APain and suffering are bound to pass.BPain and suffering bring us beneficial experiences.CWe cannot always avoid facing pain and suffering.DWe will not eventually be defeated by pain and suffering.解析：选B主旨大意题。文章是记叙文，作者首先讲述了父亲手术之后的情况，在最后两段里，作者感慨痛苦与苦难会让我们汲取教训，会给
20、我们机会去思考生命中真正重要的是什么，并让我们认识到生活的意义。也就是说，痛苦与苦难会给我们一些有益的东西，所以选B。C(2018福州期末考试)A Chinese hightech company is building the worlds first smallsized unmanned cargo ship (货船), showing that China is taking the lead in the unmanned surface vehicle industry.On Wednesday, the Shenzhenbased Oceanalpha Co., Ltd. sig
21、ned a memorandum of understanding with Wuhan University of Technology, China Classification Society (CCS) and the Zhuhai municipal government to start a project that will result in the smallsized unmanned surface vehicle, or USV.“It will be the first USV that is entirely developed with Chinese techn
22、ology and guided by the Beidou navigation system，” said Sun Feng, vicepresident of CCS.The vehicle will be put into commercial operation by 2019.Such unmanned vehicles are expected to lower the number of humanerror incidents at sea, reduce labor costs and cut emissions (排放物) by using batteries inste
23、ad of gas.“Over 70 to 80 percent of incidents that happened in the sea are manmade, and 40 percent of the entire running cost goes to human labor，” said Zhang Yunfei, founder of Oceanalpha.“Using USVs can largely reduce the cost and incidents.Also, the vehicle body is much lighter, which enables it
24、to be powered by batteries instead of gas, greatly cutting down the emission，” he said.Early this year, Oceanalpha launched an unmanned guard vehicle, which has already been adopted for military (军队的) use.语篇解读：本文属于新闻报道，重点报道了中国的一种无人水面航行器的开发情况，这种无人水面航行器能节省传统航海的费用，降低事故发生率，减少排放物。8What is the passage mai
25、nly about?AA Chinese hightech company.BA breakthrough in ocean research.CA Chineseforeign joint project.DAn advancement in a water vehicle.解析：选D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文的首段为文章的主题段；根据第一段的内容并结合下文介绍的无人驾驶的小型货船的信息可知，本文主要讲述了一种先进的水上交通工具，故D项正确。9What do we know about the unmanned USV?AIt is invented by a Chinese engin
26、eer.BIt is a result of manysided efforts.CIts running cost goes to human labor.DIt has been put into massproduction.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段可知，小型无人驾驶船只技术的开发项目是深圳的一家公司和武汉理工大学以及中国船级社、珠海市政府共同努力的结果，故B项正确。10What field will the USV be used in?ABusiness. BMilitary.CEducation. DScience.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The vehicl
27、e will be put into commercial operation by 2019”可知，该产品将于2019年投入市场，用于商业，故A项正确。11What can be inferred from Zhang Yunfeis words?AUSVs will have fewer crew members.BIt takes more human labor to run USVs.CThere will be no accidents by using USVs.DThe change of power reduces the emission.解析：选D推理判断题。根据第六段中
28、的“Also, the vehicle body is much lighter, which enables it to be powered by batteries instead of gas, greatly cutting down the emission”可知，由于船体重量轻，使得能用电池取代汽油作为动力，极大地减少了污染物的排放；据此可以判断，动力来源的改变减少了污染物的排放，故D项正确。D(2018长沙名校联考)Scientists found gravitational waves as they watched the effects of two black hole
29、s running into each other and forming a much bigger one, a century after Albert Einstein predicted that such an event would send ripples (波纹) through spacetime.Scientists “heard” the wave with the help of laser beams (激光束) sent through two pipes which form an angle of 90 between each other and are n
30、early 2,000 miles apart in the US. That equipment let them glimpse the nature of black holes. Together they made up the Laser Interferometer GravitationalWave Observatory (LIGO)Gravitational waves were first observed in September 2015 and the second detection (发现) occurred three months later. The th
31、ird detection, which the astronomers called GW170104, was made on January 4, 2017. The astronomers believed their latest finding “provides clues about the directions in which the black holes are spinning”“Black holes are beautifully simple. You just need two numbers to describe them completely: mass
32、, how much they bend spacetime, and a spin, how much spacetime moves about them，” said Dr Christopher Berry of the University of Birmingham, one of the researchers in the project. “But it takes lots of hard work to measure these from our data. We now have wonderful mass measurements, and are startin
33、g to uncover details about the spins of these black holes, which could give evidence for how they formed.” The researchers said their discovery added further evidence to support Einsteins general theory of relativity and confirmed the existence of previously unknown black holes.More than 1,000 scien
34、tists from the LIGO Scientific Collaboration were involved in the project along with an additional 280 researchers from the Europeanbased Virgo Collaboration. Scientists hope gravitational waves will offer a completely different view of the universe, allowing them to study events that might be hidde
35、n from traditional telescopes. “We have further confirmation of the existence of stellar (恒星的)mass black holes that are larger than 20 solar masses. We didnt know they existed before LIGO detected them，” MIT researcher David Shoemaker said.语篇解读：本文是一篇科普说明文。科学家们第三次探测到引力波，相对论再获证实，促进了黑洞研究。12Who pioneere
36、d gravitational waves?ADavid Shoemaker. BChristopher Berry.CScientists from LIGO. DAlbert Einstein.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段中的“a century after Albert Einstein predicted that such an event would send ripples (波纹) through spacetime”可知，科学家们的这一发现发生在爱因斯坦预测此事件的一个世纪后，因此爱因斯坦是引力波的先行者。13How did scientists discover gra
37、vitational waves?ABy using laser beams.BBy joining vertical pipes.CBy using traditional telescopes.DBy following the orbit of black holes.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中的“Scientists heard the wave with the help of laser beams (激光束)”可知，科学家们是通过使用激光束来探测到引力波的。14What can we learn from the last three paragraphs?AMor
38、e than 2,000 scientists took part in the event.BScientists have already discovered spins of black holes.CGravitational waves contributed to black holes research.DThere is no way to find out how black holes are formed.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句和第四段中的“We . are starting to uncover details about the spins of
39、 these black holes, which could give evidence for how they formed”可知，科学家们第三次发现引力波给黑洞的旋转方向提供了线索，黑洞的旋转细节可能为它们的形成方式提供证据。即引力波对黑洞的研究有作用。故选C。15What do the scientists think of the application of gravitational waves?AIts controversial. BIts promising.CIts limited. DIts demanding.解析：选B观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“Scientis
40、ts hope gravitational waves will offer a completely different view of the universe, allowing them to study events that might be hidden from traditional telescopes”可知，科学家们希望引力波会提供一个完全不同的宇宙观，使得他们能研究使用传统望远镜可能发现不了的事情，即他们认为引力波的运用很有前景。故选B项。.阅读七选五(2018日照校际学校联考)The word “pub” is short for public house. Ther
41、e are around 60,000 pubs in the UK. One of the oldest pubs, Fighting Cocks in St. Albans, Hertfordshire, is located in a building that dates back to the eleventh century._16_ People talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there. Pubs often have two bars, one usually quieter than the other, an
42、d many have a garden where people can sit in summer. Children can go into pub gardens with their parents.Groups of friends normally buy “rounds”of drinks. _17_ It is sometimes difficult to get served when pubs are busy: the bar staff will usually try and serve those who have been waiting the longest
43、 at the bar first.Most pubs often have a complete range of beers, local and imported, with German, Belgian and French beers being in demand. _18_ As a matter of fact, pubs sell soft drinks, too.The legal age to purchase alcohol is 18 in the UK. People aged 16 and 17, with the licenses permission, ma
44、y have only one glass of wine during a meal. _19_ It is illegal to sell alcohol to someone who already appears drunk. A fourteenyearold may enter a pub unaccompanied by an adult if he orders a meal. Children may enter a pub with their parents until 9 pm., which lets families enjoy reasonably priced
45、pub meals together. _20_Customs in British pubs differ from those in American bars. In most pubs in the UK, you must go to the bar to order drinks and food and pay for your purchases immediately.ABritish people like drinking beers in pubs.BPubs are an important part of British life.CBut they must be
46、 with an adult and the adult orders it.DIn the salon bar the atmosphere is quieter and there are fewer people.EAnd it also allows pubs to play their traditional roles as community centers.FThe person whose turn it is will buy drinks for all the members of the group.GMost people might think pubs are
47、places where people simply drink alcohol.语篇解读：本文主要介绍了英国酒馆的相关信息。16解析：选B空处为段落主题句。从文章第二段尤其是空后一句可知，英国人的生活离不开酒馆，因此B项“酒馆在英国人的生活中扮演着重要的角色”能够概括本段。17解析：选F根据空前的“Groups of friends normally buy rounds of drinks”可知，此处指轮到谁，谁就要为这群朋友里的每个成员买酒。故F项符合语境。18解析：选G上文提到大多数酒馆的酒类很齐全，当地的和进口的都有。下文提到酒馆也销售不含酒精的饮料。因此，G项“大多数人可能认为酒馆只是人们喝酒的地方”符合语境。19解析：选C在英国，购买酒的合法年龄是18岁。16岁和17岁的孩子在有许可证的情况下，(在酒馆)一顿饭只能喝一杯葡萄酒；再结合下文中的“unaccompanied by an adult”可推知，C项“但是他们得有成年人陪伴而且由成年人点酒”符合语境。20解析：选E空处为段落结尾句。根据空前内容可知，孩子可以和父母在酒馆待到晚上9点，这让家人可以享受定价合理的晚餐，而这也让酒馆发挥了它最传统的作用，即作为社区活动中心。故选E项。
