1、第九讲：“语法填空”解题流程一、考题怎么解活学活用思维流程(一)有提示词类1提示词为动词2提示词为其他(二)无提示词类解题示范(2020全国卷)China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.The unmanned Change4 probe (探测器) the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess _61_ (touch) down last week in the South PoleAitken ba
2、sin.Landing on the moons far side is _62_ (extreme) challenging.Because the moons body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _63_ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.The far side of the moon is of particu
3、lar _64_ (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so _65_ the familiar near side.Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Change4 _66_ (find) and study areas of the South PoleAitken basin.“This really excites scientists，” Carle Pieters, a scientist
4、at Brown University, says, “because it _67_ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _68_ (construct)” Data about the moons composition, such as how _69_ ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether _70_ (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are p
5、ractical.第一步：速览语篇，定时态和语态。根据文中出现的时间状语、动词的时态和语态可知本文时态以现在时为主，语态以主动语态为主。第二步：细读句子，定空格处答案。细读句子的同时，根据语法填空题的解题思维流程，结合所掌握的语法和文化知识，利用自己的思维能力确定空格处的正确答案。61touched有提示词类型。考查时态。分析句子结构，“the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess”部分是对探月器名称的解释，可以看作是插入成分。故可判断出空格处是谓语动词。再根据句中的时间状语last week可知，此处用一般过去时态。 tou
6、ched down “降落，着陆”。62extremely有提示词类型。考查副词。 修饰形容词challenging要用副词。故填extremely。63where无提示词类型。考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。64interest有提示词类型。 考查名词。句中含有“beof名词”结构， be of particular interestbe particularly interesting。故填interest。65than无提示词类型。考查连词。根据前面的more可知，此处考查连词
7、than。 more .than .“比多”。66to find有提示词类型。 考查动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此空处是非谓语动词；结合句意可知，此处用不定式表示目的。67means有提示词类型。 考查时态。根据句子结构可知，此空处是谓语动词。本句引用了Carle Pieters的话，结合上下文时态可知，空格处要用一般现在时态。68is constructed有提示词类型。考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知，此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is cons
8、tructed。69much无提示词类型。 考查形容词。ice是不可数名词，故表达询问“多少冰” 时用how much ice。70its有提示词类型。考查代词。空格处作plans的定语，故需填形容词性物主代词its。二、平时怎么练学会总结命题规律“同样在做题，效率有高低”“题海战术耗气力，不悟规律收益低”，指的是一些学生“只顾埋头拉车，不顾抬头看路”的低效能的学习方法。高考是有命题规律可循的，尤其是对“语法填空”和“短文改错”题型来说，10个题目怎么分布考点，每个考点考多少、考什么都是有一定规律的。掌握了这些规律，既有利于学生明确思维方向，又有利于学生复验答案。所以，建议学生仿照本部分练习题
9、后设计的考点统计表格，每做完一个语篇后，及时反思不足，总结命题规律，你会发现：命题人总是围绕有数的几个考点变个语境“重复”地考；与其强刷百题，不如精做一题。A(2020乐山三模)A Chinese company says it has created a new facial recognition system that can identify people even if they _1_ (wear) masks.Engineers at Hanwang Technology Ltd.say their system is the first to be created to _2_
10、 (effective) identify people wearing face masks.Hanwang is now selling two main _3_ (kind) of products that use the new technology.One performs “single channel” recognition, which is designed to be used at the _4_ (enter) to buildings.The other product is a “multichannel” recognition system, which c
11、an identify individuals in _5_ crowd of up to 30 people “within a second” by _6_ (use) groups of surveillance (监控) cameras.When people wear a mask, the recognition rate can reach about 95%.And the systems success rate for people not wearing a mask _7_ (be) about 99.5%._8_ is not immediately clear ho
12、w Chinese citizens are reacting to the new technology.The Chinese government has already been using other surveillance tools in the fight against the COVID19._9_ some citizens have expressed opposition to such tools, many others seem to have accepted the methods as a way _10_ (deal) with the current
13、 health emergency.语篇解读：本文是说明文。一家中国公司汉王科技公司开发了一种新的面部识别系统，即使人们戴着口罩也能识别。它的识别成功率很高，许多人将其作为应对当前卫生紧急状况的一种方式。1are wearing考查动词时态。此处指人们正戴着口罩时也能识别，用现在进行时。故填are wearing。2effectively考查副词。此处指有效地识别，修饰动词identify用副词，故填effectively。3kinds考查名词复数。此处表示“两种”，kind是可数名词，由two修饰用复数，故填kinds。4entrance/entrances考查名词。此处表示建筑物的入口，由
14、the修饰用名词。建筑物可能有多个入口，也可以用复数。故填entrance/entrances。5a考查冠词。此处表示多达30人的人群，a crowd of表示“一群，许多的”，故填a。6using考查非谓语动词。介词by后用动名词作宾语，故填using。7is考查动词时态和主谓一致。此处叙述一般事实，与上文时态一致用一般现在时。主语是success rate是单数意义，谓语用第三人称单数，故填is。8It考查代词。how Chinese citizens were reacting to the new technology是句子的真正主语，用it作形式主语，故填It。9While/Alth
15、ough/Though考查连词。根据语境可知，空处所在句与逗号后的句子之间是让步关系，故填While/Although/Though。10to deal考查非谓语动词。a way to do sth.，表示“做某事的一种方式”，用不定式作后置定语，故填to deal。推荐使用考点统计表(请填出本篇语法填空的具体内容)项目词类数量考查内容有提示词动词2现在进行时；一般现在时和主谓一致非谓语2动名词作宾语；动词不定式作定语名词2名词的复数副词1副词修饰动词无提示词冠词1固定搭配代词1形式主语连词1让步状语从句B(2020滨州高三模拟)Nowadays 5G is very popular amon
16、g customers, but China is looking past 5G and intending _1_ (build) a 6G network.China is starting research into 6G, _2_ (make) it one of the first countries to do so.The actual development of 6G will _3_ (official) begin from this year, but the commercial use will have to wait.The _4_ (arrive) of 5
17、G has attracted a lot of people.It not only brings fast mobile Internet, but also _5_ (enable) us to connect with machines.So _6_ is 6G supposed to bring, especially for ordinary people? For one thing, _7_ will make mobile Internet work at a speed of 1 TB per second, which means you can download aro
18、und 100 films _8_ less than one second.For another, 6G will connect our devices _9_ (efficiently) than 5G, which makes Internet coverage much wider.Of course, there is a long way to go, _10_ I believe tomorrows Internet is in our hands.Our life in the future will be wonderful and fantastic.语篇解读：本文是一
19、篇说明文。文章介绍了中国正在研究6G，并提到了6G会带来的影响。1to build考查非谓语动词。intend to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“打算做某事”，故填to build。2making考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，make在句中作非谓语动词，make的逻辑主语为“China is starting research into 6G (中国开始研究6G)”，二者之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，所以要用make的现在分词形式，故填making。3officially考查副词。空格处修饰动词begin, 要用副词形式，故填officially。4arrival考查名词。句意：5G的到来吸
20、引了很多人。根据定冠词The可知，空格处应填名词，arrive的名词形式为arrival，意为“到达”，故填arrival。5enables考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，enable在句中作并列谓语，根据前文中的brings可知要用一般现在时。主语It为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故填enables。6what考查疑问代词。句意：那么，6G应该会带来什么，特别是对普通人来说？分析句子结构可知，本句是一个疑问句，缺一个疑问词，根据句意，这里要表达的是6G会带来“什么”，故用疑问代词what引导这个疑问句。7it考查代词。一方面，它(6G)使移动互联网以每秒1 TB 的速度工作。分析句
21、子结构可知，空格处是句子的主语。根据语境可知应用代词it代指上文中的“6G”作主语。故填it。8in/within考查介词。这意味着你可以在不到一秒的时间内下载大约100部电影。根据句意，这里要表达的是“在不到一秒之内”，故填in/within。9more efficiently考查副词的比较级。句意：另一方面，6G将会比5G更有效率地连接我们的设备，这让互联网的覆盖范围更广。根据空格后的than可知，这里要用所给词的比较级，故填more efficiently。10but考查连词。“Of course, there is a long way to go (当然，我们还有很长的路要走)”与“I believe tomorrows Internet is in our hands (我相信未来的互联网在我们的掌握之中)”之间为转折关系，故填but。推荐使用考点统计表(请填出本篇语法填空的具体内容)项目词类数量考查内容有提示词动词1一般现在时和主谓一致非谓语2动词不定式作宾语；现在分词作状语名词1名词作主语副词2副词修饰动词；副词的比较级无提示词介词1基本用法代词2疑问代词； it连词1并列连词