1、课时评价作业基础达标练.单句填空1. The course consists of ten core modules and five optional modules.2. All the arrangements should have been completed prior to our departure.3. The boxes belonging to him were stuffed with books.4. Dont slice into your hand with that knife, kids.5. He has met the standard of being
2、an exceptional （exception） president.6. Passengers may only take aboard the aircraft a minimum of hand luggage.7. Sausages （sausage） in Canton style are of high quality and with special taste.同义替换prior to, exceptional, consist of, junk, a minimum of, stuff, chef1. It is important to enrich the soil
3、before planting. prior to 2. She has had a number of different jobs, ranging from a professional cook to a swimming instructor. chef 3. I dont know how you can eat that thing! stuff 4. He is an outstanding writer. exceptional 5. All these businesses are growing at least 5% a year, with gross margins
4、 above 30%. a minimum of 6. Ive cleared out all that old useless things in the room. junk 7. Life is made up of not only sunshine but also hard times. consists of .完成句子1. 下次你在过马路时一定要小心。（do/does/did强调谓语动词） Do be careful when you are crossing the street next time.2. 现在去睡觉, 否则明天你真的会很累。（祈使句+or+陈述句） Go t
5、o bed now or youll be really tired tomorrow.3. 随着夏天的到来，天气变得越来越热。（with复合结构） With the summer coming , the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.4. 工作完成了，她大大地松了一口气。（with复合结构） With the work finished , she felt greatly relieved.5. 再过一周，他们就会完成那项任务。（名词词组+and+陈述句） One more week and they will finish the task
6、.素养综合练.阅读理解（2021甘肃庆阳二中高二期中试题）Scientists have found that eating dark chocolate appears to lower the risk of depression fourfold. While 7.6 percent of the 13,000 people surveyed reported depressive symptoms, just 1.5 percent of the chocolate eaters did. The study also found that the people who consume
7、d the most of any chocolate were also 57 percent less likely to report depressive symptoms.The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate consumed. The team assessed data from 13,626 adults from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Su
8、rvey.A range of other factors including height, weight, marital status, education, household income, physical activity, smoking and chronic（慢性的） health problems were also taken into account to ensure the study only measured the chocolates effect on depressive symptoms.After adjusting these factors,
9、it was found that individuals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredi
10、ents（精神活性成分） which produce a feeling of euphoria（兴奋感） similar to that of cannabinoid（大麻）, found in cannabis（大麻制品）. It also contains phenylethylamine（苯乙胺）, which is believed to be important for regulating peoples moods.However, British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the
11、decision to eat dark chocolate could be linked to other health factors. For example, people who choose dark chocolate may be more health-conscious in general, which is known to protect against depression.Depressed people are also more likely to have a strong desire for more sugary fatty foods and so
12、 could be less likely to pick a dark alternative when choosing chocolate.1. What is the aim of the study?A.To find a cure for depression.B.To find out the cause of depression.C.To research on the ingredients of chocolate.D.To study the association between depression and chocolate.2. What is phenylet
13、hylamine?A.Something that can make people excited.B.Something that can adjust peoples moods.C.Something that can make people depressed.D.Something that can make people overweight.3. What is British scientists attitude toward the findings?A.Supportive.B.Negative.C.Doubtful.D.Cautious.4. What are depr
14、essed people more likely to do?A.Eat sugary fatty foods.B.Have dark chocolate.C.Exercise outdoors.D.Concern about health.答案：1. D解析：1.语篇解读本文为说明文。最新的研究表明，食用黑巧克力可以降低患抑郁症的风险。【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第二段的第一句“The study is the first to examine the association with depression according to the type of chocolate c
15、onsumed.”可知，其目的是研究抑郁和食用巧克力之间的关系。答案：2. B解析：2.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据第五段的最后一句中的“which is believed to be important for regulating peoples moods”可知，苯乙胺是调节人们情绪的东西。答案：3. D解析：3.【命题立意】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据第六段的第一句“However, British scientists urged caution about the findings, suggesting that the decision to eat dark ch
16、ocolate could be linked to other health factors.”可知，英国科学家对研究的发现持谨慎的态度。答案：4. A解析：4.【命题立意】细节理解题。【解题思路】根据最后一段内容可知，抑郁的人也更有可能想吃更多的高糖高脂食物，故选A项。深度解析词汇积累1. depression n.沮丧；忧愁2. symptom n.症状；征兆3. status n.地位4. factor n.因素；要素5. alternative n.可供选择的事物难句分析原句：After adjusting these factors, it was found that indiv
17、iduals who reported eating any dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70 percent lower odds of reporting clinically relevant depressive symptoms in the previous two weeks than those who reported not eating chocolate at all.句意：在调整了这些因素后，研究人员发现，在48小时内吃任何黑巧克力的人在前两周报告出现临床相关抑郁症状的概率比完全不吃巧克力的人低70%。分析：本句
18、为主从复合句。After adjusting these factors是介词短语作状语；that引导主语从句，it是形式主语，其中两个who均引导定语从句，分别修饰先行词individuals和 those。.完形填空（2020北京四中高二期中）Eating fast food makes people impatient even when they are not short of time, a new study claims.Students in the study became 1 even when shown the logo of burger chain McDonal
19、ds so quickly on screen that they could not 2 it.Researchers say that daily exposure to fast food brands could have a subliminal （潜意识的） effect on 3 making people hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time. They conclude： “Our experiments suggest that the 4 goal of saving time embedded in f
20、ast food may have the unexpected consequence of causing hurriedness and impatience.”Thinking about fast food increases 5 for time-saving products. “More 6 , we found that the mere exposure to fast food symbols reduced peoples willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate 7 to greater future r
21、eturn, finally harming their economic interest.”Student volunteers were quickly shown six logos from fast-food chains-McDonalds, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Wendys and Taco Bell. They could not consciously see what they were but the subliminal effect was 8 . Their reading speed was measured before and
22、 after seeing the logos and it was significantly faster afterwards. Participants also preferred time-saving products like three-in-one skincare treatments rather than 9 versions after seeing the logos. When asked whether they would accept a small sum of money immediately or a larger amount in a week
23、s time, they again chose 10 reward after being exposed to the brands.Researcher Chen-Bo Zhong, assistant professor of organizational behaviour at Canadas Toronto University, said：“Fast food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate 11 .” The problem is that the goal of saving time gets a
24、ctivated upon exposure to fast food 12 whether time is a relevant factor in the context. “ 13 , walking faster is time-efficient when one is trying to make a meeting, but its a sign of impatience when one is taking a walk in the park.”“Were finding that the mere exposure to fast food is 14 a general
25、 sense of hurriedness and impatience. When I sit in a fast food restaurant, I find myself gobbling （狼吞虎咽） my Big Mac down at this incredible speed even though there is no 15 at all.”1. A.hungry B.stressful C.anxious D.timid2. A.recognize B.investigate C.diagnose D.recall3. A.motivation B.appearance
26、C.emotion D.behaviour4. A.common B.unconscious C.primary D.temporary5. A.preference B.implication C.ingredient D.intention6. A.naturally B.strikingly C.fortunately D.personally7. A.gain B.proof C.respond D.attention8. A.concealed B.imposed C.edited D.marked9. A.separate B.special C.expensive D.origi
27、nal10. A.potential B.constant C.intense D.instant11. A.cultivation B.resistance C.satisfaction D.awareness12. A.in terms of B.on account of C.regardless of D.with respect to13. A.In other words B.On the contrary C.For example D.In addition14. A.promoting B.assuming C.insulting D.assessing15. A.chanc
28、e B.sense C.rush D.harm答案：1. C解析：1.语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了快餐会让人失去耐心，变得不耐烦。考查形容词。【解题思路】句意：参加研究中的学生甚至在屏幕上看到麦当劳汉堡连锁店的标识时很快就变得焦急起来，以至于他们都没认出它。A. hungry饥饿的；B. stressful有压力的；C. anxious焦虑的，焦急的；D. timid胆小的。上文说一项新研究称，吃快餐会让人失去耐心，即使他们不缺时间，所以此处是说他们变得很焦急，故选C项。答案：2. A解析：2.考查动词。【解题思路】句意同上。A. recognize认出，承认；B. investigat
29、e调查；C. diagnose诊断；D. recall回忆。这些学生在看到麦当劳汉堡连锁店的标识时很快就变得焦急起来，以至于他们都没认出它，A项符合语境。答案：3. D解析：3.考查名词。【解题思路】句意：研究人员说，每天接触快餐品牌会对人们的行为产生一种潜意识的影响，使人们无论是否被时间所迫，都会匆忙行事。A. motivation动机；B. appearance出现；C. emotion情感；D. behaviour行为。空后说人们无论是否被时间所迫，都会匆忙行事，这是对人们的行为产生的影响，故选D项。答案：4. B解析： 4.考查形容词。【解题思路】句意：他们得出结论：我们的实验表明，快
30、餐当中含有的无意识节省时间的目标可能会导致匆忙和不耐烦的意外结果。A. common普通的；B. unconscious无意识的；C. primary初级的；D. temporary临时的。根据下文说的只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活可知，快餐当中含有的节省时间的目标是无意识的，故选B项。答案：5. A解析：5.考查名词。【解题思路】句意：考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏好。A. preference偏好；B. implication暗示；C. ingredient材料；D. intention意图。快餐属于省时食品，因此考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏爱，故选A项。答案：6. B解析
31、：6.考查副词。【解题思路】句意：更为突出的是，我们发现，仅仅接触快餐符号就降低了人们的储蓄意愿，导致他们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，最终损害了他们的经济利益。A. naturally自然地；B. strikingly显著地；C. fortunately幸运地；D. personally亲自地。与上文说的考虑快餐会增加人们对省时产品的偏好相比，空后的这个发现是更为突出的，故选B项。答案：7. A解析：7.考查名词。【解题思路】句意同上。A. gain利润；B. proof证据；C. respond回应；D. attention注意。根据空后的“to greater future re
32、turn”可知，仅仅接触快餐符号就会导致人们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，故选A项。答案：8. D解析：8.考查形容词。【解题思路】句意：他们无法有意识地看到它们是什么，但潜意识的影响是显著的。他们的阅读速度在看到商标之前和之后被测量，之后明显更快。他们的阅读速度在看到商标之前和之后被测量，之后明显更快，这说明对潜意识的影响是显著的，故选D项。答案：9. A解析：9.考查形容词。【解题思路】句意：在看过这些商标后参与者也更喜欢省时的产品，比如三合一的护肤品，而不是单独版本。A. separate各自的，单独的；B. special特别的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. origi
33、nal原始的。根据空前的“three-in-one skincare treatments rather than”可知此处是与三合一的护肤品的比较，指的是单独版本的护肤品，故选A项。答案：10. D解析：10.考查形容词。【解题思路】句意：接触这些快餐品牌后，当被问及他们会立即接受一小笔钱还是在一周后接受更多的钱时，他们再次选择了立即获得奖励。A. potential潜在的；B. constant不变的；C. intense紧张的；D. instant立即的，紧迫的。上文说仅仅接触快餐符号就降低了人们的储蓄意愿，导致他们宁愿眼前获利，也不愿未来获得更大回报，所以此处是眼前获利的表现，指的是他
34、们选择立即获得奖励，故选D项。答案：11. C解析：11.考查名词。【解题思路】句意：快餐代表着一种时间效率和即时满足感的文化。A. cultivation培养；B. resistance阻力；C. satisfaction满意，满足；D. awareness意识。上文说快餐会让人们选择立即的奖励，这说明快餐会给人们带来一种即时满足感，故选C项。答案：12. C解析：12.考查介词短语。【解题思路】句意：问题是，不管时间是否与环境相关，只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活。A. in terms of依据；B. on account of因为；C. regardless of不管；D. w
35、ith respect to至于。根据空后的“whether time is a relevant factor in the context”可知，不管时间是否与环境相关，只要接触到快餐，节省时间的目标就会被激活，故选C项。答案：13. C解析：13.考查介词短语。【解题思路】句意：例如，当一个人试图去开会时，走得更快是有效率的，但是当一个人在公园散步时，这是一种不耐烦的表现。A. In other words换言之；B. On the contrary相反；C. For example例如；D. In addition此外。空后介绍的是一个具体的例子，需要用For example引出，故选
36、C项。答案：14. A解析： 14. 考查动词。【解题思路】句意：我们发现，仅仅接触快餐就普遍促进匆忙和不耐烦感。promote促进，提升；assume假定；insult冒犯；assess评估。根据空后的“a general sense of hurriedness and impatience”可知，仅仅接触快餐就会造成一种普遍的匆忙和不耐烦的感觉，故选A项。答案：15. C解析：15.考查名词。【解题思路】句意：当我坐在一家快餐店时，我发现自己正以惊人的速度狼吞虎咽地吃着我的巨无霸，尽管根本不着急。A. chance可能性；B. sense意义；C. rush 匆忙；D. harm损害。根据“even though”可知，尽管我并不着急，我还是狼吞虎咽地吃巨无霸，故选C项。
