1、限时提分练(十九)必修Unit4Bodylanguage.阅读理解A2021成都市高三诊断检测PeopleoftenaskhowIdecidewheretogo, andIusuallygethesitatedwithmyresponse, asIdontactuallyhaveananswertothat.Formorethanthreeyears, Ihavebeenmakingmovementswiththeuniverse, travelingfromonelocationtoanotheratseeminglyrandomintervals.Afriendofminepostedam
2、essageonlineaskingifanybodywasinterestedinajobteachingEnglishinChina.SoIjumpedonacomingplane.Walkingintomyfirstclass, Iwasbombedby16strangechildrenwhocouldntunderstandasinglewordoutofmymouth.WhenIwalkedoutofmylastclass, sixmonthslater, Ihadmadeapersonalconnectionwiththem.Someofmystudentscouldbarelys
3、peakChineseorEnglish.Butsomehow，throughdeterminationandforce, wewereconnected.EveryclasswasnotonlyalessoninEnglish, butingoodfellowship, beingarolemodel, beingaparent, andbeingafriend.Ibecameafathertosome, anolderbrothertoothers.Iwaslovedandadored, fearedandhated.Ihadtolearndiscipline, andnotonlyhow
4、todealitout, buthowtodisciplineandconductmyselfasarolemodel.Butinbetweenthediscipline, Ihadtomakelearningafunexperience.AndtheyforgavemewhenIyelledorgotupset.Andwhentheylosttheirtempersorbruisedtheirkneesormissedtheirmommies, Iforgavethem, kissedtheirbruisesbetter, andgavethemashouldertocryon.Teachi
5、ngEnglishinChinais, byfar, themostemotionallyrewardingandfulfillingthingIveeverchallengedmyselftodo.Ihavewalkedawayfromthisjobwithasoftenedheart, knowingthatIhavemadeadifferenceinsomanylives.Iwantthat.Iwantmyteachingtobereciprocalbecausetheytaughtmehowtounconditionallyopenmyheartandhowtobeamorelovin
6、gandpatientperson.1WhatcanwelearnaboutthewriterbeforehecametoChina?AHedidnthaveafixedjob.BHewasaprofessionalwriter.CHeworkedinatravelagency.DHetaughtinalanguageschool.2Whatwasthesituationlikewhentheauthormethisstudentsforthefirsttime?AHard.BExciting.CTouching.DInspiring.3Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor
7、fromParagraph3?AHewascasualandpatient.BHewasresponsiblebutsensitive.CHewascautiousbutbadtempered.DHewasselfreflectiveandconsiderate.4Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocal”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?ABeneficial.BInteracted.CEncouraging.DAcceptable.B2021成都市毕业班第二次诊断检测Africanpenguins (Spheniscusdemersu
8、s) beartheunfortunatenickname“jackasspenguins”becausetheycommunicatethroughhonking, donkeylikesounds.Laughatthemifyoulike, butanewstudysuggeststhattheirjackasslanguageactuallyfollowsthesamebasicrulesasours.InthestudypublishedinthejournalBiologyLetters, researchersrecordednearly600vocalizations (发声)
9、from28adultmalepenguinslivinginItalianzoos.Malestendtovocalizealotduringthematingperiod, whichiswhytheresearchersturnedtothispopulation.ThescientistsknewfrompreviousresearchthatAfricanpenguinshonkusingthreedistincttypesofsounds, similartohumansyllables (音节), whengreetingoneanother, mating, ordefendi
10、ngterritory.Buttheresearcherswantedtoknowwhetherthose“syllables”followedtwocommonlinguistic (语言学的) rules.Oneofthoserules, calledZipfslawinshort, wasproposedin1945bythelinguistGeorgeKingsleyZipf.Thelawstatesthatthemorefrequentlyawordisusedinanylanguage, theshorterittendstobe (thinkofwordslike“the”，“t
11、o”and“of”inEnglish).Previousstudieshaveanalyzedmorethan1,000worldlanguagesforevidenceofZipfslaw, andtheruleholdsupinallofthem.Theotherrule, knownastheMenzerathAltmannlaw, saysthatthelongerawordorphraseis, theshorteritscomponentsyllablesare, whileshorterwordsaremorelikelytohavelongersyllables.Theword
12、“onomatopoeia”，forexample, ismadeofsixveryshortsyllables, while“couch”ismadeofonelongerone.Previousstudieshaveshownthatnonhumanprimatesfollowboththeseruleswhentheycommunicatewitheachother, butwhataboutjackasspenguins?TheresearchersofthenewstudyfoundthatthesongsofthemalejackasspenguinconformtobothZip
13、fsandMenzerathAltmannslaws: Theshortestcallstendedtobethemostcommon, andthelongestphrasesweremadeupoftheshortestsyllables.Thisstudyprovidedthefirstnonprimateevidencethatthesecommonlinguisticpatternsextendintotheanimalkingdom, theauthorswrote, andthatsnothingtohemandhawat.5Whydidtheresearcherschoosea
14、dultmalejackasspenguins?ATheycanvocalizedifferentkindsofsounds.BTheyaremoreaccessiblethanotherpenguins.CTheycommunicatewitheachotherthroughhonking.DTheymakesoundsfrequentlyduringthematingperiod.6Whatdoestheauthortrytoexpressbymentioningthewords“the”，“to”and“of”inEnglish?AGeorgeKingsleyZipfsideaisrea
15、sonable.BThesewordsareextremelysimple.CPreviousstudiesareverymeaningful.DEnglishisquitesimilartootherlanguages.7WhichofthefollowingfullyexplainswhattheMenzerathAltmannlawmeans?AEggandfood.BContradictoryandshout.CLearnandearn.DDiscriminationandprescription.8Whatconclusionhasthenewstudymade?AManylangu
16、agesfollowthesamelinguisticrules.BJackasspenguinscommunicatewitheachotherbyhonking.CJackasspenguinslanguageandthehumanlanguagesharethebasiclinguisticrules.DZipfslawandMenzerathAltmannlawarecommonlyappliedrules.七选五2021广州高三调研LearningtounderstandspokenEnglishcanbedifficult.Learnersmustnotonlymasternewp
17、hrases, butalsolearnconversationalidioms.Thatsalottolearn! Buttheymaysoonrealizethereissomethingelsegoingon._1_Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalled“registers”.Intheirwork, languageexpertsidentifythreemajorfactorsthataffecttheregisterofspokenEnglish: theplaceoftheconversation, therelationshipbetwe
18、enthespeakers, andthepurposeoftheconversation._2_Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.Athome, onemightsay, “Cmon, Iwannaleave.”Thesamepersonatworkmightsay, “Areyoureadytogonow？”Therelationshipbetweenthespeakersalsoaffectsthelanguagetheyusewhentalkingwith
19、eachother.Peoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers._3_Peoplewhoknoweachotherwellmightusemoreidiomsandmoreslangintheirspeech.Anangrywomanmighttellherdaughterto“hushyourmouth”andhersisterto“quietdown”Finally, thepurposeoftheconversationaffectspeoplesspeech.Apersonwhowantstoeasehurtfe
20、elingsusesasoft, quiettone._4_Fewspeakersrealizethattheychangeregistersaccordingtothesefactors._5_Wearenotawarethatwemakethesechanges.Weacceptthechangeabilityoftheweather, butweoftenrefusetoacceptthechangeabilityofspeech.AInfact, mostpeoplestronglydenyit.BPeoplegenerallyspeaklessatworkthantheydoatho
21、me.CTheverysamepersonspeaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations.DTherefore, weshouldbecarefulnottohurteachotherwithourspeech.EOntheotherhand, apersonwhowantstopickafightspeaksrapidlyandloudly.FTheplacewheretheconversationtakesplacedirectlyaffectsthelanguageoftheconversation.GBecausetheyalreadyshareinfor
22、mationandexperiencewithfriends, theydonotneedtoexplainasmuch.短文改错2021太原市高三年级模拟三IhavebeenlearningEnglishsinceIaminprimaryschool, butthetruthwasthatIwasnotsogoodatlistening.NomatterhowhardlyItried, IcouldntunderstandclearlywhichmyEnglishteachersornativespeakerssaid.Oneday, IwassurfingtheInternetwhilea
23、nadvertisementforEnglishlisteningdrewyourattention.Tomyamaze, itwasawebsitewhererecordingofsomewellknownbookswereprovided.Whenseethewebsite, Ifellinloveit, whichturnedouttobethatuseful.NowIhavemadeaprogressinlistening.限时提分练(十九).阅读理解A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我个人经历作者在中国教英语的经历【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了作者在中国教英语的经历及感悟。1答案与解析：
24、A考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Formorethanthreeyears, Ihavebeen.seeminglyrandomintervals”可以推断，作者在来中国之前并没有稳定的工作，故A项正确。2答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Walkingintomyfirstclass，Iwasbombedby16strangechildrenwhocouldntunderstandasinglewordoutofmymouth”可推知，作者第一次见到学生时，情况是艰难的，故选A。touching意为“动人的，令人同情的”；inspiring意为“鼓舞人心的”。3答案与解析：D考查推
25、理判断。根据第三段中的“Ihadtolearndiscipline，andnotonlyhowtodealitout，buthowtodisciplineandconductmyselfasarolemodel”可推知，作者善于自我反思，并结合“Iforgavethem，kissedtheirbruisesbetter, andgavethemashouldertocryon”可推知，作者是体贴的，故选D。4答案与解析：B考查词义猜测。本句是一个主从复合句，根据原因状语从句“becausetheytaughtmehowtounconditionallyopenmyheartandhowtobe
26、amorelovingandpatientperson”可知，因为作者的学生教会了他如何无条件地敞开心扉，如何成为一个更有爱心、更有耐心的人，所以他希望自己从事的教学工作是互惠的(自己和学生都有所收获)，B项的含义与画线词的含义最为接近，故选B。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会研究发现非洲企鹅的语言规则【语篇解读】非洲企鹅有“公驴企鹅”的绰号，因为它们通过发出像驴一样的叫声进行交流，但一项新的研究表明，非洲企鹅的语言和人类语言遵循相同的基本语言学规则。5答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Malestendtovocalizealotduringthematingperiod，wh
27、ichiswhytheresearchersturnedtothispopulation”可知，研究人员之所以选择雄性非洲企鹅是因为它们在交配期频繁发出声音，故选D。6答案与解析：A考查推理判断。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“theruleholdsupinallofthem”可推知，作者列举在英语中使用的三个单词是为了说明齐夫定律是合理的，故选A。holdup意为“支撑得住”。7答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“MenzerathAltmannlaw, saysthatthelongerawordorphraseis, theshorteritscomponentsyllablesar
28、e, whileshorterwordsaremorelikelytohavelongersyllables”可知，MenzerathAltmann定律表明一个单词或短语越长，它的组成音节越短，而较短的单词更可能有较长的音节；contradictory单词长，是一个多音节词，但音节较短，shout单词短，但却是一个长音节词，这两个词能完全阐释MenzerathAltmann定律，故选B。8答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Thisstudyprovidedthefirstnonprimateevidencethatthesecommonlinguisticpatternsexten
29、dintotheanimalkingdom”和第一段最后一句可知，新的研究的结论是非洲企鹅的语言和人类语言遵循相同的基本语言学规则，故选C。.七选五语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会人际交流影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素【语篇解读】语言专家发现，影响英语口语语体风格的三个主要因素是：谈话的地点、说话者之间的关系以及谈话的目的。1答案与解析：C空后一句“Thesedifferentstylesofspeakingarecalledregisters”与C项中的“speaksdifferentlyindifferentsituations”相呼应，说明同一个人在不同的情况下说话风格不同，故选C
30、项。2答案与解析：F根据空后一句“Eventwobestfriendswhoworkandlivetogethermayspeakmoreformallytoeachotherintheoffice.”可知，即使是一起工作和生活的两个最好的朋友，他们在办公室里交谈的方式也可能更正式；并结合该段所举的例子和第一段最后一句可知，本段应是讲述影响英语口语语体风格的因素之一谈话的地点，故F项与此处匹配。3答案与解析：G根据空前一句“Peoplespeaklessformallytofriendsandmoreformallytostrangers.”可知，人们对朋友说话不太正式，而对陌生人说话则比较正
31、式。据此可推知，空处应是解释其原因，即因为他们已经和朋友分享了信息和经历，所以他们不需要解释太多。故G项正确。4答案与解析：E根据空前两句可知，谈话的目的会影响人们说话的方式；一个人想要缓解受伤的情感，就会使用轻柔的语调。据此可推知，空处与此相对，说明想找麻烦的人说话语速快且声音大，故E项正确。5答案与解析：A根据最后一段中的“Fewspeakersrealize”“refusetoaccept”可知，A项“事实上，大部分人强烈地否认它(说话风格的改变)”符合语境。.短文改错答案：IhavebeenlearningEnglishsinceIinprimaryschool, butthetrut
32、hwasthatIwasnotsogoodatlistening.NomatterhowItried, IcouldntunderstandclearlymyEnglishteachersornativespeakerssaid.Oneday, IwassurfingtheInternetanadvertisementforEnglishlisteningdrewattention.Tomy，itwasawebsitewhereofsomewellknownbookswereprovided.Whenthewebsite, Ifellinloveit, whichturnedouttobethatuseful.NowIhavemadeaprogressinlistening.
