1、高三英语试卷AThere are thousands of incredible trails（路线）that allow us to get up close to nature.Here are 4 of the best hiking trails in the world.Lares and Royal Inca Trail，Peru The Inca Trail to Macchu Picchu is unquestionably one of South Americas greatest one.Lares and Royal Inca Trail，a guided three-
2、day trip in the Lares region，follows an ancient Inca path through Andean forests，up the Huchayccasa pass and through the village of Huacahuasi，with the chance to catch sight of towering Mount Veronica.Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve，Costa Rica Costa Ricas rich biodiversity is best explored in the hi
3、gh cloud forests of Monteverde.The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the areas striking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.The Dingle Way，Ireland Irelands Dingle Way trail can be completed in
4、around eight days.Starting in the town of Tralee，the clockwise path follows narrow roads，taking in the wide sweep of sand at Inch Strand，passing along the clifftops outside Dingle town and heading around the edge of Mount Brandon，the highest peak on the Dingle Peninsula.Armenia and the Silk Road Arm
5、enias beautiful natural landscapes are best explored on foot.The 11-day Armenia and the Silk Road trip takes in some of its finest routes，connecting the UNESCO protected monasteries（修道院）of Sanahin and Haghpat，passing over limestone peaks and through green forests，with the opportunity to hike in the
6、wild Geghama Mountains and climb to the top of Aragats，the countrys tallest mountain.1.Where can people reach if he follows the route of the Inca Trail？_ A.Macchu Picchu.B.Dingle town.C.Inch Strand.D.Geghama Mountains.2.What can people see in Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve？_ A.Different clouds.B.At
7、tractive wildlife.C.A pine forest.D.Well-designed paths.3.Which trip takes the longest time to complete？_ A.Lares and Royal Inca Trail.B.Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve.C.The Dingle Way.D.Armenia and the Silk Road.BTwo 18-year-old girls，Jrasnatt and Marisa，learned about a major challenge faced by th
8、e cricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Bigger crickets often attack the smaller ones.When attacked，a cricket will cut off its own legs to escape.But after abandoning a leg，this animal will often die or becomes less valuable to buyers.Jrasnatt and Marisa were determined to solve the problem.After some research，they le
9、arned that colored light can influence the behaviors of some animals，including insects.To find out，the teen researchers transferred groups of 30 newly hatched crickets into each of 24 boxes.The crickets in six boxes were exposed only to red light.Another six boxes were lit with green.Six more boxes
10、were lit with blue.These three groups of insects spent daytime hours throughout their lives about two months in a world bathed in just one color of light.The last six boxes of crickets lived in natural light.We see theyre growing every day and take notes on whats happening，says Marisa.Were like the
11、parents of the crickets.Throughout，the teens kept track of the crickets.The share of crickets with missing legs was about 9 in every 10 among those living in red，blue or natural light.But fewer than 7 in every 10 crickets who grew up in a world of green lost legs.Also，the survival rate for crickets
12、in the green box was four or five times higher than that in the other boxes.Crickets eyes are adapted to only see in green and blue light.So，in red light，the world would always look dark.Without being able to see，they are more likely to hit each other.That results in crickets losing legs.Besides，cri
13、ckets are more attracted to blue light than green light，which pulls them closer together and leads to more fights.In the green light box，the crickets were most likely to mind their own business and avoid struggle.Creating a green-light world for crickets is a solution that could be brought to the fa
14、rms.Jrasnatt and Marisa are already in talks with the farmers.Those farmers plan to try out green lighting to see if it will boost their profits.4.What problem of crickets did the girls decide to settle？_ A.There is no cricket buyer.B.They often jump high to escape.C.Their legs are cut off by farmer
15、s.D.There are always injuries and deaths.5.What can we learn about the girls research work？_ A.They conducted the research seriously.B.They looked after the insects carelessly.C.They observed the crickets day and night.D.They divided the crickets into three groups.6.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
16、_ A.Possible application of the research finding.B.A brief introduction to the research method.C.A further explanation for the research results.D.Detailed information about the research process.7.What may be the attitude of the cricket farmers towards the girls solution？_ A.Doubtful.B.Opposed.C.Supp
17、ortive.D.Indifferent.CKobe Bryant is no doubt a legend.How did he do it？Simply put his work principle.He showed up to training every day，no excuses.Without a doubt，it is quite evident that Kobes desire for success was directly correlated with his work principle.Kobe Bryants work principle is what he
18、lped him become the legend he is today.But what also must be understood about Kobe Bryant is that he was relentless（不停的；严格的）.He had a mental toughness and steely focus that was driven by his competitiveness.In short，Kobe wanted to be the best，and would do whatever it took to achieve this mental goal
19、.If he had a weakness in one area，he would commit to mastering that weakness.If there was a lack of strength in his shot，he would get to work exhausting all options to correct that lack of strength，researching and then applying the routines that instructed him on how to get stronger.Similarly，if his
20、 weakness was a lack of speed，he would put in the time and effort to overcome the limitation.And there lies his secret to success.The willingness to learn and then apply what he learned to move himself closer to his goals.When I am retired，I dont want to have to say I wish I would have done more.I d
21、ont want that.Kobe Bryant.As such，Kobe Bryants success principle can be summarized as a relentless focus on the end result.The great news is the ability to be relentless is in all of you.8.According to the author，what makes Kobe Bryant a legend？_ A.Kobe Bryants distinguished characters.B.Kobe Bryant
22、s attitudes towards his work.C.Kobe Bryants methods of everyday training.D.Kobe Bryants willingness to learn new things.9.What does the underlined wordover-the-topin Paragraph 2 probably mean？_ A.Potential.B.Temporary.C.Apparent.D.Extraordinary.10.What does the author want to show best by telling th
23、e story of Kobe Bryant？_ A.A slow sparrow should make an early start.B.All things are difficult before they are easy.C.Success results from consistent efforts.D.Confidence is the first step on the road to success.11.Which of the following best describes Kobe Bryant？_ A.Self-disciplined and hard-work
24、ing.B.Confident and humble.C.Positive and considerate.D.Selfless and energetic.DFor a few seconds on a sunny afternoon last April，renewables broke a record for Californias main electric network，providing enough power to supply 94.5%of demand.The moment was praised as a milestone on the path to decar
25、bonisation（脱碳）.But what happens when the sunsets and the winds stop？Handling the varied power production of renewables will require cheap storage for hours or even days at a time.New types of iron-based batteries might be up to the task.Many firms are engaged in developing these kinds of batteries.O
26、regon-based ESS，whose batteries can store energy for between four and twelve hours，launched its first network-scale projects in 2021.Massachusetts-based Form Energy，which raised 240 million in 2021，has batteries that store power for up to 100 hours.Its first installation will be a one-megawatt（兆瓦）pi
27、lot plant in Minnesota，planned to be completed in 2023.Both companies rely on batteries that use iron，one of the most abundant materials on the planet.This means that their offerings could eventually be cheaper than other network storage candidates.Form says its batteries could eventually cost just
28、20 per kilowatt-hour，lower than even optimistic predictions for lithium-ion（锂离子）batteries in the next several decades.There are still challenges to address：iron batteries typically have low efficiency，meaning a good part of the energy thats put into them cant be recovered.Unwanted side reactions can
29、 also degrade them over time.But if iron-based batteries can be applied widely，at a low enough cost，they could help power more of the world with renewable energy.12.What is the authors purpose of raising a question in the first paragraph？_ A.To introduce the topic of the article.B.To support the top
30、ic of this paragraph.C.To highlight the importance of energy.D.To inspire more scientists to study.13.How does the author develop Paragraph 3？_ A.By making classifications.B.By analysing cause and effect.C.By giving examples.D.By explaining definitions.14.What do we know about the iron-based batteri
31、es in the passage？_ A.They are bound to quickly replace all the existing batteries.B.They are of great help in spite of several unknown weaknesses.C.They are believed to be applied more widely in the remote areas.D.They are expected to supply more energy at a much lower cost.15.Which of the followin
32、g can be the best title for the text？_ A.Competition：Two Battery CompaniesB.Possibility：Long-lasting Network BatteriesC.Challenge：New Battery with Low EfficiencyD.Milestone：Success in DecarbonisationHow to Learn from Your RegretsRegrets benefits dont come to us by chance.(1).Here are three steps you
33、 can take the next time you find yourself thinking carefully about your past missteps.Kill the ghost（鬼魂）.People often say their regrets keep coming to their mind.This suggests that regret is like a ghost.Bring your ghost out of the shadows by making a list of your regrets.Write down why each one sti
34、ll bothers you and its bad effects.(2).Forgive yourself.(3)，but sometimes you just cant stop blaming yourself.Perhaps you dropped out of school decades ago and are constantly calculating today how much money you would be making if you had pressed on to graduation.Now is the time to declare：I will no
35、t waste my life reliving a decision that cannot be changed.Collect your diploma.Regret is like a school run by human nature.If you never experienced regret，you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities.(4).Next，list all the ways that you can invest in your own skills
36、 and improvement right now and get started.Regrets may hurt.(5)，while trying to live without them is a lost opportunity to grow.Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains.To live it well and fully means learning from every bit of it，including the mistakes，and moving forward.A.After you make a mis
37、take，life moves on B.Filling your mind with them is destructive C.The ghost certainly doesnt rule a persons life D.We have to seek them out on purpose to improve ourselves E.You will find that a list is a lot less frightening than a ghost F.You choose a life sentence for a poor decision you made in
38、the past G.If you let regret teach，you can note how you want to change your behavior16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.G20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.EF.FG.GTempo（节奏）runs scare me.Those long and hard efforts always look impossible when I see them on pap
39、er.I remember one 50-minute run(21).I saw it on my training plan and immediately created a laundry list of(22)for why this was just not going to work，why I wasnt fit enough，why I wouldnt(23)why I would fail.Before I even laced up my shoes，Id already(24)myself I couldnt do this.Instead of using the w
40、arm-up to find my pace，(25)for success，and get excited to make the best of it，I adopted a(26)mind set（心态），revisited my list of excuses and(27)further into the bad-attitude trap.I quit the workout(28)even before I started.After that，I shortened more workouts and my fitness moved backwards soon.The(29
41、)，I realized，was that I treated my entire training plan like a tempo run hard，fast and(30).I felt that if I didnt hit a workout early，I wouldnt be able to(31).I realized I needed to treat my training like my favourite(32)：the long run.I love settling into a relaxed pace，enjoying the route and(33)on
42、only one goal finishing.I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still end(34).Now，when I set a new goal and(35)a new training plan，I have what I callthe long-run mindset.Im not(36)for immediate results，as I have been in the past.I(37)more about the big picture and my long-term goals as a
43、(38).Yes，there is still an important place for hard，fast tempo runs，but I have(39)my attitude，to think bigger than short-term(40)and instead work toward lifelong success.21.A.by accidentB.in particularC.at randomD.in advance22.A.plansB.requirementsC.excusesD.questions23.A.finishB.fleeC.stopD.hesitat
44、e24.A.recalledB.convincedC.warnedD.instructed25.A.argueB.chargeC.begD.prepare26.A.strangersB.conquerorsC.survivor sD.losers27.A.setB.brokeC.fellD.looked28.A.mentallyB.graduallyC.hopefullyD.excitedly29.A.lessonB.doubtC.problemD.consequence30.A.perfectB.strictC.simpleD.inspiring31.A.give inB.settle do
45、wnC.back offD.catch up32.A.workoutB.programC.testD.propose33.A.dependingB.tryingC.focusingD.turning34.A.awfulB.silentC.strongD.sad35.A.reviewB.writeC.crossD.ignore36.A.desperateB.gratefulC.sorryD.fit37.A.worryB.hearC.argueD.care38.A.teacherB.runnerC.coachD.viewer39.A.acceptedB.examinedC.completedD.c
46、hanged40.A.outcomesB.memoriesC.cooperationsD.predictions41.The(1)（tradition）Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms.More than 2，000 years ago，ancient Chinese people created this overall framework to mark the annual passage of time(2)（base）on observations of the suns movement.(3)1
47、6th solar term of the year，Autumn Equinox（秋分），falls on Sept.23 this year and ends on Oct.7.It lies at the midpoint of autumn，(4)（divide）autumn into two equal parts.After it，the location of direct sunlight moves to the south，making days shorter and nights(5)（long）in the northern hemisphere（半球）.In anc
48、ient China，people threw arrows into pots to welcome Autumn Equinox.Hosts would invite guests(6)（throw）arrows into a pot at a distance with their hands.Players(7)arrows failed to make the pot had to drink wine as a(8)（punish）.Today，Chinese people would celebrate it in many ways，such(9)holding harvest
49、 festivals，eating Qiucai（an autumn vegetable）and crab（螃蟹），enjoying beautiful flowers，and sacrificing to the moon.That day，there are thousands of people in the world trying to make eggs stand on their ends.This Chinese custom(10)（become）a game of the world already.Eggs that are 4 or 5 days old are be
50、st for this game.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。In every experiment class，our teacher teaches us a
51、 interesting experiment.Today，the teacher shows us how to make a candle burn underwater.It was like magic，interesting and amazing.The teacher first explained the scientific principle behind the experiment and wanted us remember it.After take notes，under the guidance of our teacher，we carefully put t
52、he candle into the water or lit it.Finally，everyone successful completed the experiment.We were so exciting.No sooner had we finished the experiment that we surrounded our teacher cheerfully.As we all know it，having the scientific experiment class enable students to learn a lot of wonderful scientif
53、ic knowledge.43.你校将以四月十二日世界航天日为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.太空探索的重要性；2.你的期待。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2.短文的题目和首句已为你写好。Space Exploration Lights up DreamsApril 12 was officially named by the UN in 2011 as World Space Day._(1)(2)答案和解析13.【答案】A、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据 Lares and Royal Inca Trail，Peru 部分The Inca Trail to
54、Macchu Picchu is unquestionably one of South Americas greatest one.（前往马丘比丘的印加小径无疑是南美洲最伟大的小径之一。）如果他沿着印加小道走，人们能到达马丘比丘。故选 A。（2）细节理解题。根据 Monteverde Cloud Forest Reserve，Costa Rica 部分The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the areas s
55、triking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.（该保护区有一系列标志清晰的小径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢速步行的人，他们有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行一天的徒步旅行。）可知人们在蒙特维德云林保护区能看到迷人的野生动物。故选 B。（3）推理判断题。根据每一部分的 Lares and Royal Inca Trail，a guided three-day trip in the Lares region（Lares 和 Royal Inca Trail 是 Lar
56、es 地区的三天导游之旅）；The reserve has a series of well-marked paths ideal for those keen on an easy slow walk with the chance to see the areas striking birds and plants up close without having to pack for a multi-day hike.（该保护区有一系列标志清晰的小径，非常适合那些喜欢轻松慢速步行的人，他们有机会近距离观赏该地区引人注目的鸟类和植物，而无需打包进行一天的徒步旅行）；Irelands Din
57、gle Way trail can be completed in around eight days.（爱尔兰的丁格尔之路（Dingle Way）小径可以在大约八天内完成）；The 11-day Armenia and the Silk Road trip takes in some of its finest routes（为期 11 天的亚美尼亚和丝绸之路之旅采用了一些最好的路线）。可知 Armenia and the Silk Road 旅行花费的时间最长。故选 D。本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四条世界上最好的远足径。47.【答案】D、A、D、C【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段 T
58、wo 18-year-old girls，Jrasnatt and Marisa，learned about a major challenge faced by the cricket（蟋蟀）farmers.Bigger crickets often attack the smaller ones.When attacked，a cricket will cut off its own legs to escape.But after abandoning a leg，this animal will often die or becomes less valuable to buyers.
59、（两个 18 岁的女孩，Jrasnatt 和Marisa，了解到蟋蟀养殖户面临的主要挑战。大蟋蟀经常攻击小蟋蟀。当受到攻击时，蟋蟀会切断自己的腿逃跑。但丢弃一条腿后，这种动物通常会死亡，或者对买家来说变得不那么值钱。）可知女孩们决定解决蟋蟀养殖户的问题是总是有蟋蟀受伤和死亡。故选 D。（2）推理判断题。根据第三段We see theyre growing every day and take notes on whats happening，says Marisa.Were like the parents of the crickets.Throughout，the teens kept t
60、rack of the crickets.（我们看到它们每天都在增长，并记录下正在发生的事情，玛丽莎说。我们就像蟋蟀的父母。在整个过程中，青少年一直在跟踪蟋蟀。）可知我们能从女孩的研究工作中了解到他们认真地进行了研究。故选 A。（3）段落大意题。根据第四段 Crickets eyes are adapted to only see in green and blue light.So，in red light，the world would always look dark.Without being able to see，they are more likely to hit each o
61、ther.That results in crickets losing legs.Besides，crickets are more attracted to blue light than green light，which pulls them closer together and leads to more fights.In the green light box，the crickets were most likely to mind their own business and avoid struggle.（蟋蟀的眼睛适应于只看绿光和蓝光。所以，在红光下，世界看起来总是黑暗
62、的。在看不见的情况下，它们更容易互相撞击。这导致蟋蟀失去了腿。此外，蟋蟀更喜欢蓝光而不是绿光，这使它们靠得更近，导致更多的打斗。在绿色灯箱里，蟋蟀最可能管好自己的事，避免争斗。）可知第 4 段的主要内容是有关研究过程的详细信息。故选 D。（4）观点态度题。根据最后一段Creating a green-light world for crickets is a solution that could be brought to the farms.Jrasnatt and Marisa are already in talks with the farmers.Those farmers pla
63、n to try out green lighting to see ifit will boost their profits.（为蟋蟀创造一个绿灯世界是一个可以带到农场的解决方案。Jrasnatt和 Marisa 已经在与农民进行谈判。这些农民计划尝试绿色照明，看看是否会提高他们的利润。）可知蟋蟀养殖户对女孩的解决方案可能持支持的态度。故选 C。本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了两个女孩为了解决蟋蟀养殖户所面临的蟋蟀容易死伤的问题所做出的努力。811.【答案】B、D、C、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段 Kobe Bryants work principle is what helped
64、him become the legend he is today.（科比布莱恩特的工作原则帮助他成为了今天的传奇人物。）可知根据作者的说法，是科比对他的工作态度让科比成为传奇。故选 B。（2）词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子He had a mental toughness and steely focus that was driven by hiscompetitiveness.（他有着坚强的精神和钢铁般的专注力，这是由他过度的竞争所驱动的。）可知划线词的意思是过度的。A.Potential；有潜力的；B.Temporary 暂时的；C.Apparent 明显的；D.Extraordin
65、ary杰出的，不一般的。故选 D。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 As such，Kobe Bryants success principle can be summarized as a relentless focus on the end result.The great news is the ability to be relentless is in all of you.（因此，科比-布莱恩特的成功原则可以总结为对最终结果的不懈关注。好消息是，你们所有人都有坚持不懈的能力。）可知作者想通过讲述科比的故事来展示成功源于持续的努力。故选 C。（4）推理判断题。根据第一段 Kobe B
66、ryant is no doubt a legend.How did he do it？Simply put his work principle.He showed up to training every day，no excuses.（科比布莱恩特无疑是一位传奇人物。他是怎么做到的？简单地说，他的工作原理。他每天都去训练，没有借口。）可知科比是自律和勤奋的。故选 A。本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了科比对待工作的态度以及其取得的成功。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的
67、现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。1215.【答案】A、C、D、C【解析】（1）写作目的题。根据第一段结尾处The moment was praised as a milestone on the path to decarbonisation.But what happens when thesunsets and the winds stop？（这一时刻被誉为脱碳道路上的里程碑。但当日落和风停了会发生什么呢？）及第二段Handling the varied power production of renewables will require ch
68、eap storage for hours or evendays at a time.New types of iron-based batteries might be up to the task.（处理可再生能源的各种电力生产需要一次储存数小时甚至数天的廉价存储。新型的铁基电池或许可以胜任这一任务。）可知，作者在第一段介绍新能源的目的是为了引入话题，介绍文章的主题铁基电池。故选 A。（2）写作手法题。根据.Oregon-based ESS，whose batteries can store energy for between four and twelve hours，launche
69、d its first network-scale projects in 2021.Massachusetts-based Form Energy，which raised 240 million in 2021，has batteries that store power for up to 100 hours.（总部位于俄勒冈州的 ESS 公司的电池可以储存 4 到 12 小时的能量，该公司于 2021 年启动了第一个网络规模的项目。总部位于马萨诸塞州的 Form Energy 公司在 2021 年筹集了 2.4 亿美元，其电池可存储电力长达 100 小时。）可知，作者主要是通过举两个例
70、子来说明铁基电池的发展。故选 C。（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段末尾 But if iron-based batteries can be applied widely，at a low enough cost，they could help power more of the world with renewable energy.（但是，如果铁基电池能够以足够低的成本广泛应用，它们可以帮助世界上更多的地方使用可再生能源。）可知，铁基电池被希望以更低价格提供更多人使用。故选 D。（4）标题归纳题。通读全文及根据最后一段开头 There are still challenges to addr
71、ess：iron batteries typically have low efficiency，meaning a good part of the energy thats put into them cant be recovered.（但仍有挑战需要解决：铁电池通常效率较低，这意味着投入其中的大部分能量无法回收。）可知，这篇文章主要说明可再生能源的低效率储蓄问题并提出了使用新型的铁基电池来解决。C 选项 Challenge：New Battery with Low Efficiency（挑战：低效率的新电池）故选 C。本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明可再生能源的低效率储蓄问题并提出了使用
72、新型的铁基电池来解决。1620.【答案】G、E、A、F、D【解析】（1）联系上下文。根据前文 Regrets benefits dont come to us by chance.（后悔不会偶然让我们有收获）可知后文是说如果我们要从后悔中学习到知识，那就要改变我们的行为，G 项如果你让后悔教会你，你可以注意到你想要如何改变自己的行为符合语境。故选 G。（2）联系上下文。根据前文 Bring your ghost out of the shadows by making a list of your regrets.（把后悔的事写下来可以赶走后悔带来的阴影。）可知后文是说当我们写下后悔的事情之后
73、就可以减轻害怕感，E 项你会发现清单远没有鬼可怕符合语境。故选 E。（3）联系上下文。根据后文 sometimes you just cant stop blaming yourself（有时不能停止指责自己）可知在犯错之后，生活仍然要继续，你不能一直抱怨自己，A 项在你犯错之后，生活还会继续符合语境。故选 A。（4）联系上下文。根据前文 you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities.（你一直犯同样的错误会失去成长的机会）所以你会一直犯同一个错误，F 项你为自己过去的错误决定选择了无
74、期徒刑符合语境。故选 F。（5）联系上下文。根据前文 Regrets may hurt.（后悔使人痛苦）可知你一直抱怨自己，你会失去成长的机会，可知我们要把错误找出来才能提升自己，D 项我们必须有意识地寻找它们来提高自己符合语境。故选 D。后悔带来的好处不是偶然的，本文介绍了下次发现自己在仔细思考过去的错误时，可以采取的三个步骤来使自己从后悔中学习。2140.【答案】B、C、A、B、D、D、C、A、C、B、D、A、C、C、B、A、D、B、D、A【解析】（1）考查固定短语及语境理解。A.by accident 偶然地；B.in particular 特别是；C.at random 随意地；D.i
75、n advance 提前。根据下句I saw it on my training plan and immediately created a laundry list of（2）for why this was just not going to work，why I wasnt fit enough，why I wouldnt（3）why I would fail.可知我在我的训练计划上看到了它，并立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成-为什么我会失败。说明我特别记得一次 50 分钟的跑步。故答案为 B。（2）考查名词及语境理解。A.plans 计划；
76、B.requirements 要求；C.excuses 借口；D.questions问题。根据空后 for why this was just not going to work，why I wasnt fit enough，why I wouldnt（3）why I would fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。故答案为 C。（3）考查动词及语境理解。A.finish 完成；B.flee 逃跑；C.stop 停止；D.hesitate 犹豫。根据下句 why I would fail.可知为什么我会失败。说明我不能完成这次训练。故答案
77、为 A。（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.recalled 回忆；B.convinced 信服；C.warned 警告；D.instructed命令。根据下句 I couldnt do this 可知在我系好鞋带之前，我已经说服自己我做不到。故答案为 B。（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.argue 争论；B.charge 索要；C.beg 乞求；D.prepare 准备。根据下句 and get excited to make the best of it 可知利用热身找到我的节奏，为成功做好准备，并兴奋地充分利用这次训练。故答案为 D。（6）考查名词所有格及语境理解。A.strangers 陌生人
78、的；B.conquerors 征服者的；C.survivor s 幸存者的；D.losers 失败者的。根据前文 why I would fail.可知为什么我会失败。说明自己是一个失败者。故答案为 D。（7）考查动词及语境理解。A.set 设定；B.broke 打破；C.fell 倒下；D.looked 看。根据前文I saw it on my training plan and immediately created a laundry list of（2）for why this was just not going to work，why I wasnt fit enough，why
79、I wouldnt（3）why I would fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。说明我更深地陷入了态度恶劣的陷阱。故答案为 C。（8）考查副词及语境理解。A.mentally 精神上；B.gradually 逐渐地；C.hopefully 有希望地；D.excitedly 兴奋地。I saw it on my training plan and immediately created a laundry list of（2）for why this was just not going to work，why I wasnt fit
80、enough，why I wouldnt（3）why I would fail.可知立即列出了一长串借口，解释为什么这样不行，为什么我不够健康，为什么我不能完成。说明在精神上已经被打败了。故答案为 A。（9）考查名词及语境理解。A.lesson 课；B.doubt 怀疑；C.problem 问题；D.consequence 结果。根据下句 I treated my entire training plan like a tempo run hard，fast and（10）.可知问题是我对待我的整个训练计划就像一次节奏跑-困难、快速、严格。故答案为 C。（10）考查形容词及语境理解。A.per
81、fect 完美的；B.strict 严格的；C.simple 简单的；D.inspiring令人鼓舞的。根据空前 hard，fast 可知训练是-困难、快速、严格的。故答案为 B。（11）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.give in 屈服；B.settle down 定居；C.back off 后退；D.catch up 赶上。根据上句 I felt that if I didnt hit a workout early 可知我觉得如果我不早点锻炼，我就赶不上了。故答案为 D。（12）考查名词及语境理解。A.workout 训练；B.program 计划；C.test 检测；D.propose
82、建议。根据下句 I love settling into a relaxed pace，enjoying the route and（13）on only one goal finishing.可知我喜欢以一种放松的节奏安顿下来，享受旅程，专注于一个目标-完成。说明我有自己的训练计划。故答案为 A。（13）考查动词及语境理解。A.depending 依靠；B.trying 尝试；C.focusing 专注于；D.turning转向。根据空后 on only one goal 可知专注于一个目标-完成。故答案为 C。（14）考查形容词及语境理解。A.awful 糟糕的；B.silent 安静的；
83、C.strong 强壮的；D.sad 伤心的。根据空前 I love that I can have a bad mile in the middle and still 可知我喜欢我可以在中间有一英里糟糕的时候仍然坚强地结束。故答案为 C。（15）考查动词及语境理解。A.review 回顾；B.write 写；C.cross 穿过；D.ignore 忽略。根据空后 a new training plan 可知写一个新的训练计划。故答案为 B。（16）考查形容词及语境理解。A.desperate 绝望的；B.grateful 感激的；C.sorry 抱歉的；D.fit健康的。我不像过去那样渴望
84、立竿见影的效果。be desperate for 渴望。故答案为 A。（17）考查动词及语境理解。A.worry 担心；B.hear 听到；C.argue 争论；D.care 在乎。作为一名跑步者，我更关心大局和我的长期目标。care about 在乎。故答案为 D。（18）考查名词及语境理解。A.teacher 老师；B.runner 跑步者；C.coach 教练；D.viewer 观看者。根据前文 I remember one 50-minute run（1）.可知我特别记得一次 50 分钟的跑步。说明我是一篇跑步者。故答案为 B。（19）考查动词及语境理解。A.accepted 接受；B
85、.examined 检查；C.completed 完成；D.changed改变。根据后文 nstead work toward lifelong success.可知是的，高强度、快节奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已经改变了我的态度，去想比短期结果更重要的事情，而是朝着终身的成功努力。故答案为 D。（20）考查名词及语境理解。A.outcomes 后果；B.memories 记忆；C.cooperations 合作；D.predictions 预测。是的，高强度、快节奏的跑步仍然有重要的位置，但是我已经改变了我的态度，去想比短期结果更重要的事情，而是朝着终身的成功努力。故答案为 A。本文是一
86、篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在练习跑步的过程中心态的变化。41.【答案】【小题 1】traditional【小题 2】based【小题 3】The【小题 4】dividing【小题 5】longer【小题 6】to throw【小题 7】whose【小题 8】punishment【小题 9】as【小题 10】has become【解析】（1）考查形容词。句意：中国传统的农历将一年分为 24 个节气。此处用形容词作定语修饰名词 Chinese lunar calendar，故填 traditional。（2）考查过去分词。句意：2000 多年前，古代中国人根据对太阳运动的观察，创造了这个整体框架，以
87、纪念每年的时间流逝。此处为非谓语动词作状语，annual passage of time 与 base之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，故填 based。（3）考查冠词。句意：今年的第 16 个节气，秋分，是今年 9 月 23 日，10 月 7 日结束。序数词前面用定冠词，且首字母大写，故填 The。（4）考查现在分词。句意：它位于秋天的中点，把秋天分成两个相等的部分。此处为非谓语动词作状语，it 与 divide 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填 dividing。（5）考查比较级。句意：之后，阳光直射的位置向南移动，使得北半球的白天变短，夜晚变长。结合句意和 shorter 可知
88、，此处用比较级，表示变长，故填 longer。（6）考查动词不定式。句意：主人会邀请客人用手向远处的罐子里扔箭。invite sb to do 表示邀请某人做某事，故填 to throw。（7）考查定语从句。句意：箭射不进壶的玩家必须喝葡萄酒作为惩罚。此处引导定语从句，先行词为 Players，在从句中作定语，故填 whose。（8）考查可数名词的单数。句意：箭射不进壶的玩家必须喝葡萄酒作为惩罚。结合句意和a 可知，此处用名词的单数形式，故填 punishment。（9）考查固定结构。句意：今天，中国人会以多种方式庆祝它，比如举行丰收节，吃秋菜和螃蟹，欣赏美丽的花朵，以及祭祀月亮。such a
89、s 表示比如符合句意，故填 as。（10）考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：这种中国习俗已经成为世界的游戏。结合句意和already 可知，句子用现在完成时，主语为 This Chinese custom，谓语动词用三单形式，故填has become。本文为说明文，主要讲述了秋分的习俗。42.【答案】In every experiment class，our teacher teaches usinteresting experiment.Today，the teacherus how to make a candle burn underwater.It was like magic，inter
90、esting and amazing.The teacher first explained the scientific principle behind the experimentand wanted us remember it.Afternotes，under the guidance of our teacher，we carefully put the candle into the waterlit it.Finally，everyonecompleted the experiment.We were so.No sooner had we finished the exper
91、imentwe surrounded our teacher cheerfully.As we all know it，having the scientific experiment classstudents to learn a lot of wonderful scientific knowledge.（1）考查不定冠词。句意：在每节实验课上，老师都教我们一个有趣的实验。experiment是可数名词，单数形式前加不定冠词 a/an 表示泛指，因 interesting 读音以发辅/元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an。故 a 改为 an。（2）考查动词时态。句意：今天，老师向我们展示了如何
92、让蜡烛在水下燃烧。因事情已发生，要用一般过去时。故 shows 改为 showed。（3）考查动词不定式。句意：老师首先解释了实验背后的科学原理，并要我们记住它。want sb.to do sth.要某人做某事，是固定搭配。故 us 后加 to。（4）考查动名词。句意：记完笔记后，在老师的指导下，我们小心翼翼地把蜡烛放在水里点燃。After 是介词，后接动词时用动名词形式。故 take 改为 taking。（5）考查连词。句意：记完笔记后，在老师的指导下，我们小心翼翼地把蜡烛放在水里点燃。put the candle into the water 和 lit it 之间是顺承关系，用连词 an
93、d 连接。故 or 改为 and。（6）考查副词。句意：最后，每个人都成功地完成了实验。completed 是动词，要用副词successfully 修饰，successful 是形容词。故 successful 改为 successfully。（7）考查过去分词。句意：我们都很兴奋。be 动词后接形容词作表语，过去分词作表语，多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化，其主语多半是人。现在分词作表语主要表示事物本身的性质和特征。故 exciting 改为 excited。（8）考查固定搭配。句意：我们刚做完实验，就兴高采烈地把老师团团围住。no sooner.than在句首时为固定的倒装结构，
94、表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，在汉语中译为一就。故 that 改为 than。（9）考查定语从句。句意：我们都知道，上科学实验课能让学生学到很多奇妙的科学知识。关系代词 as 在从句中作动词 know 的宾语，其先行词是后面的句子，it 是多余的，要去掉。故去掉 know 后 it。（10）考查主谓一致。句意：我们都知道，上科学实验课能让学生学到很多奇妙的科学知识。因表示的是一般事实，要用一般现在时，主语 the scientific experiment class 是动名词短语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故 enable 改为 enables。【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者上实验
95、课的过程和感受。老师向学生们展示了如何让蜡烛在水下燃烧，并解释了实验背后的科学原理。在老师的指导下，学生们小心翼翼地把蜡烛放在水里点燃，每个人都成功地完成了实验，上科学实验课能让学生学到很多奇妙的科学知识。43.【答案】【小题 1】Space Exploration Lights up DreamsApril 12 was officially named by the UN in 2011 as World Space Day.We observe this day to inspire more people to learn scientific knowledge and genera
96、te innovative ideas about space.The space exploration is essential for us.It has made a difference in fighting world hunger.（四月十二日世界航天日）The satellite data on weather patterns has helped farmers grow more food.Besides，many space experiments have promoted incredible products like organ monitors and digital cameras for us and we will learn how to live in a different environment.【高分句型一】（太空探索的重要性）Our progress in space exploration gives me hope and inspires me to make contributions to it.I dream of people living in the space one day and building a shared community there.【高分句型二】（你的期待）
