1、Unit 4Astronomy：the science of the starsSection Learning about Language & Using Language.单句语法填空1What does the model plane look like?Well，the wings of the plane are more than twice the_(long) of its body. 2Look！There is something strange_(float) on the water. 3A man came in and put a big vase on the
2、table _(gentle) 4It is wellknown that Newton was a famous_(physics) 5_(like) most people in the office who come to work by car，I usually come to work by bus. 6We live in a_ (globe) village，but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way. 7Do remember watch out _cars while crossing the street
3、.Got it. 8_(cheerful) up！You must believe in yourself and you will get success. 9What do you think of French?In my opinion，French is as difficult a subject_English. 10Students should find more time to get close _nature which can encourage their creativity. .阅读理解ASome_people are like homing pigeons：D
4、rop them off anywhere，and theyll find their way around.Other people，though，cant tell when theyre holding a map upside down.Are the directionally challenged just bad learners?Not all of your navigational (导航的) skills are learned.Research shows that your sense of direction is innate.An innate ability
5、is something you are born with.Your brain has special navigational neuronsheaddirection cells，place cells，and grid cells (网格细胞)and they help program your inside compass (指南针) when youre just a baby.In 2010，scientists carried out an experiment to study baby rats neural activity in their brains.Althou
6、gh the rats were newborns，the researchers discovered that their headdirection cells (which help them recognize the direction theyre facing) were fully grown and developed.The rats，it seemed，were born with a sense of direction.And they hadnt even opened their eyes yet!Humans，of course，are not rats.Bu
7、t the hippocampusthe brain area we use for navigationis similar in most mammals (哺乳动物)If the rats compass develops this way，then its likely that a humans compass does，too.If were born with a sense of direction，then why are some people so good at getting lost？The scientists found that the two other c
8、ellsplace and grid cellsdeveloped within the first month.Place cells are thought to help us form a map in our mind，while grid cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places.The two cells work together，and thats where the trouble might be.People who took part in a 2013 study played a video game tha
9、t required them to travel quickly between different places.Monitoring (监测) their brains，the scientists found that grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they wereeven without landmarks.According to researcher Michael Kahana，differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some people ha
10、ve a better sense of direction than others. 1The underlined words “Some people” refer to those who _.Aare bad learnersBlove homing pigeonsClike using maps to navigateDhave a good sense of direction 2What did the 2010 research find?ARats have a natural ability to recognize directions.BRats hippocampu
11、s is different from that of humans.CRats usually find their way without opening their eyes.DBaby rats have as many headdirection cells as grownups. 3Why are some people so good at getting lost?AThey cant remember landmarks.BTheir grid cells cant work very well.CThey are unfamiliar with new places.DT
12、heir ability to follow directions is poor. 4What is the text mainly about?AHuman navigational skills.BThe compass in rats body.CWhy grid cells are useful.DHow homing pigeons work. BDear young musicians，Thank you for agreeing to take part in our Music Day.The whole idea of the day is for music studen
13、ts around the area to meet other players and receive expert (专家般的) teaching from our guests，six professional players.In the evening，you will perform the pieces you have worked on during the day at a concert which your friends and family can attend (参加)After you have registered (注册) at the reception，
14、go to the main hall.First，there will be a short performance by our professional musicians who are joining us for the day.After this you will go into your classes to practice on your own instruments for the evening concert.There will also be a chance to experiment with a different instrument from the
15、 one you normally play，and see if you enjoy playing something more unusualwe have several instruments to choose from!The first part of the day will finish at 5 pm，when parents can collect students.For those remaining in the hall until the evening concert at 7 pm，there will be DVDs for you to watch，a
16、lthough you should also bring something to do while you are waiting.A change of clothes is required for the eveningblack trousers or a skirt and white topso unless you are going home at 5 pm，you will need to have this with you at the start of the day.If for whatever reason you cannot attend the even
17、ing concert，you must tell us as soon as possible，as we need to know numbers in order to prepare the stage.We look forward to seeing you at the Young Peoples Music Day. 5What can students do on Music Day?AThey can have dinner with experts.BThey can receive professional advice.CThey can play with prof
18、essional players.DThey can meet worldfamous musicians. 6To attend the concert，students must_.Aarrive at 5：00 in the afternoonBtake one of their family membersCplay five pieces of music eachDwear black trousers or a skirt and white top 7What is the purpose of this text?ATo introduce Music Day.BTo inv
19、ite students to a concert.CTo put up a notice about Music Day.DTo encourage students to love music. .七选五Worry problems are everywhere in our daily life.How to solve them？The answer is that we must equip ourselves to deal with different kinds of worries by learning the three basic steps of problem an
20、alysis.The three steps are：Get the factsWhy is it so important to get the facts？Unless you have the facts，you cant possibly attempt to solve your problem intelligently.Without the facts，all you can do is wondering around in confusion.It is not an easy job to get facts.When you are worried，your emoti
21、ons are riding high._1_When trying to get the facts，you can pretend that you are collecting this information not for yourself but for some other person._2_You can also pretend that you are a lawyer preparing to agree.Try to get all the facts both on your side and the other side of the case.You will
22、generally find the truth lies somewhere in between._3_Whenever you are worried，write down the questions that make you worry.And write out all the various steps you could take and then the probable consequences of each step.For example，what am I worrying about？What can I do about it？Here is what Im g
23、oing to do about it.After carefully weighing all the facts，you can calmly come to a decision.Act on that decision_4_How can you break the worry habit before it breaks you？Crowd worry out of your mind by keeping busy.Plenty of action is one of the best ways to cure worry._5_If you know a situation is
24、 beyond your power，say to yourself：“It is so；it cant be otherwise.” Dont permit little things to ruin your happiness.Try to cultivate a mental attitude that will bring you peace and happiness.AAccept what cant be avoided.BAnalyze the facts.CThere comes a time when you must decide and never look back
25、.DBut here are two ideas that can help you see the facts in a clear and objective way.EUnless you take your action，all your factsfindings and analysisare a sheer waste of energy.FDecide how much anxiety a thing may be worth.GThis will help you to take a cold and fair view of the evidence. 课时作业(十五)Un
26、it 4Astronomy：the science of the stars 答案Section Learning about Language & Using Language .单句语法填空1What does the model plane look like?Well，the wings of the plane are more than twice the_(long) of its body.答案：length2Look！There is something strange_(float) on the water.答案：floating3A man came in and pu
27、t a big vase on the table _(gentle)答案：gently4It is wellknown that Newton was a famous_(physics)答案：physicist5_(like) most people in the office who come to work by car，I usually come to work by bus.答案：Unlike6We live in a_ (globe) village，but this doesnt mean that we all behave in the same way.答案：globa
28、l7Do remember watch out _cars while crossing the street.Got it.答案：for8_(cheerful) up！You must believe in yourself and you will get success.答案：Cheer9What do you think of French?In my opinion，French is as difficult a subject_English.答案：as10Students should find more time to get close _nature which can
29、encourage their creativity.答案：to.阅读理解ASome_people are like homing pigeons：Drop them off anywhere，and theyll find their way around.Other people，though，cant tell when theyre holding a map upside down.Are the directionally challenged just bad learners?Not all of your navigational (导航的) skills are learn
30、ed.Research shows that your sense of direction is innate.An innate ability is something you are born with.Your brain has special navigational neuronsheaddirection cells，place cells，and grid cells (网格细胞)and they help program your inside compass (指南针) when youre just a baby.In 2010，scientists carried
31、out an experiment to study baby rats neural activity in their brains.Although the rats were newborns，the researchers discovered that their headdirection cells (which help them recognize the direction theyre facing) were fully grown and developed.The rats，it seemed，were born with a sense of direction
32、.And they hadnt even opened their eyes yet!Humans，of course，are not rats.But the hippocampusthe brain area we use for navigationis similar in most mammals (哺乳动物)If the rats compass develops this way，then its likely that a humans compass does，too.If were born with a sense of direction，then why are so
33、me people so good at getting lost？The scientists found that the two other cellsplace and grid cellsdeveloped within the first month.Place cells are thought to help us form a map in our mind，while grid cells help us navigate new and unfamiliar places.The two cells work together，and thats where the tr
34、ouble might be.People who took part in a 2013 study played a video game that required them to travel quickly between different places.Monitoring (监测) their brains，the scientists found that grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they wereeven without landmarks.According to researcher Michael Ka
35、hana，differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some people have a better sense of direction than others.语篇解读本文是说明文。科学家发现，有些人方向感好是因为他们的网格细胞更加发达。1The underlined words “Some people” refer to those who _.Aare bad learnersBlove homing pigeonsClike using maps to navigateDhave a good sense of
36、 direction解析：篇章结构题，根据划线部分后的are like homing pigeons：Drop them off anywhere，and theyll find their way around可知，Some people指的是那些方向感好的人。答案：D2What did the 2010 research find?ARats have a natural ability to recognize directions.BRats hippocampus is different from that of humans.CRats usually find their wa
37、y without opening their eyes.DBaby rats have as many headdirection cells as grownups.解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的The rats，it seemed，were born with a sense of direction可知，老鼠天生就有辨别方向的能力。答案：A3Why are some people so good at getting lost?AThey cant remember landmarks.BTheir grid cells cant work very well.CThey are u
38、nfamiliar with new places.DTheir ability to follow directions is poor.解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段末句The two cells work together，and thats where the trouble might be和最后一段中的grid cells helped the gamers recognize where they wereeven without landmarks，differences in how grid cells work may help explain why some peo
39、ple have a better sense of direction than others可推测，有些人容易迷路是因为他们的网格细胞工作得不理想。答案：B4What is the text mainly about?AHuman navigational skills.BThe compass in rats body.CWhy grid cells are useful.DHow homing pigeons work.解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了为什么人类辨别方向的能力有所不同。答案：ABDear young musicians，Thank you for agre
40、eing to take part in our Music Day.The whole idea of the day is for music students around the area to meet other players and receive expert (专家般的) teaching from our guests，six professional players.In the evening，you will perform the pieces you have worked on during the day at a concert which your fr
41、iends and family can attend (参加)After you have registered (注册) at the reception，go to the main hall.First，there will be a short performance by our professional musicians who are joining us for the day.After this you will go into your classes to practice on your own instruments for the evening concer
42、t.There will also be a chance to experiment with a different instrument from the one you normally play，and see if you enjoy playing something more unusualwe have several instruments to choose from!The first part of the day will finish at 5 pm，when parents can collect students.For those remaining in
43、the hall until the evening concert at 7 pm，there will be DVDs for you to watch，although you should also bring something to do while you are waiting.A change of clothes is required for the eveningblack trousers or a skirt and white topso unless you are going home at 5 pm，you will need to have this wi
44、th you at the start of the day.If for whatever reason you cannot attend the evening concert，you must tell us as soon as possible，as we need to know numbers in order to prepare the stage.We look forward to seeing you at the Young Peoples Music Day.语篇解读 本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了“年轻人的音乐节”这一天的相关安排。5What can studen
45、ts do on Music Day?AThey can have dinner with experts.BThey can receive professional advice.CThey can play with professional players.DThey can meet worldfamous musicians.解析：细节理解题。 由第一段中的receive expert teaching from our guests，six professional players可知，在音乐节这天学生们会得到来自专业人士的指导，故选B项。答案：B6To attend the c
46、oncert，students must_.Aarrive at 5：00 in the afternoonBtake one of their family membersCplay five pieces of music eachDwear black trousers or a skirt and white top解析：细节理解题。 由第三段中的A change of clothes is required for the eveningblack trousers or a skirt and white top可知，D项说法正确。答案：D7What is the purpose
47、of this text?ATo introduce Music Day.BTo invite students to a concert.CTo put up a notice about Music Day.DTo encourage students to love music.解析：写作目的题。本文主要介绍了“年轻人的音乐节”这一天的相关安排，故选C项。答案：C.七选五Worry problems are everywhere in our daily life.How to solve them？The answer is that we must equip ourselves t
48、o deal with different kinds of worries by learning the three basic steps of problem analysis.The three steps are：Get the factsWhy is it so important to get the facts？Unless you have the facts，you cant possibly attempt to solve your problem intelligently.Without the facts，all you can do is wondering
49、around in confusion.It is not an easy job to get facts.When you are worried，your emotions are riding high._1_When trying to get the facts，you can pretend that you are collecting this information not for yourself but for some other person._2_You can also pretend that you are a lawyer preparing to agr
50、ee.Try to get all the facts both on your side and the other side of the case.You will generally find the truth lies somewhere in between._3_Whenever you are worried，write down the questions that make you worry.And write out all the various steps you could take and then the probable consequences of e
51、ach step.For example，what am I worrying about？What can I do about it？Here is what Im going to do about it.After carefully weighing all the facts，you can calmly come to a decision.Act on that decision_4_How can you break the worry habit before it breaks you？Crowd worry out of your mind by keeping bus
52、y.Plenty of action is one of the best ways to cure worry._5_If you know a situation is beyond your power，say to yourself：“It is so；it cant be otherwise.” Dont permit little things to ruin your happiness.Try to cultivate a mental attitude that will bring you peace and happiness.AAccept what cant be a
53、voided.BAnalyze the facts.CThere comes a time when you must decide and never look back.DBut here are two ideas that can help you see the facts in a clear and objective way.EUnless you take your action，all your factsfindings and analysisare a sheer waste of energy.FDecide how much anxiety a thing may be worth.GThis will help you to take a cold and fair view of the evidence.答案：1.D2.G3.B4.E5.A
