1、2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考模拟调研卷英语(二)英语测试卷共8页, 满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1. 答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上,2. 作答时, 务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。3. 考试结束后, 将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分 听力(共两节, 满分30分)做题时, 请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置
2、。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例: How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a bank.B. In a car.C. In a house.2. What does Lisas daughter do?A. Fix the table.B. Cook the dinner.C. Clean the dishes.3. Which job is the m
3、an interested in?A. Director.B. Manager.C. Doctor.4. How much should the woman pay for the bag?A. $105.B. $100.C. $95.5. What are they talking about?A. Homework.B. Computer.C. Books.第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题:
4、 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间, 每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。6. Why did the police pull the man over?A. Because of weather.B. Because of drinking.C. Because of speeding.7. What did the woman give the man finally?A. A warning.B. A ticket.C. A book.听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。8. For whom will the woman buy night cream?A. Her
5、 sister.B. Her mom.C. Herself.9. What does the woman think of the gift package?A. Priceless.B. Nice.C. useless.听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。10. What does the man invite the woman to do?A. Go swimming.B. Go running.C. Go skiing.11. What is the womans concern?A. The safety.B. The area.C. The fee.12. What is the
6、mans advice?A. Making a plan.B. Losing weight.C. Going training first.听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。13. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. A couple.B. Strangers.C. Classmates.14. Who wrote the book?A. Bob Dylan.B. Howard Sounes.C. Linda White.15. How many chapters does the book have?A. 12.B. 15.C.
7、 16.16. When will the man finish reading the book?A. By Friday.B. By Saturday.C. By Sunday.听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。17. For how long did children use to work a day in industrial countries?A. For 3 hours.B. For 8 hours.C. For 18 hours.18. How do the Inuits(因纽特人)punish their children?A. By making fun of the
8、m.B. By beating them.C. By forbidding them from going out.19. In which country can patents spank (打. . . . . . . 臀部)their children at home?A. France.B. America.C. Sweden.20. What is a plan for children in Sweden?A. To divorce from their parents.B. To be with their parents forever.C. To work for thei
9、r parents.第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ANew Stories Await Just for YouThe Origin of DiseaseCarolyn Merchant, JD & Christopher Merchant, MDContaining exciting information and thought, this book could help people find ways to improve
10、or avoid diseases that can dramatically change lives. Pulling medical knowledge together in an original way, it provides a new vision for understanding chronic(慢性的) disease, and challenges readers to think of chronic disease based on the root causes. For many people, medical books can be a hard barr
11、ier to jump. but this book is written in an accessible style and format, and contains information useful to the lay person, not just medical professionals.From Healing to HellW. H. Wall, JrFrom Healing to Hell is about the fall of a good and decent man and goes further to reveal the shocking details
12、 of how he was done a cruel injustice at the hands of a CIA government experiment with the drug LSDThe book tells the story of illegal activity by officials in power who operated in the name of protecting the country.The Stuff of MonumentsRichard ACrouseyLittle things occur regularly, forbidding us
13、to recognize their significance. What finally causes them to blossom into sweetness is their fading away. Through the stories in the book, it is shown that the seasons of our lives are made up of the stuff that went before. Nothing is truly lost. As one picture begins to fade, another begins to dawn
14、.There Are No Monsters HereBuffy BrinkleyA little boy is afraid to go to bed when his mother announces his bedtime. He believes there may be monsters hiding in his room. However, his fear doesnt stop him from trying to find them. What his decision creates is a doorway to acceptance and friendship. O
15、ut of fear comes delight, and the idea that what we see and how we initially judge a situation can be wrongthat what it takes to overcome our fears can sometimes be the best way to make a friend.1Who are the targeted readers of the book The Origin of Disease?AStudents preferring challenges.BPeople c
16、aring about their health.CResearchers in the chemistry lab.DDoctors in the emergency room.2Which book is most likely to be a collection of short stories?AThe Origin of Disease.BFrom Healing to Hell.CThe Stuff of Monuments.DThere Are No Monsters Here.3What brings the boy friendship in the last book?A
17、His innocence.BHis fear.CHis courage.DHis creativity.BA common remark in pieces about “kids these days and their social language” is “when did friend become a verb?” The answer is: sometime in the 1400s, if not earlier. In the earliest examples of the verb friend from the Oxford English Dictionary,
18、it just means “to make friends”. You could go to a place, and friend some people there. It also had the meaning of helping someone out, being a friend to them, e. g. , “Reports came that the King would friend Lauderdale,” an example from 1698. If you could friend someone, it was only natural, accord
19、ing to the productive rules of English word formation, that you could unfriend them, too. The word shows up in this example from 1659: “I hope, sir, that we are not mutually (相互的) un-friended by tis difference which has happened between us.”Hang out has been used as a verb for passing the time since
20、 at least the 1659s. In the Pickwick Papers(1837), Charles Dickens wrote: “I say, old boy, where do you hang out?”The application of funky to music came around the 1930s, but the “strong smell” sense had been around long before that. Since the 1600s, funk was slang (俚语) for the unpleasant smell of t
21、obacco smoke, and by extension, anything that stank (臭的). Cheeses, rooms, and especially ships toilets could be described as funky. The application of fanboy to comics and science fiction had to wait until the 70s, but before that, there were sports fans, and in 1919 the paper in Decatur, Illinois,
22、reported that, “it was a shock to the fan boys when Cincinnatibeat the Chicago White Sox.” The first citation (引用) for fangirl is from 1934: “Marydashed out through the rain so swiftly that only two of the fan-girls caught her. ”4When did the word “unfriend” turn up?AIn 1837.BIn 1698.CIn 1659.DIn 14
23、00.5Which one can be described as funky?AA fresh apple.BA cup of Coca-Cola.CA bottle of purified water.DA homeless dog.6Where did the word “fanboy” first appear?AIn sports.BIn comics.CIn science fiction.DIn movies.7What is the best title of the passage?AThe Origin of OEDBWords That Are Much Older th
24、an They SeemCHow Words Are ChangedDThe Application of Strange WordsCLets face itmost of us cant resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes. Theyre a perfect pick-me-up and comforter. But there are alternative drinks, so why have we chosen these as our go-to drinks to soothe our busy lives? And which on
25、e is superior?Lets start with tea-its the second most consumed drink in the world. For many-especially the British-having a “cuppa” is a daily practice. The caffeine contained in it helps wake you up in the morning, and throughout the day well make a brew to distract us from our work. And according
26、to some scientists, habitual tea consumption can have some health benefits. Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College Londons Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from the daily stresses in life. . . but we do not know w
27、hat ingredients of tea were responsible for these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.Coffee is teas trendier rival(对手). Its popularity has grown over the years, and this is reflected in the number of coffee shops we see around-places to hang out, do business or catch up with friends. Coffee
28、can taste great and can be served in many ways, but its sometimes how you have it that can be seen as a status symbol or the preserve of hipsters(潮人)I Of course, it gives you a strong caffeine hit-roughly double of that contained in tea. However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Wa
29、lker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have.But some scientists say drinking coffee-and green tea-can also be good for us. Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and h
30、ealthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So, whether we turn to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!8What does the underlined word “soothe
31、“ in Paragraph 1 mean?AChange.BRelieve.CDescribe.DCopy-9It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _.Atea is the most consumed drink in the worldBthe caffeine in tea can cure people of illnessCtea helps promote our careers and friendshipDthe ingredients of tea help people forget trouble10Which of the
32、following may Matt Walker agree with?AToo much coffee is not good for sleep.BBlack tea speeds up recovery from the daily stresses.CCoffee is surely more popular than tea.DDrinking a daily cup of coffee guarantees a long life.11In which section can you read the passage on a magazine website?ATechnolo
33、gy.BEntertainment.CBusiness.DHealth.DTesla and SpaceX Chief Executive Elon Musk has joined dozens of CEOs of artificial intelligence companies in signing an open letter urging the United Nations to ban the use of AI in weapons before the technology gets out of hand.The letter was published Mondaythe
34、 same day the U. N. was to discuss ways to protect civilians from the misuse of automated weapons (自动武器). That meeting, however, has been postponed until November.“Automated weapons threaten to become the third revolution in warfare,” read the letter, which was also signed by the CEOs of top high-te
35、ch companies such as Cafe X Technologies and PlusOne Robotics. “Once this Pandoras box is opened, it will be hard to close. Therefore we ask the High Contracting Parties to find a way to protect us all from these dangers.”The letters tones echo those in another open letter that Musk-along with more
36、than 3, 000 AI and robotics researchers, signed nearly two years ago. The letter warned of the dangers of artificial intelligence in weapons, which could be used in assassinations (暗杀), overturning nations, and selectively killing a particular ethnic group.Many nations are already familiar with dron
37、e (无人机) warfare, in which human-piloted drones are used instead of putting soldiers on site. Lower costs, as well as the fact that they dont risk the lives of military personnel, have contributed to their rising popularity. Future capabilities for unmanned aerial vehicles could include autonomous ta
38、keoffs and landings, while underwater drones could eventually “swim” in the seas.AI weapons would take things a step further, removing human involvement entirely, and potentially improving efficiency. But they could also open a whole new box of worms, according to the letter, “lowering the level for
39、 going to battle” and creating a global arms race in which horrible technology can be mass-produced and misused. “Artificial intelligence technology has reached a point where the use of such systems is-practically, if not legally-achievable within years, and the risks are high. It will only be a mat
40、ter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords (军阀). ”12Why did Elon Musk sign the open letter?ATo urge UN to ban all the new technology.BTo protect humans from the potential dangers of AI.CTo cut down the cost of automated weapons.DTo ask peo
41、ple to keep curious facing technology.13Which of the following is NOT the effect of AI use in weapons?AOverthrowing a nation.BSelectively killing an ethnic group.CImproving efficiency.DRisking the lives of military personnel.14The underlined sentence “they could also open a whole new box of worms” i
42、mplies that the use of AI in arms would _.Agive rise to a lot of threats to the worldBlower the level of global arms raceCcut down the mass production of armsDdecrease the deals on the black market15What is the writers attitude towards the use of Al in weapons?AIndifferent.BSupportive.CConcerned.DRe
43、gretful.第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。We must pay attention to these misunderstandings in choosing college majors!1. Choose a major only based on money_16_ You need to also consider your passions, your dislikes, and most importantly, your happiness. Can you s
44、ee yourself spending the next 40 years or so in this career without getting bored? The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you a high-paying job. _17_ If there are limited openings, the job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.2.
45、A hobby is never meant to be your priorityThere is a balance that should be maintained when youre choosing a major. You want to pick something that interests you. but you need to be sure that you wont get sick of it as time progresses. _18_ Merriam-Webster defines a hobby as “a pursuit outside ones
46、regular occupation engaged in especially for relaxation”. According to a photographer named Jenika, passions differ from hobbies in that passions are not relaxing. “Passions dont leave you alone. Passions insert themselves into your life whether you have time for them or not. Passions comfort you an
47、d drive you crazy at the same time.”3. _19_Being interested in a major is a start, but dont stop there. Researching the field will help you be sure that a major is right for you. If you know someone in the field or with that major, ask them for some input. Try to get some experience shadow someone i
48、n a business office.4. My parents want me to choose this majorThe opinions of your friends and family arent something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours. _20_ Youll only truly enjoy and succeed in the field if you wanted to be in it in the first place.AChoose a major by feeling instead of
49、 research.BThe major I like is too difficult. Id better change it.CYoure the one doing the work and earning the degree.DOften times, people will confuse their hobbies with their passions.EThe mistake happens when youre choosing a major only based on money.FIt will all depend on position openings and
50、 your competitors when you graduate.GThe idea of a specific major is better than the reality for students who enter it blindly.第三部分 语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。It is every kids worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived
51、it _21_. First he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom _22_ unexpectedly in her sleep.“I tried and I tried and I tried to get her _23_I couldnt,” said Jaden.Jaden is _24_ heartbroken.But theres another side to his _25_. A side he first made public a few weeks ago when he told hi
52、s aunt, and now guardian, Barbara DiCola, that he was sick and tired of seeing everyone sad all the time. And he had a plan to _26_ it. “And that was the beginning of it, “said Barbara.” Thats where the _27_ began. “Jaden asked his aunt Barbara to buy a bunch of little _28_ and bring him to downtown
53、 Savannah, Georgia near where he lives, so he could _29_.“Im trying to make people _30_,” said Jaden.Jaden _31_ people who arent already smiling and then turns their day around. Hes gone out on four different occasions now and he is always _32_. Even if sometimes he doesnt get exactly the _33_ he wa
54、s hoping for.It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toyexpecting nothing _34_except a smile.“Im counting on it to be 33,000,” said Jaden. When asked if he thinks he can make that _35_, he answered: “I think I can.”21AonceByetCtwiceDthen22AcriedBfoughtC
55、stayedDdied23AdelightedBanxiousCabsentDawake24AunderstandablyBimpossiblyChardlyDeasily25AcomedyBgriefCfavorDfreedom26AfixBreachChideDobey27ApaceBpatternCadventureDanger28AballsBtoysCflowersDfruits29Asell them outBset them upCset them asideDgive them away30AsmileBfeelCsucceedDtalk31AdesiresBtargetsCa
56、ttacksDrescues32AseriousBstubbornCsuccessfulDtroublesome33AgiftBdifficultyCreactionDexcuse34Ain needBin returnCfor funDon show35AgoalBpossibilityCdecisionDchoice第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A HILLARYS resident has shaved off her long hair in support of a friend who has
57、 a hair loss condition. Kam Waihi shaved her hair on May 12 in recognition of her friend Kathi Tait, who has been dealing with alopecia areata (斑秃)_36_ she was nine years old.“It all happened very quickly. I started getting large bald patches and _37_ no time I lost 40 percent of my hair. ” Ms. Tait
58、 said. “My sister passed away from blood cancer the year before, so it was an _38_(extreme) tough time. I managed to get through primary school. However, high school was a different story. It was terrible; I got bullied (被欺负) because of my alopecia. “Ms. Tait _39_(wear) a wig (假发) for the first year
59、 of high school and her hair grew back, only_40_(fall) out again after a year and a half. This pattern of growth and loss was frequent until her 30s when most of her hair fell out and didnt grow back.A few years ago she shaved off _41_ small amount of_42_(remain) hair, stopped wearing wigs and start
60、ed living a life as a bald woman-calling_43_(her) the “bald warrior”.Miss Waihi, _44_ has known Ms. Tait for more than 12 years, said her friend still faced_45_(judge) every day. “I want more people to know about the condition and to send out the message that it is OK to be bald.第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)第
61、一节(满分15分)46假如你是李华, 就China Daily的环境保护话题写信, 阐述一次性筷子对环境的危害, 及树木对环境的重要性, 并提出你的建议。注意:1. 词数80左右(信的格式和开头已为你写好, 不计入词数)；2. 参考词汇: throwaway chopsticks一次性筷子； ecological value 生态价值。Dear Editor.Im more than delighted to express my view about environmental protection._Yours sincerely.Li Hua第二节(满分25分)47阅读下面材料, 根据其
62、内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。There was a pretty strict system of segregation (种族隔离)in Atlanta. For a long, long time I could not go swimming. until there was a Negro YMCA(黑人基督教青年会). A Negro child in Atlanta could not go to any public park. I could not go to the so-called white schools. In many of the
63、 stores downtown, I couldnt go to a lunch counter to buy a hamburger or a cup of coffee. I could not attend any of the theaters. There were one or two Negro theaters, but they didnt get any of the main pictures. If they did get them, they got them two or three years later.I had grown up hating not o
64、nly segregation but also the cruel acts that grew out of it. I had seen police violence with my own eyes, and watched Negroes receive the most tragic injustice in the courts. I can remember the organization known as the Ku Kux Klan. It stands out white supremacy(至高无上), and it was an organization tha
65、t in those days even used violent methods to preserve segregation and to keep the Negro in his place. I remember seeing the Klan actually beat Negro. I had passed spots where Negroes had been savagely lynched (用私刑). All of these things did something to my growing personality.In my late childhood and
66、 early adolescence, two incidents happened that had a tremendous effect on my development. The first was the first empty seats at the front of the store. A young white clerk came up and murmured politely:”Ill be happy to wait on you if youll just move to those seats in the back. “Dad immediately rep
67、lied, ”Theres nothing wrong with these seats. Were quite comfortable here. “”Sorry, “said the clerk, ”but youll have to move. “”Well either buy shoes sitting here, “my father said quickly, ”or we wont buy shoes at all. 1. 续写词数应为150左右:2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Therefore he took me by the hand and walked o
68、ut of the store._I remember riding with him another day when he accidentally drove past a stop sign._1B2C3C【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本新书。1细节理解题。根据The Origin of Disease下面的介绍中“For many people, medical books can be a hard barrier to jump. but this book is written in an accessible style and format, and contains
69、 information useful to the lay person, not just medical professionals. (对许多人来说，医学书籍可能是一个难以跨越的障碍。但这本书是以一种易于阅读的风格和格式编写的，它包含了对外行人有用的信息，而不仅仅是医学专业人士)”并结合选项可知，这本书的目标读者是关心自己的健康的人们。故选B项。2推理判断题。根据The Stuff of Monuments下面的介绍中“Through the stories in the book, it is shown that the seasons of our lives are made
70、up of the stuff that went before. (通过书中的故事，我们可以看到，我们生活的时节是由过去的东西组成的)”可知，书中有许多不同的故事；从而推知，The Stuff of Monuments可能是一部短篇故事集。故选C项。3细节理解题。根据最后一本书的介绍中“ Out of fear comes delight, and the idea that what we see and how we initially judge a situation can be wrongthat what it takes to overcome our fears can s
71、ometimes be the best way to make a friend.(恐惧带来快乐，而我们所看到的以及我们最初如何判断一种情况的想法可能是错误的克服恐惧所需要的东西有时可能是交朋友的最佳方式)”可知，在书中是他的勇气（克服恐惧所需要的东西）给他带来了友谊。故选C项。4C5D6A7B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了friend、hang out、funky等词的旧时用法。4细节理解题。根据第一段“If you could friend someone, it was only natural, according to the productive rules of Engl
72、ish word formation, that you could unfriend them, too. The word shows up in this example from 1659: “I hope, sir, that we are not mutually (相互的)un-friended by tis difference which has happened between us. ”(如果你可以和某人交朋友，根据英语构词法的有效规则，你也可以解除他们的朋友关系。1659年的这个例子中出现了这样一个词：“我希望，先生，我们不会因为我们之间发生的分歧而失去朋友。”)”可知
73、，“unfriend”这个词是1659年出现的。故选C。5推理判断题。根据最后一段“Since the 1600s, funk was slang(俚语)for the unpleasant smell of tobacco smoke, and by extension, anything that stank(臭的). Cheeses, rooms, and especially ships toilets could be described as funky. (自17世纪以来，funk是一种俚语，指烟草烟雾的难闻气味，引申而言，指任何有臭味的东西。奶酪、房间，尤其是船上的厕所，可以说
74、是臭的。)”可知，无家可归的狗可以形容为臭的。故选D。6细节理解题。根据最后一段“The application of fanboy to comics and science fiction had to wait until the 70s, but before that, there were sports fans, and in 1919 the paper in Decatur, Illinois, reported that, “it was a shock to the fan boys when Cincinnatibeat the Chicago White Sox. ”
75、(fanboy在漫画和科幻小说中的应用必须等到70年代，但在此之前，有体育迷。1919年，伊利诺伊州迪凯特的报纸报道，“当辛辛那提击败芝加哥白袜队时，球迷们感到震惊。)”可知，fanboy这个词最初出现在体育运动中。故选A。7主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了friend、hang out、funky等词的旧时用法。故B项“Words That Are Much Older than They Seem(比看起来老得多的单词)”最能概括本文主旨。故选B。8B9D10A11D【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶和咖啡深受人们喜爱，并简单说明了喝茶或咖啡的好处。8词句猜测题。根据第一段前两句
76、“Lets face itmost of us cant resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes.Theyre a perfect pick-me-up and comforter(让我们认清现实吧大多数人有时都无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是一种完美的鼓舞和安慰)”可知茶和咖啡有提神、安慰的作用，结合划线单词后的“our busy lives”可知茶和咖啡能缓解我们忙碌的生活，由此可知划线词词义为“缓解”，故选B项。9推理判断题。根据第二段“Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College London
77、s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from the daily stresses in life. . . but we do not know what ingredients of tea were responsible for these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.(伦敦大学学院流行病学和公共卫生学系教授Andrew Steptoe告诉BBC食品
78、频道说，喝红茶“可以加快从日常生活压力中恢复过来但我们不知道茶中的哪些成分对压力恢复和放松有这些效果。”)”可知，茶里的某些成分有减轻压力、放松的效果，即让人们暂时忘记让他们烦恼的事情。故选D项。10细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Walker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have. (然而，过多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家Matt Walker告诉
79、BBC，咖啡因会减少让人恢复精力的深度睡眠。)”可知过度地饮用咖啡不利于睡眠。故选A项。11推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“ Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and healthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death
80、among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So, whether we turn to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!(大阪大学的研究人员发现，在中风幸存者和健康人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡风险较低，而在心脏病发作和中风幸存者中，喝七杯或更多绿茶的死亡风险较低。所以，无论我们选择咖啡还是茶是因为它的味道、它的形象或作为一种生活方式的选择，它都可能是我们的救命稻草！)”可知这篇文章主要告诉读者喝茶或者
81、咖啡对身体有好处。所以这篇文章取自于杂志的“健康”部分。故选D项。12B13D14A15C【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过Elon Musk等人一起签署的一封公开信，谈论了作者对人工智能在武器中使用的担忧。12细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tesla and SpaceX Chief Executive Elon Musk has joined dozens of CEOs of artificial intelligence companies in signing an open letter urging the United Nations to ban the use of AI i
82、n weapons before the technology gets out of hand. (特斯拉和SpaceX的首席执行官Elon Musk与数十家人工智能公司的首席执行官一起签署了一封公开信，敦促联合国在技术失控之前禁止在武器中使用人工智能。)”及第二段中“The letter was published Mondaythe same day the U. N. was to discuss ways to protect civilians from the misuse of automated weapons (自动武器). (这封信于周一发表，同一天，联合国将讨论如何保护
83、平民免受自动武器的滥用。)”可知，Elon Musk在公开信上签名是为了保护人类免受人工智能的潜在危险。故选B项。13细节理解题。根据第四段中“The letter warned of the dangers of artificial intelligence in weapons, which could be used in assassinations (暗杀), overturning nations, and selectively killing a particular ethnic group. (这封信警告了人工智能武器的危险，它可能被用于暗杀、颠覆国家，以及选择性地杀害一
84、个特定的种族。)”、第五段中“Lower costs, as well as the fact that they dont risk the lives of military personnel, have contributed to their rising popularity. (更低的成本，以及它们不冒军事人员生命危险的事实，使它们越来越受欢迎。)”以及第六段中“AI weapons would take things a step further, removing human involvement entirely, and potentially improving ef
85、ficiency. (人工智能武器将更进一步，完全消除人类的参与，并有可能提高效率。)”可知，人工智能在武器中的使用可能会颠覆国家、选择性地杀害一个特定的种族并有可能提高效率，但不会拿军事人员的生命冒险。故选D项。14词句猜测题。划线词句后文“It will only be a matter of time until they appear on the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords (军阀). (它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。)”说明人工智能武器会给世界
86、带来很多威胁，从而推知划线词句“But they could also open a whole new box of worms, according to the letter, lowering the level for going to battle and creating a global arms race in which horrible technology can be mass-produced and misused. (但是，根据信中的说法，they could also open a whole new box of worms，降低作战级别，并造成一场全球军备
87、竞赛，在这场竞赛中，可怕的技术可能会被大规模生产和滥用。)”其中划线部分应为“人工智能武器会给世界带来很多威胁”的意思。故选A项。15推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Artificial intelligence technology has reached a point where the use of such systems is-practically, if not legally-achievable within years, and the risks are high. It will only be a matter of time until they appear on
88、the black market and in the hands of terrorists, dictators or warlords (军阀). (人工智能技术已经达到了这样一种程度，即使在几年内不能在法律上实现，这种系统的使用也几乎是可以实现的，而且风险很高。它们出现在黑市上，落入恐怖分子、独裁者或军阀手中，只是时间问题。)”可知，作者对人工智能在武器中的使用是担忧的。故选C项。16E17F18D19A20C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解了四个选择大学时一定要避免的误区，帮助读者更好地选择专业。16上文“1. Choose a major only based on mone
89、y(1. 只根据钱来选择专业)”为本段小标题，起着统领本段的作用；小标题谈到误区之一是以金钱为标准，故本段都与金钱有关。E项“当你只根据钱来选择专业时，就会犯这个错误。”中based on money为原文复现。故选E项。17上文“The truth is, choosing a major with high-paying career options will not actually guarantee you a high-paying job.(事实是，选择一个高薪职业选择的专业并不能保证你得到一份高薪工作。)”和下文“If there are limited openings, t
90、he job will go to someone who is truly interested in the field.(如果有有限的空缺，工作将会给真正对该领域感兴趣的人。)”表示，专业不能保证高薪，好的工作岗位会给有兴趣的有心人。空处承上启下，故也需要提及工作岗位。F项“这完全取决于你毕业时的职位空缺和你的竞争对手。”中openings为原文复现。故选F项。18上文小标题“2. A hobby is never meant to be your priority(2. 爱好从来不是你优先考虑的事情)”提到本段关键词hobby“爱好”；下文“Merriam-Webster define
91、s a hobby as “a pursuit outside ones regular occupation engaged in especially for relaxation”. According to a photographer named Jenika, passions differ from hobbies in that passions are not relaxing. (韦氏词典对爱好的定义是“一个人在正常职业之外的一种追求，尤其是为了放松而从事的一种追求”。据一位名叫Jenika的摄影师说，激情与爱好不同，因为激情不会让人放松。)”同样也重复出现该关键词“爱好”
92、，提到爱好和激情的区别；由此可以推测出，空处也与爱好和激情相关。D项“很多时候，人们会混淆他们的爱好和激情。”符合段意。故选D项。19该空为本段小标题。下文“Being interested in a major is a start, but dont stop there. Researching the field will help you be sure that a major is right for you.(对专业感兴趣是一个开始，但不要止步于此。研究这个领域可以帮助你确定这个专业是否适合你。)”强调不能仅仅停留在感兴趣这一步，一定要对专业做研究；由此推出，本段以研究专业为主
93、。A项“选择专业凭感觉，而不去研究。”与本段意义相反，是选专业时会走的误区，符合段意。故选A项。20上文“The opinions of your friends and family arent something to ignore, but the choice is ultimately yours.(朋友和家人的意见不容忽视，但最终决定权在你自己。)”和下文“Youll only truly enjoy and succeed in the field if you wanted to be in it in the first place.(只有你一开始就想在这个领域工作，你才会真
94、正喜欢这个领域并取得成功。)”均强调的是，“你”才是选专业的主体，决定权在自己手里；空处承上启下，也需要强调的是选择专业、做决定的“主体性”。C项“你是那个在努力并获得学位的人。”强调了学习和毕业的主体，符合段意。故选C项。21C22D23D24A25B26A27C28B29D30A31B32C33C34B35A【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小男孩失去双亲却通过自己的善意的行为想要收集三万三千个微笑的故事。21考查副词词义辨析。句意：这是每个孩子最可怕的噩梦，6岁的杰登海耶斯经历了两次。A. once一次；B. yet到目前为止；C. twice两次；D. then那时、然后。根据后
95、文“First he lost his dad when he was four and then last month his mom _2_ unexpectedly in her sleep.”可知，杰登海耶斯失去了双亲，所以最可怕的噩梦是经历了两次。故选C项。22考查动词词义辨析。句意：他四岁时失去了父亲，上个月他的母亲在睡梦中意外去世。A. cried哭泣；B. fought打架；C. stayed留下；D. died死亡。结合前文“It is every kids worst nightmare and six-year-old Jaden Hayes has lived it t
96、wice.”可知，杰登海耶斯双亲都去世了。故选D项。23考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我试了又试，我试了又试，我试着让她醒过来，但我做不到，”杰登说。A. delighted快乐的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. absent缺席的；D. awake醒的。结合上文可知，杰登的妈妈在睡梦中意外去世，杰登还太小，以为妈妈只是睡着了，于是是想把妈妈叫醒。固定短语get sb. awake意为“唤醒某人”，符合文意。故选D项。24考查副词词义辨析。句意：杰登的心碎是可以理解的。A. understandably可以理解地；B. impossibly不可能地；C. hardly几乎不；D. easily
97、简单地。结合上文和常识，六岁的小男孩失去双亲，他伤心难过是可以理解的。故选A项。25考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他的悲伤还有另一面。A. comedy喜剧；B. grief悲伤；C. favor赞成，帮忙；D. freedom自由。结合上文“Jaden is understandably heartbroken.”可知，杰登很伤心，故空处也需要填和heartbroken意义或感情相同的词。B项“悲伤”为近义词。故选B项。26考查动词词义辨析。句意：他有个解决方案。A. fix解决；B. reach到达；C. hide躲藏；D. obey遵循。根据前文“he was sick and tired
98、of seeing everyone sad all the time.”可知，杰登不喜欢看到每个人都很悲伤的样子，于是想了一个办法解决这个问题，改变这一现状。A项“解决”，符合文意。故选A项。27考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是冒险开始的地方。A. pace步子；B. pattern图案；C. adventure冒险，经历；D. anger愤怒。纵观后文可知，是在详细介绍杰登的计划；结合实际，对于一个六岁的小男孩来说，他做的这些事情确实可以算得上是一次“冒险经历”或“很刺激的经历”。故选C项。28考查名词词义辨析。句意：杰登让他的阿姨芭芭拉买了一堆小玩具，带他到乔治亚州，萨凡纳市中心，他住的地
99、方附近，这样他就可以把玩具送人了。A. balls球；B. toys玩具；C. flowers花；D. fruits水果。根据下文“It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toyexpecting nothing _14_ except a smile.”可知，杰登是在分发玩具，其中toy为原文复现。故选B项。29考查动词短语辨析。句意：杰登让他的阿姨芭芭拉买了一堆小玩具，带他到乔治亚州，萨凡纳市中心，他住的地方附近，这样他就可以把玩具送人了。A. sell t
100、hem out卖光；B. set them up设置；C. set them aside预留；D. give them away捐赠。根据下文“It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toyexpecting nothing _14_ except a smile.”可知，杰登是在分发玩具，其中give away为原词复现。故选D项。30考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我在努力让人们微笑，”贾登说。A. smile微笑；B. feel感觉；C. succeed成功；D
101、. talk谈话。根据下文“It is just so overwhelming to some people that a six-year-old orphan would give away a toyexpecting nothing _14_ except a smile.”可知，杰登分发玩具是为了让人们快乐、微笑起来，其中smile为原词复现。故选A项。31考查动词词义辨析。句意：杰登的目标是那些没有微笑的人，然后让他们的一天变得更好。A. desires想要；B. targets以为目标；C. attacks攻击；D. rescues解救。结合上文可知，杰登是把玩具分发给路人，让
102、他们开心、微笑；由此可以推测出，他分发玩具的目标群体为没有微笑的人。B项“以为目标”符合句意。故选B项。32考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他已经去到四次不同场合，他也总是很成功。A. serious严肃的；B. stubborn固执的；C. successful成功的；D. troublesome麻烦的。空前and表示并列、递进和顺承；后文“Even if sometimes he doesnt get exactly the _13_ he was hoping for.”表示，即使有时候不如他的意。由此可以推测出，前文是想表达他每次的活动都很成功，即使有时活动效果没有那么好。故选C项。33考查
103、名词词义辨析。句意：即使有时候他并没有得到他想要的反应。A. gift礼物；B. difficulty困难；C. reaction反应，行动；D. excuse借口。结合上文，杰登分发玩具是为了让大家微笑，而结合常识可知，微笑是一个面部表情，即人们看到玩具后做出的反应和行为。故选C项。34考查介词短语辨析。句意：这对一些人来说是如此的不可思议，一个六岁的孤儿会把一个玩具送给别人除了一个微笑，什么也不求回报。A. in need有需要的；B. in return作为回报；C. for fun为了好玩；D. on show上映。结合上文，杰登分发玩具是为了让大家微笑，所以是除了微笑，别无他求，不求
104、任何回报。故选B项。35考查名词词义辨析。句意：当被问及他是否认为自己可以实现这个目标时，他回答说：“我认为我可以。”A. goal目标；B. possibility可能性；C. decision决定；D. choice选择。根据上文“Im counting on it to be 33,000, said Jaden.”可知，杰登想收集三万三千个微笑，这是他的目标。故选A项。36since37in38extremely39wore40to fall41the42remaining43herself44who45judgment【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Kam Waihi剃了她的头
105、发，用来表达对从9岁起就患有斑秃的朋友Kathi Tait的支持。36考查连词。句意：5月12日，Kam Waihi剃了她的头发，用来表达对从9岁起就在治疗斑秃的朋友Kathi Tait的支持。根据句意可知，“she was nine years old”是时间状语从句，结合其主句中现在完成进行时“has been dealing with”可知，此处为应用since“自从”引导时间状语从句，表示动作的起点。故填since。37考查介词。句意：我开始大面积秃顶，很快就掉了40%的头发。根据句意可知，此处用固定短语in no time“很快，马上”作时间状语。故填in 。38考查副词。句意：我姐
106、姐在前年因血癌去世了，所以那段时间非常艰难。根据句意，此处为副词extremely修饰形容词“tough”，其间为“极度，非常”。故填extremely。39考查动词时态。句意：Tait在高中一年级戴着假发，头发长了回来，但一年半后又掉了。分析句子可知，提示词是分句谓语动词，结合句意和并列分句中“grew”可知，wear也应使用一般过去时态。故填wore。40考查动词不定式。句意：Tait在高中一年级戴着假发，头发长了回来，但一年半后又掉了。根据句意以及空前的“only”可知，此处为only to do作结果状语，表示出乎预料的结果。故填to fall。41考查冠词。句意：几年前，她剃掉了剩下
107、的少量头发，不再戴假发，开始过着秃头女人的生活称自己为“秃头战士”。根据句意可知，此处为特指剃掉的少量头发，为特指的概念。故填the。42考查形容词。句意：几年前，她剃掉了剩下的少量头发，不再戴假发，开始过着秃头女人的生活称自己为“秃头战士”。由句意以及空后的“hair”名词可知，此处用形容词remaining“剩下的”作定语修饰名词hair。故填remaining。43考查代词。句意：几年前，她剃掉了剩下的少量头发，不再戴假发，开始过着秃头女人的生活称自己为“秃头战士”。根据句意可知，此处为“她称自己为秃头战士”，应用反身代词herself作宾语。故填herself。44考查定语从句。句意：
108、Waihi认识Tait已经超过12年了，她说她的朋友每天都要面对评判。分析句子可知，此处为连词who引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词“Miss Waihi”在从句中作主语，用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故填who。45考查名词。句意：Waihi认识Tait已经超过12年了，她说她的朋友每天都要面对评判。分析句子可知，提示词作宾语，用名词judgment，意为“评判”。故填judgment。46Dear Editor,Im more than delighted to express my view about environmental protection. Nowadays, throwa
109、way chopsticks are gaining increasing popularity for their convenience and low price. However, what we fail to realize is that they cause great damage to the environment. The manufacture of throwaway chopsticks consumes large numbers of trees every year, which accounts for great loss of forests. Whe
110、re the forests disappear, dust storms will occur occasionally. The weather will get hot and dry and the whole earth will become a big desert. So we should spare no effort to protect the environment. To begin with, everyone should be made aware of the importance of protecting forests. Besides, the go
111、vernment is expected to make strict laws to ban forest cutting. Only in this way can we live in harmony with nature.Yours sincerely.Li Hua【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给China Daily写信，阐述一次性筷子对环境的危害以及树木对环境的重要性，并提出建议。【详解】1.词汇积累受欢迎：gain popularitybecome popular破坏：damage harm生产：manufactureproduction不遗余力做某事：spare n
112、o effort to try ones best to do2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Nowadays, throwaway chopsticks are gaining increasing popularity for their convenience and low price.拓展句：Nowadays, throwaway chopsticks are gaining increasing popularity because they are convenient and at low price.【点睛】【高分句型1】However, what we fail to real
113、ize is that they cause great damage to the environment.（运用了what引导的主语从句和that引导表语从句）【高分句型2】The manufacture of throwaway chopsticks consumes large numbers of trees every year, which accounts for great loss of forests.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）47Therefore he took me by the hand and walked out of the store. T
114、his was the first time I had seen Dad so furious. The experience revealed to me at a very early age that my father had not adjusted to the system, and he played a great part in shaping my conscience. I still remember walking down the street beside him as he muttered, I dont care how long I have to l
115、ive with this system. I will never accept it. And he never has.I remember riding with him another day when he accidentally drove past a stop sign. A policeman pulled up to the car and said: All right, boy, pull over and let me see your license. My father instantly retorted: Let me make it clear to y
116、ou that you arent talking to a boy. If you persist in referring to me as boy, I will be forced to act as if I dont hear a word you are saying. The policeman was so shocked in hearing a Negro talk to him so forthrightly that he didnt quite know how to respond. He nervously wrote the ticket and left t
117、he scene as quickly as possible.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了发生在作者和父亲中一些种族歧视的经历，以及作者父亲在面对种族歧视时，父亲的反应让作者有所感悟的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“因此，他拉着我的手走出了商店”可知，第一段可描写爸爸拉着我的手离开商店之后，爸爸的情绪反应，以及爸爸说话的过程。由第二段首句内容“我记得有一天和他一起开车，他不小心开过了一个停车标志。”可知，第二段可描写爸爸和警察对话的过程和我的感受。2.续写线索：拉着我的手走出了商店爸爸的情绪表现我的感受以及爸爸说的话开车开过了一个停车标志警察和爸爸的对话感悟3.词汇激活
118、行为类透露：revealed / disclose / impart.发挥作用：play a part in / play a role in.反驳：retorted / refute / disprove情绪类.生气的：furious / angry / annoyed.震惊的：shocked / startled/surprised【点睛】 高分句型1. If you persist in referring to me as boy, I will be forced to act as if I dont hear a word you are saying.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句。）高分句型2. The policeman was so shocked in hearing a Negro talk to him so forthrightly that he didnt quite know how to respond.（运用了so.that引导的结果状语从句。）
