1、题型综合练(二)(限时65分钟). 阅读理解ABlood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the lungs, kidneys, and digestive system to be removed from the body. Blood also fights infections, and carries hormones around th
2、e body. Red blood cells are shaped like slightly indented, flattened disks. They contain hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen. Blood gets its bright red color when hemoglobin picks up oxygen in the lungs. As the blood travels through the body, the hemoglobin releases oxygen to the different bod
3、y parts. Each red blood cell lives for about 4 months. Each day, the body makes new red blood cells to replace those that die or are lost from the body. They are made in the inside part of bones called the bone marrow(骨髓). White blood cells are a key part of the immune system. The immune system help
4、s the body defend itself against infection. Different types of white blood cells fight germs, such as bacteria and viruses. Some types of white blood cells make antibodies, which are special proteins that recognize foreign materials and help the body get rid of them. The life spans of white blood ce
5、lls vary from hours to years. New cells are constantly being formed. Blood contains far fewer white blood cells than red blood cells. But the white blood cell count in someone with an infection often is higher than usual because more white blood cells are being made to battle the infection. Platelet
6、s (血小板)are tiny oval-shaped cells that help stop the bleeding. When a blood vessel breaks, platelets gather in the area and help seal off the leak. Platelets survive only about 9 days in the bloodstream and are constantly being replaced by new platelets made by the bone marrow. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了血液
7、的构成及各部分的作用。1. What causes the blood to take on bright red? A. Bone marrow. B. Oxygen. C. Carbon dioxide. D. Waste material. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Blood gets its bright red color when hemoglobin picks up oxygen in the lungs. ”可知, 当血液在肺里携带上氧气之后, 便呈现出深红色。故选B。2. What will happen if your body has fewer whi
8、te blood cells? A. Your immune system will disappear. B. Your body will be short of protein. C. You will get infected more easily. D. Your marrow will stop making blood. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 白细胞是免疫系统的关键部分, 由此可推测, 如果血液里缺少白细胞, 那么人的免疫力会下降, 更容易被疾病感染。故选C。3. What will help when you cut your finger? A. Re
9、d blood cells. B. White blood cells. C. Hemoglobin. D. Platelets. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Platelets are tiny oval-shaped cells that help stop the bleeding”以及下文的内容可知, 血小板主要作用是止血。故选D。BNowadays celebrities are more famous for their charm and wealth than for their achievements, and this sets a bad example
10、to young people. I partially agree with this statement due to several reasons. On the one hand, there are various reasons why people may argue that some celebrities are a bad example for young people. First of all, celebrities become popular due to their fancy, wealth and charming lifestyles instead
11、 of outstanding achievements so that teenagers envy and desire those lifestyles, which becomes a negative influence on the teenager. Another reason is that some celebrities are not only below the average in acting talents compared with others celebrities, but also showing something that is not usefu
12、l to teenagers with a bright future. Finally, celebrities hedonistic lifestyles negatively influence young people because this may cause young people to “enjoy their life” instead of hard work. On the other hand, the negatively influence arguments given above can be considered from the opposite angl
13、e. Firstly, movie or sports stars become celebrities through incredible acts and outstanding performance, which plays an important role model and has a positive impact on a teenager. Secondly, if celebrities have strong determination and hard work to get a masterpiece of article creative, they would
14、 be recognized by the public and obtain great achievements. An example is that a director from an act is Amir Khan, who has become a world famous Bollywood celebrity through his inspirational and creative movies instead of his wealth or attractive personality. Finally, celebrities have creativity, i
15、nnovation, and abilities that can inspire adolescents, even changing their life for good. In conclusion, although celebrities charm and wealth may lead to negative example to young people, from my point of view, I wholeheartedly agree that some celebrities who have outstanding performance would have
16、 a positive impact on adolescents. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文, 许多名人有魅力又有钱, 他们的生活方式对青少年有负面的影响, 但作者认为, 通过杰出成就而出名的名人对青少年有积极影响。4. What is the probable meaning of the underlined word “hedonistic” in Paragraph 2? A. Focusing on pleasure. B. Devoted to achievement. C. Busy and meaningful. D. Confident and proud. 【解析】选
17、A。 词义猜测题。根据下文中“because this may cause young people to enjoy their life instead of hard work”可知名人的这种生活方式会导致年轻人只享受生活而不去努力工作, 由此猜测画线部分的意思是“追求享乐的”。故选A。5. What can we infer from this text? A. Celebrities have bad influence on adolescents. B. Adolescents are positively affected by celebrities. C. Young pe
18、ople tend to imitate the lives of celebrities. D. It is hard to distinguish good celebrities from bad ones. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据文章内容, 有的名人给年轻人带来坏影响, 有的带来好的影响, 由此排除A和B; 本文并未提到如何辨别好与不好的名人, 排除D。但可以推知, 年轻人倾向于模仿名人。故选C。6. How does the author mainly clarify his argument? A. By providing examples. B. By making c
19、omparison. C. By analyzing data. D. By listing facts. 【解析】选B。写作方法题。本文主要通过对两种名人的对比分析, 说明有些名人成就卓著, 还是值得年轻人效仿的。故选B。【知识拓展】词汇串记表示“多种多样”的短语all kinds of 各种各样的a variety of 各种各样的varieties of 各种各样的all sorts of 各种各样的; 形形色色a great diversity of 多种多样的COf all my dreams, my least favorite is the one where Im in a c
20、ar. It always begins with me driving, but eventually I realize that for some reason Im sitting in the back seat. I cant keep the car under control, rushing toward the roadside until screaming, I wake up. This is like the passenger experience in Waymos self-driving cars. You sit in the back seat of a
21、 vehicle and watch as the wheel turns itself above an entirely empty driving seat. “We made you live your nightmare, ” a Waymo staff member joked after I exited one of the companys fully self-driving car, following a quick drive inside its secret testing site. Waymo, a self-driving car company, arra
22、nged these rides for 40 journalists at this site. There were also some demonstrations (示范). We watched as a Waymo car was cut off by a speeding vehicle. Then the employees created a situation in which a pile of moving boxes fell into the street just as another car passed in the opposite direction. T
23、hroughout the day, the cars performed impressively, driving with the level of care you might take if you had a wedding cake in the back seat. During these demonstrations, Waymo gave information about what it was planning to do with these vehicles. The company has laid out four ways that its technolo
24、gy could be made available to the public. But Waymos CEO, John Krafcik, wouldnt show which of these was likely to come to market first, or on what kind of timeline. I cant help but admire that Waymo is succeeding in developing this technology. There are countless possibilities at play on the road. T
25、he task of programming software to react to all those situations is unimaginably complex. What a great breakthrough! 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一家名为Waymo的自动驾驶汽车公司向记者们展示了旗下的技术和产品, 作者也参与其中并亲身体验了自动驾驶。7. How did the author feel about her driving experience in her dream? A. It was thrilling. B. It was amusing.
26、C. It was puzzling. D. It was terrifying. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句从梦境中尖叫醒来的反应以及第三段出现的“nightmare”一词可知, 作者是感到害怕的。thrilling惊险的 amusing好玩的; puzzling令人迷惑的; terrifying吓人的。故选D。8. What might the author be? A. Shes a reporter. B. Shes a software engineer. C. Shes a test driver. D. Shes a saleswoman in Waymo. 【
27、解析】选A。细节理解题。从第三段最后一句可知, Waymo公司在秘密地点为40名记者安排了试驾体验, 而作者也是其中之一。故选A。9. What did the author intend to prove by mentioning the wedding cake? A. The employees performed well. B. The self-driving cars worked well. C. The employees drove with great care. D. The self-driving cars ran at a steady speed. 【解析】选
28、B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知, 给出这个比喻体现自动驾驶的谨小慎微程度, 说明其安全可靠, 表现良好。故选B。10. What did the author learn about the self-driving technology from the demonstrations? A. Time to put it on the market. B. Ways to put it on the market. C. Future improvement it needs. D. Programming software it used. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第五段第二
29、句可知, 通过这些示范, Waymo公司展示了将它的技术面向公众的四种方式, 这就意味着投入市场开始生产。故选B。【知识拓展】熟词生义exit n. 出口, 通道 生义: vi. 退出; 离去programme n. 程序; 计划; 大纲 生义: vi. 编程序; 安排节目. 阅读填句A lot of studies suggest that eating nuts and seeds can help you lose weight. And it can but only in very limited amounts and together with an entire diet an
30、d proper exercise. 1. So, if you eat too many nuts, you will surely gain rather than lose pounds. 2, it is important to reduce the number of calories you eat elsewhere. In this case, it depends on how you eat your nuts and seeds. If they are raw and unsalted, they can help lower your blood pressure.
31、 However, most come salted to improve their taste. Many of us already eat too much salt, which generally works in partnership with potassium(钾) to regulate the fluid balance in our bodies. 3. It is best to eat unsalted varieties, but if you are careful with your sodium(钠) consumption, you can cheat
32、a little by choosing unsalted nuts or seeds and adding just a little bit of salt at home. It is sure to be less than the packaged product. 4. You can use Italian seasoning or chili powder to add flavor without sodium. 5, but quite the opposite if you eat too many. There are some pure junk foods that
33、 we should avoid, such as processed meals and fast food meals. But when it comes to nuts and seeds, there are benefits to be gained from eating the right amount. A. If you have a strong preference for nuts and seedsB. If you do plan to add nuts or seeds to your weight loss planC. When that critical
34、balance is off, it drives up blood pressureD. There is no doubt that nuts and seeds are very healthy foodE. Another great strategy is to flavor your seeds or nuts with herbsF. Nuts especially are very high in fat and represent a high calorie loadG. The tricky thing about seeds and nuts is that they
35、are healthy in the proper dose【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文, 介绍了用坚果作为减肥食物时, 应注意的问题。1. 【解析】选F。根据后文中So, 可知, 上下句为因果关系, “如果吃太多坚果, 你肯定会发胖而不是减肥。原因在于, 坚果中脂肪含量尤其高, 是高热量的代表”。2. 【解析】选B。分析句子结构, 此处为复合句的前半句。后半句“重要的是要减少你在其他地方摄入的热量”, 由此推测, B项“如果你计划在你的减肥计划中加入坚果或种子”符合语境。3. 【解析】选C。根据上句中的相关词balance可知, C项与上句为顺承关系, 衔接自然、合理。4. 【解析】选E。上
36、文提到, 为了增加口味, 在家吃的时候加少量盐, E项指另一种增加口味的方法, 此处与空前句叙述形成逻辑上的并列关系, 所以选E。5. 【解析】选G。根据后文中but可知, 前后为转折关系。G项中的“proper dose”与后面的“too many”形成对比, 故选G。. 完形填空A parents hopes for 2030When 2010 arrived, my son was only a year oldtiny, 1, the master of a few basic words, but still mostly the baby wed 2into the world.
37、Now my baby has grown into an3tall, strong, stout, and smart, a(n) 4 of Akira Kurosawa samurai movies. A5from now, in 2030, he will be an adult. I expect the next 10 years to fly by, and be filled with 6. As 2020 begins. I am thinking about the kind of world my son will7 and experience. I 8 for him,
38、 and for all the young people of his age. So I have several 9for the world my son and his generation will live in. I hope we finally get10about climate change. Polar ice is melting. The oceans are 11 . The question is 12whether we can stop climate change, but whether were willing and able to do anyt
39、hing to 13 it. Im not sure what a warming planet will14 for my sons life. I suspect it means he will live in a world where nations and groups 15limited resources like clean water and food, which means that the danger of climate change wont come just from rising oceans, but from other humans competin
40、g for control over whats16. The world is always going to be full of17about how to solve the challenges we face. I hope too, that my sons generation learns to 18justicebut to do so with big heart and humility, recognizing our common humanity(人性)even with people who 19 us. The world of 2030 wont20 its
41、elf. We are creating it now, so my final wish is that we build the kind of world we actually want our children to live in. 【文章大意】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。讲述了作者对10年后儿子和儿子将来所处的世界的担忧和愿望。1. A. specialB. generous C. intelligent D. dependent【解析】选D。由上文可知, 儿子仅仅一岁, 还很小, 小孩子是需要依靠的。故选D。2. A. welcomed B. raised C. grown D. co
42、ngratulated【解析】选A。根据常识可知, 父母欢迎自己的孩子降临到这个世界。短语welcome into意为“欢迎进入”; raise意为“抚养”, 是及物动词, 后接宾语; grow“成长”, 不符合语境; congratulate on为固定搭配, 意为“对某事表示祝贺”。故选A。3. A. athleteB. adolescent C. artist D. engineer【解析】选B。根据下文可知, 在2030年, 他会成为一个成年人, 联系上文2010年他刚刚一岁, 可知他现在是青少年。故选B。4. A. directorB. author C. lover D. read
43、er【解析】选C。根据下文“Akira Kurosawa samurai movies. (黑泽明武士电影)”, 作者的儿子此时是个青少年, 应该是武士电影的爱好者(lover)。故选C。5. A. month B. centuryC. year D. decade【解析】选D。根据下文可知, 作者预料下一个十年会飞逝而过, 在2030年, 孩子将会成为一个成年人。此处是10年(decade)。故选D。6. A. questionsB. experience C. danger D. change【解析】选D。10年后儿子会长大成人, 10年将会飞逝而过, 而这其中是充满变化的。故选D。7.
44、A. createB. notice C. face D. shake【解析】选C。根据空格后的并列动词experience“经历”可知, 此处应为它的近义词, 作者在思考自己的儿子即将面对和经历的这个世界。故选C。8. A. worryB. sacrifice C. provide D. arrange【解析】选A。根据下文作者对这个世界现存的问题提出的希望可知, 作者为自己的儿子及他的同龄人担心。故选A。9. A. plans B. methods C. hopesD. choices【解析】选C。根据下一段提示“I hope we finally get. . . ”可知作者对于儿子和他
45、这一代人生活的世界, 有一些愿望(hope)。故选C。10. A. particularB. serious C. optimisticD. enthusiastic【解析】选B。下文提到气候变化是一个严重的问题, 作者希望能够认真对待。固定搭配get/be serious about意为“认真对待”, 故选B。11. A. drying B. rising C. growing D. cooling【解析】选B。由前文中“Polar ice is melting. ”可知, 海平面应该在上升, 下文第五段中也提到了“rising oceans”, 故选B。12. A. for sure B.
46、 as usual C. no longerD. till now【解析】选C。for sure无疑; as usual像往常一样; no longer不再; till now到现在为止。but连接前后句为转折关系, 后一句是肯定语气, 推测前一句是否定语气。故选C。13. A. slowB. record C. complete D. oppose【解析】选A。联系上文可知, it指代climate change, 我们不能阻止, 但能减缓气候变化。故选A。14. A. meanB. obtain C. share D. seek【解析】选A。根据后句可知, 作者不确定全球变暖对于儿子的生活
47、意味着什么。mean属词汇复现。故选A。15. A. pick up B. fight over C. turn down D. take part【解析】选B。根据下文“but from other humans competing for control over ”可知, 作者在猜想这意味着他将活在一个国家和团体争夺有限资源比如干净的水和食物的世界, fight over 意为“争夺”。故选B。16. A. finished B. continued C. startedD. left【解析】选D。根据上文中提到的“limited resources”可知, 气候变化的危害不仅仅来自海平
48、面上升, 更有人类为了掌控剩下的资源的竞争。故选D。17. A. aimsB. examples C. disagreements D. results【解析】选C。aims目标; examples例子; disagreements分歧; results结果。根据“how to solve the challenges we face”可知, 此处应该是人类关于应对挑战的争论。故选C。18. A. escape B. express C. seek D. affect【解析】选C。句意: 我也希望我儿子这一代人学会寻找正义但要怀着博大的心和谦卑去这样做, 意识到我们共同的人性, 即使是那些和我
49、们不一样的人。根据but to do so with big heart and humility, recognizing our common humanity, 可知, 此处应为寻求公正。故选C。19. A. differ from B. agree with C. refer to D. call for【解析】选A。本句中的even意为“即使”, 表前后转折, 结合句意“要意识到共同的人性, 即使是与我们不同的人。”可知, 前为“common”, 则后应该为“differ from”。故选A。20. A. blameB. admire C. prove D. build【解析】选D。
50、 根据下一句“We are creating it now”可知此处应为“create”的近义词”build”。表示2030年的世界不会自己建造。故选D。【知识拓展】长难句分析I suspect it means he will live in a world where nations and groups fight over limited resources like clean water and food, which means that the danger of climate change wont come just from rising oceans, but fro
51、m other humans competing for control over whats left. 分析: suspect后面都是宾语从句; 在这个宾语从句中, he will live . . . water and food为宾语从句; where引导定语从句, 修饰world; which引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰前面it means开头的句子; that引导定语从句中的宾语从句。译文: 我怀疑这意味着他将生活在一个国家和团体为清洁的水和食物等有限资源而争斗的世界里, 这意味着气候变化的危险不仅仅来自上升的海洋, 还有来自争夺剩余资源的控制权的其他人。. 语法填空China a
52、nnounced on Monday it will provide $2 billion over two years to help to battle COVID-19, 1. _has affected over 7 billion people and taken over 300, 000 lives 2. _(globe) and with economic and social development in affected countries, especially developing countries. 3. _(give) that some African coun
53、tries have weak public health systems, supplying more material, technological and personnel support 4. _them must be the top priority in COVID-19 response. Since the outbreak, China 5. _(send) a tremendous quantity of medical supplies and 6. (assist) as well as five Chinese 7. (medicine) expert team
54、s to over 50 African countries. Besides, China is ready to work with the international community to help 8. hardest-hit countries under the greatest pressure from debt. With the virus still 9. _(spread), the most urgent task is to make all-out efforts in COVID-19 control and treatment. We must alway
55、s put the people first 10. _nothing in the world is more precious than peoples lives. 【文章大意】本文为新闻报道。中国将在两年内提供20亿美元用于帮助受疫情影响的国家特别是发展中国家的抗疫斗争以及经济社会恢复发展。1. 【解析】which。考查定语从句的引导词。连接词引导非限制性定语从句, 指代先行词COVID-19在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词which。故填which。2. 【解析】globally。考查副词。所填单词作状语修饰前面的动词affect和take over, 应用副词globally(全球地
56、, 全世界地)。3. 【解析】Given。考查介词。句意: 鉴于一些非洲国家的公共卫生系统薄弱, 向它们提供更多的物质、技术和人员支持必须是新冠肺炎应急行动的首要任务。given表示“考虑到, 鉴于”, 用作介词, 与that连用, 引导原因状语从句。4. 【解析】to。考查介词。supply sth. to sb. “向某人提供某物”, 固定搭配, 故填to。5. 【解析】has sent。考查时态、语态及主谓一致。主语China是单数概念, 与动词send之间为主动关系, 时间状语Since the outbreak通常用于现在完成时, 故填has sent。6. 【解析】assistan
57、ce。考查名词。此处与medical supplies 并列作动词send的宾语, 应用所给单词的名词形式assistance(帮助、援助、支持), 不可数名词, 故填assistance。7. 【解析】medical。考查形容词。此处作定语修饰名词expert teams, 应用所给单词的形容词形式medical。8. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 此外, 中国愿与国际社会一起帮助受灾最严重、债务压力最大的国家。hardest-hit为形容词最高级, 前面需加定冠词the。9. 【解析】spreading。考查非谓语动词。句意: 由于病毒仍在传播, 最紧迫的任务是全力控制和治疗新冠肺炎。
58、此处为with+宾语+宾语补足语结构, spread与with的宾语是主动关系。故填spreading。10. 【解析】because/as。考查状语从句的连接词。句意: 我们必须始终把人民放在第一位, 因为世界上没有什么比人的生命更宝贵的了。根据句意可知, 此处需要一个连接词引导原因状语从句, 故填because/as。【知识拓展】长难句分析China announced on Monday it will provide $2 billion over two years to help to battle COVID-19, which has affected over 7 billi
59、on people and taken over 300, 000 lives globally and with economic and social development in affected countries, especially developing countries. 分析: 该句子中it will provide $2 billion over two years to help to battle COVID-19为宾语从句, 作announced的宾语; which引导非限制性定语从句, 修饰其前的 COVID-19。译文: 中国周一宣布, 将在两年内提供20亿美元帮助抗击新冠肺炎。这场灾难已经影响到全球70多亿人, 夺走了30多万人的生命, 受灾国家、特别是发展中国家的经济和社会发展也受到了影响。
